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  • output with "Private`" Content in Mathematica Package

    - by madalina
    Hello everyone, I am trying to solve the following implementation problem in Mathematica 7.0 for some days now and I do not understand exactly what is happening so I hope someone can give me some hints. I have 3 functions that I implemented in Mathematica in a source file with extension *.nb. They are working okay to all the examples. Now I want to put these functions into 3 different packages. So I created three different packages with extension .*m in which I put all the desired Mathematica function. An example in the "stereographic.m" package which contain the code: BeginPackage["stereographic`"] stereographic::usage="The package stereographic...." formEqs::usage="The function formEqs[complexBivPolyEqn..." makePoly::usage="The function makePoly[algebraicEqn] ..." getFixPolys::usage="The function..." milnorFibration::usage="The function..." Begin["Private`"] Share[]; formEqs[complex_,{m_,n_}]:=Block[{complexnew,complexnew1, realeq, imageq, expreal, expimag, polyrealF, polyimagF,s,t,u,v,a,b,c,epsilon,x,y,z}, complexnew:=complex/.{m->s+I*t,n->u+I*v}; complexnew1:=complexnew/.{s->(2 a epsilon)/(1+a^2+b^2+c^2),t->(2 b epsilon)/(1+a^2+b^2+c^2),u->(2 c epsilon)/(1+a^2+b^2+c^2),v->(- epsilon+a^2 epsilon+b^2 epsilon+c^2 epsilon)/(1+a^2+b^2+c^2)}; realeq:=ComplexExpand[Re[complexnew1]]; imageq:=ComplexExpand[Im[complexnew1]]; expreal:=makePoly[realeq]; expimag:=makePoly[imageq]; polyrealF:=expreal/.{a->x,b->y,c->z}; polyimagF:=expimag/.{a->x,b->y,c->z}; {polyrealF,polyimagF} ] End[] EndPackage[] Now to test the function I load the package Needs["stereographic`"] everything is okay. But when I test the function for example with formEqs[x^2-y^2,{x,y}] I get the following ouput: {Private`epsilon^2 + 2 Private`x^2 Private`epsilon^2 + Private`x^4 Private`epsilon^2 - 6 Private`y^2 Private`epsilon^2 + 2 Private`x^2 Private`y^2 Private`epsilon^2 + Private`y^4 Private`epsilon^2 - 6 Private`z^2 Private`epsilon^2 + 2 Private`x^2 Private`z^2 Private`epsilon^2 + 2 Private`y^2 Private`z^2 Private`epsilon^2 + Private`z^4 Private`epsilon^2, 8 Private`x Private`y Private`epsilon^2 + 4 Private`z Private`epsilon^2 - 4 Private`x^2 Private`z Private`epsilon^2 - 4 Private`y^2 Private`z Private`epsilon^2 - 4 Private`z^3 Private`epsilon^2} Of course I do not understand why Private` appears in front of any local variable which I returned in the final result. I would want not to have this Private` in the computed output. Any idea or better explanations which could indicate me why this happens? Thank you very much for your help. Best wishes, madalina

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  • Memory issues - Living vs. overall -> app is killed

    - by D33
    I'm trying to check my applications memory issues in Instruments. When I load the application I play some sounds and show some animations in UIImageViews. To save some memory I load the sounds only when I need it and when I stop playing it I free it from the memory. problem 1: My application is using about 5.5MB of Living memory. BUT The Overall section is growing after start to 20MB and then it's slowly growing (about 100kB/sec). But responsible Library is OpenAL (OAL::Buffer), dyld (_dyld_start)-I am not sure what this really is, and some other stuff like ft_mem_qrealloc, CGFontStrikeSetValue, … problem 2: When the overall section breaks about 30MB, application crashes (is killed). According to the facts I already read about overall memory, it means then my all allocations and deallocation is about 30MB. But I don't really see the problem. When I need some sound for example I load it to the memory and when I don't need it anymore I release it. But that means when I load 1MB sound, this operation increase overall memory usage with 2MB. Am I right? And when I load 10 sounds my app crashes just because the fact my overall is too high even living is still low??? I am very confused about it. Could someone please help me clear it up? (I am on iOS 5 and using ARC) SOME CODE: creating the sound OpenAL: MYOpenALSound *sound = [[MyOpenALSound alloc] initWithSoundFile:filename willRepeat:NO]; if(!sound) return; [soundDictionary addObject:sound]; playing: [sound play]; dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, ((sound.duration * sound.pitch) + 0.1) * NSEC_PER_SEC), dispatch_get_current_queue(), ^{ [soundDictionary removeObjectForKey:[NSNumber numberWithInt:soundID]]; }); } creating the sound with AVAudioPlayer: [musics replaceObjectAtIndex:ID_MUSIC_MAP withObject:[[Music alloc] initWithFilename:@"mapMusic.mp3" andWillRepeat:YES]]; pom = [musics objectAtIndex:musicID]; [pom playMusic]; and stop and free it: [musics replaceObjectAtIndex:ID_MUSIC_MAP withObject:[NSNull null]]; AND IMAGE ANIMATIONS: I load images from big PNG file (this is realated also to my other topic : Memory warning - UIImageView and its animations) I have few UIImageViews and by time I'm setting animation arrays to play Animations... UIImage *source = [[UIImage alloc] initWithCGImage:[[UIImage imageNamed:@"imageSource.png"] CGImage]]; cutRect = CGRectMake(0*dimForImg.width,1*dimForImg.height,dimForImg.width,dimForImg.height); image1 = [[UIImage alloc] initWithCGImage:CGImageCreateWithImageInRect([source CGImage], cutRect)]; cutRect = CGRectMake(1*dimForImg.width,1*dimForImg.height,dimForImg.width,dimForImg.height); ... image12 = [[UIImage alloc] initWithCGImage:CGImageCreateWithImageInRect([source CGImage], cutRect)]; NSArray *images = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:image1, image2, image3, image4, image5, image6, image7, image8, image9, image10, image11, image12, image12, image12, nil]; and this array I just use simply like : myUIImageView.animationImages = images, ... duration -> startAnimating

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  • Sitecore E-Commerce Module - Discount/Promotional Codes

    - by Zachary Kniebel
    I am working on a project for which I must use Sitecore's E-Commerce Module (and Sitecore 6.5 rev. 120706 - aka 'Update 5') to create a web-store. One of the features that I am trying to implement is a generic promotional/discount code system - customer enters a code at checkout which grants a discount like 'free shipping', '20% off', etc. At the moment, I am looking for some guidance (a high-level solution, a few pseudo-ideas, some references to review, etc) as to how this can be accomplished. Summary: What I am looking for is a way to detect whether or not the user entered a promo code at a previous stage in the checkout line, and to determine what that promo code is, if they did. Progress Thus Far: I have thoroughly reviewed all of the Sitecore E-Commerce Services (SES) documentation, especially "SES Order Line Extension" documentation (which I believe will have to be modified/extended in order to accomplish this task). Additionally, I have thoroughly reviewed the Sitecore Community article Extending Sitecore E-Commerce - Pricing and believe that it may be a useful guide for applying a discount statically, but does not say much in the way of applying a discount dynamically. After reviewing these documents, I have come up with the following possible high-level solution to start from: I create a template to represent a promotional code, which holds all data relevant to the promotion (percent off, free shipping, code, etc). I then create another template (based on the Product Search Group template) that holds a link to an item within a global "Promotional Code" items folder. Next, I use the Product Search Group features of my new template to choose which products to apply the discount to. In the source code for the checkout I create a class that checks if a code has been entered and, if so, somehow carry it through the rest of the checkout process. This is where I get stuck. More Details: No using cookies No GET requests No changing/creating/deleting items in the Sitecore Database during the checkout process (e.g., no manipulation of fields of a discount item during checkout to signal that the discount has been applied) must stay within the scope of C# Last Notes: I will update this post with any more information that I find/progress that I make. I upgrade all answers that are relevant and detailed, thought-provoking, or otherwise useful to me and potentially useful to others, in addition to any high-level answers that serve as a feasible solution to this problem; even if your idea doesn't help me, if I think it will help someone else I will still upgrade it. Thanks, in advance, for all your help! :)

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  • php imap save massage to sent folder after sending

    - by user1108279
    I am stucked with this for two days. I am trying to use imap_append from PHP but no luck so far. I was able to to implement this code for single attachment but multiple attachments not working. <?php $authhost="{000.000.000.000:993/validate-cert/ssl}Sent"; $user="sadasd"; $pass="sadasd"; if ($mbox=imap_open( $authhost, $user, $pass)) { $dmy=date("d-M-Y H:i:s"); $filename="filename.pdf"; $attachment = chunk_split(base64_encode($filestring)); $boundary = "------=".md5(uniqid(rand())); $msg = ("From: Somebody\r\n" . "To: [email protected]\r\n" . "Date: $dmy\r\n" . "Subject: This is the subject\r\n" . "MIME-Version: 1.0\r\n" . "Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=\"$boundary\"\r\n" . "\r\n\r\n" . "--$boundary\r\n" . "Content-Type: text/html;\r\n\tcharset=\"ISO-8859-1\"\r\n" . "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit \r\n" . "\r\n\r\n" . "Hello this is a test\r\n" . "\r\n\r\n" . "--$boundary\r\n" . "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n" . "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"$filename\"\r\n" . "\r\n" . $attachment . "\r\n" . "\r\n\r\n\r\n" . "--$boundary--\r\n\r\n"); imap_append($mbox,$authhost,$msg); imap_close($mbox); } else { echo "<h1>FAIL!</h1>\n"; } ?> Now that raw code above is working but I am unable to add multiple attachments. In some cases I got message body base64 decoded and in message body lot of strange letters. Something like R0lGODlhkAEfAOYAAPSeZPONtdSIu+u2vv/La+5Rj8AhYPvWhOjtkfvi7MRImcjYse5DM6O+dOnl ..... I search all the web i still got no luck. Since I have dedicated server I also tried to implement some procmail+ postfix examples but also no luck. Can someone help?

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  • Internet Explorer 8 + Deflate

    - by Andreas Bonini
    I have a very weird problem.. I really do hope someone has an answer because I wouldn't know where else to ask. I am writing a cgi application in C++ which is executed by Apache and outputs HTML code. I am compressing the HTML output myself - from within my C++ application - since my web host doesn't support mod_deflate for some reason. I tested this with Firefox 2, Firefox 3, Opera 9, Opera 10, Google Chrome, Safari, IE6, IE7, IE8, even wget.. It works with ANYTHING except IE8. IE8 just says "Internet Explorer cannot display the webpage", with no information whatsoever. I know it's because of the compression only because it works if I disable it. Do you know what I'm doing wrong? I use zlib to compress it, and the exact code is: /* Compress it */ int compressed_output_size = content.length() + (content.length() * 0.2) + 16; char *compressed_output = (char *)Alloc(compressed_output_size); int compressed_output_length; Compress(compressed_output, compressed_output_size, (void *)content.c_str(), content.length(), &compressed_output_length); /* Send the compressed header */ cout << "Content-Encoding: deflate\r\n"; cout << boost::format("Content-Length: %d\r\n") % compressed_output_length; cgiHeaderContentType("text/html"); cout.write(compressed_output, compressed_output_length); static void Compress(void *to, size_t to_size, void *from, size_t from_size, int *final_size) { int ret; z_stream stream; stream.zalloc = Z_NULL; stream.zfree = Z_NULL; stream.opaque = Z_NULL; if ((ret = deflateInit(&stream, CompressionSpeed)) != Z_OK) COMPRESSION_ERROR("deflateInit() failed: %d", ret); stream.next_out = (Bytef *)to; stream.avail_out = (uInt)to_size; stream.next_in = (Bytef *)from; stream.avail_in = (uInt)from_size; if ((ret = deflate(&stream, Z_NO_FLUSH)) != Z_OK) COMPRESSION_ERROR("deflate() failed: %d", ret); if (stream.avail_in != 0) COMPRESSION_ERROR("stream.avail_in is not 0 (it's %d)", stream.avail_in); if ((ret = deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH)) != Z_STREAM_END) COMPRESSION_ERROR("deflate() failed: %d", ret); if ((ret = deflateEnd(&stream)) != Z_OK) COMPRESSION_ERROR("deflateEnd() failed: %d", ret); if (final_size) *final_size = stream.total_out; return; }

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  • How To Send A Confirmation Number To Others And Myself?

    - by user2913307
    On my website I have a reservation form. Once someone clicks submit a confirmation number comes up (that number is different everytime). I get an e-mail with everything the person filled out on my reservation form but I want to know their confirmation number as well. RANDOM NUMBER CODE $(document).ready(function() { var ranval = Math.floor((Math.random()*10000)+1); $('input[name=lblrand]').val(ranval); // bind 'myForm' and provide a simple callback function $('#myForm').ajaxForm(function() { alert("Your Message has been sent!Your Form Registration Number is: "+ ranval); $('#myForm').resetForm(); WHAT GETS E-MAILED TO ME $('#rSubmit').click(function(){ var data = {}; data.to = "[email protected]"; data.from = "[email protected]>"; data.subject = "New Reservation"; data.message = "New Reservation from Website \n"+ '\n First Name : '+$('#name').val()+ '\n Last Name : '+$('#lastname').val() + '\n Confirmation : '+$('#lblrand').val () + '\n Coupon Code : '+$('#coupon').val() + '\n Company Name : '+$('#company').val() + '\n Phone Number : '+$('#phone').val() + '\n Street Address : '+$('#street').val() + '\n Pick-Up City : '+$('#city').val()+ '\n Pick-Up State : '+$('#state').val() + '\n Pick-Up Zip : '+$('#zip').val() + '\n Date : '+$('#calendar').val()+ '\n Time : '+$('#time').val() + '\n Time : '+$('#time2').val() + '\n Time : '+$('#time3').val() + '\n Airport : '+$('#airport').val() + '\n Airline : '+$('#airline').val() + '\n Flight # : '+$('#fnumber').val() + '\n Stops : '+$('#hstops').val() + '\n Stops Info : '+$('#info').val() + '\n Passengers : '+$('#passengers').val() + '\n Luggages : '+$('#luggages').val()+ '\n Car Seat : '+$('#seat').val()+ '\n Drop-Off Street : '+$('#dostreet').val() + '\n Drop-Off City : '+$('#docity').val()+ '\n Drop-Off State : '+$('#dostate').val() + '\n Drop-Off Zip : '+$('#dozip').val() + '\n D.O Airport : '+$('#doairport').val() + '\n D.O Airline : '+$('#doairline').val() + '\n Flight # : '+$('#dofnumber').val() + '\n Date : '+$('#calendar2').val()+ '\n Time : '+$('#rtime').val() + '\n Time : '+$('#rtime2').val() + '\n Time : '+$('#rtime3').val() + '\n Return Street : '+$('#rtstreet').val() + '\n Return City : '+$('#rtcity').val()+ '\n Return State : '+$('#rtstate').val() + '\n Return Zip : '+$('#rtzip').val() + '\n Return Airport : '+$('#rtairport').val() + '\n Return Airline : '+$('#rtairline').val() + '\n Return Flight # : '+$('#rtfnumber').val() + '\n Payment Type : '+$('#payment').val() + '\n Card Number : '+$('#creditcardno').val() + '\n Exp. Date : '+$('#expirydate').val() + '\n Exp. Date : '+$('#expirydate2').val() ; Also, if there is a way when this information gets e-mailed to me if I can put it in a table so it could come up more organized. Any help, tips, advice is appreciated. ALSO, check out my website and the form for yourself at http://www.greatlimoservice.com

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  • Question about POP3 message termination octet

    - by user361633
    This is from the POP3 RFC. "Responses to certain commands are multi-line. In these cases, which are clearly indicated below, after sending the first line of the response and a CRLF, any additional lines are sent, each terminated by a CRLF pair. When all lines of the response have been sent, a final line is sent, consisting of a termination octet (decimal code 046, ".") and a CRLF pair. If any line of the multi-line response begins with the termination octet, the line is "byte-stuffed" by pre-pending the termination octet to that line of the response. Hence a multi-line response is terminated with the five octets "CRLF.CRLF". When examining a multi-line response, the client checks to see if the line begins with the termination octet. If so and if octets other than CRLF follow, the first octet of the line (the termination octet) is stripped away. If so and if CRLF immediately follows the termination character, then the response from the POP server is ended and the line containing ".CRLF" is not considered part of the multi-line response." Well, i have problem with this, for example gmail sometimes sends the termination octet and then in the NEXT LINE sends the CRLF pair. For example: "+OK blah blah" "blah blah." "\r\n" That's very rare, but it happens sometimes, so obviously i'm unable to determine the end of the message in such case, because i'm expecting a line that consists of '.\r\n'. Seriously, is Gmail violating the POP3 protocol or i'm doing something wrong? Also i have a second question, english is not my first language so i cannot understand that completely: "If any line of the multi-line response begins with the termination octet, the line is "byte-stuffed" by pre-pending the termination octet to that line of the response. Hence a multi-line response is terminated with the five octets "CRLF.CRLF"." When exactly CRLF.CRLF is used? Can someone gives me a simple example? The rfc says that is used when any line of the response begins with the termination octet. But i don't see any lines that starts with '.' in the messages that are terminated with CRLF.CRLF. I checked that. Maybe i don't understand something, that's why i'm asking.

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  • Newbie - what do I need to do with httpd.conf to make CakePHP work correctly?

    - by EmmyS
    (Not sure if this belongs here or on webmasters; please move if necessary.) I'm a total newbie to Cake and not much better with apache; I've done a lot of PHP but always with a server that's already been set up by someone else. So I'm going through the basic blog tutorial, and it says: A Note On mod_rewrite Occasionally a new user will run in to mod_rewrite issues, so I'll mention them marginally here. If the Cake welcome page looks a little funny (no images or css styles), it probably means mod_rewrite isn't functioning on your system. Here are some tips to help get you up and running: Make sure that an .htaccess override is allowed: in your httpd.conf, you should have a section that defines a section for each Directory on your server. Make sure the AllowOverride is set to All for the correct Directory. Make sure you are editing the system httpd.conf rather than a user- or site-specific httpd.conf. For some reason or another, you might have obtained a copy of CakePHP without the needed .htaccess files. This sometimes happens because some operating systems treat files that start with '.' as hidden, and don't copy them. Make sure your copy of CakePHP is from the downloads section of the site or our SVN repository. Make sure you are loading up mod_rewrite correctly! You should see something like LoadModule rewrite_module libexec/httpd/mod_rewrite.so and AddModule mod_rewrite.c in your httpd.conf." I'm using XAMPP on linux. I've found my httpd.conf file in opt/lampp/ etc, but am not sure what I need to do with it. I've searched for "rewrite", and there's only one line: LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so There's nothing about AddModule mod_rewrite.c. Do I just create a Directory section for the directory I've installed Cake in and set AlllowOverride to All? (I created a separate subdirectory of my wwwroot and installed in there, since I also have installs of Joomla and CodeIgniter.) Is there anything else I need to do? My download of Cake did come with two htaccess-type files (._.htaccess and .htaccess) - do I need to do anything with them? Thanks for any help you can provide to this non-server-admin. EDIT TO ADD virtual host sample: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com ServerName dummy-host.example.com ServerAlias www.dummy-host.example.com ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common </VirtualHost>

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  • MODX parse error function implode (is it me or modx?)

    - by Ian
    Hi, I cannot for the life of me figure this out, maybe someone can help. Using MODX a form takes user criteria to create a filter and return a list of documents. The form is one text field and a few checkboxes. If both text field and checkbox data is posted, the function works fine; if just the checkbox data is posted the function works fine; but if just the text field data is posted, modx gives me the following error: Error: implode() [function.implode]: Invalid arguments passed. I've tested this outside of modx with flat files and it all works fine leading me to assume a bug exists within modx. But I'm not convinced. Here's my code: <?php $order = array('price ASC'); //default sort order if(!empty($_POST['tour_finder_duration'])){ //duration submitted $days = htmlentities($_POST['tour_finder_duration']); //clean up post array_unshift($order,"duration DESC"); //add duration sort before default $filter[] = 'duration,'.$days.',4'; //add duration to filter[] (field,criterion,mode) $criteria[] = 'Number of days: <strong>'.$days.'</strong>'; //displayed on results page } if(!empty($_POST['tour_finder_dests'])){ //destination/s submitted $dests = $_POST['tour_finder_dests']; foreach($dests as $value){ //iterate through dests array $filter[] = 'searchDests,'.htmlentities($value).',7'; //add dests to filter[] $params['docid'] = $value; $params['field'] = 'pagetitle'; $pagetitle = $modx->runSnippet('GetField',$params); $dests_array[] = '<a href="[~'.$value.'~]" title="Read more about '.$pagetitle.'" class="tourdestlink">'.$pagetitle.'</a>'; } $dests_array = implode(', ',$dests_array); $criteria[] = 'Destinations: '.$dests_array; //displayed on results page } if(is_array($filter)){ $filter = implode('|',$filter);//pipe-separated string } if(is_array($order)){ $order = implode(',',$order);//comma-separated string } if(is_array($criteria)){ $criteria = implode('<br />',$criteria); } echo '<br />Order: '.$order.'<br /> Filter: '.$filter.'<br /> Criteria: '.$criteria; //next: extract docs using $filter and $order, display user's criteria using $criteria... ?> The echo statement is displayed above the MODX error message and the $filter array is correctly imploded. Any help will save my computer from flying out the window. Thanks

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  • What makes a Winform position initially stale?

    - by msorens
    The code below demonstrates a very simple problem; I am hoping that I am just missing a setting that someone might be able to reveal. Goal (1) Launch main winform (MainForm). (2) Press button to display secondary winform (ShadowForm) that is semi-transparent and should exactly overlay MainForm. What Actually Happens Scenario 1: Launch main winform then press button: ShadowForm displays with correct size but incorrect location, lower and to the right (as if it was cascaded). Press button to close ShadowForm again. Press button once more to reopen ShadowForm and now it is in the correct position, covering MainForm. Scenario 2: Launch main winform, move it around, then press button: ShadowForm displays with correct size but incorrect location (where the MainForm was before moving it). Press button to close; press again to reopen and now ShadowForm is in the correct position. using System; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace LocationTest { static class Program { static void Main() { Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); Application.Run(new MainForm()); } } public class MainForm : Form { ShadowForm shadowForm = new ShadowForm(); Button button1 = new Button(); System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null; public MainForm() { this.SuspendLayout(); this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(102, 44); this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23); this.button1.Text = "button1"; this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click); this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 266); this.Controls.Add(this.button1); this.ResumeLayout(false); } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (shadowForm.Visible) { shadowForm.Hide(); } else { shadowForm.Size = Size; // this always works shadowForm.Location = Location; // this fails first time, but works second time! shadowForm.Show(); } } protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing && (components != null)) { components.Dispose(); } base.Dispose(disposing); } } public class ShadowForm : Form { private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null; public ShadowForm() { this.SuspendLayout(); this.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black; this.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.None; this.Opacity = 0.5; this.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.ShadowForm_Click); this.ResumeLayout(false); } private void ShadowForm_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Hide(); } protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing && (components != null)) { components.Dispose(); } base.Dispose(disposing); } } }

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  • ASP.NET Application Level vs. Session Level and Global.asax...confused

    - by contactmatt
    The following text is from the book I'm reading, 'MCTS Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-515) Web Applications Development with ASP.NET 4". It gives the rundown of the Application Life Cycle. A user first makes a request for a page in your site. The request is routed to the processing pipeline, which forwards it to the ASP.NET runtime. The ASP.NET runtime creates an instance of the ApplicationManager class; this class instance represents the .NET framework domain that will be used to execute requests for your application. An application domain isolates global variables from other applications and allows each application to load and unload separately, as required. After the application domain has been created, an instance of the HostingEnvironment class is created. This class provides access to items inside the hosting environment, such as directory folders. ASP.NET creates instances of the core objects that will be used to process the request. This includes HttpContext, HttpRequest, and HttpResponse objects. ASP.NET creates an instance of the HttpApplication class (or an instance is reused). This class is also the base class for a site’s Global.asax file. You can use this class to trap events that happen when your application starts or stops. When ASP.NET creates an instance of HttpApplication, it also creates the modules configured for the application, such as the SessionStateModule. Finally, ASP.NET processes request through the HttpApplication pipleline. This pipeline also includes a set of events for validating requests, mapping URLs, accessing the cache, and more. The book then demonstrated an example of using the Global.asax file: <script runat="server"> void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { Application["UsersOnline"] = 0; } void Session_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { Application.Lock(); Application["UsersOnline"] = (int)Application["UsersOnline"] + 1; Application.UnLock(); } void Session_End(object sender, EventArgs e) { Application.Lock(); Application["UsersOnline"] = (int)Application["UsersOnline"] - 1; Application.UnLock(); } </script> When does an application start? Whats the difference between session and application level? I'm rather confused on how this is managed. I thought that Application level classes "sat on top of" an AppDomain object, and the AppDomain contained information specific to that Session for that user. Could someone please explain how IIS manages Applicaiton level classes, and how an HttpApplication class sits under an AppDomain? Anything is appreciated.

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  • vector related memory allocation question

    - by memC
    hi all, I am encountering the following bug. I have a class Foo . Instances of this class are stored in a std::vector vec of class B. in class Foo, I am creating an instance of class A by allocating memory using new and deleting that object in ~Foo(). the code compiles, but I get a crash at the runtime. If I disable delete my_a from desstructor of class Foo. The code runs fine (but there is going to be a memory leak). Could someone please explain what is going wrong here and suggest a fix? thank you! class A{ public: A(int val); ~A(){}; int val_a; }; A::A(int val){ val_a = val; }; class Foo { public: Foo(); ~Foo(); void createA(); A* my_a; }; Foo::Foo(){ createA(); }; void Foo::createA(){ my_a = new A(20); }; Foo::~Foo(){ delete my_a; }; class B { public: vector<Foo> vec; void createFoo(); B(){}; ~B(){}; }; void B::createFoo(){ vec.push_back(Foo()); }; int main(){ B b; int i =0; for (i = 0; i < 5; i ++){ std::cout<<"\n creating Foo"; b.createFoo(); std::cout<<"\n Foo created"; } std::cout<<"\nDone with Foo creation"; std::cout << "\nPress RETURN to continue..."; std::cin.get(); return 0; }

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  • Rewriting Live TCP/IP (Layer 4) (i.e. Socket Layer) Streams

    - by user213060
    I have a simple problem which I'm sure someone here has done before... I want to rewrite Layer 4 TCP/IP streams (Not lower layer individual packets or frames.) Ettercap's etterfilter command lets you perform simple live replacements of Layer 4 TCP/IP streams based on fixed strings or regexes. Example ettercap scripting code: if (ip.proto == TCP && tcp.dst == 80) { if (search(DATA.data, "gzip")) { replace("gzip", " "); msg("whited out gzip\n"); } } if (ip.proto == TCP && tcp.dst == 80) { if (search(DATA.data, "deflate")) { replace("deflate", " "); msg("whited out deflate\n"); } } http://ettercap.sourceforge.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2833 I would like to rewrite streams based on my own filter program instead of just simple string replacements. Anyone have an idea of how to do this? Is there anything other than Ettercap that can do live replacement like this, maybe as a plugin to a VPN software or something? I would like to have a configuration similar to ettercap's silent bridged sniffing configuration between two Ethernet interfaces. This way I can silently filter traffic coming from either direction with no NATing problems. Note that my filter is an application that acts as a pipe filter, similar to the design of unix command-line filters: >[eth0] <----------> [my filter] <----------> [eth1]< What I am already aware of, but are not suitable: Tun/Tap - Works at the lower packet layer, I need to work with the higher layer streams. Ettercap - I can't find any way to do replacements other than the restricted capabilities in the example above. Hooking into some VPN software? - I just can't figure out which or exactly how. libnetfilter_queue - Works with lower layer packets, not TCP/IP streams. Again, the rewriting should occur at the transport layer (Layer 4) as it does in this example, instead of a lower layer packet-based approach. Exact code will help immensely! Thanks!

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  • Paging & Sorting grids with ASP.Net MVC

    - by Scott Ivey
    I'm new to MVC, and am not following how you'd do paging and sorting on a grid. I'm used to using the asp.Net GridView control with an ObjectDataSource pointed at objects in our business layer - and in that case the ODS handles all of the paging & sorting using the methods that our ORM generates on the objects. I've looked at using the same ORM with MVC - and things work out fine there - i just loop thru the collections to build the table on the page - but without the ODS to handle the paging & sorting, i'm confused as to how I'd handle that. Would I have a separate controller for the paging and sorting? I'm not sure what the best practices are for this scenario, so if someone can point me in the right direction it would be much appreciated. Edit: Ok, so I understand that I need to roll my own - but where do I start? I've created a CustomerController, and a view that displays a table of customers that looks like below - and I want to sort on FirstName or LastName columns. My Model has a Sort() method on it that'll take a string sort expression in the format that would be used by a GridView/ODS pair. Would I create a new Action on my CustomerController called Sort, and put an ActionLink in my header? <table> <tr> <th> First Name </th> <th> Last Name </th> </tr> <% foreach (var item in Model) { %> <tr> <td> <%= Html.Encode(item.FirstName) %> </td> <td> <%= Html.Encode(item.LastName) %> </td> </tr> <% } %> </table>

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  • Chrome extension - Localstorage not working

    - by Bjarki Jonasson
    I'm writing a Chrome extension that uses a content script to modify certain parts of a website. The content script worked fine until I tried to add an options page to my extension. Right now I'm using an options.html file to save user preferences to localstorage, as you can see here: <html> <head><title>Options</title></head> <script type="text/javascript"> function save_options() { var select = document.getElementById("width"); var width = select.children[select.selectedIndex].value; localStorage["site_width"] = width; } function restore_options() { var fwidth = localStorage["site_width"]; if (!fwidth) { return; } var select = document.getElementById("width"); for (var i = 0; i < select.children.length; i++) { var child = select.children[i]; if (child.value == fwidth) { child.selected = "true"; break; } } } </script> <body onload="restore_options()"> Width: <select id="width"> <option value="100%">100%</option> <option value="90%">90%</option> <option value="80%">80%</option> <option value="70%">70%</option> </select> <br> <button onclick="save_options()">Save</button> </body> </html> I also have a background.html file to handle the communication between the content script and the localstorage: <html> <script type="text/javascript"> chrome.extension.onRequest.addListener(function(request, sender, sendResponse) { if (request.method == "siteWidth") sendResponse({status: localStorage["site_width"]}); else sendResponse({}); }); </script> </html> Then there's the actual content script that looks like this: var Width; chrome.extension.sendRequest({method: "siteWidth"}, function(response) { width = response.status; }); None of that code actually works. It looks solid enough to me but I'm not a very experienced programmer so I might be wrong. Could someone explain localstorage to me in layman's terms?

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  • Can I avoid a threaded UDP socket in Python dropping data?

    - by 666craig
    First off, I'm new to Python and learning on the job, so be gentle! I'm trying to write a threaded Python app for Windows that reads data from a UDP socket (thread-1), writes it to file (thread-2), and displays the live data (thread-3) to a widget (gtk.Image using a gtk.gdk.pixbuf). I'm using queues for communicating data between threads. My problem is that if I start only threads 1 and 3 (so skip the file writing for now), it seems that I lose some data after the first few samples. After this drop it looks fine. Even by letting thread 1 complete before running thread 3, this apparent drop is still there. Apologies for the length of code snippet (I've removed the thread that writes to file), but I felt removing code would just prompt questions. Hope someone can shed some light :-) import socket import threading import Queue import numpy import gtk gtk.gdk.threads_init() import gtk.glade import pygtk class readFromUDPSocket(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, socketUDP, readDataQueue, packetSize, numScans): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.socketUDP = socketUDP self.readDataQueue = readDataQueue self.packetSize = packetSize self.numScans = numScans def run(self): for scan in range(1, self.numScans + 1): buffer = self.socketUDP.recv(self.packetSize) self.readDataQueue.put(buffer) self.socketUDP.close() print 'myServer finished!' class displayWithGTK(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, displayDataQueue, image, viewArea): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.displayDataQueue = displayDataQueue self.image = image self.viewWidth = viewArea[0] self.viewHeight = viewArea[1] self.displayData = numpy.zeros((self.viewHeight, self.viewWidth, 3), dtype=numpy.uint16) def run(self): scan = 0 try: while True: if not scan % self.viewWidth: scan = 0 buffer = self.displayDataQueue.get(timeout=0.1) self.displayData[:, scan, 0] = numpy.fromstring(buffer, dtype=numpy.uint16) self.displayData[:, scan, 1] = numpy.fromstring(buffer, dtype=numpy.uint16) self.displayData[:, scan, 2] = numpy.fromstring(buffer, dtype=numpy.uint16) gtk.gdk.threads_enter() self.myPixbuf = gtk.gdk.pixbuf_new_from_data(self.displayData.tostring(), gtk.gdk.COLORSPACE_RGB, False, 8, self.viewWidth, self.viewHeight, self.viewWidth * 3) self.image.set_from_pixbuf(self.myPixbuf) self.image.show() gtk.gdk.threads_leave() scan += 1 except Queue.Empty: print 'myDisplay finished!' pass def quitGUI(obj): print 'Currently active threads: %s' % threading.enumerate() gtk.main_quit() if __name__ == '__main__': # Create socket (IPv4 protocol, datagram (UDP)) and bind to address socketUDP = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) host = '192.168.1.5' port = 1024 socketUDP.bind((host, port)) # Data parameters samplesPerScan = 256 packetsPerSecond = 1200 packetSize = 512 duration = 1 # For now, set a fixed duration to log data numScans = int(packetsPerSecond * duration) # Create array to store data data = numpy.zeros((samplesPerScan, numScans), dtype=numpy.uint16) # Create queue for displaying from readDataQueue = Queue.Queue(numScans) # Build GUI from Glade XML file builder = gtk.Builder() builder.add_from_file('GroundVue.glade') window = builder.get_object('mainwindow') window.connect('destroy', quitGUI) view = builder.get_object('viewport') image = gtk.Image() view.add(image) viewArea = (1200, samplesPerScan) # Instantiate & start threads myServer = readFromUDPSocket(socketUDP, readDataQueue, packetSize, numScans) myDisplay = displayWithGTK(readDataQueue, image, viewArea) myServer.start() myDisplay.start() gtk.gdk.threads_enter() gtk.main() gtk.gdk.threads_leave() print 'gtk.main finished!'

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  • MySQL - Calculating fields on the fly vs storing calculated data

    - by Christian Varga
    Hi Everyone, I apologise if this has been asked before, but I can't seem to find an answer to a question that I have about calculating on the fly vs storing fields in a database. I read a few articles that suggested it was preferable to calculate when you can, but I would just like to know if that still applies to the following 2 examples. Example 1. Say you are storing data relating to a car. You store the fuel tank size in litres, and how many litres it uses per 100km. You also want to know how many KMs it can travel, which can be calculated from the tank size and economy. I see 2 ways of doing this: When a car is added or updated, calculate the amount of KMs and store this as a static field in the database. Every time a car is accessed, calculate the amount of KMs on the fly. Because the cars economy/tank size doesn't change (although it could be edited), the KMs is a pretty static value. I don't see why we would calculate it every single time the car is accessed. Wouldn't this waste cpu time as opposed to simply storing it in a separate field in the database and calculating only when a car is added or updated? My next example, which is almost an entirely different question (but on the same topic), relates to counting children. Let's say we have a app which has categories and items. We have a view where we display all the categories, and a count of all the items inside each category. Again, I'm wondering what's better. To perform a MySQL query to count all the items in each category every single time the page is accessed? Or store the count in a field in the categories table and update when an item is added / deleted? I know it is redundant to store anything that can be calculated, but I worry that calculating fields or counting records might be slow as opposed to storing the data in a field. If it's not then please let me know, I just want to learn about when to use either method. On a small scale I guess it wouldn't matter either way, but apps like Facebook, would they really count the amount of friends you have every time someone views your profile or would they just store it as a field? I'd appreciate any responses to both of these scenarios, and any resource that might explain the benefits of calculating vs storing. Thanks in advance, Christian

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  • How to download file into string with progress callback?

    - by Kaminari
    I would like to use the WebClient (or there is another better option?) but there is a problem. I understand that opening up the stream takes some time and this can not be avoided. However, reading it takes a strangely much more amount of time compared to read it entirely immediately. Is there a best way to do this? I mean two ways, to string and to file. Progress is my own delegate and it's working good. FIFTH UPDATE: Finally, I managed to do it. In the meantime I checked out some solutions what made me realize that the problem lies elsewhere. I've tested custom WebResponse and WebRequest objects, library libCURL.NET and even Sockets. The difference in time was gzip compression. Compressed stream lenght was simply half the normal stream lenght and thus download time was less than 3 seconds with the browser. I put some code if someone will want to know how i solved this: (some headers are not needed) public static string DownloadString(string URL) { WebClient client = new WebClient(); client.Headers["User-Agent"] = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/532.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/4.1.249.1045 Safari/532.5"; client.Headers["Accept"] = "application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5"; client.Headers["Accept-Encoding"] = "gzip,deflate,sdch"; client.Headers["Accept-Charset"] = "ISO-8859-2,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3"; Stream inputStream = client.OpenRead(new Uri(URL)); MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(); const int size = 32 * 4096; byte[] buffer = new byte[size]; if (client.ResponseHeaders["Content-Encoding"] == "gzip") { inputStream = new GZipStream(inputStream, CompressionMode.Decompress); } int count = 0; do { count = inputStream.Read(buffer, 0, size); if (count > 0) { memoryStream.Write(buffer, 0, count); } } while (count > 0); string result = Encoding.Default.GetString(memoryStream.ToArray()); memoryStream.Close(); inputStream.Close(); return result; } I think that asyncro functions will be almost the same. But i will simply use another thread to fire this function. I dont need percise progress indication.

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  • asp.net mvc radio button state

    - by Josh Bush
    I'm trying out asp.net mvc for a new project, and I ran across something odd. When I use the MVC UI helpers for textboxes, the values get persisted between calls. But, when I use a series of radio buttons, the checked state doesn't get persisted. Here's an example from my view. <li> <%=Html.RadioButton("providerType","1")%><label>Hospital</label> <%=Html.RadioButton("providerType","2")%><label>Facility</label> <%=Html.RadioButton("providerType","3")%><label>Physician</label> </li> When the form gets posted back, I build up an object with "ProviderType" as one of it's properties. The value on the object is getting set, and then I RedirectToAction with the provider as a argument. All is well, and I end up at a URL like "http://localhost/Provider/List?ProviderType=1" with ProviderType showing. The value gets persisted to the URL, but the UI helper isn't picking up the checked state. I'm having this problem with listbox, dropdownlist, and radiobutton. Textboxes pick up the values just fine. Do you see something I'm doing wrong? I'm assuming that the helpers will do this for me, but maybe I'll just have to take care of this on my own. I'm just feeling my way through this, so your input is appreciated. Edit: I just found the override for the SelectList constructor that takes a selected value. That took care of my dropdown issue I mentioned above. Edit #2: I found something that works, but it pains me to do it this way. I feel like this should be inferred. <li> <%=Html.RadioButton("ProviderType","1",Request["ProviderType"]=="1")%><label>Hospital</label> <%=Html.RadioButton("ProviderType", "2", Request["ProviderType"] == "2")%><label>Facility</label> <%=Html.RadioButton("ProviderType", "3", Request["ProviderType"] == "3")%><label>Physician</label> </li> Hopefully someone will come up with another way.

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  • POST parameters strangely parsed inside phantomjs

    - by user61629
    I am working with PHP/CURL and would like to send POST data to my phantomjs script, by setting the postfields array below: In my php controller I have: $data=array('first' => 'John', 'last' => 'Smith'); $url='http://localhost:7788/'; $output = $this->my_model->get_data($url,$data); In my php model I have: public function get_data($url,$postFieldArray) { $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, $cookieFile); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, TRUE); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, TRUE); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0)"); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, TRUE); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postFieldArray); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); $output = curl_exec($ch); In my phantomJS script that I am running locally I have: // import the webserver module, and create a server var server = require('webserver').create(); var port = require('system').env.PORT || 7788; console.log("Start Application"); console.log("Listen port " + port); // Create serever and listen port server.listen(port, function(request, response) { // Print some information Just for debbug console.log("We got some requset !!!"); console.log("request method: ", request.method); // request.method POST or GET if(request.method == 'POST' ){ console.log("POST params should be next: "); console.log("POST params: ",request.post); exit; } I first start and run the phantomjs script (myscript.js) from the command line, then I run my php script. The output is: $ phantomjs.exe myscript.js Start Application Listen port 7788 null We got some requset !!! request method: POST POST params should be next: POST params: ------------------------------e70d439800f9 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="first" John ------------------------------e70d439800f9 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="last" Smith ------------------------------e70d439800f9-- I'm confused about the the output. I was expecting something more like: first' => 'John', 'last' => 'Smith Can someone explain why it looks this way? How can I parse the request.post object to assign to variables inside myscript.js

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  • .NET datetime issue with SQL stored procedure

    - by DanO
    I am getting the below error when executing my application on a Windows XP machine with .NET 2.0 installed. On my computer Windows 7 .NET 2.0 - 3.5 I am not having any issues. The target SQL server version is 2005. This error started occurring when I added the datetime to the stored procedure. I have been reading alot about using .NET datetime with SQL datetime and I still have not figured this out. If someone can point me in the right direction I would appreciate it. Here is the where I believe the error is coming from. private static void InsertRecon(string computerName, int EncryptState, TimeSpan FindTime, Int64 EncryptSize, DateTime timeWritten) { SqlConnection DBC = new SqlConnection("server=server;UID=InventoryServer;Password=pass;database=Inventory;connection timeout=30"); SqlCommand CMD = new SqlCommand(); try { CMD.Connection = DBC; CMD.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; CMD.CommandText = "InsertReconData"; CMD.Parameters.Add("@CNAME", SqlDbType.NVarChar); CMD.Parameters.Add("@ENCRYPTEXIST", SqlDbType.Int); CMD.Parameters.Add("@RUNTIME", SqlDbType.Time); CMD.Parameters.Add("@ENCRYPTSIZE", SqlDbType.BigInt); CMD.Parameters.Add("@TIMEWRITTEN", SqlDbType.DateTime); CMD.Parameters["@CNAME"].Value = computerName; CMD.Parameters["@ENCRYPTEXIST"].Value = EncryptState; CMD.Parameters["@RUNTIME"].Value = FindTime; CMD.Parameters["@ENCRYPTSIZE"].Value = EncryptSize; CMD.Parameters["@TIMEWRITTEN"].Value = timeWritten; DBC.Open(); CMD.ExecuteNonQuery(); } catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException e) { PostMessage(e.Message); } finally { DBC.Close(); CMD.Dispose(); DBC.Dispose(); } } Unhandled Exception: System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException: The SqlDbType enumeration value, 32, is invalid. Parameter name: SqlDbType at System.Data.SqlClient.MetaType.GetMetaTypeFromSqlDbType(SqlDbType target) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlParameter.set_SqlDbType(SqlDbType value) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlParameter..ctor(String parameterName, SqlDbType dbType) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlParameterCollection.Add(String parameterName, SqlDbType sqlDbType) at ReconHelper.getFilesInfo.InsertRecon(String computerName, Int32 EncryptState, TimeSpan FindTime, Int64 EncryptSize, DateTime timeWritten) at ReconHelper.getFilesInfo.Main(String[] args)

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  • Java: Detecting image formate - resize (scale) and save as JPEG

    - by BoDiE2003
    This is the code I have, it actually works, not perfectly but it does, the problem is that the resized thumbnails are not pasting on the white Drawn rectangle, breaking the images aspect ratio, here is the code, could someone suggest me a fix for it, please? Thank you import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.RenderingHints; import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.BufferedInputStream; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; public class ImageScalerImageIoImpl implements ImageScaler { private static final String OUTPUT_FORMAT_ID = "jpeg"; // Re-scaling image public byte[] scaleImage(byte[] originalImage, int targetWidth, int targetHeight) { try { InputStream imageStream = new BufferedInputStream( new ByteArrayInputStream(originalImage)); Image image = (Image) ImageIO.read(imageStream); int thumbWidth = targetWidth; int thumbHeight = targetHeight; // Make sure the aspect ratio is maintained, so the image is not skewed double thumbRatio = (double)thumbWidth / (double)thumbHeight; int imageWidth = image.getWidth(null); int imageHeight = image.getHeight(null); double imageRatio = (double)imageWidth / (double)imageHeight; if (thumbRatio < imageRatio) { thumbHeight = (int)(thumbWidth / imageRatio); } else { thumbWidth = (int)(thumbHeight * imageRatio); } // Draw the scaled image BufferedImage thumbImage = new BufferedImage(thumbWidth, thumbHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); System.out.println("Thumb width Buffered: " + thumbWidth + " || Thumb height Buffered: " + thumbHeight); Graphics2D graphics2D = thumbImage.createGraphics(); // Use of BILNEAR filtering to enable smooth scaling graphics2D.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR); // graphics2D.drawImage(image, 0, 0, thumbWidth, thumbHeight, null); // White Background graphics2D.setPaint(Color.WHITE); graphics2D.fill(new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, targetWidth, targetHeight)); graphics2D.fillRect(0, 0, targetWidth, targetHeight); System.out.println("Target width: " + targetWidth + " || Target height: " + targetHeight); // insert the resized thumbnail between X and Y of the image graphics2D.drawImage(image, 0, 0, thumbWidth, thumbHeight, null); System.out.println("Thumb width: " + thumbWidth + " || Thumb height: " + thumbHeight); // Write the scaled image to the outputstream ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); ImageIO.write(thumbImage, OUTPUT_FORMAT_ID, out); return out.toByteArray(); } catch (IOException ioe) { throw new ImageResizingException(ioe); } } }

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  • Jumping into argv?

    - by jth
    Hi, I`am experimenting with shellcode and stumbled upon the nop-slide technique. I wrote a little tool that takes buffer-size as a parameter and constructs a buffer like this: [ NOP | SC | RET ], with NOP taking half of the buffer, followed by the shellcode and the rest filled with the (guessed) return address. Its very similar to the tool aleph1 described in his famous paper. My vulnerable test-app is the same as in his paper: int main(int argc, char **argv) { char little_array[512]; if(argc>1) strcpy(little_array,argv[1]); return 0; } I tested it and well, it works: jth@insecure:~/no_nx_no_aslr$ ./victim $(./exploit 604 0) $ exit But honestly, I have no idea why. Okay, the saved eip was overwritten as intended, but instead of jumping somewhere into the buffer, it jumped into argv, I think. gdb showed up the following addresses before strcpy() was called: (gdb) i f Stack level 0, frame at 0xbffff1f0: eip = 0x80483ed in main (victim.c:7); saved eip 0x154b56 source language c. Arglist at 0xbffff1e8, args: argc=2, argv=0xbffff294 Locals at 0xbffff1e8, Previous frame's sp is 0xbffff1f0 Saved registers: ebp at 0xbffff1e8, eip at 0xbffff1ec Address of little_array: (gdb) print &little_array[0] $1 = 0xbfffefe8 "\020" After strcpy(): (gdb) i f Stack level 0, frame at 0xbffff1f0: eip = 0x804840d in main (victim.c:10); saved eip 0xbffff458 source language c. Arglist at 0xbffff1e8, args: argc=-1073744808, argv=0xbffff458 Locals at 0xbffff1e8, Previous frame's sp is 0xbffff1f0 Saved registers: ebp at 0xbffff1e8, eip at 0xbffff1ec So, what happened here? I used a 604 byte buffer to overflow little_array, so he certainly overwrote saved ebp, saved eip and argc and also argv with the guessed address 0xbffff458. Then, after returning, EIP pointed at 0xbffff458. But little_buffer resides at 0xbfffefe8, that`s a difference of 1136 byte, so he certainly isn't executing little_array. I followed execution with the stepi command and well, at 0xbffff458 and onwards, he executes NOPs and reaches the shellcode. I'am not quite sure why this is happening. First of all, am I correct that he executes my shellcode in argv, not little_array? And where does the loader(?) place argv onto the stack? I thought it follows immediately after argc, but between argc and 0xbffff458, there is a gap of 620 bytes. How is it possible that he successfully "lands" in the NOP-Pad at Address 0xbffff458, which is way above the saved eip at 0xbffff1ec? Can someone clarify this? I have actually no idea why this is working. My test-machine is an Ubuntu 9.10 32-Bit Machine without ASLR. victim has an executable stack, set with execstack -s. Thanks in advance.

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  • WPF DataGrid, Help with Binding to a List<X> where each X has a Dictionary<Y,object> property.

    - by panamack
    I'm building an application which helps someone manage an event and works with data originating from Excel. I want to use the WPF Toolkit DataGrid to display the incoming data but can't guarantee how many Columns there are going to be or what information they will contain. I'd like to have an Info class that stores column information and have each Visitor at my Event own a Dictionary that uses shared references to Info objects for the keys. Here's the general gist: public class Info{ public string Name{get;set;} public int InfoType{get;set;} } public class Visitor{ public Dictionary<Info,object> VisitorInfo {get;set;} } public class Event{ public List<Visitor> Visitors{get;set;} public Event(){ Info i1 = new Info(){ Name = "ID", InfoType = 0};// type 0 for an id Info i2 = new Info(){ Name = "Name", InfoType = 1};// type 1 for a string Info i3 = new Info(){ Name = "City", InfoType = 1}; Visitor v1 = new Visitor(); v1.VisitorInfo.Add(i1, 0); v1.VisitorInfo.Add(i2, "Foo Harris"); v1.VisitorInfo.Add(i3, "Barsville"); Visitor v2 = new Visitor(); ... this.Visitors.Add(v1); this.Visitors.Add(v2); ... } } XAML: <!-- Window1.xaml --> ... <local:Event x:Key="MyEvent"/> ... <wpftk:DataGrid DataContext="{StaticResource MyEvent}" ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Visitors}" /> Disappointingly, DataGrid just sees a collection of Visitors each having a VisitorInfo property and displays one column called VisitorInfo with the string "(Collection)" once for each Visitor. As a workaround I've created a ListTVisitorToDataTableConverter that maps Infos to DataColumns and Visitors to DataRows and used it like this: <wpftk:DataGrid DataContext="{StaticResource Event}" ItemsSource{Binding Path=Visitors, Converter={StaticResource MySmellyListTVisitorToDataTableConverter}}" /> I don't think this is good though, I haven't started trying to convert back yet which I guess I'll need to do if I want to be able to edit any data! How can I do better? Thanks.

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  • Using $this when not in object context

    - by Ken
    I'm creating a function to show blog's. So I made a show blog function but it keeps giving "Using $this when not in object context" error Class Blog{ public function getLatestBlogsBig($cat = null){ $sqlString = "SELECT blog_id FROM jab_blog"; if($cat != null) $sqlString .= " WHERE blog_cat = " . $cat; $sqlString .= " ORDER BY blog_id DESC LIMIT 5"; $blog = mysql_query($sqlString); while($id = mysql_result($blog,"blog_id")){ $this->showBlog($id); //Error is on this line } } function showBlog($id,$small = false){ $sqlString = "SELECT blog_id FROM jab_blog WHERE blog_id=" . $id . ";"; $blog = mysql_query($sqlString); if($small = true){ echo "<ul>"; while($blogItem = mysql_fetch_array($blog)){ echo '<a href="' . $_SESSION['JAB_LINK'] . "blog/" . $blogItem['blog_id'] . "/" . SimpleUrl::toAscii($blogItem['blog_title']) .'">' . $blogItem['blog_title'] . '</a></li>'; } echo "</ul>"; }else{ while($blogItem = mysql_fetch_array($blog)){ ?> <div class="post"> <h2 class="title"><a href="<?php echo $_SESSION['JAB_LINK'] . "blog/" . $blogItem['blog_id'] . "/" . SimpleUrl::toAscii($blogItem['blog_title']);?>"><?php echo $blogItem['blog_title'];?></a></h2> <p class="meta"><span class="date">The date implement</span><span class="posted">Posted by <a href="#">Someone</a></span></p> <div style="clear: both;">&nbsp;</div> <div class="entry"> <?php echo $blogItem['blog_content'];?> </div> </div> <?php } } } }

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