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• Which reference provides your definition of "elegant" or "beautiful" code?

  - by Donnied

  This question is phrased in a very specific way - it asks for references. There was a similar question posted which was closed because it was considered a duplicate to a good code question. The Programmers FAQ points out that answers should have references - or its just an unproductive sharing of (seemingly) baseless opinions. There is a difference between shortest code and most elegant code. This becomes clear in several seminal texts: Dijkstra, E. W. (1972). The humble programmer. Communications of the ACM, 15(10), 859–866. Kernighan, B. W., & Plauger, P. J. (1974). Programming style: Examples and counterexamples. ACM Comput. Surv., 6(4), 303–319. Knuth, D. E. (1984). Literate programming. The Computer Journal, 27(2), 97–111. doi:10.1093/comjnl/27.2.97 They all note the importance of clarity over brevity. Kernighan & Plauger (1974) provide descriptions of "good" code, but "good code" is certainly not synonymous with "elegant". Knuth (1984) describes the impo rtance of exposition and "excellence of style" to elegant programs. He cites Hoare - who describes that code should be self documenting. Dijkstra (1972) indicates that beautiful programs optimize efficiency but are not opaque. This sort of conversation is qulaitatively different than a random sharing of opinions. Therefore, the question - Which reference provides your definition of "elegant" or "beautiful" code? "Which *reference*" is not subjective - anything else will most likely shut the thread down, so please supply *references* not opinions.

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• Cannot Delete a SQL job.

  - by Mustafa Kapasi

  Hi, I have disabled log shipping on a SQL 2005 database and deleted the log shipping DB on the secondary server. However i cannot delete the LSRestore_DB___ job, either by T-SQL (sp_delete_log_shipping_primary_secondary, sp_delete_job) or using the management studio on the secondary server. It just wont go. The query keeps on executing for a good 7 hours. Tried disabling, still doesn't delete. Restarted the server too. Also tried the Can anyone help me delete this SQL job please ? Many Thanks

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• reading job requirements

  - by Kaiynat Naz

  Hi Frins, I'd like to read an advertisement for the job through my program. Initially i am working on the templates provided by the microsoft word as "Job Description". Basically I have to extract the requirements of jobs like required education, skills or any development tools etc. I'd store these requirements in the database and then further use these in my application. Simply I dont know how to do this efficiently as I'd like to ignore articles, pronouns and so on... I am developing my application in VC#. Kindly help me... :'( Regards Kaiynat Naz

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• php background job cause exception on memory_limit

  - by user192344

  if i have a php background job, may need to run 4-5hours or more will it cause exception on memory_limit

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• CUPS basic auth error through web interface

  - by Inaimathi

  I'm trying to configure CUPS to allow remote administration through the web interface. There's enough documentation out there that I can figure out what to change in my cupsd.conf (changing Listen localhost:631 to Port 631, and adding Allow @LOCAL to the /, /admin and /admin/conf sections). I'm now at the point where I can see the CUPS interface from another machine on the same network. The trouble is, when I try to Add Printer, I'm asked for a username and password, but my response is rejected even when I know I've gotten it right (I assume it's asking for the username and password of someone in the lpadmin group on the server machine; I've sshed in with credentials its rejecting, and the user I'm using has been added to the lpadmin group). If I disable auth outright, by changing DefaultAuthType Basic to DefaultAuthType None, I get an "Unauthorized" error instead of a password request when I try to Add Printer. What am I doing wrong? Is there a way of letting users from the local network to administer the print server through the CUPS web interface? EDIT: By request, my complete cupsd.conf (spoiler: minimally edited default config file that comes with the edition of CUPS from the Debian wheezy repos): LogLevel warn MaxLogSize 0 SystemGroup lpadmin Port 631 # Listen localhost:631 Listen /var/run/cups/cups.sock Browsing On BrowseOrder allow,deny BrowseAllow all BrowseLocalProtocols CUPS dnssd # DefaultAuthType Basic DefaultAuthType None WebInterface Yes <Location /> Order allow,deny Allow @LOCAL </Location> <Location /admin> Order allow,deny Allow @LOCAL </Location> <Location /admin/conf> AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order allow,deny Allow @LOCAL </Location> # Set the default printer/job policies... <Policy default> # Job/subscription privacy... JobPrivateAccess default JobPrivateValues default SubscriptionPrivateAccess default SubscriptionPrivateValues default # Job-related operations must be done by the owner or an administrator... <Limit Create-Job Print-Job Print-URI Validate-Job> Order deny,allow </Limit> <Limit Send-Document Send-URI Hold-Job Release-Job Restart-Job Purge-Jobs Set-Job-Attributes Create-Job-Subscription Renew-Subscription Cancel-Subscription Get-Notifications Reprocess-Job Cancel-Current-Job Suspend-Current-Job Resume-Job Cancel-My-Jobs Close-Job CUPS-Move-Job CUPS-Get-Document> Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM Order deny,allow </Limit> # All administration operations require an administrator to authenticate... <Limit CUPS-Add-Modify-Printer CUPS-Delete-Printer CUPS-Add-Modify-Class CUPS-Delete-Class CUPS-Set-Default CUPS-Get-Devices> AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order deny,allow </Limit> # All printer operations require a printer operator to authenticate... <Limit Pause-Printer Resume-Printer Enable-Printer Disable-Printer Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Hold-New-Jobs Release-Held-New-Jobs Deactivate-Printer Activate-Printer Restart-Printer Shutdown-Printer Startup-Printer Promote-Job Schedule-Job-After Cancel-Jobs CUPS-Accept-Jobs CUPS-Reject-Jobs> AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order deny,allow </Limit> # Only the owner or an administrator can cancel or authenticate a job... <Limit Cancel-Job CUPS-Authenticate-Job> Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM Order deny,allow </Limit> <Limit All> Order deny,allow </Limit> </Policy> # Set the authenticated printer/job policies... <Policy authenticated> # Job/subscription privacy... JobPrivateAccess default JobPrivateValues default SubscriptionPrivateAccess default SubscriptionPrivateValues default # Job-related operations must be done by the owner or an administrator... <Limit Create-Job Print-Job Print-URI Validate-Job> AuthType Default Order deny,allow </Limit> <Limit Send-Document Send-URI Hold-Job Release-Job Restart-Job Purge-Jobs Set-Job-Attributes Create-Job-Subscription Renew-Subscription Cancel-Subscription Get-Notifications Reprocess-Job Cancel-Current-Job Suspend-Current-Job Resume-Job Cancel-My-Jobs Close-Job CUPS-Move-Job CUPS-Get-Document> AuthType Default Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM Order deny,allow </Limit> # All administration operations require an administrator to authenticate... <Limit CUPS-Add-Modify-Printer CUPS-Delete-Printer CUPS-Add-Modify-Class CUPS-Delete-Class CUPS-Set-Default> AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order deny,allow </Limit> # All printer operations require a printer operator to authenticate... <Limit Pause-Printer Resume-Printer Enable-Printer Disable-Printer Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Hold-New-Jobs Release-Held-New-Jobs Deactivate-Printer Activate-Printer Restart-Printer Shutdown-Printer Startup-Printer Promote-Job Schedule-Job-After Cancel-Jobs CUPS-Accept-Jobs CUPS-Reject-Jobs> AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order deny,allow </Limit> # Only the owner or an administrator can cancel or authenticate a job... <Limit Cancel-Job CUPS-Authenticate-Job> AuthType Default Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM Order deny,allow </Limit> <Limit All> Order deny,allow </Limit> </Policy>

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• Good reference for Cisco Resilient Ethernet Protocol

  - by Karthik

  I have been trying to understand Cisco's Resilient Ethernet Protocol, but am unable to find a proper source to read from. I checked the Cisco site and also their White Paper on REP. But none of them helped to understand REP clearly. Googling was also of not much help, as all I got was explanation about configuration instructions and not on the protocol itself. Can you guys point me to a good book or site, which explains Resilient Ethernet Protocol in detail? Thanks in advance.

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• return value (not a reference) from the function, bound to a const reference in the calling function

  - by brainydexter

  "If you return a value (not a reference) from the function, then bind it to a const reference in the calling function, its lifetime would be extended to the scope of the calling function." So: const BoundingBox Player::GetBoundingBox(void) { return BoundingBox( &GetBoundingSphere() ); } Returns a value of type const BoundingBox from function GetBoundingBox() Called function: (From within function Update() the following is called:) variant I: (Bind it to a const reference) const BoundingBox& l_Bbox = l_pPlayer->GetBoundingBox(); variant II: (Bind it to a const copy) const BoundingBox l_Bbox = l_pPlayer->GetBoundingBox(); Both work fine and I don't see the l_Bbox object going out of scope. (Though, I understand in variant one, the copy constructor is not called and thus is slightly better than variant II). Also, for comparison, I made the following changes. BoundingBox Player::GetBoundingBox(void) { return BoundingBox( &GetBoundingSphere() ); } with Variants: I BoundingBox& l_Bbox = l_pPlayer->GetBoundingBox(); and II: BoundingBox l_Bbox = l_pPlayer->GetBoundingBox(); The objet l_Bbox still does not out scope. So, I don't see how "bind it to a const reference in the calling function, its lifetime would be extended to the scope of the calling function", really extends the lifetime of the object to the scope of the calling function ? Am I missing something trivial here..please explain .. Thanks a lot

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• C# - Calling ToString() on a Reference Type

  - by nfplee

  Given two object arrays I need to compare the differences between the two (when converted to a string). I've reduced the code to the following and the problem still exists: public void Compare(object[] array1, object[] array2) { for (var i = 0; i < array1.Length; i++) { var value1 = GetStringValue(array1[i]); var value2 = GetStringValue(array2[i]); } } public string GetStringValue(object value) { return value != null && value.ToString() != string.Empty ? value.ToString() : ""; } The code executes fine no matter what object arrays I throw at it. However if one of the items in the array is a reference type then somehow the reference is updated. This causes issues later. It appears that this happens when calling ToString() against the object reference. I have updated the GetStringValue method to the following (which makes sure the object is either a value type or string) and the problem goes away. public string GetStringValue(object value) { return value != null && (value.GetType().IsValueType || value is string) && value.ToString() != string.Empty ? value.ToString() : ""; } However this is just a temporary hack as I'd like to be able to override the ToString() method on my reference types and compare them as well. I'd appreciate it if someone could explain why this is happening and offer a potential solution. Thanks

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• Failed at linking C++ [undefined reference boost::filesystem3 ... ]

  - by Pphax

  i'm having some troubles compiling my work, i'm using ubuntu with g++! i get a lot of these messages: undefined reference to `boost::filesystem3::directory_entry::m_get_status(boost::system::error_code*) const' undefined reference to `boost::filesystem3::path::extension() const' undefined reference to `boost::filesystem3::path::filename() const' undefined reference to `boost::filesystem3::path::filename() const' (etc...) I've searched and found maaany answers but none of those work for me. [...] -lboost_system (/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../../lib/libboost_system.so) -lboost_filesystem (/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../../lib/libboost_filesystem.so) [...] (when linking it shows those two libraries, i'm guessing the error is related to the second one. hax@lap:~$ locate libboost_filesystem.so /home/hax/boost_1_47_0/bin.v2/libs/filesystem/build/gcc-4.4.5/release/threading-multi/libboost_filesystem.so.1.47.0 /home/hax/boost_1_47_0/stage/lib/libboost_filesystem.so /home/hax/boost_1_47_0/stage/lib/libboost_filesystem.so.1.47.0 /usr/lib/libboost_filesystem.so /usr/lib/libboost_filesystem.so.1.42.0 /usr/local/lib/libboost_filesystem.so /usr/local/lib/libboost_filesystem.so.1.47.0 this is the related line on my makefile: -L. -L../bncsutil/src/bncsutil/ -L../StormLib/stormlib/ -L../boost/lib/ -lbncsutil -lpthread -ldl -lz -lStorm -lmysqlclient_r -lboost_date_time -lboost_thread -lboost_system -lboost_filesystem -Wl -t I tried pointing with -L several different places where i saw filesystem.so was located but it didn't work! Can anyone see the problem in those lines? if you need me to put some extra data i'll do it, i'm not seeing the problem :( Thanks :)

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• C++ reference variable again!!!

  - by kumar_m_kiran

  Hi All, I think most would be surprised about the topic again, However I am referring to a book "C++ Common Knowledge: Essential Intermediate Programming" written by "Stephen C. Dewhurst". In the book, he quotes a particular sentence (in section under Item 5. References Are Aliases, Not Pointers), which is as below A reference is an alias for an object that already exists prior to the initialization of the reference. Once a reference is initialized to refer to a particular object, it cannot later be made to refer to a different object; a reference is bound to its initializer for its whole lifetime Can anyone please explain the context of "cannot later be made to refer to a different object" Below code works for me, #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i = 100; int& ref = i; cout<<ref<<endl; int k = 2000; ref = k; cout<<ref<<endl; return 0; } Here I am referring the variable ref to both i and j variable. And the code works perfectly fine. Am I missing something? I have used SUSE10 64bit linux for testing my sample program. Thanks for your input in advance.

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• Reg Gets a Job at Red Gate (and what happens behind the scenes)

  - by red(at)work

  Mr Reg Gater works at one of Cambridge’s many high-tech companies. He doesn’t love his job, but he puts up with it because... well, it could be worse. Every day he drives to work around the Red Gate roundabout, wondering what his boss is going to blame him for today, and wondering if there could be a better job out there for him. By late morning he already feels like handing his notice in. He got the hacky look from his boss for being 5 minutes late, and then they ran out of tea. Again. He goes to the local sandwich shop for lunch, and picks up a Red Gate job menu and a Book of Red Gate while he’s waiting for his order. That night, he goes along to Cambridge Geek Nights and sees some very enthusiastic Red Gaters talking about the work they do; it sounds interesting and, of all things, fun. He takes a quick look at the job vacancies on the Red Gate website, and an hour later realises he’s still there – looking at videos, photos and people profiles. He especially likes the Red Gate’s Got Talent page, and is very impressed with Simon Johnson’s marathon time. He thinks that he’d quite like to work with such awesome people. It just so happens that Red Gate recently decided that they wanted to hire another hot shot team member. Behind the scenes, the wheels were set in motion: the recruitment team met with the hiring manager to understand exactly what they’re looking for, and to decide what interview tests to do, who will do the interviews, and to kick-start any interview training those people might need. Next up, a job description and job advert were written, and the job was put on the market. Reg applies, and his CV lands in the Recruitment team’s inbox and they open it up with eager anticipation that Reg could be the next awesome new starter. He looks good, and in a jiffy they’ve arranged an interview. Reg arrives for his interview, and is greeted by a smiley receptionist. She offers him a selection of drinks and he feels instantly relaxed. A couple of interviews and an assessment later, he gets a job offer. We make his day and he makes ours by accepting, and becoming one of the 60 new starters so far this year. Behind the scenes, things start moving all over again. The HR team arranges for a “Welcome” goodie box to be whisked out to him, prepares his contract, sends an email to Information Services (Or IS for short - we’ll come back to them), keeps in touch with Reg to make sure he knows what to expect on his first day, and of course asks him to fill in the all-important wiki questionnaire so his new colleagues can start to get to know him before he even joins. Meanwhile, the IS team see an email in SupportWorks from HR. They see that Reg will be starting in the sales team in a few days’ time, and they know exactly what to do. They pull out a new machine, and within minutes have used their automated deployment software to install every piece of software that a new recruit could ever need. They also check with Reg’s new manager to see if he has any special requirements that they could help with. Reg starts and is amazed to find a fully configured machine sitting on his desk, complete with stationery and all the other tools he’ll need to do his job. He feels even more cared for after he gets a workstation assessment, and realises he’d be comfier with an ergonomic keyboard and a footstool. They arrive minutes later, just like that. His manager starts him off on his induction and sales training. Along with job-specific training, he’ll also have a buddy to help him find his feet, and loads of pre-arranged demos and introductions. Reg settles in nicely, and is great at his job. He enjoys the canteen, and regularly eats one of the 40,000 meals provided each year. He gets used to the selection of teas that are available, develops a taste for champagne launch parties, and has his fair share of the 25,000 cups of coffee downed at Red Gate towers each year. He goes along to some Feel Good Fund events, and donates a little something to charity in exchange for a turn on the chocolate fountain. He’s looking a little scruffy, so he decides to get his hair cut in between meetings, just in time for the Red Gate birthday company photo. Reg starts a new project: identifying existing customers to up-sell to new bundles. He talks with the web team to generate lists of qualifying customers who haven’t recently been sent marketing emails, and sends emails out, using a new in-house developed tool to schedule follow-up calls in CRM for the same group. The customer responds, saying they’d like to upgrade but are having a licensing problem – Reg sends the issue to Support, and it gets routed to the web team. The team identifies a workaround, and the bug gets scheduled into the next maintenance release in a fortnight’s time (hey; they got lucky). With all the new stuff Reg is working on, he realises that he’d be way more efficient if he had a third monitor. He speaks to IS and they get him one - no argument. He also needs a test machine and then some extra memory. Done. He then thinks he needs an iPad, and goes to ask for one. He gets told to stop pushing his luck. Some time later, Reg’s wife has a baby, so Reg gets 2 weeks of paid paternity leave and a bunch of flowers sent to his house. He signs up to the childcare scheme so that he doesn’t have to pay National Insurance on the first £243 of his childcare. The accounts team makes it all happen seamlessly, as they did with his Give As You Earn payments, which come out of his wages and go straight to his favorite charity. Reg’s sales career is going well. He’s grateful for the help that he gets from the product support team. How do they answer all those 900-ish support calls so effortlessly each month? He’s impressed with the patches that are sent out to customers who find “interesting behavior” in their tools, and to the customers who just must have that new feature. A little later in his career at Red Gate, Reg decides that he’d like to learn about management. He goes on some management training specially customised for Red Gate, joins the Management Book Club, and gets together with other new managers to brainstorm how to get the most out of one to one meetings with his team. Reg decides to go for a game of Foosball to celebrate his good fortune with his team, and has to wait for Finance to finish. While he’s waiting, he reflects on the wonderful time he’s had at Red Gate. He can’t put his finger on what it is exactly, but he knows he’s on to a good thing. All of the stuff that happened to Reg didn’t just happen magically. We’ve got teams of people working relentlessly behind the scenes to make sure that everyone here is comfortable, safe, well fed and caffeinated to the max.

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• better way to pass by reference in Perl?

  - by JoelFan

  I am doing pass-by-reference like this: sub repl { local *line = \$_[0]; our $line; $line = "new value"; } sub doRepl { my $foo = "old value"; my ($replFunc) = @_; $replFunc->($foo); print $foo; # prints "new value"; } doRepl(\&repl); Is there a cleaner way of doing it? Prototypes don't work because I'm using a function reference (trust be that there's a good reason for using a function reference). I also don't want to use $_[0] everywhere in repl because it's ugly.

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• Visual Studio .dll Reference not found ?

  - by MarceloRamires

  I had never had this error before, and I didn't move any file, or exclude any reference. I'm getting this error (link). In the ajaxcontroltoolkit.dll.refresh file, I get a path to the DLL, but it is a path that was located in someone else's computer (who no longer is in charge of this). It might as well work if I just re-do the reference, but what is weird is that I've used this reference before, and had no problems. I don't know what triggered it.. Does anyone have any clue ? --[UPDATE]-- As expected, I've fixed it, but this question remains unanswered. Besides, the exact same problem with a coworker..

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• Add Reference to a WCF Service Executable

  - by Sphynx

  I have 3 projects in my solution. 1 - client, 2 - server, 3 - WCF service library. Server executable exposes the service provided in the library. I need to add a reference to it, rather than to the library directly. When I open "Add Service Reference" and click "Discover", it only lists the library data, and doesn't list the executable server option. How do I reference a WCF executable service, so the client code would be generated automatically? I use VS 2010. Thanks for your help.

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• Reference non-GAC version of DLL in Visual Studio 2010

  - by Eric J.

  This is similar to Add Non-GAC reference to project but the solutions presented there don't seem to help. I have a WinForms UI Library (Krypton from ComponentFactory) installed in the GAC. There's a bug I want to track down in that library, so I added the source code to my solution, removed the old references from my WinForms project to Krypton DLLs, added them back as a project references, ensured Copy Local is set to true, double-checked that the path (on reference properties tab) points to my local project, and... ...the GAC version is still being used while debugging. I cannot set a breakpoint in the Krypton source, Debugger.Break() or other code changes to not execute, and when I start the Visual Studio 2010 debugger, I see a Loading from ... GAC_MISL message relating to the Krypton DLLs flash by in the VS 2010 status bar. The DLLs are not copied to the WinForm's Debug folder. How can I reference the "project" version of the files while debugging while leaving them registered in the GAC?

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• C++ constant reference lifetime

  - by aaa

  hello I have code that looks like this: class T {}; class container { const T &first, T &second; container(const T&first, const T & second); }; class adapter : T {}; container(adapter(), adapter()); I thought lifetime of constant reference would be lifetime of container. However, it appears otherwise, adapter object is destroyed after container is created, leading dangling reference. What is the correct lifetime? how to correctly implement binding temporary object to class member reference? Thanks

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• pass by reference but reference to data and not to variable

  - by dorelal

  This is psesudo code. In what programming language this is possible ? def lab(input) input = ['90'] end x = ['80'] lab(x) puts x #=> value of x has changed from ['80'] to ['90] I have written this in ruby but in ruby I get the final x value of 80 because ruby is pass-by-reference. However what is passed is the reference to the data held by x and not pointer to x itself same is true in JavaScript. So I am wondering if there is any programming language where the following is true.

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• latex table reference

  - by Tim

  Hi, I wrote a long table with a label in a tex file and \input it into my main tex file. The reference in the main tex file to the table, however, does not show the numbering of the table but the one of the next table that are written directly in the main tex file. All long tables that are written directly in the main tex file have correct references. How to fix my problem? Must the label be defined in the same tex file as its reference? Thanks and regards! The label is \label{tab:yy}, and the reference is \ref{tab:yy}, and every table has a distinct label.

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• Reference Paramters in C++: VERY basic example please.

  - by Sagistic

  I am trying to understand how to use reference parameters. There are several examples in my text, however they are too complicated for me to understand why and how to use them. Could anyone give me the MOST basic example of how/why to use one, and perhaps the difference with or without it (what would happen if you didn't attach the '&'). for example, if I've created a function: int doSomething(int& a, int& b), what would be the consequences of not putting in that '&.' I understand that reference variables are used in order to change a formal-reference, which then allows a two-way exchange of parameters. However, that is the extent of my knowledge, and a more concrete example would be of much help. Thank you.

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• Reference Parameters in C++: VERY basic example please.

  - by Sagistic

  I am trying to understand how to use reference parameters. There are several examples in my text, however they are too complicated for me to understand why and how to use them. Could anyone give me the MOST basic example of how/why to use one, and perhaps the difference with or without it (what would happen if you didn't attach the '&'). for example, if I've created a function: int doSomething(int& a, int& b), what would be the consequences of not putting in that '&.' I understand that reference variables are used in order to change a formal-reference, which then allows a two-way exchange of parameters. However, that is the extent of my knowledge, and a more concrete example would be of much help. Thank you.

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• ORDER BY job failed in the Pig script while running EmbeddedPig using Java

  - by C.c. Huang

  I have this following pig script, which works perfectly using grunt shell (stored the results to HDFS without any issues); however, the last job (ORDER BY) failed if I ran the same script using Java EmbeddedPig. If I replace the ORDER BY job by others, such as GROUP or FOREACH GENERATE, the whole script then succeeded in Java EmbeddedPig. So I think it's the ORDER BY which causes the issue. Anyone has any experience with this? Any help would be appreciated! The Pig script: REGISTER pig-udf-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar; user_similarity = LOAD '/tmp/sample-sim-score-results-31/part-r-00000' USING PigStorage('\t') AS (user_id: chararray, sim_user_id: chararray, basic_sim_score: float, alt_sim_score: float); simplified_user_similarity = FOREACH user_similarity GENERATE $0 AS user_id, $1 AS sim_user_id, $2 AS sim_score; grouped_user_similarity = GROUP simplified_user_similarity BY user_id; ordered_user_similarity = FOREACH grouped_user_similarity { sorted = ORDER simplified_user_similarity BY sim_score DESC; top = LIMIT sorted 10; GENERATE group, top; }; top_influencers = FOREACH ordered_user_similarity GENERATE com.aol.grapevine.similarity.pig.udf.AssignPointsToTopInfluencer($1, 10); all_influence_scores = FOREACH top_influencers GENERATE FLATTEN($0); grouped_influence_scores = GROUP all_influence_scores BY bag_of_topSimUserTuples::user_id; influence_scores = FOREACH grouped_influence_scores GENERATE group AS user_id, SUM(all_influence_scores.bag_of_topSimUserTuples::points) AS influence_score; ordered_influence_scores = ORDER influence_scores BY influence_score DESC; STORE ordered_influence_scores INTO '/tmp/cc-test-results-1' USING PigStorage(); The error log from Pig: 12/04/05 10:00:56 INFO pigstats.ScriptState: Pig script settings are added to the job 12/04/05 10:00:56 INFO mapReduceLayer.JobControlCompiler: mapred.job.reduce.markreset.buffer.percent is not set, set to default 0.3 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO mapReduceLayer.JobControlCompiler: Setting up single store job 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO jvm.JvmMetrics: Cannot initialize JVM Metrics with processName=JobTracker, sessionId= - already initialized 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO mapReduceLayer.MapReduceLauncher: 1 map-reduce job(s) waiting for submission. 12/04/05 10:00:58 WARN mapred.JobClient: Use GenericOptionsParser for parsing the arguments. Applications should implement Tool for the same. 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO util.MapRedUtil: Total input paths to process : 1 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO util.MapRedUtil: Total input paths (combined) to process : 1 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Creating tmp-1546565755 in /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/archive/4334795313006396107_361978491_57907159/localhost/tmp/temp1725960134-work-6955502337234509704 with rwxr-xr-x 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Cached hdfs://localhost/tmp/temp1725960134/tmp-1546565755#pigsample_854728855_1333645258470 as /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/archive/4334795313006396107_361978491_57907159/localhost/tmp/temp1725960134/tmp-1546565755 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Cached hdfs://localhost/tmp/temp1725960134/tmp-1546565755#pigsample_854728855_1333645258470 as /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/archive/4334795313006396107_361978491_57907159/localhost/tmp/temp1725960134/tmp-1546565755 12/04/05 10:00:58 WARN mapred.LocalJobRunner: LocalJobRunner does not support symlinking into current working dir. 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Creating symlink: /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/archive/4334795313006396107_361978491_57907159/localhost/tmp/temp1725960134/tmp-1546565755 <- /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/localRunner/pigsample_854728855_1333645258470 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Creating symlink: /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/staging/cchuang402164468/.staging/job_local_0004/.job.jar.crc <- /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/localRunner/.job.jar.crc 12/04/05 10:00:58 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Creating symlink: /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/staging/cchuang402164468/.staging/job_local_0004/.job.split.crc <- /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/localRunner/.job.split.crc 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Creating symlink: /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/staging/cchuang402164468/.staging/job_local_0004/.job.splitmetainfo.crc <- /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/localRunner/.job.splitmetainfo.crc 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Creating symlink: /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/staging/cchuang402164468/.staging/job_local_0004/.job.xml.crc <- /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/localRunner/.job.xml.crc 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Creating symlink: /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/staging/cchuang402164468/.staging/job_local_0004/job.jar <- /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/localRunner/job.jar 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Creating symlink: /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/staging/cchuang402164468/.staging/job_local_0004/job.split <- /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/localRunner/job.split 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Creating symlink: /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/staging/cchuang402164468/.staging/job_local_0004/job.splitmetainfo <- /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/localRunner/job.splitmetainfo 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Creating symlink: /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/staging/cchuang402164468/.staging/job_local_0004/job.xml <- /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/localRunner/job.xml 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO mapred.Task: Using ResourceCalculatorPlugin : null 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680 12/04/05 10:00:59 WARN mapred.LocalJobRunner: job_local_0004 java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.InvalidInputException: Input path does not exist: file:/Users/cchuang/workspace/grapevine-rec/pigsample_854728855_1333645258470 at org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.mapReduceLayer.partitioners.WeightedRangePartitioner.setConf(WeightedRangePartitioner.java:139) at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setConf(ReflectionUtils.java:62) at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.newInstance(ReflectionUtils.java:117) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask$NewOutputCollector.<init>(MapTask.java:560) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.runNewMapper(MapTask.java:639) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.run(MapTask.java:323) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.LocalJobRunner$Job.run(LocalJobRunner.java:210) Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.InvalidInputException: Input path does not exist: file:/Users/cchuang/workspace/grapevine-rec/pigsample_854728855_1333645258470 at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat.listStatus(FileInputFormat.java:231) at org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.mapReduceLayer.PigFileInputFormat.listStatus(PigFileInputFormat.java:37) at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat.getSplits(FileInputFormat.java:248) at org.apache.pig.impl.io.ReadToEndLoader.init(ReadToEndLoader.java:153) at org.apache.pig.impl.io.ReadToEndLoader.<init>(ReadToEndLoader.java:115) at org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.mapReduceLayer.partitioners.WeightedRangePartitioner.setConf(WeightedRangePartitioner.java:112) ... 6 more 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO filecache.TrackerDistributedCacheManager: Deleted path /var/lib/hadoop-0.20/cache/cchuang/mapred/local/archive/4334795313006396107_361978491_57907159/localhost/tmp/temp1725960134/tmp-1546565755 12/04/05 10:00:59 INFO mapReduceLayer.MapReduceLauncher: HadoopJobId: job_local_0004 12/04/05 10:01:04 INFO mapReduceLayer.MapReduceLauncher: job job_local_0004 has failed! Stop running all dependent jobs 12/04/05 10:01:04 INFO mapReduceLayer.MapReduceLauncher: 100% complete 12/04/05 10:01:04 ERROR pigstats.PigStatsUtil: 1 map reduce job(s) failed! 12/04/05 10:01:04 INFO pigstats.PigStats: Script Statistics: HadoopVersion PigVersion UserId StartedAt FinishedAt Features 0.20.2-cdh3u3 0.8.1-cdh3u3 cchuang 2012-04-05 10:00:34 2012-04-05 10:01:04 GROUP_BY,ORDER_BY Some jobs have failed! Stop running all dependent jobs Job Stats (time in seconds): JobId Maps Reduces MaxMapTime MinMapTIme AvgMapTime MaxReduceTime MinReduceTime AvgReduceTime Alias Feature Outputs job_local_0001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 all_influence_scores,grouped_user_similarity,simplified_user_similarity,user_similarity GROUP_BY job_local_0002 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 grouped_influence_scores,influence_scores GROUP_BY,COMBINER job_local_0003 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ordered_influence_scores SAMPLER Failed Jobs: JobId Alias Feature Message Outputs job_local_0004 ordered_influence_scores ORDER_BY Message: Job failed! Error - NA /tmp/cc-test-results-1, Input(s): Successfully read 0 records from: "/tmp/sample-sim-score-results-31/part-r-00000" Output(s): Failed to produce result in "/tmp/cc-test-results-1" Counters: Total records written : 0 Total bytes written : 0 Spillable Memory Manager spill count : 0 Total bags proactively spilled: 0 Total records proactively spilled: 0 Job DAG: job_local_0001 -> job_local_0002, job_local_0002 -> job_local_0003, job_local_0003 -> job_local_0004, job_local_0004 12/04/05 10:01:04 INFO mapReduceLayer.MapReduceLauncher: Some jobs have failed! Stop running all dependent jobs

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• ming 0.4.2 compilation errors on Ubuntu 12.04 when installing from source code

  - by gmuhammad

  I am trying to install ming 0.4.2 from source code and it was compilable before on Ubuntu 10.04, but now it' giving following compilation errors when I try to install using command sudo make install (libpng is already installed). /bin/bash ../libtool --tag=CC --mode=link gcc -g -O2 -Wall -DSWF_LITTLE_ENDIAN -o img2swf img2swf.o ../src/libming.la libtool: link: gcc -g -O2 -Wall -DSWF_LITTLE_ENDIAN -o .libs/img2swf img2swf.o ../src/.libs/libming.so gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../src -I../src -g -O2 -Wall -DSWF_LITTLE_ENDIAN -MT png2dbl.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/png2dbl.Tpo -c -o png2dbl.o png2dbl.c png2dbl.c: In function ‘readPNG’: png2dbl.c:64:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fread’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] mv -f .deps/png2dbl.Tpo .deps/png2dbl.Po /bin/bash ../libtool --tag=CC --mode=link gcc -g -O2 -Wall -DSWF_LITTLE_ENDIAN -o png2dbl png2dbl.o ../src/libming.la libtool: link: gcc -g -O2 -Wall -DSWF_LITTLE_ENDIAN -o .libs/png2dbl png2dbl.o ../src/.libs/libming.so png2dbl.o: In function `readPNG': /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:69: undefined reference to `png_create_read_struct' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:74: undefined reference to `png_create_info_struct' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:82: undefined reference to `png_create_info_struct' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:97: undefined reference to `png_init_io' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:98: undefined reference to `png_set_sig_bytes' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:99: undefined reference to `png_read_info' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:101: undefined reference to `png_get_IHDR' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:127: undefined reference to `png_get_valid' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:156: undefined reference to `png_read_update_info' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:158: undefined reference to `png_get_IHDR' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:162: undefined reference to `png_get_channels' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:187: undefined reference to `png_get_rowbytes' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:194: undefined reference to `png_read_image' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:128: undefined reference to `png_set_expand' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:135: undefined reference to `png_set_strip_16' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:143: undefined reference to `png_set_gray_to_rgb' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:151: undefined reference to `png_set_filler' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:125: undefined reference to `png_set_packing' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:107: undefined reference to `png_get_valid' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:117: undefined reference to `png_get_PLTE' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:78: undefined reference to `png_destroy_read_struct' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:92: undefined reference to `png_destroy_read_struct' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:86: undefined reference to `png_destroy_read_struct' png2dbl.o: In function `writeDBL': /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:278: undefined reference to `floor' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:280: undefined reference to `compress2' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:278: undefined reference to `floor' /home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util/png2dbl.c:280: undefined reference to `compress2' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make[1]: *** [png2dbl] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/gmuhammad/Downloads/ming-0.4.2/util' make: *** [install-recursive] Error 1

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• BizTalk 2009 - SQL Server Job Configuration

  - by StuartBrierley

  Following the installation of Biztalk Server 2009 on my development laptop I used the BizTalk Server Best Practice Analyser which highlighted the fact that two of the SQL Server Agent jobs that BizTalk relies on were not running successfully.  Upon investigation it turned out that these jobs needed to be configured before they would run successfully. To configure these jobs open SQL Server Management Studio, expand SQL Server Agent > Jobs and double click on the appropriate job.  Select Steps and then edit the appropriate entries. Backup BizTalk Server (BizTalkMgmtDb) This job is comprised of three steps BackupFull, MarkAndBackupLog and ClearBackupHistory. BackupFull exec [dbo].[sp_BackupAllFull_Schedule] ‘d’ /* Frequency */,‘BTS’ /* Name */,‘<destination path>’ /* location of backup files */ The frequency here is set/left as daily The name is left as BTS You must provide a full destination path for the backup files to be stored. There are also two optional parameters: A flag that controls if the job forces a full backup if a partial backup fails A parameter to control the time of day to run the full backup; the default is midnight UTC time For example: exec [dbo].[sp_BackupAllFull_Schedule] ‘d’ /* Frequency */,‘BTS’ /* Name */,‘<destination path>’ /* location of backup files */ , 0, 22 MarkAndBackUpLog exec [dbo].[sp_MarkAll] ‘BTS’ /* Log mark name */,’<destination path>’  /*location of backup files */ You must provide a destination path for the log backups. Optionally you can also add an extra parameter that tells the procedure to use local time: exec [dbo].[sp_MarkAll] ‘BTS’ /* Log mark name */,’<destination path>’  /*location of backup files */ ,1 Clear Backup History exec [dbo].[sp_DeleteBackupHistory] @DaysToKeep=7 This will clear out the instances in the MarkLog table older than 7 days.    DTA Purge and Archive (BizTalkDTADb) This job is comprised of a single step. Archive and Purge exec dtasp_BackupAndPurgeTrackingDatabase 0, --@nLiveHours tinyint, 1, --@nLiveDays tinyint = 0, 30, --@nHardDeleteDays tinyint = 0, null, --@nvcFolder nvarchar(1024) = null, null, --@nvcValidatingServer sysname = null, 0 --@fForceBackup int = 0 Any completed instance that is older than the live days plus live hours will be deleted, as will any associated data. Any data older than the HardDeleteDays will be deleted - this means that those long running orchestration instances that would otherwise never be purged will at some point have their data cleared down while allowing the instance to continue, thus preventing the DTA databse from growing indefinitely.  This should always be greater than the soft purge window. The NVC folder is the path for the backup files, if this is null the job will not run failing with the error : DTA Purge and Archive (BizTalkDTADb) Job failed SQL Server Management Studio, job activity monitor, view history The @nvcFolder parameter cannot be null. Archive and Purge step How long you choose to keep instances in the Tracking Database is really up to you. For development I have set this up as: exec dtasp_BackupAndPurgeTrackingDatabase 0, 1, 30, ’<destination path>’, null, 0 On a live server you may want to adjust these figures: exec dtasp_BackupAndPurgeTrackingDatabase 0, 15, 20, ’<destination path>’, null, 0

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• Reference Data Management

  - by rahulkamath

  Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} table.MsoTableColorfulListAccent2 {mso-style-name:"Colorful List - Accent 2"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:1; mso-tstyle-colband-size:1; mso-style-priority:72; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-tstyle-shading:#F8EDED; mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:accent2; mso-tstyle-shading-themetint:25; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; color:black; mso-themecolor:text1;} table.MsoTableColorfulListAccent2FirstRow {mso-style-name:"Colorful List - Accent 2"; mso-table-condition:first-row; mso-style-priority:72; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-tstyle-shading:#9E3A38; mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:accent2; mso-tstyle-shading-themeshade:204; mso-tstyle-border-bottom:1.5pt solid white; mso-tstyle-border-bottom-themecolor:background1; color:white; mso-themecolor:background1; mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} table.MsoTableColorfulListAccent2LastRow {mso-style-name:"Colorful List - Accent 2"; mso-table-condition:last-row; mso-style-priority:72; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-tstyle-shading:white; mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:background1; mso-tstyle-border-top:1.5pt solid black; mso-tstyle-border-top-themecolor:text1; color:#9E3A38; mso-themecolor:accent2; mso-themeshade:204; mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} table.MsoTableColorfulListAccent2FirstCol {mso-style-name:"Colorful List - Accent 2"; mso-table-condition:first-column; mso-style-priority:72; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} table.MsoTableColorfulListAccent2LastCol {mso-style-name:"Colorful List - Accent 2"; mso-table-condition:last-column; mso-style-priority:72; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} table.MsoTableColorfulListAccent2OddColumn {mso-style-name:"Colorful List - Accent 2"; mso-table-condition:odd-column; mso-style-priority:72; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-tstyle-shading:#EFD3D2; mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:accent2; mso-tstyle-shading-themetint:63; mso-tstyle-border-top:cell-none; mso-tstyle-border-left:cell-none; mso-tstyle-border-bottom:cell-none; mso-tstyle-border-right:cell-none; mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none; mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;} table.MsoTableColorfulListAccent2OddRow {mso-style-name:"Colorful List - Accent 2"; mso-table-condition:odd-row; mso-style-priority:72; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-tstyle-shading:#F2DBDB; mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:accent2; mso-tstyle-shading-themetint:51;} Reference Data Management Oracle Data Relationship Management (DRM) has always been extremely powerful as an Enterprise MDM solution that can help manage changes to master data in a way that influences enterprise structure, whether it be mastering chart of accounts to enable financial transformation, or revamping organization structures to drive business transformation and operational efficiencies, or mastering sales territories in light of rapid fire acquisitions that require frequent sales territory refinement, equitable distribution of leads and accounts to salespersons, and alignment of budget/forecast with results to optimize sales coverage. Increasingly, DRM is also being utilized by Oracle customers for reference data management, an emerging solution space that deserves some explanation. What is reference data? Reference data is a close cousin of master data. While master data may be more rapidly changing, requires consensus building across stakeholders and lends structure to business transactions, reference data is simpler, more slowly changing, but has semantic content that is used to categorize or group other information assets – including master data – and give them contextual value. The following table contains an illustrative list of examples of reference data by type. Reference data types may include types and codes, business taxonomies, complex relationships & cross-domain mappings or standards. Types & Codes Taxonomies Relationships / Mappings Standards Transaction Codes Industry Classification Categories and Codes, e.g., North America Industry Classification System (NAICS) Product / Segment; Product / Geo Calendars (e.g., Gregorian, Fiscal, Manufacturing, Retail, ISO8601) Lookup Tables (e.g., Gender, Marital Status, etc.) Product Categories City à State à Postal Codes Currency Codes (e.g., ISO) Status Codes Sales Territories (e.g., Geo, Industry Verticals, Named Accounts, Federal/State/Local/Defense) Customer / Market Segment; Business Unit / Channel Country Codes (e.g., ISO 3166, UN) Role Codes Market Segments Country Codes / Currency Codes / Financial Accounts Date/Time, Time Zones (e.g., ISO 8601) Domain Values Universal Standard Products and Services Classification (UNSPSC), eCl@ss International Classification of Diseases (ICD) e.g., ICD9 à IC10 mappings Tax Rates Why manage reference data? Reference data carries contextual value and meaning and therefore its use can drive business logic that helps execute a business process, create a desired application behavior or provide meaningful segmentation to analyze transaction data. Further, mapping reference data often requires human judgment. Sample Use Cases of Reference Data Management Healthcare: Diagnostic Codes The reference data challenges in the healthcare industry offer a case in point. Part of being HIPAA compliant requires medical practitioners to transition diagnosis codes from ICD-9 to ICD-10, a medical coding scheme used to classify diseases, signs and symptoms, causes, etc. The transition to ICD-10 has a significant impact on business processes, procedures, contracts, and IT systems. Since both code sets ICD-9 and ICD-10 offer diagnosis codes of very different levels of granularity, human judgment is required to map ICD-9 codes to ICD-10. The process requires collaboration and consensus building among stakeholders much in the same way as does master data management. Moreover, to build reports to understand utilization, frequency and quality of diagnoses, medical practitioners may need to “cross-walk” mappings -- either forward to ICD-10 or backwards to ICD-9 depending upon the reporting time horizon. Spend Management: Product, Service & Supplier Codes Similarly, as an enterprise looks to rationalize suppliers and leverage their spend, conforming supplier codes, as well as product and service codes requires supporting multiple classification schemes that may include industry standards (e.g., UNSPSC, eCl@ss) or enterprise taxonomies. Aberdeen Group estimates that 90% of companies rely on spreadsheets and manual reviews to aggregate, classify and analyze spend data, and that data management activities account for 12-15% of the sourcing cycle and consume 30-50% of a commodity manager’s time. Creating a common map across the extended enterprise to rationalize codes across procurement, accounts payable, general ledger, credit card, procurement card (P-card) as well as ACH and bank systems can cut sourcing costs, improve compliance, lower inventory stock, and free up talent to focus on value added tasks. Specialty Finance: Point of Sales Transaction Codes and Product Codes In the specialty finance industry, enterprises are confronted with usury laws – governed at the state and local level – that regulate financial product innovation as it relates to consumer loans, check cashing and pawn lending. To comply, it is important to demonstrate that transactions booked at the point of sale are posted against valid product codes that were on offer at the time of booking the sale. Since new products are being released at a steady stream, it is important to ensure timely and accurate mapping of point-of-sale transaction codes with the appropriate product and GL codes to comply with the changing regulations. Multi-National Companies: Industry Classification Schemes As companies grow and expand across geographies, a typical challenge they encounter with reference data represents reconciling various versions of industry classification schemes in use across nations. While the United States, Mexico and Canada conform to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) standard, European Union countries choose different variants of the NACE industry classification scheme. Multi-national companies must manage the individual national NACE schemes and reconcile the differences across countries. Enterprises must invest in a reference data change management application to address the challenge of distributing reference data changes to downstream applications and assess which applications were impacted by a given change.

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• How to stay afloat in today's job market?

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  How are people finding jobs in today's job market, where there are many applicants per position as opposed to years ago when it was the other way around?

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