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• Why is the US international keyboard layout on Ubuntu different?

  - by pablo

  I have been using Linux on and off for 10 years, and more recently I have spent more time with OSX. But, I still remember that in the beginning I'd choose the US international keyboard layout and it would have exactly the same output as the Windows keyboard layout (and most recently, the OSX US international layout). However, a few years ago when I installed Ubuntu, I noticed that the cedilla wasn't printed anymore (ç or Ç). This is a combination of the following keys: ' + c. Instead, what I get is the c letter. When did it start to happen, and why the difference to the behavior on the other OSes? What puzzles me even more is that there is even an "US International alternative" keyboard layout, which prints exactly the same keys! So, what's it alternative to? This has been reported as a bug back to Canonical (can't find the link now), but the keyboard layout has never changed back to what I'd expect. I know the workarounds to fix it to what I need, but I just would like to know why/when it has become different.

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• Understanding connection tracking in iptables

  - by Matt

  I'm after some clarification of the state/connection tracking in iptables. What is the difference between these rules? iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT Is connection tracking turned on when a packet is first matched containing -m state --state BLA , or is connection tracking always on? Can/Should connection state be used for fast matching like below? e.g. suppose this is some sort of router/firewall (no nat). # Default DROP policy iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P OUTPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP # Drop invalid iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # Accept established,related connections iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow ssh through, track connection iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --syn --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT

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• NTP configuration not recognized?

  - by Eugene S

  I'm trying to configure NTP on my machine but it seems that the parameters I set are not being read by the system. Below is my /etc/ntp.conf file. (I applied the most basic configuration to eliminate other issues) server 10.45.68.47 server 127.0.0.1 After I set the above configuration, I restart the ntpd process by doing the following: service ntpd restart And then I get the following output: Shutting down ntpd: [ OK ] ntpd: Synchronizing with time server: [FAILED] Starting ntpd: [ OK ] Moreover, I can see the following in /var/etc/messages: Apr 2 10:54:07 hsystem1a ntpd[21067]: ntpd exiting on signal 15 Apr 2 10:54:07 hsystem1a ntpdate[21537]: can't find host ntpServer1 Apr 2 10:54:07 hsystem1a ntpdate[21537]: can't find host ntpServer2 Apr 2 10:54:07 hsystem1a ntpdate[21537]: no servers can be used, exiting So it seems that the ntpServer1 and the ntpServer2 are being read from somewhere instead of the IPs I configured in /etc/ntp.conf. NOTE: I done init 6 on the machine just in case. Thanks!

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• UFW blocking random packets on 443

  - by s2jcpete

  All, I have UFW setup to allow traffic on port 443. It works as expected, though I have a large amount of UFW Block log entries. To Action From -- ------ ---- 80 ALLOW Anywhere 443 ALLOW Anywhere 22222 ALLOW Anywhere 80 ALLOW Anywhere (v6) 443 ALLOW Anywhere (v6) 22222 ALLOW Anywhere (v6) However in my syslog file I see this: [UFW BLOCK] IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=XXX SRC=<foreignip> DST=<serverip> LEN=40 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=116 ID=22025 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=49622 DPT=443 WINDOW=0 RES=0x00 ACK RST URGP=0 About 30 or so seconds later pound (which I'm using for SSL decryption and port redirection) throws a connection timed out messsage. I'm assuming this is because UFW is blocking the packet. I'm at a loss as to an explination. Could the packet be malformed or something, is this normal? Edit - I have since changed the /etc/defaults/ufw and set ipv6=no, so the v6 rules are no longer in the mix. The server is still showing the block / connection timed out behavior though. The new ufw status output is: Status: active Logging: on (low) Default: deny (incoming), allow (outgoing) New profiles: skip To Action From -- ------ ---- 80 ALLOW IN Anywhere 443 ALLOW IN Anywhere 22222 ALLOW IN Anywhere

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• puppet agent doesn't retrieve files from master

  - by nicmon

  I have a very basic question regarding to Puppet 3.0.1 configuration. I setup a puppet master server (CentOS) with 2 agents (CentOS and Windows 7), all 3 can ping and access each other. There is no error at all. I have copied a file under /etc/puppet/files/test2.txt my site.pp (/etc/puppet/manifests) contains these lines: node default { include test file { "/tmp/testmaster.txt": owner => root, group => root, mode => 644, source => "puppet:///files/test2.txt" } } but there will no file be created on agent servers under /tmp/ once I run "puppet agent --test" here is the output: [root@agent1 ~]# puppet agent --test Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Caching catalog for agent1.mydomain.com Info: Applying configuration version '1354267916' Finished catalog run in 0.02 seconds "puppet apply /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp" creates the testmaster.txt under /tmp/ on master.

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• Linux: Limiting data throughput (pipe) in bytes per second?

  - by sdaau

  Hi all, I was wandering if there is a Linux program that can limit data throughput of a pipe - in actual bytes per second?. From what I gather, applicable for the purposes would be bfr, however, it has been removed from Debian (Removal candidate: bfr) cpipe, however, it seems the lowest resolution it will support is kB/s, meaning that buffer writes can still reach MB/s ([SOLVED] Is there a program to limit terminal pipe speed? - Page 2 - Ubuntu Forums) What I'd want is to be able to specify something like cat example.txt | ratelimit -Bps 100 > /dev/ttyUSB0 ... and actually have a single byte from example.txt sent each 1/100 = 0.01 sec (or 10 ms) to 'output'.. Thanks in advance for any suggestions, Cheers!

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• Grub menu not waiting despite of GRUB_TIMEOUT=10

  - by Optimus

  I have Ubuntu 12.04 installed along side of windows 7. The grub menu doesn't seem obey GRUB_TIMEOUT=10, I see the grub menu there for a split second and it immediately defaults to the first option. Grub menu worked fine when I first installed ubuntu. I am not able to pinpoint what exactly broke it(maybe some update?). I did resize my ubuntu partition using gparted but am not sure if that is what caused it. here are my settings from etc/default/grub GRUB_DEFAULT=0 #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" How do I fix this? Edit: As suggested by 'kamil' this is what I have tried so far with no luck - 1) hold the shift key while booting 2) sudo gedit /etc/default/grub edit GRUB_TIMEOUT to `GRUB_TIMEOUT=10` sudo update-grub 3) sudo gedit /etc/default/grub edit GRUB_TIMEOUT to `GRUB_TIMEOUT=10` sudo update-grub2 4) at the end of your /etc/grub.d/00_header file, comment out the if condition except for the regular set timeout line like this: #if [ \${recordfail} = 1 ]; then # set timeout=-1 #else set timeout=${GRUB_TIMEOUT} #fi then sudo update-grub and sudo update-grub2 5) install boot repair sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair boot-repair boot-repair output - Boot successfully repaired. ... The boot files of [The OS now in use - Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS] are far from the start of the disk. Your BIOS may not detect them. You may want to retry after creating a /boot partition (EXT4, 200MB, start of the disk). This can be performed via tools such as gParted. Then select this partition via the [Separate /boot partition:] option of [Boot Repair]. (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootPartition) http://paste.ubuntu.com/1220468/ - here is the full boot-repair data Could grub files not being at the start of the disk create such issues?

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• Corrupt mysql system tables

  - by psynnott

  I am having issues with the columns_priv table in the mysql system database. I cannot add new users currently. I have tried repairing it using mysqlcheck --auto-repair --all-databases --password but I get the following output: mysql.columns_priv Error : Incorrect file format 'columns_priv' error : Corrupt Is there any other way to repair this table, or how do I go about replacing it with a blank table? What would I lose by doing that? Thank you Edit (Additional Info) mysqld is currently using 100% cpu constantly. Looking at show processlist, I get: mysql> show processlist; +-----+------------------+-----------+-------+---------+------+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +-----+------------------+-----------+-------+---------+------+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 5 | debian-sys-maint | localhost | mysql | Query | 1589 | Opening tables | ALTER TABLE tables_priv MODIFY Column_priv set('Select','Insert','Update','References') COLL | | | 752 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlist | +-----+------------------+-----------+-------+---------+------+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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• SteamCMD can't add files to my home directory

  - by Angle O'Saxon

  I'm trying to clean up the administration of some game servers I run on a Ubuntu box, part of which has been finally setting permissions properly so I can run the Steam console tool that controls updates and such. I had been running it as root using sudo, but I changed the permissions so that I can start it as a regular user rather than root. That bit seems to work fine, but now when SteamCMD actually starts, it errors with the following output ./steam.sh: line 24: /home/angleosaxon/.steampid: Permission denied Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1334262703) SteamUpdater: Error: Couldn't create directory /home/angleosaxon/Steam/package, got error 13 [ 0%] Download complete. [----] Verifying installation... unlinked 0 orphaned pipes [----] !!! Fatal Error: Steam failed to load: *SteamStartEngine(0xbfa7cfa0) failed with error 1: Failed to open logfile /home/angleosaxon/Steam/steam.log Leaving aside the question of why it wants to add this information to my home directory, why is it getting access denied errors? As I understand it, since it's being run by my account, it operates with my permissions, so it should be able to read/write from my home directory, shouldn't it? This is the command I'm using to run it: /opt/steamcmd/steam.sh "+login UserAccount \"This is not my actual password.\"" +force_install_dir $ServerDir "+app_update 215360 validate" +quit

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• postgresql 9.1 Multiple Cluster on same host

  - by user1272305

  I have 2 cluster databases, running on the same host, Ubuntu. My fist database port is set to default but my second database port is set to 5433 in the postgresql.conf file. While everything is ok with local connections, I cannot connect using any of my tools to the second database with port 5433, including pgAdmin. Please help. Any parameter that I need to modify for the new database with port 5433? netstat -an | grep 5433 shows, tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5433 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::5433 :::* LISTEN unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 72842 /var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5433 iptables -L shows, Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination

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• How do i allow users to execute commands via ssh without allocating a psuedo-terminal

  - by Dani El

  I need to allow users to run a limited set of commands. But not to allow them to create interactive sessions. Just like GitHub does. If you try to ssh without a command it greetings you and close the session. I can acquire this by using ForceCommand some-script But getting in some-script i then need to eval user's input. Perhaps any other NoTTY-like option in sshd_config? --- UPDATE --- i'm looking for a pure SSH / Bash solution, not Perl/Python/etc. hacks.

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• Home PBX to answer/take external calls via PSTN

  - by ageis23

  I have a Thomson 585V6 router which has built in voip support. I want to be able to use a softphone to make calls. for example phone my dad's mobile. Any incomming calls to my normal bt number should be taken via my pc as well. What I have done so far: I've wired the pstn port on the router to the telephone jack. The router is connected to my pc. I have installed asterisk on the pc I want to take calls on. The sip client authenticates to the sip server. output from twinkle: Sun 22:46:45 home, registration succeeded (expires = 3600 seconds) how do I take external calls/ answer incoming calls from pstn?

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• Windows 7 XPS Document Writer has stopped working

  - by jamie

  I have successfully used the Windows 7 XPS Document writer for quite a while under windows 7 (64 bit). Now however when i try to print i get prompted twice for the output file name and then get different error messages depending upon the application being used. e.g. Notepad gives a 'The I/O operation has been aborted because of either a thread exit or an application request'. I have disabled and reenabled the XPS facilities of windows features and have similiarly removed and readded the printer. But the end result is the same. I've uninstalled all applications i have installed since the time when i know it worked but this also has not made any difference. Suggestions please!

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• How do I stop GNU Freetalk from automatically filling in the buddy name?

  - by Journeyman Geek

  I'm using GNU Freetalk along with expect in order to send notifications to my phone – Freetalk has a readline interface, and I use expect to make a series of non interactive scripts that send information to another Jabber account. I'd like to have these scripts end freetalk 'properly' – that is to say user@domainname message one user@domainname message two /quit which would print out message one message two then quit. However Freetalk 'helpfully' adds user@domainame automatically so I get message one message two /quit as the output. The expect script still ends, but there's a delay. How would I stop Freetalk from adding in the 'buddy' address automatically?

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• Why am I getting 'undefined method' exceptions when executing 'run_list add', 'run_list remove' and 'rackspace server delete'?

  - by Peter Groves

  [Originally posted this to opscode forum, got no response] I’m testing out a free hosted chef-server account and multiple subcommands are failing with ‘Unexpected Errors’. Perhaps my version and the server version are incompatible? OS: Ubuntu 12.04LTS Local Chef: 10.12.0 (Installed through gem) Local Ruby: 1.8.7 Also, the workstation machine has been manually configured, but the client(s) I’ve been experimenting with are launched with the Rackspace plugin (using ‘knife rackspace server create…’) The problem commands seem to fail when talking to the host chef-server, however, before it ever tries to modify the client, so I don’t believe that’s where the problem exists. The virtual-servers that are launched by ‘knife rackspace server create’ are launched properly but then deleting them with knife fails. If I include a recipe in the run_list when I create the server, the recipe is properly added to the run_list. If I try to add it later or remove the one that there server was initialized with, those commands fail. Here is the output of a few relevant commands (with stacktraces): https://gist.github.com/7100ada3fd6690113697

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• Map Ctrl and Alt to mouse thumb buttons

  - by murphyslaw

  I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 and have a multi-button Microsoft mouse. I would like to map the CTRL and ALT modifier keys to the left and right thumb buttons of my mouse, respectively, so I can ctrl-click and alt-click without touching the keyboard. My thumb buttons are buttons 8 and 9. I tried the solution in this question: How do I configure a mouse thumb button? which explained how to map a double click to a thumb button - this worked for the double-click but I couldn't figure out how to modify the solution for CTRL and ALT I also tried this: How to map Ctrl/Shift to thumb buttons of Mouse? which used xdotools and xbindkeys. I modified the script to this: ~/.xbindkeysrc: "xdotool keydown alt" b:9 "xdotool keyup alt" release + alt + b:9 "xdotool keydown ctrl" b:8 "xdotool keyup ctrl" release + control + b:8 Which ALMOST works. It simulates a CTRL-key press when I click the left thumb button, but I can't actually hold the button and click at the same time - holding the thumb button seems to prevent it from listening to other input until it is released. Does anyone know how I can make my mouse thumb button actually work as a modifier key, so I can use thumb_button+click instead of CTRL-click?

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• PHP-FPM runs PHP scripts as root

  - by fwalch

  I have a web server setup using nginx and PHP-FPM listening on a Unix socket. In my php-fpm.conf, I have specified user = www group = www When I run ps aux, I can see that the php-fpm worker processes run as www; the php-fpm master process runs as root. However, I noticed that PHP scripts are executed as root; at least that's the output of echo get_current_user(); What can I do to run scripts as the www user? How can this even happen if the worker processes run as www?

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• Graphics hardware warning when updating to 14.04

  - by pacomet

  As I use Ubuntu at work I just update only LTS versions but now I'm not sure if I can/should. As my computer is now ten years old I would change if was mine but as it is owned by my employer I have to work with it. It's not a bad one, it runs fine (this was not true when still had Windows on it ;-). When updating to 14.04, it warns about possible bad/slow performance with Unity 3D so I stop updating as I am at work, not my own computer. As I understand from http://askubuntu.com/a/438958/25305 Nvidia Geforce FX 5500 graphics card is still supported in 14.04. Now, in 12.04, I have driver version 173 and unity 2d runs fine for me. output of /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p OpenGL vendor string: NVIDIA Corporation OpenGL renderer string: GeForce FX 5500/AGP/SSE2 OpenGL version string: 2.1.2 NVIDIA 173.14.39 Not software rendered: yes Not blacklisted: no GLX fbconfig: yes GLX texture from pixmap: yes GL npot or rect textures: yes GL vertex program: yes GL fragment program: yes GL vertex buffer object: yes GL framebuffer object: yes GL version is 1.4+: yes Unity 3D supported: no Should I update? Is it better to stay with 12.04? Thanks

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• Suspected power supply issue? PC repeatedly whirs for some seconds and then dies.

  - by benwebdev

  I've come home today and switched on the PC I've built a few months ago only for the machine to whir for a few short seconds and then die. It repeats this until I disconnect the power lead. Nothing is output to the screen and this cut out happens very quickly after switching it on. What could this be and how could it be fixed? Is it the power supply? I'm in despair :-( My spec is below, everything is new and was bought and assembled within the last 6months, system has been fantastic until now. Power Supply: 620W CoolerMaster Real Power M620 Motherboard: Gigabyte GA-X58A-UD3R Intel X58 (Socket 1366) DDR3 Processor: Intel Core i7 930 2.80GHz @ 4.00GHz RAM: 6GB DDR3 OS Windows 7 64bit Sapphire HD 5770 Vapor-X 1GB Graphics card 1TB Hitachi HDD 720GB Seagate Barracuda HDD 350GB Seagate Barracuda HDD EMu 0404 PCI Soundcard D-Link PCI-E wireless card Samsung DVD RW drive

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• Frame rate upsampling codec/player/software?

  - by djechelon

  Hello, I recently noticed that when I play both HD and SD videos on my HDMI TV at 1080p 60Hz from my computer, the motion is not fluid as I would expect. As far as I know, it could be because the 24fps video needs to be upsampled by the codec to match the 60Hz output of the monitor. But, as far as I know, the upsampling is done by simply repeating each photogram for a certain amount of frames. I usually play MKV videos with VLC. Do you know if there is a player or codec that performs the upsampling by interpolation like some 100Hz TVs do? I recently saw an LG led TV play a 24fps 720p video at 100Hz with an incredible motion fluidity, and I simply wonder why can't my computer do! I have an NVidia card. Does PureVideo help? I'm a noob with these things. Thank you.

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• Diff and ignore lines missing in one file

  - by Millianz

  I want to diff two files and ignore lines that are present in one file but missing in the other. For example File1: foo bar baz bat File2: foo ball bat I'm currently running the following diff command diff File1 File2 --changed-group-format='%>' --unchanged-group-format='' Which in this case would produce bar baz as the output, i.e. only missing or conflicting lines. I would like to only print conflicting lines, i.e. ignore cases where one line is missing from File2 and is present in File1 (not the other way around). Is there any way to do something like this using diff or do I have to resort to other tools? If so, what would you recommend?

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• Ubuntu NTP issues

  - by Anups

  I am trying to setup the NTP server on Ubuntu machine. Am breaking my head in this particular issue. Getting an error ntpdate[5005]: no server suitable for synchronization found when doing the command ntppdate. Can anyone please help me out in this? /etc/ntp.conf: server 0.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org server 1.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org server 2.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org server 3.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org Also when I gave command netstat -anltp | grep "LISTEN" tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1816/dnsmasq tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 939/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1013/cupsd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:39558 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5529/rsession tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:902 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1275/vmware-authdla tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:47304 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5822/rsession tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 1400/apache2 tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 939/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1013/cupsd So what should I do so that it listens on 123? If I get output as PORT STATE SERVICE 123/udp open ntp If I give command nmap -p 123 -sU -P0 192.168.36.198, it means UDP is open right? Then why doesn't it show in the command to to show listening ports?

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• How Exchange integrates with DC

  - by TheD

  This probably is a very open ended question, but really I'm only looking for a specific aspect I suppose. It relates to a reboot question I posted earlier, relating to restart orders of servers, Server Restart's and Respective Orders. Please take a look if you get a second for input! Basically - in relation to how Exchange integrates with AD, what would happen in two scenarios: 1). The Exchange server is booted up before the DC is online 2). You replace a DC but keep your current Exchange server. I'm fairly new to all of this, so hopefully this isn't a silly question (I'm an apprentice in fact!). Many thanks

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• Windows 8.1 - unfixable grub

  - by Nick

  I have a Gigabyte laptop that came with secure boot and windows 8. After a bit of battling, I managed to get my dual boot with Ubuntu 13.10.. Anyway, I upgraded zindows to 8.1, now grub is gone. I restarted from a live CD and chrooted to my drive. I used boot-repair multiple times (with successful output) both in default and with some advanced options; also reinstalled grub manually... Each time it tries once to boot to grub but gives a message for a very short amount of time. I recorded it and it is a regular bios message "Rebbot and Select proper Boot device of Insert Boot media in selected boot device and press a key" I even tried something called EasyBCD under winblows, it shows the correct boot options, but same there, it is unable to make the linux partition fire up. Anyway, no way to boot my linux box. Does anyone have an idea how to fix this? No need to redirect me to another post with grub reinstall or boot-repair, seen them all... I am thinking of trying this other boot loader, refind, to see if it works http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html Also re-reading this bios message, I'm thinking my partition might not have a boot flag anymore... I'll try that too with parted. Although both grub and win 8 are supposed to fire up from the same boot partition (the EFI one) Please help! thx

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• SQL to XML open data made simple

  - by drrwebber

  The perennial question for people is how to easily generate XML from SQL table content?  The latest CAM Editor release really tackles this head on by providing a powerful and simple toolset.  Firstly you can visually browse your SQL tables and then drag and drop from columns and tables into the XML structure editor.   This gives you a code-free method of describing the transformation you require.  So you do not need to know about the vagaries of XML and XSD schema syntax. Second you can map directly into existing industry domain XML exchange structures in the XML visual editor, again no need to wrestle with XSD schema, you have WYSIWYG visual control over what your output will look like. If you do not have a target XML structure and need to build one from scratch, then the CAM Editor makes this simple.  Switch the SQL viewer into designer mode, then take your existing SQL table and drag and drop it into the XML structure editor.  Automatically the XML wizard tool will take your SQL column names and definitions and create equivalent XML for you and insert the mappings. Simply save the structure template, and run the Open Data generator menu option, and your XML is built for you. Completely code-free template driven development. To see this in action, see our video demonstration links and then download the tools and samples and try it yourself.

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