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• Which are the cons of using only non-member functions and POD?

  - by Miro

  I'm creating my own game engine. I've read these articles and this question about DOD and it was written to not use member functions and classes. I also heard some criticism to this idea. I can write it using member functions or non-member functions it would be similar. So what are the benefits/cons of that approach or when the project grows, does any of these approaches give clearer and better manageable code? With POD & non-member functions I don't have to make struct members public I can still use object id outside of engine like OpenGL does with all it's stuff, so It's not about encapsulation. POD - plain old data DOD - data oriented design

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• Android - Rendering HUD View to SurfaceView

  - by Jon

  I have developed a relatively simple game in android, to get my head around it all, and on the back of it developed a crude game engine (in the loosest sense!). I use a SurfaceView and canvas (no OpenGL) - I'll cross that bridge another time! I have implemented a game HUD, title screens etc. by overlaying standard Android view widgets over my SurfaceView. This all works reasonably well maintaining an acceptable frame-rate, but it is a simple game with not a lot happening on or off screen. What I am wondering now is whether one could (and whether one would get any advantage by) drawing all my views to the one SurfaceView, all controlled by the main game thread. At the moment I have handlers flinging messages around and runOnUiThreads here, there and everywhere. Quite cumbersome. Any thoughts on this would be much appreciated (before I perhaps waste time trying to do it!)

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• 3d environments and managing them on iOS

  - by alJaree

  I would like to start learning 3d game development and currently only develop 2d games. A few basic questions I am interested in are: What is used to create the 3d environments? Are they all done in e.g. Maya, Lightwave, 3d modeling software? What is the output format for these models and how are they manipulated in iOS? Is it all done using openGL(GL ES on iOS)? e.g a monster needs to be spawned in the game world. What coordinates are used? Are the concepts the same as 2d in terms of collision on the coordinates and movement on the coordinates of the game world? How are 3d games managed in iOS on the low available memory. (e.g. FPS games) Lastly, Can someone please recommend a good book that is up to date and can be applied to todays techniques. Thanks

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• HP Pavilion g6 1190sm laptop has overheat/hibernation/graphics issues

  - by Jan

  Every time I reboot or shutdown my laptop, while the laptop is booting again I get a screen (before loading the OS) that HP discovered overheating and system went into hibernation. But the point is that the laptop is not overheating nor going into hibernation by itself. Also, because of the hybrid graphics card I cannot install additional drivers. Desktop resolution and all works perfectly but I cannot use Unity 3D. Also, OpenGL doesn't work as it should (with Cairo Dock). As I've read some posts, people say that vgaswitcheroo doesn't work on 12.04 so I haven't tried it.

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• How did programmers resolve their problems before the internet?

  - by 9a3eedi

  When programming, anytime I get stuck, perhaps with a compiler error that doesn't make sense, or from a GUI function that didn't do what I expected, I automatically google my problem, find someone else that faced the same thing, and read what's going on and why I'm getting the problem. Before the internet, how did people handle these situations? People used to read books and manuals more, I know. But books don't explain everything, like the odd compiler problem that you get sometimes, or nothing showing up on your screen despite you clearly writing correct OpenGL code. How did people cope when facing challenges? Did they simply "bash their head" on the wall till they figured it out? Is there something people used to do regularly on the side that gave them the ability to get themselves unstuck more easily? Were libraries/compilers much simpler back then? I've been asking this question because I sometimes feel guilty depending on Google so much when I'm pretty sure programmers before my time were more independent when it comes to facing these matters.

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• Direct3d - Code structure

  - by marcg11

  I'm learning directx in a master's degree and they taught us to have a GraphicsLayer class which is the one connecting with the direct3d library. That way this class is completly independent from the other classes (my game classes), meaning changing the renderer to OpenGL wouldn't require much effort but only changing the graphicLayer. This classe has it's LoadAssets, Paint methods, but I have a question, they told us to load all the assets inside this class. This means all these methods will be in the loadAssets method: D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(g_pD3DDevice,"tiles.png",0,0,1,0,D3DFMT_UNKNOWN,D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,D3DX_FILTER_NONE,D3DX_FILTER_NONE,NULL,NULL,NULL,&texTiles); // And more resources to load //... texTiles as you see is a LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 instance which is declared in the graphicLayer.h. So my question is, how do you manage all the resources? Do I have to declare in the .h all my game textures even if I'm not using them? How would you load only those resources there are in a scene and draw them in a code-strucured way?

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• How to composite videos and make animations in Ubuntu?

  - by Naveen

  Well, I'm not talking about programs like NukeX, Cinelerra, Jahshaka because they aren't either free or feature rich. I have seen couple of cool videos done on Linux platform, most likely to be Ubuntu. How Linux is Built - Linux Foundation Ubuntu 12.10 Beta Overview - OMG! Ubuntu What is the magic application they are using to composit those videos..? Can upcoming LightWorks workout these effects...? Is there any Linux native OpenGL based application to deal with particles, just like Particle Illusion for Windows? Thanks!

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• Transformation matrix that maps a window

  - by gbhall

  I'm currently learning OpenGL at uni, and they give us questions to help us learn (these are not worth anything), however I'm stuck on this one question and would have to travel over an hour and a half to uni for an answer. How do I do this question? Please include as many steps as you can, I want to be able to follow exactly how to do this. Find the transformation that maps a window whose lower left corner is at (1,1) and upper right corner is at (3,5) onto: The entire device screen whose dimension is (600, 500) A viewport that has lower left corner at (100,100) and upper right corner at (400,400) Edit: Damn sorry I should have added I am meant to find the matrix, so no code.

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• Is there any advantage in using DX10/11 for a 2D game?

  - by David Gouveia

  I'm not entirely familiar with the feature set introduced by DX10/11 class hardware. I'm vaguely familiar with the new stages added to the programmable graphics pipeline, such as the geometry shader, the compute shader, and the new tesselation stages. I don't see how any of these make much of a difference for a 2D game though. Is there any compelling reason to make the switch to DX10/11 (or the OpenGL equivalents) for a 2D game, or would it be wiser to stick with DX9 considering that that a significant share of the market still runs on older technologies (e.g. the February 2012 Steam surveys lists around 17% of users as still using Windows XP)?

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• How exactly does XNA's SpriteBatch work?

  - by David Gouveia

  To be more precise, if I needed to recreate this functionality from scratch in another API (e.g. in OpenGL) what would it need to be capable of doing? I do have a general idea of some of the steps, such as how it prepares an orthographic projection matrix and creates a quad for each draw call. I'm not too familiar, however, with the batching process itself. Are all quads stored in the same vertex buffer? Does it need an index buffer? How are different textures handled? If possible I'd be grateful if you could guide me through the process from when SpriteBatch.Begin() is called until SpriteBatch.End(), at least when using the default Deferred mode.

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• vector collision on polygon in 3d space detection/testing?

  - by LRFLEW

  In the 3d fps in java I'm working on, I need a bullet to be fired and to tell if it hit someone. All visual objects in the game are defined through OpenGL, so the object it can be colliding with can be any drawable polygon (although they will most likely be triangles and rectangles anyways). The bullet is not an object, but will be treated as a vector that instantaneously moves all the way across the map (like the snipper riffle in Halo). What's the best way to detect/test collisions with the polygon and the vector. I have access to OpenCL, however I have absolutely no experience with it. I am very early in the developmental stage, so if you think there's a better way of going about this, feel free to tell me (I barley have a player model to collide with anyways, so I'm flexible with it). Thanks

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• Are there any Java based libraries that provide game mapping features?

  - by James.Elsey

  Hi All, I'm working on a Java web based game in my spare time (springMVC / JSPs etc), and I'm wondering what are my options for dealing with the "game world" or mapping element. My game will be 2d / text based, so I have no need for any OpenGL / Flash etc. My initial idea was to use Google maps and provide a custom overlay, but I want to know if there are any alternatives? For example, if I create a 2d map with all my zones, are there any libraries that will help me plot players, work out distances and so forth? Regards

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• Graphic issue on intel945 chipset

  - by peeyush tiwari

  I used Intrepid(8.10) and my graphics used to work fine with compiz effects and all(on better resolution than 1024x768).Now I have upgraded to Precise(12.04)but I use gnome classic(with compiz effects)as my desktop but the compiz effects seem not to work, only unity 2D works. When I ran lshw -c video it gives: *-display UNCLAIMED description: VGA compatible controller product: 82945G/GZ Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 02 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:fea80000-feafffff ioport:dc00(size=8) memory:e0000000-efffffff memory:fea40000-fea7ffff Sysinfo shows: Display Resolution 1024x768 pixels OpenGL Renderer Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe(LLVM 0x300) X11 Vendor The X.Org Foundation On SystemSettings: Memory 993.3 MiB Processor Intel® Pentium(R) 4 CPU 2.40GHz Graphics VESA: Intel(r) 82945G Chipset Family Graphics OS type 32-bit glxgears output comes to be around 100fps which used to be around 900fps in Intrepid

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• Web development for people who mainly do client side..

  - by kamziro

  Okay, I'm sure there are a lot of us that has plenty of experience developing c++/opengl/objective C on the iPhone, java development on android, python games, etc (any client side stuff) while having little to no experience on web-based development. So what skillset should one learn in order to be able to work on web projects, say, to make a facebook clone (I kid), or maybe a startup that specializes on connecting random fashionistas with pics etc. I actualy do have some experience with C#/VB.net back-end development a while back, but as part of a team, I had a lot of support from the senior devs. Is C# considered a decent web development language?

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• How to emulate Mode 13h in a modern 3D renderer?

  - by David Gouveia

  I was indulging in nostalgia and remembered the first game I created, which used Mode 13h. This mode was really simple to work with, since it was essentially just an array of bytes with an element for each pixel on the screen (using an indexed color scheme). So I thought it might be fun to create something nowadays under these restrictions, but on modern hardware. The API could be as simple as: public class Mode13h { public byte[] VideoMemory = new byte[320 * 200]; public Color[] Palette = new Color[256]; } Now I'm wondering what would be the best way to get this data on the screen, using something like XNA / DirectX / OpenGL. The only solution I could think of was to create a texture with the same size as the VideoMemory array, write the contents of VideoMemory to it every frame, then render that texture in a full screen quad with the correct aspect ratio and using point texture filtering for that retro look. Is there a better way?

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• 2D management game [on hold]

  - by Simon Bull

  Very newbie question but I have a game idea in mind. It will be 2d and data centric, like football manager. However I am struggling to find a platform that would suit. I am an experienced line of business developer so am happy to write code, but I would like a platform that does some of the leg work for me so was avoiding OpenGL. I would also like to be able deploy to iOS, android, windows and OS X. What are the options? To be more clear, the game is not a normal platform or shooter type game, so game maker is likely to be way too basic and unity seems a little over the top (though I am not sure if the GUI options would fit?). The majority of the game is more like business screens just displaying data and having buttons to click. Are there options for this type of game (May help to look at football manager)?

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• How can I use WebGL to create a tile-based multi-layer scrolling platform game?

  - by Nicholas Hill

  I've found WebGL (based on OpenGL) to be a fiendish and unforgiving framework for those learning to write HTML5-based games. Despite the presence of many examples on how to get started, I'm really struggling to understand how I could simply load a bunch of images and render them to a canvas quickly using WebGL. My specific scenario involves trying to render a map using a bespoke but simple multi-layered tile engine, where each value in a three dimensional array points to the image to use for that location in the rendered image. Think "Sonic the Hedgehog" via tilesets, tiles, maps, layers, sprites etc. Can anyone enlighten me: 1) How can I load an image that I can use as a texture in WebGL? 2) How can I dynamically select an image at run time and draw it at any co-ordinate, that I also select at run time?

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• What are cons of usage only non-member functions and POD?

  - by Miro

  I'm creating my own game engine. I've read these articles and this question about DOD and there was written to not use member functions and classes. I also heard some criticism to this idea. I can write it using member functions or non-member functions it would be similar. So what are benefits/cons of that approach or when project grows, does any of these approaches give clearer and better manageable code? With POD & non-member functions I don't have to make struct members public I can still use object id outside of engine like OpenGL does with all it's stuff, so It's not about encapsulation. POD - plain old data DOD - data oriented design

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• Drawing different per-pixel data on the screen

  - by Amir Eldor

  I want to draw different per-pixel data on the screen, where each pixel has a specific value according to my needs. An example may be a random noise pattern where each pixel is randomly generated. I'm not sure what is the correct and fastest way to do this. Locking a texture/surface and manipulating the raw pixel data? How is this done in modern graphics programming? I'm currently trying to do this in Pygame but realized I will face the same problem if I go for C/SDL or OpenGL/DirectX.

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• downgrade ppa packages to versions available at a previous point in time

  - by Will

  The backstory is that the normal Intel GPU drivers don't do the various OpenGL extensions that my hobby coding and some games want. So I have to install xorg-edgers and then its happy. However, last Wednesday or so there was an update to xorg-edgers - lots of packages - and it broke badly; the drivers lock up and take the whole computer with them; hard reset required. So how can you downgrade - select package versions in a PPA that represent a point in the past, ignoring versions newer than that?

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• Ubuntu 14.04 doesn't detect my discrete GPU

  - by user258887

  I recently purchased a laptop with an Nvidia GeForce 860m, and have installed Ubuntu 14.04. On my old laptop I had 12.04, which automatically filled Additional Drivers with Nvidia drivers. But on this computer, the only thing in Additional Drivers is Qualcomm. So I manually installed Nvidia, but X Server Settings doesn't seem to detect any GPU... lspci | grep VGA reports only my integrated Intel GPU, but lspci -v reports many things, including the Nvidia GPU: 01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 860M] (rev a2) Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 157d Flags: fast devsel, IRQ 16 Memory at ec000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at c0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M] I/O ports at e000 [size=128] Expansion ROM at ed000000 [disabled] [size=512K] Capabilities: access denied Don't know what any of that means. Not sure if it's supposed to say 'access denied'... I need my GPU to do CUDA and OpenGL programming. What else can I do to figure out why this isn't working?

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• 3D architecture app for Android or iPhone

  - by Manixate

  I want to make an app for 3D modeling on iPhone/Android. I cannot get the basic idea of how to get started. I have various options such as learning OpenGL ES, UDK or Unity3d but I want to create models(e.g architecture etc) in my app and then render them when user is finished modeling. I do not know if I am able to design models and then render them in the same app with various effects on the iPhone/Android using UDK or Unity3d. (Note: If you find this question unclear please ask, I may have skipped some vital information).

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• How to capture the screen in DirectX 9 to a raw bitmap in memory without using D3DXSaveSurfaceToFile

  - by cloudraven

  I know that in OpenGL I can do something like this glReadBuffer( GL_FRONT ); glReadPixels( 0, 0, _width, _height, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, _buffer ); And its pretty fast, I get the raw bitmap in _buffer. When I try to do this in DirectX. Assuming that I have a D3DDevice object I can do something like this if (SUCCEEDED(D3DDevice->GetBackBuffer(0, 0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &pBackbuffer))) { HResult hr = D3DXSaveSurfaceToFileA(filename, D3DXIFF_BMP, pBackbuffer, NULL, NULL); But D3DXSaveSurfaceToFile is pretty slow, and I don't need to write the capture to disk anyway, so I was wondering if there was a faster way to do this

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• Sprite/Tile Sheets Vs Single Textures

  - by Reanimation

  I'm making a race circuit which is constructed using various textures. To provide some background, I'm writing it in C++ and creating quads with OpenGL to which I assign a loaded .raw texture too. Currently I use 23 500px x 500px textures of which are all loaded and freed individually. I have now combined them all into a single sprite/tile sheet making it 3000 x 2000 pixels seems the number of textures/tiles I'm using is increasing. Now I'm wondering if it's more efficient to load them individually or write extra code to extract a certain tile from the sheet? Is it better to load the sheet, then extract 23 tiles and store them from one sheet, or load the sheet each time and crop it to the correct tile? There seems to be a number of way to implement it... Thanks in advance.

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• Can WebGL be used to create a tile-based multi-layer scrolling platform game?

  - by Nicholas Hill

  I've found WebGL (based on OpenGL) to be a fiendish and unforgiving framework for those learning to write HTML5-based games. Despite the presence of many examples on how to get started, I'm really struggling to understand how I could simply load a bunch of images and render them to a canvas quickly using WebGL. My specific scenario involves trying to render a map using a bespoke but simple multi-layered tile engine, where each value in a three dimensional array points to the image to use for that location in the rendered image. Think "Sonic the Hedgehog" via tilesets, tiles, maps, layers, sprites etc. Can anyone enlighten me: 1) How can I load an image that I can use as a texture in WebGL? 2) How can I dynamically select an image at run time and draw it at any co-ordinate, that I also select at run time?

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