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• International Pricing of Software [closed]

  - by arachnode.net

  I operate a small company that charges $99 for a piece of software. I'd like to know what would be a fair price for non-US customers. Today I sold a license to a party in South Africa. He told me he had been watching the project for two years while business justification could be made for the purchase as SA's currency is nine times weaker than the US dollar. I found this resource detailing how much a Big Mac costs in various countries: http://howmuchatyourplace.com/how_much_does/Big%20Mac_cost.php I realize that the cost of producing a Big Mac varies from locale to locale as does the demand for one. I am aware that many software companies charge prices in local currencies that equate to the price in US dollars. I am aware that my costs remain fixed, and I obviously I cannot discount the rate at which my time costs me. I'm OK with earning less per sale as I would rather get my software onto the desktops of those that need it rather than having them try to write it themselves. Support is light and I can usually point a user to an existing blog or forum post. Being a resident of Hawaii, I am aware that certain goods and services cost more here. Power is up to six times as much per KWH as it is in, say, Seattle, and wages are approximately 60% of what they are for my profession (programmer). I'd like to offer my software at a price that would be fair for everyone around the globe. If a currency is 2 foreign units to 1 US dollar, and goods and services cost 50% more and pay for an equivalent job is 50% of what it is here, should I charge, say, $50 instead of $99? Is there a resource which would allow me to input a price in US dollars and adjust for a list of international locations?

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• Randomly and uniquely iterating over a range

  - by Synetech

  Say you have a range of values (or anything else) and you want to iterate over the range and stop at some indeterminate point. Because the stopping value could be anywhere in the range, iterating sequentially is no good because it causes the early values to be accessed more often than later values (which is bad for things that wear out), and also because it reduces performance since it must traverse extra values. Randomly iterating is better because it will (on average) increase the hit-rate so that fewer values have to be accessed before finding the right one, and also distribute the accesses more evenly (again, on average). The problem is that the standard method of randomly jumping around will result in values being accessed multiple times, and has no automatic way of determining when each value has been checked and thus the whole range has been exhausted. One simplified and contrived solution could be to make a list of each value, pick one at random, then remove it. Each time through the loop, you pick one fromt he set of remaining items. Unfortunately this only works for small lists. As a (forced) example, say you are creating a game where the program tries to guess what number you picked and shows how many guess it took. The range is between 0-255 and instead of asking Is it 0? Is it 1? Is it 2?…, you have it guess randomly. You could create a list of 255 numbers, pick randomly and remove it. But what if the range was between 0-232? You can’t really create a 4-billion item list. I’ve seen a couple of implementations RNGs that are supposed to provide a uniform distribution, but none that area also supposed to be unique, i.e., no repeated values. So is there a practical way to randomly, and uniquely iterate over a range?

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• Offshoring: does it ever work?

  - by DanSingerman

  I know there has been a fair amount of discussion on here about outsourcing/offshoring, and the general opinion seems to be that at best it is difficult, and at worst it fails. I have direct experience of offshoring myself; a previous company where I was a dev manager wanted to send some development offshore, and we ran a pilot scheme to see how well it would work. Of course it was a complete failure, although it is not completely clear to me whether this was down to the offshore devs being less talented, the process, or other factors (no doubt it was really a combination). I can see as a business how offshoring looks attractive (much lower day rate), but as far as I can see, the only way it could possibly work is if you do exceptionally detailed design up front, with incredibly detailed specifications; and by the time you have invested in producing that, you have probably spent as nearly as much as if you had written the actual code locally (which I think is an instance of No Silver Bullet) So, what I want to know is, does anyone here have any experience of offshoring actually working ever? Especially if there are any success stories of it working in a semi-agile way? I know there are developers here from all over the World; has anyone worked on an offshore project they consider successful?

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• Using a random string to authenticate HMAC?

  - by mrwooster

  I am designing a simple webservice and want to use HMAC for authentication to the service. For the purpose of this question we have: a web service at example.com a secret key shared between a user and the server [K] a consumer ID which is known to the user and the server (but is not necessarily secret) [D] a message which we wish to send to the server [M] The standard HMAC implementation would involve using the secret key [K] and the message [M] to create the hash [H], but I am running into issues with this. The message [M] can be quite long and tends to be read from a file. I have found its very difficult to produce a correct hash consistently across multiple operating systems and programming languages because of hidden characters which make it into various file formats. This is of course bad implementation on the client side (100%), but I would like this webservice to be easily accessible and not have trouble with different file formats. I was thinking of an alternative, which would allow the use a short (5-10 char) random string [R] rather than the message for autentication, e.g. H = HMAC(K,R) The user then passes the random string to the server and the server checks the HMAC server side (using random string + shared secret). As far as I can see, this produces the following issues: There is no message integrity - this is ok message integrity is not important for this service A user could re-use the hash with a different message - I can see 2 ways around this Combine the random string with a timestamp so the hash is only valid for a set period of time Only allow each random string to be used once Since the client is in control of the random string, it is easier to look for collisions I should point out that the principle reason for authentication is to implement rate limiting on the API service. There is zero need for message integrity, and its not a big deal if someone can forge a single request (but it is if they can forge a very large number very quickly). I know that the correct answer is to make sure the message [M] is the same on all platforms/languages before hashing it. But, taking that out of the equation, is the above proposal an acceptable 2nd best?

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• Google penalty recovery

  - by sajeev

  I have a site, which is a spiritual site and has nothing to do with commercial or business thing. It was in the first page with the keyword RADHANATH SWAMI. Then suddenly, in sep'13, the site went out from google search. When I checked my WebmasterTools, I saw that there were 40,000 backlinks from a site named http://freeguestbooks.net. But manual action section in WebmasterToolssaid "No Manual webspam actions found" and till date, it shows the same. Then I contacted the webmaster of freeguestbooks.net and requested him to remove the 40K odd backlinks and he very kindly removed it. The WebmasterTools now shows 21,777 backlinks from this site. But since 2 months, the decrease rate of these backlinks is very slow, almost zero. Again, I had contacted the webmaster of freeguestbooks.net and he confirmed that there are no backlinks pointing to his site. I am also told that my anchor text is over-optimised... Total backlinks to my site as per WebmasterTools is only 24,937 out of which 21,777 are the links from freeguestbooks.net as shown in WebmasterTools. Could an expert suggest a way out to get back into google.... Sajeev, India

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• HDA NVidia (GT520) - Sound Issue

  - by Oliver Lucas

  I have an GT520 graphics card and I am trying to get the sound working with my XBMC setup and I'm having trouble. Things I have completed: aplay -l List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices card 0: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 then lspci 01:00.1 Audio device: nVidia Corporation HDMI Audio stub (rev a1) and alsamixer which is set to unmuted Everything looks well, so ran: aplay -D hw:0,3 /home/ollie/Music/alex.mp3 Playing raw data '/home/ollie/Music/alex.mp3' : Unsigned 8 bit, Rate 8000 Hz, Mono aplay: set_params:1059: Sample format non available Available formats: - S16_LE - S32_LE with no luck.. then speaker-test Playback device is default Stream parameters are 48000Hz, S16_LE, 1 channels Using 16 octaves of pink noise Playback open error: -2,No such file or directory also tried running through ftp://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/gpu-hdmi-audio-document/gpu-hdmi-audio.html#upgrading_alsa_driver and http://wiki.xbmc.org/index.php?title=HOW-TO:Setup_audio_over_HDMI_on_nVidia_GeForce/nForce_controller plus 20 other websites with selective "fixes" etc.. but no luck _< I am a complete beginner with Ubuntu so this is a really steep learning curve for me, not sure I'm learning much though as its all just headaches atm! Thanks for any help Ollie

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• Can too many 301 redirects cause a DNS error?

  - by Graham

  For a site http://imageocd.com that I just set up I initially spelled the category "automobiles" as "autimobiles"... I know it's rediculous. I then set up over 10,000 pages behind that category e.g. http://imageocd.com/automobiles/hillman-minx-cabrio-pictures-and-wallpapers. So, I set up over 10,000 301 url redirects to change the spelling on automobiles. I just checked my Google Webmasters report and got an error saying: http://www.imageocd.com/: Googlebot can't access your siteSep 7, 2012 Over the last 24 hours, Googlebot encountered 2 errors while attempting to retrieve DNS information for your site. The overall error rate for DNS queries for your site is 66.7%. Could the overabundance of 301 redirects be causing this? I host 13 sites on this dedicated server and all sites are running fine. I also contacted GoDaddy and they said the server is running fine. Any ideas on what might be going on? Also, I have "canonical" set up for every URL. Could this be part of the error? Thanks.

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• Alternatives to time tracking methodologies [closed]

  - by Brandon Wamboldt

  Question first: What are some feasible alternatives to time tracking for employees in a web/software development company, and why are they better options Explanation: I work at a company where we work like this. Everybody is paid salary. We have 3 types of work, Contract, Adhoc and Internal (Non billable). Adhoc is just small changes that take a few hours and we just bill the client at the end of the month. Contracts are signed and we have this big long process, the usual. We figure out how much to charge by getting an estimation of the time involved (From the design and the developers), multiplying it by our hourly rate and that's it. So say we estimate 50 hours for a website. We have time tracking software and have to record the time in 15 we spend on it (7:00 to 7:15 for example), the project name, and give it some comments. Now if we go over the 50 hours, we are both losing money and are inefficient. Now that I've explained how the system works, my question is how else can it be done if a better method exists (Which I'm sure one must). Nobody here likes the current system, we just can't find an alternative. I'd be more than willing to work after hours longer hours on a project to get it done in time, but I'm much inclined to do so with the current system. I'd love to be able to sum up (Or link) to this post for my manager to show them why we should use abc system instead of this system.

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• PS2 Eyetoy Recording Quality

  - by Fire

  I have Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and a PS2 eyetoy "Namtai". Don't worry - this is not the sterotypical " how do I get my eyetoy working" question. My eyetoy works fine on Cheese, gucview and various other media software like VLC. However, It seems like I am capped by 25fps. If I recall, the eyetoy is much better than this (~60fps) but cannot find any way to fix this. The best program that I have have found is VLC because its advanced options allow you to change many settings but the framerate setting appears to have no effect. What software or settings can I use to take full advantage of my eyetoy? To give you the full information I wish to attach multiple eyetoys to the system and record from all of them. (Security software like motion and zoneminder, I couldn't get installed correctly on my system- so I haven't tried those yet). edit - I tried the same camera on a Windows system and the frame rate is much better in VLC compared to the Ubuntu system. Mind you with default settings in Windows VLC, the resolution isn't great. However, in Skype for example the resolution is amazing and the framerate is good. It seems there must be some settings I am missing somewhere because it doesn't appear to be a hardware problem...

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• Customer Reviews on Company Listings [closed]

  - by GSTAR

  I'm not sure if this is the right place but I am after some general advice on a feature I am looking to implement on my website. The website I have is a Wedding Directory. Here, companies can advertise in the form of a directory listing. This listing contains the company details - such as what they do and how you can contact them. There are three packages available - Basic package is free and Silver and Gold packages are charged for. Now in order to further enhance the directory, I want to enable customer reviews for each listing. This is basically whereby customers who have used a particular company's service can write a review (and rate out of 5) of their experience. The dilemma I face is that if customers are to be paying for their listings then surely they will expect to not have content on their listing that would tarnish their reputation (i.e. negative reviews). But at the same time I want to be impartial and help my site visitors to make informed choices on which companies to book when arranging their weddings. Of course I will exercise my ability to remove offensive or fake reviews but I do not want to be removing reviews just to satisfy my clients. Suppose a client pays me a premium fee to have their listing on my front page and at the top of the listings. Now suppose that client gets lost of negative reviews - the fact that they have increased visibility means that they will also get increased bad publicity. This in turn means they won't renew their package and will most likely request the listing to be taken down. So, how can I get the right balance here and keep everyone happy?

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• How to fix Sketchup in Wine when tool starts, but displays empty workspace?

  - by Chaos_99

  I've installed wine 1.6 and winetricks in an Linux Mint 15 system, then downloaded the latest Sketchup2013 'Make' Windows-Installer and installed through wine. I've prepared the wine environment with starting as WINEARCH=win32, installed corefonts and ie8 and enabled the override for the 'riched20' libraries. (I've no idea what the last bit does, but it was advised in some guides.) I've also tried without these steps. Only the win32 seems to make a difference, as the installer will complain about not finding SP2 otherwise. Sketchup is installed successfully and starts, but displays an empty viewport. The program is responsive and everything works, it's just that you can't see anything. I don't get any OpenGL error and the registry entries seem fine, according to the OpenGL issue workarounds floating around the net. I still think it has something to do with OpenGL not working properly, maybe not in the wine environment, but in the linux system? I'm running on a Lenovo W520 with Nvida/Intel hybrid cards, but only the NVida card is active and the properitary nvidia (319) drivers are installed. GLXGears runs fine, but clamps at 2x the refresh rate. glxinfo outputs direct rendering: Yes server glx vendor string: NVIDIA Corporation server glx version string: 1.4 I'm willing to try any linux or wine OpenGL tests to narrow down the problem, if you can offer any advise on what to use.

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• Location Change Salary Differences [closed]

  - by GameDev

  DISCLAIMER: I know that this might be a "regional" question but I'm also asking for help as far as what resources to use to determine my decision. I'm currently talking to a recruiter for a game developer in the SF Bay area. I work in a relatively low-cost area in the south. I really want to get into game development but my current career is general web development. I'm very interested in taking the job, but my concern is that the amount they're willing to pay might be a relative pay cut. Here are some factors: It's not an entry-level position, the title is Senior Software Engineer. I have 5+ years of experience. The calculators online tell me that I should be expecting around 2x my current pay rate(http://www.bestplaces.net/col/). My current pay is in the mid $60k/yr, so that's like 120-130k. The recruiter told me at my experience level I can expect about $90-100/yr, and that those cost of living calculators were way off. The benefits will definitely be better, it's much larger company (help with commuting, catered meals, etc). But is the recruiter trying to give me a snow job on the pay scale, or is that a reasonable change from a smallish town in the south to somewhere in the SF bay area? How can I find this out? Glassdoor and Payscale seem to say "senior software developers" in that area make around 110 in median salary, but Payscale says it's closer to $135k, that range seems pretty large.

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• Why is text on my TV monitor all grainy?

  - by searchfgold6789

  I have successfully installed the Catalyst drivers and hooked up my 1080p TV to the Radeon HD 5750's HDMI port and now it is working. There only seems to be one issue - most images appear OK, at least to my eyes, but text is grainy and difficult to read (not sure how well it can be seen in the picture): It works fine with a smaller screen, and hopefully you can see it with the new pictures which are only slightly better, but images are rendered a little funny too. Changing antialiasing does nothing and changing the refresh rate only makes a slight change if any. The small monitor I have works fine. Smaller resolutions such as 1024x768 look OK but are the wrong aspect ratio. I have tried renaming the input mode on the TV to "PC", and that helped... a little bit. Also, I tried a different PC with the same result. Messing around extensively with the ATI Catalyst Control Center also did not help. I am wondering if there is anything else I can try to increase the quality so it is more usable.

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• Emailing Service: To or Bcc?

  - by Shelakel

  I'm busy coding a reusable e-mail service for my company. The e-mail service will be doing quite a few things via injection through the strategy pattern (such as handling e-mail send rate throttling, switching between Smtp and AmazonSES or Google AppEngine for e-mail clients when daily quotas are exceeded, send statistics tracking (mostly because it is neccessary in order to stay within quotas) to name a few). Because e-mail sending will need to be throttled and other limitations exist (ex. max recipient quota on AmazonSES limiting recipients to 50 per send), the e-mails typically need to be broken up. From your experience, would it be better to send bulk (multiple recipients per e-mail) or a single e-mail per recipient? The implications of the above would be to send to a 1000 recipients, with a limit of 50 per send, you would send 20 e-mails using BCC in a newsletter scenario. When sending an e-mail per recipient, it would send 1000 e-mails. E-mail sending is asynchronous (due to inherit latency when sending, it's typically only possible to send 5 e-mails per second unless you are using multiple client asynchronously). Edit Just for full disclosure, this service won't be used by or sold to spammers and will as far as possible automatically comply with national and international laws. Closed< Thanks for all the valuable feedback. The concerns regarding compliance towards laws, user experience (generic vs. personalized unsubscribe) and spam regulation via ISP blacklisting does make To the preferred and possibly the only choice when sending system generated e-mails to recipients.

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• Problems with dual monitor & resolutions, only in 14.04

  - by theLadder

  I installed Ubuntu 14.04 but i am having weird problems with my dual monitors and the resolutions. I also tried Xubuntu 14.04 and was having the same problem. I have one 32 inch LG TV with 1920x1080 and one monitor with 1280x1024 resolution. When i first start my 32 inch gets 1360x768, if i then try to change to 1920x1080, everythings looks fine and the prompt asking me if i want to keep settings comes up and starts the countdown, but after 2 seconds my computer freezes, and after a few more seconds it reboots itself. However, if i disable my smaller monitor first, i can change to 1920x1080 on my 32 inch without problems, but if i then activate the second monitor the same problem happens again. in Xubuntu 14.04 i can change the refresh rate, if i run the 32 inch at 30hz or 50hz everytying works, but i would like to be able to run it at 60hz. I'm currently running Xubuntu 13.10 without this problem. My graphics card is a ATI Radeon HD 4850. What is causing this problem, grahpics drivers? Kernel? Xorg? And how do i solve it?

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• Which is the way to pass parameters in a drawableGameComponent in XNA 4.0?

  - by cad

  I have a small demo and I want to create a class that draws messages in screen like fps rate. I am reading a XNA book and they comment about GameComponents. I have created a class that inherits DrawableGameComponent public class ScreenMessagesComponent : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.DrawableGameComponent I override some methods like Initialize or LoadContent. But when I want to override draw I have a problem, I would like to pass some parameters to it. Overrided method does not allow me to pass parameters. public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(); buffer.AppendFormat("FPS: {0}\n", framesPerSecond); // Where get framesPerSecond from??? spriteBatch.DrawString(spriteFont, buffer.ToString(), fontPos, Color.Yellow); base.Draw(gameTime); } If I create a method with parameters, then I cannot override it and will not be automatically called: public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, int framesPerSecond) { StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(); buffer.AppendFormat("FPS: {0}\n", framesPerSecond); spriteBatch.DrawString(spriteFont, buffer.ToString(), fontPos, Color.Yellow); base.Draw(gameTime); } So my questions are: Is there a mechanism to pass parameter to a drawableGameComponent? What is the best practice? In general is a good practice to use GameComponents?

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• Google Analytics API data for goals (funnels) doesn't match - how do they reconcile?

  - by bkgraham

  I have a Google Analytics account with a well-functioning funnel made up of 4 goals. I can query the API and get the data out, but it does not match the funnel report in Analytics. Without getting into specific values, I can give you an example with faked data. Here's how the funnel might look: Shopping Cart 100 > 100 > 20 80 (80%) Address Page 5 > 85 > 25 60 (71%) Payment Page 2 > 62 > 10 52 (84%) Checkout 1 > 53 (49.07% funnel conversion rate) Okay, so you would expect the API to output data something like this: goal1Starts goal1Completions goal1Abandons 100 80 20 goal2Starts goal2Completions goal2Abandons 85 60 25 goal3Starts goal3Completions goal3Abandons 62 52 10 goal4Starts goal4Completions goal4Abandons 53 53 0 Instead, it's different. Firstly, the abandons are associated with the following goal (so goal1 always has 0 abandons and goal4 always has 0 abandons. Okay, I can work with that. What's confusing is that the numbers are always a little different. The goal1Completions always match the report, as do the goal4Completions, but everything else is off by a small amount. Sometimes it's only 2 visits, other times it's off by 50. For the report above here's the kind of results I would tend to get: goal1Starts goal1Completions goal1Abandons 100 100 0 goal2Starts goal2Completions goal2Abandons 105 84 21 goal3Starts goal3Completions goal3Abandons 90 65 25 goal4Starts goal4Completions goal4Abandons 58 53 5 Here's what I know: Goal(n)Completions + Goal(n)Abandons = Goal(n)Starts Goal(n)Starts = Goal(n-1)Completions Goal(n)Starts - Goal(n-1)Completions != reported number entering at that level That third one is particularly disappointing. So, here's my question: What data do I need to pull from the API in order to recreate the counts in the Funnel report in Google Analytics? I don't need the pages exited to entering from - just the counts at every level.

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• Web-Service: How much would you charge? [closed]

  - by jacksbox

  I´ve to make an offer to a client who wants me to develope a web-service for him. I have some trouble calculating the pricing - can you help me? Here is a rough outline of the project: It´s a portal on which various artists and entertainers can register and administrate there profile (texts, gallerie, some embedded videos, choose categories and radius of offer, etc). Other user can browse the artists by 3-4 level categories and countries/staats. If someone wants to hire a artists, he can put them in an "shopping-basket" and can mail everyone in his basket. The Artists can answer them with a form on the website (he doesn't get the email of the other person). Users should be able to comment/rate the artists. But if an artists wants this comments/ratings visible on his profile he must pay, and after that, the admin of the site must activate this comments/ratings. So, no more information given, what would you charge (ca.)? Edit: It´ll be developed with php/codeigniter. A .psd design is already there.

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• Is my htaccess setting hurting SEO?

  - by Ramanonos

  I have a site that I have redirecting to https. I do this to leverage wildcard SSL for my password protected pages. Everything seems to work fine with testing. For example, whether you type in http or www, you always get redirected to the SSL https... That said, I have about 200-300 external backlinks -- many high quality, yet google webmaster (along with SEOMoz), shows I have just 4... Huh? I'm embarrassed to say I just discovered this. This has led me to hypothesize that maybe my settings in htaccess is messed up, so google isn't recognizing a link because it's recorded on another site as http, instead of https. Maybe? At any rate, here is my simple htaccess setting for 301 www to http, and from http to https. RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !443 RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 [L,R=301] RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 443 RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://example.com/$1 [L,R=301] Like I said, everything works fine for redirect over https, so I'd rather not screw up what works. On the other hand something is very wrong with google finding all my back links, so I need to fix something... I'm just wondering that maybe google isn't picking up a my backlinks from other websites recording me as http because I'm at https. Maybe google doesn't care and it's some other issue. Am I barking up the right tree? If so any quick fixes? Thanks as always!

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• Customer Highlight: NTT DOCOMO

  - by jeckels

  NTT DOCOMO is the largest mobile operator in Japan, and serves over 13 million smartphone customers. Due to their growing data processing and scalability needs, they turned to Oracle's Cloud Application Foundation products for an integral soultion. At Oracle OpenWorld 2012, we first showcased NTT DOCOMO as a customer who was utilizing Oracle Coherence to process mobile data at a rate of 700,000 events per second (and then using Hadoop for distributed processing of big data). Overall, this Led to a 50% cost reduction due to the ultra-high velocity traffic processing of their customers' events. Recently, on October 7th, 2013, Oracle and NTT DOCOMO were proud to again announce a partnership around another key component of Oracle CAF: WebLogic Server. WebLogic was recently deployed as the application platform of choice to run DOCOMO's mission-critical data system ALADIN, which connects nationwide shops and information centers. ALADIN, which also utilizes Oracle Database and Oracle Tuxedo, is based on Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE), which has allowed the company to operate smoothly while minimizing additional development and modification associated with the migration of application server products. We look forward to continuing to partner with NTT DOCOMO, and are proud that Oracle Cloud Application Foundation products are providing the mission-critical solutions - at scale - that DOCOMO requires. Want to learn more about how CAF products are working in the real world? Join us for a FREE Virtual Developer Day on November 5th from 9am-1pm Pacific Time!REGISTER NOW

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• Why most people change from being a contractor to full time at my companies, but not the other way around?

  - by ????

  I have seen most people changed from being a contractor to being a full time employee, but not the other way around. And that happened in startups that had maybe 20% chance of IPO or being acquired, and another that had maybe a 50% chance. As far as I know, the rate (even for a 3 year experience graphics designer, or a programmer), can be $75 to $80 an hour. While a programmer with 15 years of experience may get $120,000 per year. So, the programmer with 15 years of programming experience earns $10,000 per month. At the same time, the programmer with 3 year of experience or the graphics designer will get $14,000 per month ($80 x 22 days x 8 hours). I know I have to buy my own insurance, but I can't imagine buying those for $4,000 each month... maybe $200, $300 at most. I probably need to pay Social Security (FICA) both way (myself and as self-employed = $210 x 2), but still, each month there will be extra $3,000 of income. So is the above calculation correct? But most often, I do see contractors wanting or becoming full time, but not full time employees becoming a contractor. Does somebody know what the reason is?

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• Working in Germany (Munich) [closed]

  - by adri

  My husband and I are relocating to Munich in August (He's German). I have been looking for jobs online since I heard that software developers are in great demand. And by the looks of it, seems to be correct. There are lots of offers on line but I have a problem, my german is not spectacular. I would rate it as basic. Good to be a tourist but not good to write anything formal, not even my cover letter. So I was wondering how hard is really going to be to find a job for me with virtually no german (I'm studying, but good german is not going to happen over night). Also, would it be possible to secure a job before arriving to Germany? I have nearly 10 years of working experience developing software, mostly in .net (c#, vb, winForms, asp.net) but I also know java. 3 years experience as a team leader for groups of up to 8 people. In the last couple of years I've been working mostly on digitalization of documents (such as birth certificates and the like) but I'm more than willing to try other fields Also I speak English, Spanish, Italian, a bit of portuguese and of course a bit of german.

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• Parallelize code using CUDA [migrated]

  - by user878944

  If I have a code which takes struct variable as input and manipulate it's elements, how can I parallelize this using CUDA? void BackpropagateLayer(NET* Net, LAYER* Upper, LAYER* Lower) { INT i,j; REAL Out, Err; for (i=1; i<=Lower->Units; i++) { Out = Lower->Output[i]; Err = 0; for (j=1; j<=Upper->Units; j++) { Err += Upper->Weight[j][i] * Upper->Error[j]; } Lower->Error[i] = Net->Gain * Out * (1-Out) * Err; } } Where NET and LAYER are structs defined as: typedef struct { /* A LAYER OF A NET: */ INT Units; /* - number of units in this layer */ REAL* Output; /* - output of ith unit */ REAL* Error; /* - error term of ith unit */ REAL** Weight; /* - connection weights to ith unit */ REAL** WeightSave; /* - saved weights for stopped training */ REAL** dWeight; /* - last weight deltas for momentum */ } LAYER; typedef struct { /* A NET: */ LAYER** Layer; /* - layers of this net */ LAYER* InputLayer; /* - input layer */ LAYER* OutputLayer; /* - output layer */ REAL Alpha; /* - momentum factor */ REAL Eta; /* - learning rate */ REAL Gain; /* - gain of sigmoid function */ REAL Error; /* - total net error */ } NET; What I could think of is to first convert the 2d Weight into 1d. And then send it to kernel to take the product or just use the CUBLAS library. Any suggestions?

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• No sound after video card replaced (AMD Radeon HD 7770)

  - by Sean

  Issue: no sound System: Dual boot Windows 7 (sda) Ubuntu 12.04 (sdb) 2 harddrives Dell XPS 730 Video card: AMD Radeo HD 7770 Diamond Multimedia Sound card: Creative Labs SB X-Fi Additional info: My sound used to work. Then, my old video card (NVIDIA geforce 280) died. I bought and installed a new video card: Radeon HD 7770. After this, my sound no longer worked in ubuntu (Win7 audio still works). Everything else in ubuntu, such as video, works fine. I suspect it has something to do with the fact that the Radeon card includes sound capability. Problem Details: If I click on System Settings - Sound, the panel freezes and stops responding indefinitely. The sound volume icon at the top of the screen (by the clock) shows 3 dashes beside it "---", and an empty drop-down box shows if I click on it. (Possibly related to 1.) When I reboot my machine, I get the message: "gnome settings daemon not responding". I have to force the reboot. I reinstalled ubunbu (perserving my home directory) and the problem persists. Diagnostics info: Following procedure outlined here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshooting The following is a list of terminal commands, and their output: $ aplay -l List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices There is no listing beyond that, and the command freezes until I hit control-c $ lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio" 00:0f.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation MCP55 High Definition Audio (rev a2) Subsystem: Dell Device 0224 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 Memory at dfff0000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel -- 01:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Device aab0 Subsystem: Diamond Multimedia Systems Device aab0 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 43 Memory at dfefc000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel -- 03:0a.0 Audio device: Creative Labs SB X-Fi Subsystem: Creative Labs Device 6002 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 18 Memory at dbff4000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Memory at dbc00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2M] Memory at d4000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64M] I/O ports at 8c00 [size=32] Capabilities: <access denied> Notice the Diamond Multimedia Systems Device - that seems to be my video card sound. My video card is Diamond multimedia. Also there's the weird NVIDIA device in there. That must either be a remnant of my now removed NVIDIA graphics card, or else some kind of on-board thing. Not sure which. $ killall pulseaudio This allows me to open system settings - sound. But the "Test Sound" button makes no sound And the output volume + mute controls are greyed / disabled at 0 volume. It also allows me to click on the sound control in the "task bar" (beside the clock), and a volume slider drops down, but it is disabled / greyed at 0 volume. $ find /lib/modules/uname -r | grep snd /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-88pm860x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-tlv320aic3x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8900.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8978.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-tlv320dac33.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm9090.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-sta32x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-max98088.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-max9850.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-rt5631.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8903.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8580.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8523.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-max9877.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ads117x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8955.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8804.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-sgtl5000.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8750.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm2000.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-tlv320aic32x4.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ak4642.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ad193x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8753.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ak4535.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8985.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8350.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-dfbmcs320.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-cs42l51.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-tlv320aic26.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8737.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-uda1380.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8776.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8995.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-tpa6130a2.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8727.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm5100.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8991.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8510.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-jz4740-codec.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8400.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-lm4857.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8960.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-alc5623.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-cs4270.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-tlv320aic23.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8993.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8961.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8940.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-uda134x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ad1836.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8994.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8782.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-cs4271.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8974.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8983.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8962.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ak4641.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm-hubs.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8971.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8996.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wl1273.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-adav80x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-spdif.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-pcm3008.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-cx20442.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ak4671.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8711.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ad73311.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-max98095.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm9081.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8741.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm1250-ev1.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8988.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-adau1373.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8731.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-l3.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ssm2602.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-da7210.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-ak4104.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8904.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8728.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8770.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/codecs/snd-soc-wm8990.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/soc/snd-soc-core.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/synth/emux/snd-emux-synth.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/synth/snd-util-mem.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/snd-hrtimer.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/snd-hwdep.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/snd-pcm.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/snd-rawmidi.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/oss/snd-mixer-oss.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/snd-page-alloc.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/seq/snd-seq-midi.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/seq/snd-seq-dummy.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/seq/snd-seq-virmidi.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/seq/snd-seq-device.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/seq/snd-seq-midi-event.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/seq/snd-seq.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/seq/snd-seq-midi-emul.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/snd.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/core/snd-timer.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/snd-pdaudiocf.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pcmcia/vx/snd-vxpocket.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/usb/6fire/snd-usb-6fire.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/usb/snd-usbmidi-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/usb/caiaq/snd-usb-caiaq.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/usb/usx2y/snd-usb-usx2y.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/usb/usx2y/snd-usb-us122l.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/usb/snd-usb-audio.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/usb/misc/snd-ua101.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/opl3/snd-opl3-synth.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/opl3/snd-opl3-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/opl4/snd-opl4-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/opl4/snd-opl4-synth.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/snd-portman2x4.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/snd-serial-u16550.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/snd-mts64.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/snd-mtpav.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/mpu401/snd-mpu401.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/mpu401/snd-mpu401-uart.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/vx/snd-vx-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/snd-dummy.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/snd-aloop.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/pcsp/snd-pcsp.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/drivers/snd-virmidi.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/firewire/snd-firewire-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/firewire/snd-firewire-speakers.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/firewire/snd-isight.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/i2c/snd-tea6330t.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/i2c/other/snd-tea575x-tuner.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/i2c/other/snd-ak4113.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/i2c/other/snd-pt2258.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/i2c/other/snd-ak4117.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/i2c/other/snd-ak4xxx-adda.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/i2c/other/snd-ak4114.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/i2c/snd-cs8427.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/i2c/snd-i2c.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/emu10k1/snd-emu10k1-synth.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/emu10k1/snd-emu10k1.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/emu10k1/snd-emu10k1x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/korg1212/snd-korg1212.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/au88x0/snd-au8830.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/au88x0/snd-au8820.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/au88x0/snd-au8810.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/aw2/snd-aw2.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-sis7019.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-ens1371.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/vx222/snd-vx222.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-via82xx.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-es1968.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-atiixp-modem.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-cs4281.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-sonicvibes.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-intel8x0.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-maestro3.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/ac97/snd-ac97-codec.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-es1938.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-fm801.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/nm256/snd-nm256.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-realtek.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-cmedia.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-conexant.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-intel.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-analog.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-hdmi.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-idt.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-ca0110.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-cirrus.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-via.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-ca0132.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec-si3054.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/hda/snd-hda-codec.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/riptide/snd-riptide.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-ens1370.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-als4000.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-intel8x0m.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/ca0106/snd-ca0106.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-cs5530.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/cs5535audio/snd-cs5535audio.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-rme32.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/ymfpci/snd-ymfpci.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/ctxfi/snd-ctxfi.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-azt3328.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/cs46xx/snd-cs46xx.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/lx6464es/snd-lx6464es.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/ice1712/snd-ice1712.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/ice1712/snd-ice17xx-ak4xxx.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/ice1712/snd-ice1724.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/mixart/snd-mixart.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/ali5451/snd-ali5451.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/lola/snd-lola.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/oxygen/snd-oxygen-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/oxygen/snd-oxygen.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/oxygen/snd-virtuoso.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-via82xx-modem.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/pcxhr/snd-pcxhr.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-indigo.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-echo3g.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-mona.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-layla20.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-gina20.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-layla24.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-mia.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-indigoiox.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-darla24.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-indigoio.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-indigodjx.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-gina24.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-darla20.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/echoaudio/snd-indigodj.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-cmipci.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/asihpi/snd-asihpi.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-ad1889.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/rme9652/snd-rme9652.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/rme9652/snd-hdspm.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/rme9652/snd-hdsp.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/trident/snd-trident.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-atiixp.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-als300.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-bt87x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/pci/snd-rme96.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/opti9xx/snd-miro.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/opti9xx/snd-opti92x-ad1848.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/opti9xx/snd-opti93x.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/opti9xx/snd-opti92x-cs4231.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/gus/snd-gusextreme.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/gus/snd-interwave.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/gus/snd-gusmax.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/gus/snd-interwave-stb.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/gus/snd-gus-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/gus/snd-gusclassic.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/sb/snd-emu8000-synth.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/sb/snd-sb16-dsp.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/sb/snd-sbawe.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/sb/snd-sb8-dsp.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/sb/snd-sb-common.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/sb/snd-sb16.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/sb/snd-sb16-csp.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/sb/snd-sb8.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/sb/snd-jazz16.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/snd-es18xx.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/snd-azt2320.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/snd-cmi8330.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/snd-als100.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/msnd /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/msnd/snd-msnd-classic.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/msnd/snd-msnd-pinnacle.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/msnd/snd-msnd-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/cs423x/snd-cs4231.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/cs423x/snd-cs4236.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/es1688/snd-es1688-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/es1688/snd-es1688.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/snd-adlib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/ad1848/snd-ad1848.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/ad1816a/snd-ad1816a.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/galaxy/snd-azt1605.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/galaxy/snd-azt2316.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/wavefront/snd-wavefront.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/wss/snd-wss-lib.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/snd-sc6000.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/snd-sscape.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/kernel/sound/isa/snd-opl3sa2.ko

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• Programming doesn&rsquo;t have to be Magic

  - by Wes McClure

  In the show LOST, the Swan Station had a button that “had to be pushed” every 100 minutes to avoid disaster.  Several characters in the show took it upon themselves to have faith and religiously push the button, resetting the clock and averting the unknown “disaster”.  There are striking similarities in this story to the code we write every day.  Here are some common ones that I encounter: “I don’t know what it does but the application doesn’t work without it” “I added that code because I saw it in other similar places, I didn’t understand it, but thought it was necessary.” (for consistency, or to make things “work”) “An error message recommended it” “I copied that code” (and didn’t look at what it was doing) “It was suggested in a forum online and it fixed my problem so I left it” In all of these cases we haven’t done our due diligence to understand what the code we are writing is actually doing.  In the rush to get things done it seems like we’re willing to push any button (add any line of code) just to get our desired result and move on.  All of the above explanations are common things we encounter, and are valid ways to work through a problem we have, but when we find a solution to a task we are working on (whether a bug or a feature), we should take a moment to reflect on what we don’t understand.  Remove what isn’t necessary, comprehend and simplify what is.  Why is it detrimental to commit code we don’t understand? Perpetuates unnecessary code If you copy code that isn’t necessary, someone else is more likely to do so, especially peers Perpetuates tech debt Adding unnecessary code leads to extra code that must be understood, maintained and eventually cleaned up in longer lived projects Tech debt begets tech debt as other developers copy or use this code as guidelines in similar situations Increases maintenance How do we know the code is simplified if we don’t understand it? Perpetuates a lack of ownership Makes it seem ok to commit anything so long as it “gets the job done” Perpetuates the notion that programming is magic If we don’t take the time to understand every line of code we add, then we are contributing to the notion that it is simply enough to make the code work, regardless of how. TLDR Don’t commit code that you don’t understand, take the time to understand it, simplify it and then commit it!

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