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• What is meant by Scope of a variable?

  - by Appy

  I think of the scope of a variable as - "The scope of a particular variable is the range within a program's source code in which that variable is recognized by the compiler". That statement is from "Scope and Lifetime of Variables in C++", which I read many months ago. Recently I came across this in LeMoyne-Owen College courses: What exactly is the difference between the scope of variables in C# and (C99, C++, Java) when However a variable still must be declared before it can be used

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• Requirements/issue tracker similar to online spreadsheet

  - by Maxim Eliseev

  Is there a requirements/issue tracker software which is similar to Google spreadsheet? We have Fogbugz but I find it more heavyweight and slow than a simple spreadsheet. Is there a Fogbugz alternative which is - fast - can show issues/requirements as a spreadsheet (at) and allows in-place editing - supports tree structures (where issue can have child issues)? It is required for a small project. There will be 2 developers and 1-2 other users. I guess that only one user will be actively maintaining it. UPDATE I do not say that a spreadsheet is better than Fogbugz or similar tools. In fact I am looking for a tool which is similar to Fogbugz and could replace a spreadsheet, but faster than Fogbugz and has an additional feature (table-like mode). I'd like to find a tool which can operate in a mode which looks like a table (one row per issue) but has a rich set features (similar to Fogbugs and JIRA). I find Fogbugz (and similar tools) inconvenient because I must enter the web form in order to edit anything. In-place editing (when issues are shown as a table) would be much faster.

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• Dictionary as DataMember in WCF after installing .NET 4.5 [migrated]

  - by Mauricio Ulate

  After installing .NET Framework 4.5 with Visual Studio 2012, whenever I want to obtain the reference from a WCF service, my dictionaries are changed into arrays. For example, Dictionary<int, double> is changed into ArrayOfKeyValueOfintdoubleKeyValueOfintdouble. This happens in both Visual Studio 2012 and 2010 (both Express). I've reviewed my configuration and the dictionary data type in the service reference configuration is System.Collection.Generic.Dictionary. Changing this doesn't make a difference. Reverting to just using Visual Studio 2010 and .NET 4.0 is not an option.

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• Javascript: Safely upload a client data file

  - by Jeffrey Sweeney

  I'm (still) working on a template-based XML editing program. It's a GUI-based XML editor that only allows users to add certain tags and attributes based off the requirements. You can see the current version here for an idea. Now, I'd like to allow users to upload their own data templates, but I'm concerned about potential XSS hacks. Currently, the template file is in Javascript object literal notation, which unsurprisingly is a security nightmare if the user can upload their own. I was thinking of using XML instead, but is there an even better alternative?

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• Is monkeypatching considered good programming practice?

  - by vartec

  I've been under impression, that monkeypatching is more in quick and dirty hack category, rather than standard, good programming practice. While I'd used from time to time to fix minor issues with 3rd party libs, I considered it temporary fix and I'd submit proper patch to the 3rd party project. However, I've seen this technique used as "the normal way" in mainstream projects, for example in Gevent's gevent.monkey module. Has monkeypatching became mainstream, normal, acceptable programming practice? See also: "Monkeypatching For Humans" by Jeff Atwood

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• Tic Tac Toe Winner in Javascript and html [closed]

  - by Yehuda G

  I am writing a tic tac toe game using html, css, and JavaScript. I have my JavaScript in an external .js file being referenced into the .html file. Within the .js file, I have a function called playerMove, which allows the player to make his/her move and switches between player 'x' and 'o'. What I am trying to do is determine the winner. Here is what I have: each square, when onclick(this), references playerMove(piece). After each move is made, I want to run an if statement to check for the winner, but am unsure if the parameters would include a reference to 'piece' or a,b, and c. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Javascript: var turn = 0; a = document.getElementById("topLeftSquare").innerHTML; b = document.getElementById("topMiddleSquare").innerHTML; c = document.getElementById("topRightSquare").innerHTML; function playerMove(piece) { var win; if(piece.innerHTML != 'X' && piece.innerHTML != 'O'){ if(turn % 2 == 0){ document.getElementById('playerDisplay').innerHTML= "X Plays " + printEquation(1); piece.innerHTML = 'X'; window.setInterval("X", 10000) piece.style.color = "red"; if(piece.innerHTML == 'X') window.alert("X WINS!"); } else { document.getElementById('playerDisplay').innerHTML= "O Plays " + printEquation(1); piece.innerHTML = 'O'; piece.style.color = "brown"; } turn+=1; } html: <div id="board"> <div class="topLeftSquare" onclick="playerMove(this)"> </div> <div class="topMiddleSquare" onclick="playerMove(this)"> </div> <div class="topRightSquare" onclick="playerMove(this)"> </div> <div class="middleLeftSquare" onclick="playerMove(this)"> </div> <div class="middleSquare" onclick="playerMove(this)"> </div> <div class="middleRightSquare" onclick="playerMove(this)"> </div> <div class="bottomLeftSquare" onclick="playerMove(this)"> </div> <div class="bottomMiddleSquare" onclick="playerMove(this)"> </div> <div class="bottomRightSquare" onclick="playerMove(this)"> </div> </div>

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• Differences between TypeScript and Dart

  - by margabit

  Microsoft recently unveiled Typescript, a new JavaScript-like programming language. Some time ago, I heard about Dart, a new programming language created by Google to solve problems related to Javascript like performance, scalability, etc.. The purpose of both new languages seem the same to me.. What do you think? Are the purposes of the languages the same? What are the real differences about them?

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• Java IDE written in pure Java?

  - by Darestium

  Is there a Java IDE written in Java? I just got my year 9 DET laptop today at school, and there are all sorts of restrictions set in place. Somewhat annoyingly, you cannot run any executable other than the ones already installed on the system (for some reason they haven't disabled the use of Command Prompt, PowerShell, or strangely enough, regedit). They allow you to run Java executables, so I thought that would be the only way to be able to program on my crappy laptop at school (when I have finished all my work, naturally) :D Edit: By written in Java, I also mean that the executable, that is used to run the program, has the file extension ".jar", thus running on the JVM. Edit 2: I tried the DrJava IDE, and it worked great, thanks (I can compile and execute programs)! Regarding running Eclipse as through the command line using the command "java -jar "C:/Users.../org.eclipse..."". This results in an error producing a log saying file, the main error is: MESSAGE An error occurred while automatically activating bundle org.eclipse.ui.workbench (182). How do I fix this error (I much perfer working with Eclipse than any other IDE)? Edit 3: Regarding my last edit, just disregard it :D. I fixed the problem by downloading the latest version of Eclipse.

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• Evaluating mean and std as simulations are added

  - by Luca Cerone

  I have simulations that evaluate a certain value X. I run the simulations several times and save the value of X in a vector V. When all the runs have finished I evaluate the mean and standard deviation for the vector V. This approach works, but implies saving all the values for X. As my computer is quite old and with limited ram, I was wondering if there is a way to update the mean value M and the standard deviation S, knowing the value of X at the (n+1)-th run, and the values of M and S after n runs. How can I update the mean value and the standard deviation as simulations are added to the set? Please note that this is just a conceptual example, I don't save only one number X but thousands at each simulations, so I really have problems running a big number of runs if I have to keep all the past values into the memory.

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• Python C API return more than one value / object without building a tuple [migrated]

  - by Grisu

  I got the following problem. I have written a C-Extension to Python(2.7 / 3.2) to interface a self written software library. Unfortunately I need to return two values from the function where the last one is optional. In Python I tried def func(x,y): return x+y, x-y test = func(13,4) but test is a tuple. If I write test1,test2 = func(13,4) I got both values separated. Is there a possibility to return only one value without unpacking the tuple, i.e. the second(,.. third, ..fourth) value gets neglected? And if such a solution existst, how does it look for the C-API? Because return Py_BuildValue("ii",x+y,x-y); results in a tuple as well.

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• Is there a language between C and C++?

  - by Robert Martin

  I really like the simple and transparent nature of C: when I write C code I feel unencumbered by "leaky abstractions" and can almost always make a shrewd guess as to the assembly I'm producing. I also like the simple, familiar syntax for C. However, C doesn't have these simple, helpful doodads that C++ offers like classes, simplified non-cstring handling, etc. I know that it's all possible to implement in C using jump tables and the like, but that's a bit wordy at times, and not very type-safe for various reasons. I'm not a fan of the over-emphasis on objects in C++, though, and I'm gun shy of the 'new' operator and the like. C++ seems to have just a few too many hiccups to, for instance, be used as a system programming language. Does there exist a language that sits between C and C++ on the scale of widgets and doodads? Disclaimer: I mean this as purely a factual question. I do not intend to anger you because I don't share your view that C{,++} is good enough to do whatever I'm planning.

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• Does software rot refer primarily to performance, or to messy code?

  - by Kazark

  Wikipedia's definition of software rot focuses on the performance of the software. This is a different usage than I am used to; I had thought of it much more in terms of the cleanliness and design of the code—in terms of the code's having all the standard quality characteristics: readability, maintainability, etc. Now, performance is likely to go down when the code becomes unreadable, because no one knows what is going on. But does the term software rot have special reference to performance? or am I right in thinking it refers to the cleanliness of the code? or is this perhaps a case of multiple senses of the term being in common usage—from the user's perspective, it has do with performance; but for the software craftsman, it has to do more specifically with how the code reads?

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• Why PHP Function Naming so Inconsistent?

  - by Shamim Hafiz

  I was going through some PHP functions and I could not help notice the following: <?php function foo(&$var) { } foo($a); // $a is "created" and assigned to null $b = array(); foo($b['b']); var_dump(array_key_exists('b', $b)); // bool(true) $c = new StdClass; foo($c->d); var_dump(property_exists($c, 'd')); // bool(true) ?> Notice the array_key_exists() and property_exists() function. In the first one, the property name(key for an array) is the first parameter while in the second one it is the second parameter. By intuition, one would expect them to have similar signature. This can lead to confusion and the development time may be wasted by making corrections of this type. Shouldn't PHP, or any language for that matter, consider making the signatures of related functions consistent?

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• How to deal with ad-hoc mindsets?

  - by Rotian

  I joined a dev team of six two month ago. People are nice, all is good. But more and more I observe an ad-hoc mindset. Stuff gets quick fixed, at the cost of future usability, there is little testing and two people happily admitted, that they like to carry the knowledge around in their head, rather than to write it down. How to deal with this? I'd like to lead by example, but time is limited - I like architecting and actually implementing the stuff. But I'm afraid the ad-hoc mindset infects me and rather than striving for clearness and simplicity in design and code - which isn't simple to establish - I get pulled down the drain of an endless spiral of hacks on hacks - which no outsider can uncouple - just for schedule's and management's sake.

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• Why is Clean Code suggesting avoiding protected variables?

  - by Matsemann

  Clean Code suggests avoiding protected variables in the "Vertical Distance" section of the "Formatting" chapter: Concepts that are closely related should be kept vertically close to each other. Clearly this rule doesn't work for concepts that belong in separate files. But then closely related concepts should not be separated into different files unless you have a very good reason. Indeed, this is one of the reasons that protected variables should be avoided. What is the reasoning?

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• Is it wise to ask about design decisions made on a product during an interview?

  - by Desolate Planet

  I've been thinking about interview questions lately and I've been reflecting on bad interview experiences I've had in the past. One of particular note is where I had asked the interviewer why the team chose to use Spring over EJB3 in their product. The interviewer pretty much tore my face off, yelling "Because Spring is not the be all and end all of Java software development, do you want this job or not?". In response to this, I told him that this probably wasn't the job for me and I walked out the interview. He told me at the start of the interview that they had high stuff turnover, the product had gone from Modula 3 to Perl to Java then after asking him a technical question, he went in flames. It seemed obvious to me that he was toxic to the company with that kind of attitude. Question: Is it a good idea to probe on architectural choices taken in an interview? If not, why? From my own point of view, an interview is a two-way process. If the interviewers are testing me on my technical skills, I've got every right to ask them the same questions to 1) Figure out what their mindset and attitudes towards developing software solutions are and 2) To figure out if there are in line with how I would approach problems of that kind. It's very possible that the interviewer who got angry was a bad interviewer and forgot that an interview is a two-way process. If I was asked this, I would have simply said something along the lines of wanting to leverage the container more, but I certainly wouldn't have tried to put him in a state of meek capitulation. The interviewer in question was the lead developer in the team.

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• How can we plan projects realistically while accounting for support issues?

  - by Thomas Clayson

  We're having a problem at work: we're trying to schedule work so that we can assess time scales and get deadline dates. The problem is that it's difficult to plan for a project without knowing everything that's going to happen. For instance, right now we've planned all our projects through the start of December, however in that time we will have various in house and external meetings, teleconferences and extra work. It's all well and good to say that a project will take three weeks, but if there is a week's worth of interruption in that time then the date of completion will be pushed back a week. The problem is 3 fold: When we schedule projects the time scales are taken literally. If we estimate three weeks, the deadline is set for three week's time, the client is told, and there is no room for extension. Interim work and such means that we lose productive time working on the project. Sometimes clients don't have the time that we need to take to do the work, so they'll sometimes come to us and say they need a project done by the end of the month even when we think that the work will take two months - not to mention we already have work to be doing. We have a Gantt chart which we are trying to fill in with all the projects we have and we fill in timesheets, but they're not compared to the Gantt chart at all. This makes it difficult to say "Well, we scheduled 3 weeks for this project, but we've lost a week here so the deadline has to move back a week." It's also not professional to keep missing deadlines we've communicated to the client. How do other people deal with this type of situation? How do you manage the planning of projects? How much "extra" time do you schedule into a project to account for non-project work that occurs during a project? How do you deal with support issues and bugs and stuff? Things you can't account for during planning? UPDATE Lots of good answers thank you.

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• How to use the unit of work and repository patterns in a service oriented enviroment

  - by A. Karimi

  I've created an application framework using the unit of work and repository patterns for it's data layer. Data consumer layers such as presentation depend on the data layer design. For example a CRUD abstract form has a dependency to a repository (IRepository). This architecture works like a charm in client/server environments (Ex. a WPF application and a SQL Server). But I'm looking for a good pattern to change or reuse this architecture for a service oriented environment. Of course I have some ideas: Idea 1: The "Adapter" design pattern Keep the current architecture and create a new unit of work and repository implementation which can work with a service instead of the ORM. Data layer consumers are loosely coupled to the data layer so it's possible but the problem is about the unit of work; I have to create a context which tracks the objects state at the client side and sends the changes to the server side on calling the "Commit" (Something that I think the RIA has done for Silverlight). Here the diagram: ----------- CLIENT----------- | ------------------ SERVER ---------------------- [ UI ] -> [ UoW/Repository ] ---> [ Web Services ] -> [ UoW/Repository ] -> [DB] Idea 2: Add another layer Add another layer (let say "local services" or "data provider"), then put it between the data layer (unit of work and repository) and the data consumer layers (like UI). Then I have to rewrite the consumer classes (CRUD and other classes which are dependent to IRepository) to depend on another interface. And the diagram: ----------------- CLIENT ------------------ | ------------------- SERVER --------------------- [ UI ] -> [ Local Services/Data Provider ] ---> [ Web Services ] -> [ UoW/Repository ] -> [DB] Please note that I have the local services layer on the current architecture but it doesn't expose the data layer functionality. In another word the UI layer can communicate with both of the data and local services layers whereas the local services layer also uses the data layer. | | | | | | | | ---> | Local Services | ---> | | | UI | | | | Data | | | | | | | ----------------------------> | |

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• How can we distribute a client app to other non-US businesses?

  - by Simon

  I'm working on an app which acts as a client for our web service. We sell this service to businesses, and we want to distribute the app to their employees for free. The app will be customised for each client. If we were in the US, my understanding is that we'd ask them to enrol in the volume purchasing program, and submit a version of our app for each business, for enterprise distribution at the free price point However, the businesses aren't all in the US, so they can't enrol in the VPP. They have thousands of employees, so promo codes won't be sufficient. What are our alternatives?

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• A testing feedback/report tool?

  - by Mert

  I'm thinking of developing a pluggable test and assessment module. This tool will be used especially for desktop application projects to report and log errors, bugs, missing features and suggestions from testers. The tool will be plugged to the application by putting a small icon to the application itself. When pressed the tool will be visible where user can create entries about the application. Is there already a tool like that? I am not speaking about UI testing btw. For example, this tool might have a form consisting of Page name Environment information Entry type (can be bug, feature request, suggestion) Message User Info (name, contact etc) Date I think such a tool can greatly help testers prepare reports. Developers can understand the issue better and track all the reports.

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• Should I update blog posts or rewrite them as technology (and me) changes?

  - by Rachel

  I started a programming blog earlier this year, and since I started it some things have changed. Some changes are due to technology changing, some changes are due to my code libraries improving, and some (ok, probably most) are due to me changing as I learn more. I want to go back and completely re-write certain blog posts. Is it better to rewrite posts to remove old information and update them with new stuff, or to create entirely new posts and possibly take down old ones? I'm not talking about small changes to the code, or an extra few sentences, but complete rewrites with new code, new information, etc. Some things to consider are comments on the post, subscribers who receive updates when new posts are created, and user bookmarks.

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• "Oracle Certified Expert, Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 6 Java Persistence API Developer" Preparation

  - by Matt

  I have been working with Hibernate for a fews years now, and I want to solidify and demonstrate my knowledge by taking the Oracle JPA certification, also known as: "Oracle Certified Expert, Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 6 Java Persistence API Developer (CX-310-094)" There is a training course provided by Oracle: "Building Database Driven Applications with JPA (SL-370-EE6)" But this costs $1800 and I think it would be overkill for my needs. Ideally, I would like a self study guide that will cover everything in the exam. I have looked for books and these seem like possibilities: Pro JPA 2: Mastering the Java Persistence API (Expert's Voice in Java Technology) and Beginning Java EE 6 with GlassFish 3 2nd Edition (Expert's Voice in Java Technology) But these aren't checklist type study guides as far as I am aware. I found the official SCJP study guide very useful, but I think the equivalent text for the JPA exam isn't out yet. If anyone has taken this exam, I would be grateful to hear how you prepared for it. Thanks!

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• Using branchs for a mini project or module of project: Good practice?

  - by TheLQ

  In my repo I have 3 closely related mini projects: 1 server and 2 clients. They are all quite small (<3 files each). Since they are so small and so closely related I just dropped them in folders in one single repo. However now that I know I can't clone a single directory in my VCS of choice (Mercurial), I'm considering splitting them up. However I'm confused about general best practice: Is it okay to put different small projects in different branches, or should they all go in different repos? I'm currently leaning towards branching since I can't easily splice out the file history of the different projects but then your using a feature in a way it wasn't meant to be used.

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• How to develop "Client script library" for ASP.net controls and how do these work?

  - by Niranjan Kala

  I have been working on .Net platform for 2 years and right now I am working on DevExpress controls for 6 months. All these control have client-side Events which are under some ClientScript nameSpace of particular control, Which specify ClientInstanceName, methods and properties accessible at client side. For example Button1 is ClientInstanceName and Button1.Text is a property, with methods like these: Button1.SetValue(); Button1.GetValue(); In ASP.Net Controls, buttons have the ClientClick event that fires before the Server Side Click event. I have inspected and goggled to extend client side functionality in asp.net controls. For example: create a ClientInstanceName property for controls or CheckedChanged event for CheckBox / RadioButton control. I have tried using these MSDN articles: Injecting Client-Side Script from an ASP.NET Server Control Working with Client-Side Script I got much information and ideas from these articles on how to implement/extend these. All are working in the client side. protected override void AddAttributesToRender(HtmlTextWriter writer) { base.AddAttributesToRender(writer); string script = @"return confirm(""%%POPUP_MESSAGE%%"");"; script = script.Replace("%%POPUP_MESSAGE%%", this.PopupMessage.Replace("\"", "\\\"")); writer.AddAttribute(HtmlTextWriterAttribute.Onclick, script); } Here It is just setting up attribute to the button. but all client side interaction no control from server. Here is that I want to know: How can I implement such functionality to create methods, properties etc. on client side. For example I am creating a PopControl as in the above code snippet same behavior as like Ajax ModalPopupExtender That have OK Button related properties. Ajax Controls can be directed to perform work from server side code e.g. Popup1.show(); How can I do this with such client enabled controls implemented controls as windows do? I am learning creation of Ajax Controls but I do not want to use ScriptManager or depend on another control. Just some extension to standard controls. I am expecting for ideas and implementation methods for such functionality.

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• Make a controller a superclass in MVC design pattern

  - by Nikola

  I am really confused how to handle this. I have: model.Outsider model.SubContractor (which extends Outsider) Basically, Outsider would mean Supplier, but SubContractor is not a Supplier itself so I had to divide it somehow. I used to have model.Outsider (super class of the two bellow) model.Supplier model.SubContractor But Supplier didn't have any unique fields so I have removed it (Was this correct?) So, continuing, I have db layer which has: db.DBOutsider db.DBSubContractor (which again extends the top one) And I have no place to put my Supplier methods. I can do that in DBOutsider, but then DBSubContractor (which extends DBOutsider) would get unnecessary methods. Do I create a DBSupplier even though there is no such class in the model layer? Then again, going to controller layer. It is the same situation as db layer. I have OutsiderController and SubContractorController (which extends the first one) (is this correct in first place? to have an extended controller?). But I have no place to put the methods which are concerned with Supplier and if I put them in the OutsiderController the SubContractorController would recieve unneccessary methods. At the moment I am going for the extra DBSupplier and SupplierController classes, but I have no idea if this is the correct way. Basically what perplexes me is the "empty" Supplier. Since it is supposed to be an Outsider but has no extra methods or fields, should there be an empty class?

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