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Is functional programming a superset of object oriented?

- by Jimmy Hoffa

The more functional programming I do, the more I feel like it adds an extra layer of abstraction that seems like how an onion's layer is- all encompassing of the previous layers. I don't know if this is true so going off the OOP principles I've worked with for years, can anyone explain how functional does or doesn't accurately depict any of them: Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, Polymorphism I think we can all say, yes it has encapsulation via tuples, or do tuples count technically as fact of "functional programming" or are they just a utility of the language? I know Haskell can meet the "interfaces" requirement, but again not certain if it's method is a fact of functional? I'm guessing that the fact that functors have a mathematical basis you could say those are a definite built in expectation of functional, perhaps? Please, detail how you think functional does or does not fulfill the 4 principles of OOP.

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Is it useful to unit test methods where the only logic is guards?

- by Vaccano

Say I have a method like this: public void OrderNewWidget(Widget widget) { if ((widget.PartNumber > 0) && (widget.PartAvailable)) { WigdetOrderingService.OrderNewWidgetAsync(widget.PartNumber); } } I have several such methods in my code (the front half to an async Web Service call). I am debating if it is useful to get them covered with unit tests. Yes there is logic here, but it is only guard logic. (Meaning I make sure I have the stuff I need before I allow the web service call to happen.) Part of me says "sure you can unit test them, but it is not worth the time" (I am on a project that is already behind schedule). But the other side of me says, if you don't unit test them, and someone changes the Guards, then there could be problems. But the first part of me says back, if someone changes the guards, then you are just making more work for them (because now they have to change the guards and the unit tests for the guards). For example, if my service assumes responsibility to check for Widget availability then I may not want that guard any more. If it is under unit test, I have to change two places now. I see pros and cons in both ways. So I thought I would ask what others have done.

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Enterprise Java and Hibernate [closed]

- by KyelJmD

I am now done learning the JavaSE. Now , I want to jump out of my comfort zone and learn how to program /create web applications using java. First My Question: What is the difference between Enterprise Java and Hibernate? are they a like? or Hibernate is a framework for java? Now that I am done learning "Core" java I need to move ahead. what are the things I need to learn to use Hibernate? and learn java. as of now I have no idea where should I go after learning "core java". and I don't know what path to go to

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To display the field values submitted with AJAX [closed]

- by work

Here is the code:I want to post the field values entered in this code to the page ajaxpost.php using Ajax and then do some operations there. What would be code required to be written in ajaxpost.php <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript"> function loadXMLDoc() { var xmlhttp; if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } else {// code for IE6, IE5 xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function() { if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200) { document.getElementById("myDiv").innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText; } } var zz=document.f1.dd.value; //alert(zz); var qq= document.f1.cc.value; xmlhttp.open("POST","ajaxpost.php",true); xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); xmlhttp.send("dd=zz&cc=qq"); } </script> </head> <body> <h2>AJAX</h2> <form name="f1"> <input type="text" name="dd"> <input type="text" name="cc"> <button type="button" onclick="loadXMLDoc()">Request data</button> <div id="myDiv"></div> </form> </body> </html>

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Build one to throw away vs Second-system effect

- by m3th0dman

One one hand there is an advice that says "Build one to throw away". Only after finishing a software system and seeing the end product we realize what went wrong in the design phase and understand how we should have really done it. On the other hand there is the "second-system effect" which says that the second system of the same kind that is designed is usually worse than the first one; there are many features that did not fit in the first project and were pushed into the second version usually leading to overly complex and overly engineered. Isn't here some contradiction between these principles? What is the correct view over the problems and where is the border between these two? I believe that these "good practices" are were firstly promoted in the seminal book The Mythical Man-Month by Fred Brooks. I know that some of these issues are solved by Agile methodologies, but deep down, the problem is still the principles still stand; for example we would not make important design changes 3 sprints before going live.

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Programming and Ubiquitous Language (DDD) in a non-English domain

- by Sandor Drieënhuizen

I know there are some questions already here that are closely related to this subject but none of them take Ubquitous Language as the starting point so I think that justifies this question. For those who don't know: Ubiquitous Language is the concept of defining a (both spoken and written) language that is equally used across developers and domain experts to avoid inconsistencies and miscommunication due to translation problems and misunderstanding. You will see the same terminology show up in code, conversations between any team member, functional specs and whatnot. So, what I was wondering about is how to deal with Ubiquitous Language in non-English domains. Personally, I strongly favor writing programming code in English completely, including comments but ofcourse excluding constants and resources. However, in a non-English domain, I'm forced to make a decision either to: Write code reflecting the Ubiquitous Language in the natural language of the domain. Translate the Ubiquitous Language to English and stop communicating in the natural language of the domain. Define a table that defines how the Ubiquitous Language translates to English. Here are some of my thoughts based on these options: 1) I have a strong aversion against mixed-language code, that is coding using type/member/variable names etc. that are non-English. Most programming languages 'breathe' English to a large extent and most of the technical literature, design pattern names etc. are in English as well. Therefore, in most cases there's just no way of writing code entirely in a non-English language so you end up with a mixed languages. 2) This will force the domain experts to start thinking and talking in the English equivalent of the UL, something that will probably not come naturally to them and therefore hinders communication significantly. 3) In this case, the developers communicate with the domain experts in their native language while the developers communicate with each other in English and most importantly, they write code using the English translation of the UL. I'm sure I don't want to go for the first option and I think option 3 is much better than option 2. What do you think? Am I missing other options?

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Good Software Architecture book or material?

- by Inder Kumar Rathore

I am a programmer and there is always a word going around about the architecture of the application/software. I want to gain some knowledge about how to develop good architecture. I know it is something that comes with the experience but I need some start so that I can practice it and get some good experience. So Please refer a good book for architecture. I know "Head first design patterns" is there, should I go for it or is there some good books also. Thanks

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Localization in php, best practice or approach?

- by sree

I am Localizing my php application. I have a dilemma on choosing best method to accomplish the same. Method 1: Currently am storing words to be localized in an array in a php file <?php $values = array ( 'welcome' => 'bienvenida' ); ?> I am using a function to extract and return each word according to requirement Method 2: Should I use a txt file that stores string of the same? <?php $welcome = 'bienvenida'; ?> My question is which is a better method, in terms of speed and effort to develop the same and why? Edit: I would like to know which method out of two is faster in responding and why would that be? also, any improvement on the above code would be appreciated!!

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Does double-shifting as a PM affect your developer-productivity?

- by Roopesh Shenoy

Has it ever happened to you that you are a good developer but suddenly you need to lead a team or are responsible for some PM activities as well? Did you find that it affected your productivity? How did you handle it? I love my job, but I sometimes feel I was much happier as a programmer and the additional burden of being a Project Manager is currently affecting my productivity as a developer. What do you guys suggest as remedies to this? I do not have an alternative currently to quit from my job - basically because Im working for a startup that I co-founded.

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Is it a bug or a task when something doesn't work, yet, in development process

- by Patkos Csaba

We usually have this dilemma in our team. Sometimes, in order to implement a task or a story we find out that the system must be in a specific state. For example, a specific system configuration has to be made beforehand. The task / story can be completed and it is working as specified on it with the proper configuration in place. Note that the configuration is not directly related with the task. Next, we have to create a new ... ??? ... something for the process of generating that configuration file. This is where the problems appear. Some say that it is a bug others say it is a task or an extra feature. So, where is the limit between bugs and tasks in the development phase? Should we even consider something a bug if all the tasks are working as stated in their definitions? Can a thing be considered a bug because one compares it to the current (unstable) state of the system? Short example: A feature requires configuring a communication service for a specific operation. In the process of the implementation the team discovers that the service requires the hostnames of the pears to be resolvable to an IP address. The team adds the hostnames to the DNS server (or hosts files) and continues implementing the required feature. After the initial feature is working, a question is risen. Should the sysadmin configure the DNS or hosts file or should our application do it automatically? An automatic solution is possible. So a decision is made to implement it. ... here start the discussions ... is this a bug or an extra feature / task? PS: I know that I mixed feature / task / story in the question. It is intentional. I am interested in separating bugs from the rest. Doesn't matter what the rest means in a particular case.

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I'm tasked with leading the documentation effort for an existing, entirely undocumented, software product - what resources are there to help me?

- by Ben Rose

I'm a software developer at a technology company. I have been tasked with leading the documentation effort for the product I work on. The goal is to produce documentation internal to developer, and the project spills over into the business side, where it covers requirements documentation. This project is challenging. Specifically, I'm dealing with a product which: - has been around for a long time, at least 6 years. - has no form of documentation other than some small, outdated pieces here and there. - has comments in the code, but they are technical and do not convey any over-arching behavior (even on technical side). - as a consequence of having little to no documentation, is often unnecessarily complex under the covers In addition, we have not been given a lot of time to work on this project. I do not have any formal documentation or writing background, training, or experience. I have displayed some ability in writing/communication around the office, which may be why I was assigned to this project. Please share your advice or recommendation for resources to help me prepare and deal with this project. I'm looking for references to books/website/forums/whatever, to help me come up with the design of a plan with milestones, learn about best practices, task delegation, templates, buy-in, etc. I'm hoping specifically for resources targeting or giving special mention of introducing good documentation to existing, undocumented, projects. I would be very grateful for your responses. Ben

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How to depict Import a file action in the Sequence diagram

- by user970696

Everyone says sequence diagrams are so easy but I just cannot figure this out. Basically user clicks on an 'Import from temp folder' button, the program opens a window with a list populated with filenames, user clicks on a filename, clicks on OK and the document is imported. I know the order of the actions but how to depict e.g. populating a list, or selecting an item from a list? So I assume the objects would be like: [USER] [ImportDialogWindow] [ListOfFiles:STRING] [?where to go with selected file]

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Scalable solution for website polling

- by Tom Irving

I'm looking to add push notifications to one of my iOS apps. The app is a client for a website which doesn't offer push notifications. What I've come up with so far: App sends a message to home server when transitioning to background, asking the server to start polling the website for the logged in user. The home server starts a new process to poll for that user. Polling happens every so many seconds / minutes. When the user returns to the iOS app, the app sends a message to the home server to stop polling. The home server kills the process polling for the user. Repeat. The problem is that this soon becomes stupid: 100s of users means 100s of different processes. It's just not scalable in the slighest. What I've written so far is in PHP, using CURL to do the polling and I started with PHP a few days ago, so maybe I'm missing something obvious that could help me with this. Some advice would be great.

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Are there any resources on how to identify problems that could best be solved with templates?

- by sap

I decided to improve my knowledge in template meta-programming. I know the syntax and rules and been playing with counteless examples from online resources. I understand how powerful templates can be and how much compile time optimization they can provide but I still cant "think in templates", I can't seem to know by myself if a certain problem could be best solved with templates and if it can, how to adapt that problem to templates. Is there some kind of online resource or book that teaches how to identify problems that could best be solved with templates and how to adapt that problem?

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how to improve design ability

- by Cong Hui

I recently went on a couple of interviews and all of them asked a one or two design questions, like how you would design a chess, monopoly, and so on. I didn't do good on those since I am a college student and lack of the experience of implementing big and complex systems. I figure the only way to improve my design capability is to read lots of others' code and try to implement myself. Therefore, for those companies that ask these questions, what are their real goals in this? I figure most of college grads start off working in a team guided by a senior leader in their first jobs. They might not have lots of design experience fresh out of colleges. Anyone could give pointers about how to practice those skills? Thank you very much

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Understanding Visitor Pattern

- by Nezreli

I have a hierarchy of classes that represents GUI controls. Something like this: Control-ContainerControl-Form I have to implement a series of algoritms that work with objects doing various stuff and I'm thinking that Visitor pattern would be the cleanest solution. Let take for example an algorithm which creates a Xml representaion of a hierarchy of objects. Using 'classic' approach I would do this: public abstract class Control { public virtual XmlElement ToXML(XmlDocument document) { XmlElement xml = document.CreateElement(this.GetType().Name); // Create element, fill it with attributes declared with control return xml; } } public abstract class ContainerControl : Control { public override XmlElement ToXML(XmlDocument document) { XmlElement xml = base.ToXML(document); // Use forech to fill XmlElement with child XmlElements return xml; } } public class Form : ContainerControl { public override XmlElement ToXML(XmlDocument document) { XmlElement xml = base.ToXML(document); // Fill remaining elements declared in Form class return xml; } } But I'm not sure how to do this with visitor pattern. This is the basic implementation: public class ToXmlVisitor : IVisitor { public void Visit(Form form) { } } Since even the abstract classes help with implementation I'm not sure how to do that properly in ToXmlVisitor. Perhaps there is a better solution to this problem. The reason that I'm considering Visitor pattern is that some algorithms will need references not available in project where the classes are implemented and there is a number of different algorithms so I'm avoiding large classes. Any thoughts are welcome.

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Working for free?

- by Jonny

I came across this article Work for Free that got me thinking. The goal of every employer is to gain more value from workers than the firm pays out in wages; otherwise, there is no growth, no advance, and no advantage for the employer. Conversely, the goal of every employee should be to contribute more to the firm than he or she receives in wages, and thereby provide a solid rationale for receiving raises and advancement in the firm. I don't need to tell you that the refusenik didn't last long in this job. In contrast, here is a story from last week. My phone rang. It was the employment division of a major university. The man on the phone was inquiring about the performance of a person who did some site work on Mises.org last year. I was able to tell him about a remarkable young man who swung into action during a crisis, and how he worked three 19-hour days, three days in a row, how he learned new software with diligence, how he kept his cool, how he navigated his way with grace and expertise amidst some 80 different third-party plug-ins and databases, how he saw his way around the inevitable problems, how he assumed responsibility for the results, and much more. What I didn't tell the interviewer was that this person did all this without asking for any payment. Did that fact influence my report on his performance? I'm not entirely sure, but the interviewer probably sensed in my voice my sense of awe toward what this person had done for the Mises Institute. The interviewer told me that he had written down 15 different questions to ask me but that I had answered them all already in the course of my monologue, and that he was thrilled to hear all these specifics. The person was offered the job. He had done a very wise thing; he had earned a devotee for life. The harder the economic times, the more employers need to know what they are getting when they hire someone. The job applications pour in by the buckets, all padded with degrees and made to look as impressive as possible. It's all just paper. What matters today is what a person can do for a firm. The resume becomes pro forma but not decisive under these conditions. But for a former boss or manager to rave about you to a potential employer? That's worth everything. What do you think? Has anyone here worked for free? If so, has it benefited you in any way? Why should(nt) you work for free (presuming you have the money from other means to keep you going)? Can you share your experience? Me, I am taking a year out of college and haven't gotten a degree yet so that's probably why most of my job applications are getting ignored. So im thinking about working for free for the experience?

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Are there open source alternatives to Bitbucket, Github, Kiln, and similar DVCS browsing and management tools?

- by Ryan Taylor

I am aware of several tools/services that provide DVCS browsing and management such as Bitbucket, Github, Kiln, SCM-Manager and Rhodecode. However, the use case I am considering is one such that: Any source code must reside on an employers internal servers. The solution must be open source. It should provide a Bitbucket or Github like experience, including a project wiki, repository browsing and management, and social coding aspects such as code review. The solution should have mercurial support (if not support for other DVCSs). Of these, only SCM-Manager and RhodeCode come close as they can be installed on your own servers and are open source. However they do not have the Bitbucket or Github experience. There is no issue tracker or wiki and the UI, while functional, is not up to par with Github or Bitbucket. I can get close with Trac or Redmine with their repository browsers but unfortunately they do not have any repository management capabilities. Are there other open source tools out there that would provide a similar experience to Bitbucket, Github or Kiln?

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Using an AGPL 3.0-licensed library for extra functionality in an iOS app

- by Arnold Sakhnov

I am building an iOS application, and I am planning to incorporate an AGPL 3.0-licensed library to it to provide some extra (non-essential) functionality. I’ve got a couple of questions regarding this: Do I understand it right that this still obliges me to publish the source of my app open? If yes, does it have to be open to the general public, or only to those who have downloaded the app? Does this allow me to distribute the app for a fee?

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Organizing Git repositories with common nested sub-modules

- by André Caron

I'm a big fan of Git sub-modules. I like to be able to track a dependency along with its version, so that you can roll-back to a previous version of your project and have the corresponding version of the dependency to build safely and cleanly. Moreover, it's easier to release our libraries as open source projects as the history for libraries is separate from that of the applications that depend on them (and which are not going to be open sourced). I'm setting up workflow for multiple projects at work, and I was wondering how it would be if we took this approach a bit of an extreme instead of having a single monolithic project. I quickly realized there is a potential can of worms in really using sub-modules. Supposing a pair of applications: studio and player, and dependent libraries core, graph and network, where dependencies are as follows: core is standalone graph depends on core (sub-module at ./libs/core) network depdends on core (sub-module at ./libs/core) studio depends on graph and network (sub-modules at ./libs/graph and ./libs/network) player depends on graph and network (sub-modules at ./libs/graph and ./libs/network) Suppose that we're using CMake and that each of these projects has unit tests and all the works. Each project (including studio and player) must be able to be compiled standalone to perform code metrics, unit testing, etc. The thing is, a recursive git submodule fetch, then you get the following directory structure: studio/ studio/libs/ (sub-module depth: 1) studio/libs/graph/ studio/libs/graph/libs/ (sub-module depth: 2) studio/libs/graph/libs/core/ studio/libs/network/ studio/libs/network/libs/ (sub-module depth: 2) studio/libs/network/libs/core/ Notice that core is cloned twice in the studio project. Aside from this wasting disk space, I have a build system problem because I'm building core twice and I potentially get two different versions of core. Question How do I organize sub-modules so that I get the versioned dependency and standalone build without getting multiple copies of common nested sub-modules? Possible solution If the the library dependency is somewhat of a suggestion (i.e. in a "known to work with version X" or "only version X is officially supported" fashion) and potential dependent applications or libraries are responsible for building with whatever version they like, then I could imagine the following scenario: Have the build system for graph and network tell them where to find core (e.g. via a compiler include path). Define two build targets, "standalone" and "dependency", where "standalone" is based on "dependency" and adds the include path to point to the local core sub-module. Introduce an extra dependency: studio on core. Then, studio builds core, sets the include path to its own copy of the core sub-module, then builds graph and network in "dependency" mode. The resulting folder structure looks like: studio/ studio/libs/ (sub-module depth: 1) studio/libs/core/ studio/libs/graph/ studio/libs/graph/libs/ (empty folder, sub-modules not fetched) studio/libs/network/ studio/libs/network/libs/ (empty folder, sub-modules not fetched) However, this requires some build system magic (I'm pretty confident this can be done with CMake) and a bit of manual work on the part of version updates (updating graph might also require updating core and network to get a compatible version of core in all projects). Any thoughts on this?

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I need some career guidance, please.

- by user18956

Hi, I have been a teacher of guitar and music theory for the last ten years or so, and I have decided to get out of it and pursue something involving computers, but I am very confused about it all. I have no training related to programming besides a knowledge of xhtml and css - which I realize are not even programming languages. My problem is that I know I want to do something with either making video games, computer/online applications, or some other programming job, but I haven't a clue how to begin. I picked up a book from the Head First series entitled, Head First Programming that uses Python to teach programming concepts, but after that, I don't really know what is a good direction for me in terms of balancing career satisfaction with job availability and acceptable pay. I am not looking for a huge salary, I just want to be able to survive doing something I love, and which challenges me. I don't know even a single person involved in a related field, so I am in need of guidance. The first thing I would like to know is whether pursuing a career as a programmer for video games is a realistic option. I love video games, and play them all the time, and I have always wanted to make them. If this is an option, what would be the recommended course of action? What is a good language or technology to get involved in for the job market now? I have read that PHP/MySQL is a good place to find a job for some. Can I find a job without school, or do I need to got o college? Also, will the Python I learn in this book translate into any other language I need to learn? If it is anything like music, then I am sure it will, but I don't know much about programming - yet. And last, yet perhaps most important, is thirty years old too old to take such a radical redirection in careers? Thank you for any help you can offer. I really need it.

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Is there a variable width font that does not change width when adding effects like bold, italic?

- by George Bailey

NetBeans has a word wrap feature now - but if the font changes width when bold then it gets all jumpy and sometimes hard to work with. Edit: It turns out that even with Courier New that NetBeans word wrap still jumps up and down lines at a time at random. I guess that this question no longer cares for an answer. However,, it seems that there is no answer. (at least nobody has brought one up yet) I am currently using Comic Sans MS which gets wider when bold.

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What is constructor injection?

- by TheSilverBullet

I have been looking at the terms constructor injection and dependency injection while going through articles on (Service locator) design patterns. When I googled about constructor injection, I got unclear results, which prompted me to check in here. What is constructor injection? Is this a specific type of dependency injection? A canonical example would be a great help! Edit Revisiting this questions after a gap of a week, I can see how lost I was... Just in case anyone else pops in here, I will update the question body with a little learning of mine. Please do feel free to comment/correct. Constructor injection and property injection are two types of Dependency Injection.

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How to increase ad revenue

- by Brian515

I have an Android game in which I've included ads from Millennial Media and Admob. Between these two networks, my fill rate is consistently above 95%. Right now, I'm getting over 45,000 requests for ads per day, and I'm starting to see exponential growth. But, my eCpm for both Millennial and Admob is ridiculously low. Millennial's is $.12 and Admob's is $.01. I've been reading some other posts and it seems like people are getting between $1 and $4 per 1,000 views. How can increase mine? Thank you!

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Need an idea for an iOS project for a trainee to prove his skills

- by Umair Khan Jadoon

I am teaching iOS development to a trainee who has recently joined our startup. He already has strong background and experience in .net. At first phase, he will learn the following things: Basics of Objective C. Views and View Controllers(Navigation, Table, Tabs), gester recognizers, table views, segues etc. Protocols, gesters, delegates. Blocks and multithreading. Now, I have to give him some kind of homework assignment or project to get his skills to action and to know what he has learnt. Any ideas?

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