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• Suggestions needed on an architecture for a multiple clients and customisable web application

  - by ValidfroM

  Our product is a web based course managemant system. We have 10+ clients and in future we may get more clients. (Asp.net,SQL Server) Currently if one of our customers need extra functionality or customised business logic, we will change the db schema and code to meet the needs. (we only have one branch code base and one database schema) To make the change wont affect each others route, we use a client flag, which defined in a web config file, thus those extra fields and biz logic only applied to a particular customer's system. if(ClientId = 'ABC') { //DO ABC Stuff } else { //Normal Route } One of our senior colleagues said, in this way, small company like us can save resources on supporting multiple resources. But what I feel is, this strategy makes our code and database even harder to maintain. Anyone there crossed similar situation? How do you handle that?

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• Better solution then simple factory method when concrete implementations have different attributes

  - by danip

  abstract class Animal { function eat() {..} function sleep() {..} function isSmart() } class Dog extends Animal { public $blnCanBark; function isSmart() { return $this->blnCanBark; } } class Cat extends Animal { public $blnCanJumpHigh; function isSmart() { return $this->blnCanJumpHigh; } } .. and so on up to 10-20 animals. Now I created a factory using simple factory method and try to create instances like this: class AnimalFactory { public static function create($strName) { switch($strName) { case 'Dog': return new Dog(); case 'Cat': return new Cat(); default: break; } } } The problem is I can't set the specific attributes like blnCanBark, blnCanJumpHigh in an efficient way. I can send all of them as extra params to create but this will not scale to more then a few classes. Also I can't break the inheritance because a lot of the basic functionality is the same. Is there a better pattern to solve this?

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• Can a NodeJS webserver handle multiple hostnames on the same IP?

  - by Matthew Patrick Cashatt

  I have just begun learning NodeJS and LOVE it so far. I have set up a Linux box to run it and, in learning to use the event-driven model, I am curious if I can use a common IP for multiple domain names. Could I point, for example, www.websiteA.com, www.websiteB.com, and www.websiteC.com all to the same IP (node webserver) and then route to the appropriate source files based on the request? Would this cause certain doom when it came to scaling to any reasonable size?

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• A plan to study ASP.NET + C# + SQL + SQL Server [closed]

  - by ali saleem

  Possible Duplicates: Should I be a professional in C# programming in order to build good web applications using ASP.NET? Is there a combination of language and database that is both great to use and free/cheap? C# for web development? or C# as general purpose programming? ASP.NET MVC book for absolute beginners Will it cost me a lot if I chose ASP.NET and IIS? Is it possible to use MySQL in ASP.NET? Best books to start with ASP.NET MVC / C# and Visual Studio Is it enough for me to learn the above technologies to become a professional web developer? If so then how can I learn them? together or to start with C# for example at first? If there is another thing I should learn please tell me about it.

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• Software cost estimation

  - by David Conde

  I've seen on my work place (a University) most students making the software estimation cost of their final diploma work using COCOMO. My guessing is that this way of estimating costs is somewhat old (COCOMO dates of 1981), hence my question: How do you estimate costs in your software? I've seen things like : Cost = ( HoursOfWork + EstimatedIddle ) * HourlyRate That's not what I want, I'm looking for a properly (scientifically) defined cost model EDIT I've found some related questions on SO: What are some of the software cost estimation methods and models? How do you estimate the cost of developing software requirements?

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• Where to look for a programming partner?

  - by David

  Say that you want to start a new project (I'm talking about a serious project — e.g if you had an idea that seems good and profitable — not about something you start just to learn a new technology or just for your enjoyment) but you don't feel like you can do it alone since, for example, you lack the experience or the technical skills to go through all the phases needed to go from the idea to the final product. Say also that you don't simply want to hire someone. You want someone who can be as passionate as you in the job, that is “proficient” in and enthusiast of the same technologies as you are and that possibly has a background similar to yours (e.g. you both are students, you both come from a prestigious univerity or just you're both Star Trek nerds). So, basically you don't want a person to tell what to do (e.g. “implement this and that, slave!”) but someone who can be inspiring and bring something new and important to your project. Someone to go with you from the earliest stage — from clearly shaping the project's philosophy to drawing mockups etc. Someone who agrees to share the outcome of the project, that strongly believes in the idea behind it and is completely 50-50 with you. Now the question is: how to improve your chances of finding this person (or persons)? Where would you look at first? For example, if you had a lot of funds and were looking for someone to hire, you'd maybe post an ad in SO careers or jobs.73signals; if you already had a team and were looking for funding, you'd start a project on kickstarter or indiegogo, or you'd go to some startup event. But if you had to find a good partner (and programmer, of course) for you're project, where would you start looking? Which strategies would you use?

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• What is considered third party code?

  - by Songo

  Inspired by this question Using third-party libraries - always use a wrapper? I wanted to know what people actually consider as third-party libraries. Example from PHP: If I'm building an application using Zend framework, should I treat Zend framework libraries as third party code? Example from C#: If I'm building a desktop application, should I treat all .Net classes as third party code? Example from Java: Should I treat all libraries in the JDK as third party libraries? Some people say that if a library is stable and won't change often then one doesn't need to wrap it. However I fail to see how one would test a class that depends on a third party code without wrapping it.

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• Programming Language, Turing Completeness and Turing Machine

  - by Amumu

  A programming language is said to be Turing Completeness if it can successfully simulate a universal TM. Let's take functional programming language for example. In functional programming, function has highest priority over anything. You can pass functions around like any primitives or objects. This is called first class function. In functional programming, your function does not produce side effect i.e. output strings onto screen, change the state of variables outside of its scope. Each function has a copy of its own objects if the objects are passed from the outside, and the copied objects are returned once the function finishes its job. Each function written purely in functional style is completely independent to anything outside of it. Thus, the complexity of the overall system is reduced. This is referred as referential transparency. In functional programming, each function can have its local variables kept its values even after the function exits. This is done by the garbage collector. The value can be reused the next time the function is called again. This is called memoization. A function usually should solve only one thing. It should model only one algorithm to answer a problem. Do you think that a function in a functional language with above properties simulate a Turing Machines? Functions (= algorithms = Turing Machines) are able to be passed around as input and returned as output. TM also accepts and simulate other TMs Memoization models the set of states of a Turing Machine. The memorized variables can be used to determine states of a TM (i.e. which lines to execute, what behavior should it take in a give state ...). Also, you can use memoization to simulate your internal tape storage. In language like C/C++, when a function exits, you lose all of its internal data (unless you store it elsewhere outside of its scope). The set of symbols are the set of all strings in a programming language, which is the higher level and human-readable version of machine code (opcode) Start state is the beginning of the function. However, with memoization, start state can be determined by memoization or if you want, switch/if-else statement in imperative programming language. But then, you can't Final accepting state when the function returns a value, or rejects if an exception happens. Thus, the function (= algorithm = TM) is decidable. Otherwise, it's undecidable. I'm not sure about this. What do you think? Is my thinking true on all of this? The reason I bring function in functional programming because I think it's closer to the idea of TM. What experience with other programming languages do you have which make you feel the idea of TM and the ideas of Computer Science in general? Can you specify how you think?

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• How to manage product backlog/user stories

  - by Andrew Stephens

  We're about to start a new project using Agile (using TFS), and I have a couple of "good practice" questions regarding the product backlog:- When we first start adding users stories, is it a good idea to put them in (say) a "Backlog" iteration, or just leave their iteration blank? Obviously when the time comes to start work on a US it would be moved into the appropriate iteration backlog. When breaking an epic down into smaller USs, would I simply close the original epic, as it's no longer required? Or should I create the new USs as children of the epic? (it's then someone's responsibility to close the epic once all child USs have been completed). Lastly, should the product backlog list all USs regardless of status, or only those that have not been started (i.e in my proposed "Backlog" iteration)? I realise these questions aren't life-or-death, but it would be nice to know how other people manage their product backlogs so we can organise things properly from the start.

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• Multiplayer Game Listen Servers: Ensuring Integrity

  - by Ankit Soni

  I'm making a simple multiplayer game of Tic Tac Toe in Python using Bridge (its an RPC service built over a message queue - RabbitMQ) and I'd like to structure it so that the client and the server are just one file. When a user runs the game, he is offered a choice to either create a game or join an existing game. So when a user creates a game, the program will create the game and also join him as a player to the game. This is basically a listen server (as opposed to a dedicated server) - a familiar concept in multiplayer games. I came across a really interesting question while trying to make this - how can I ensure that the player hosting the game doesn't tamper with it (or atleast make it difficult)? The player hosting the game has access to the array used to store the board etc., and these must be stored in the process' virtual memory, so it seems like this is impossible. On the other hand, many multiplayer games use this model for LAN games.

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• JS closures - Passing a function to a child, how should the shared object be accessed

  - by slicedtoad

  I have a design and am wondering what the appropriate way to access variables is. I'll demonstrate with this example since I can't seem to describe it better than the title. Term is an object representing a bunch of time data (a repeating duration of time defined by a bunch of attributes) Term has some print functionality but does not implement the print functions itself, rather they are passed in as anonymous functions by the parent. This would be similar to how shaders can be passed to a renderer rather than defined by the renderer. A container (let's call it Box) has a Schedule object that can understand and use Term objects. Box creates Term objects and passes them to Schedule as required. Box also defines the print functions stored in Term. A print function usually takes an argument and uses it to return a string based on that argument and Term's internal data. Sometime the print function could also use data stored in Schedule, though. I'm calling this data shared. So, the question is, what is the best way to access this shared data. I have a lot of options since JS has closures and I'm not familiar enough to know if I should be using them or avoiding them in this case. Options: Create a local "reference" (term used lightly) to the shared data (data is not a primitive) when defining the print function by accessing the shared data through Schedule from Box. Example: var schedule = function(){ var sched = Schedule(); var t1 = Term( function(x){ // Term.print() return (x + sched.data).format(); }); }; Bind it to Term explicitly. (Pass it in Term's constructor or something). Or bind it in Sched after Box passes it. And then access it as an attribute of Term. Pass it in at the same time x is passed to the print function, (from sched). This is the most familiar way for my but it doesn't feel right given JS's closure ability. Do something weird like bind some context and arguments to print. I'm hoping the correct answer isn't purely subjective. If it is, then I guess the answer is just "do whatever works". But I feel like there are some significant differences between the approaches that could have a large impact when stretched beyond my small example.

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• Relative encapsulation design

  - by taher1992

  Let's say I am doing a 2D application with the following design: There is the Level object that manages the world, and there are world objects which are entities inside the Level object. A world object has a location and velocity, as well as size and a texture. However, a world object only exposes get properties. The set properties are private (or protected) and are only available to inherited classes. But of course, Level is responsible for these world objects, and must somehow be able to manipulate at least some of its private setters. But as of now, Level has no access, meaning world objects must change its private setters to public (violating encapsulation). How to tackle this problem? Should I just make everything public? Currently what I'm doing is having a inner class inside game object that does the set work. So when Level needs to update an objects location it goes something like this: void ChangeObject(GameObject targetObject, int newX, int newY){ // targetObject.SetX and targetObject.SetY cannot be set directly var setter = new GameObject.Setter(targetObject); setter.SetX(newX); setter.SetY(newY); } This code feels like overkill, but it doesn't feel right to have everything public so that anything can change an objects location for example.

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• Tracking contributions from contributors not using git

  - by alex.jordan

  I have a central git repo located on a server. I have many contributors that are not tech savvy, do not have server access, and do not know anything about git. But they are able to contribute via the project's web side. Each of them logs on via a web browser and contributes to the project. I have set things up so that when they log on, each user's contributions are made into a cloned repo on the server that is specifically for that user. Periodically, I log on to the server, visit each of their repos, and do a git diff to make sure they haven't done anything bad. If all is well, I commit their changes and push them to the central repo. Of course I need to manually look at their changes so that I can add an appropriate commit message. But I would also like to track who made the changes. I am making the commit, and I (and the web server) are the only users that are actually writing anything to the server. I could track this in the commit messages. While this strikes me as wrong, if this is my only option, is there a way to make userx's cloned repo always include "userx: " before each commit message that I add, so that I do not have to remind myself which user's repo I am in? Or even better, is there an easy way for me to make the commit, but in such a way as I credit the user whose cloned repo I am in?

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• The clean coders videos [closed]

  - by Sebastian

  As many others, I have been reading Uncle Bob Martins books. More specifically, clean code and then "the clean coder". Now, over the last year he has been producing "code casts" that you can buy for ~20USD a piece. I bought the first episode sometime in mid 2011 and wasnt that impressed, as I really learned nothing new after reading his books. Last night I bought the first episode of test driven development with more or less the same result as last time. Now tonight I gave it one more go and bought TDD part 2 and this one was, IMO, really good. With this post I would like to tip others about his videos and would also like to know what others think. BR Sebastian

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• What to do when you're the interviewer and you don't like your job?

  - by emcb

  I'm in a sorta strange predicament, and I could use some advice. When I was interviewing for my current job, the job description I was given seemed pretty darn nice to me. Without going into the details, the job hasn't quite turned out the way it was advertised. The company is great and takes care of its employees, but for someone who cares about the code they write and the work they do, it's a bad environment - effectively, we operate between 0.5 and 1.0 on the Joel test, and due to political issues we're not going to move beyond that any time soon. Bitter? Maybe. OK...so I'm in the market for a new job. But that's not where my dilemma is. The problem that I see coming is that I will be participating in interviewing some candidates for a position on my team, and I'm not sure what to do. I've heard through the grapevine that we have some really solid, promising, fresh-out-of-college prospects coming in to interview, and I honestly dread the thought of somebody having their first experience of engineering in this department. So I'm wondering: what should I do if/when the interviewee asks me "Do you like your job?" (no) "What kind of projects would I be working on?" (mostly static HTML/CSS changes) Anything else that would elicit a negative answer if told truthfully Do I tell the truth, to give the candidate a real picture of the job? What if this scares them away, and what if it gets blamed on me? Do I fib or lie, saying we work on exciting projects with lots of flexibility, like the pitch my boss will give when the reality is quite different? Should I feel any kind of moral responsibility to let a promising young developer know that this isn't the job for them, or should I shut up and be loyal 100% to the company? Any approaches or advice is appreciated. I hope I don't come across as overly dramatic - I honestly struggle with this question.

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• Asynchronously returning a hierarchal data using .NET TPL... what should my return object "look" like?

  - by makerofthings7

  I want to use the .NET TPL to asynchronously do a DIR /S and search each subdirectory on a hard drive, and want to search for a word in each file... what should my API look like? In this scenario I know that each sub directory will have 0..10000 files or 0...10000 directories. I know the tree is unbalanced and want to return data (in relation to its position in the hierarchy) as soon as it's available. I am interested in getting data as quickly as possible, but also want to update that result if "better" data is found (better means closer to the root of c:) I may also be interested in finding all matches in relation to its position in the hierarchy. (akin to a report) Question: How should I return data to my caller? My first guess is that I think I need a shared object that will maintain the current "status" of the traversal (started | notstarted | complete ) , and might base it on the System.Collections.Concurrent. Another idea that I'm considering is the consumer/producer pattern (which ConcurrentCollections can handle) however I'm not sure what the objects "look" like. Optional Logical Constraint: The API doesn't have to address this, but in my "real world" design, if a directory has files, then only one file will ever contain the word I'm looking for.  If someone were to literally do a DIR /S as described above then they would need to account for more than one matching file per subdirectory. More information : I'm using Azure Tables to store a hierarchy of data using these TPL extension methods. A "node" is a table. Not only does each node in the hierarchy have a relation to any number of nodes, but it's possible for each node to have a reciprocal link back to any other node. This may have issues with recursion but I'm addressing that with a shared object in my recursion loop. Note that each "node" also has the ability to store local data unique to that node. It is this information that I'm searching for. In other words, I'm searching for a specific fixed RowKey in a hierarchy of nodes. When I search for the fixed RowKey in the hierarchy I'm interested in getting the results FAST (first node found) but prefer data that is "closer" to the starting point of the hierarchy. Since many nodes may have the particular RowKey I'm interested in, sometimes I may want to get a report of ALL the nodes that contain this RowKey.

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• MS Word Macro in visual Basic

  - by Mac

  I have a Visual Basic system that in places runs word macros. I now need to have a MS Word Macro that I can search for a character and then extend the search to another character and extract the details into a vb variable from the first to the last character. Thereafter I need to search for the next occurrence of the first character and repeat the exercise. When all have been processed the last search must inform me that there are no more. During the searches I need to identify the section numbers where I find the searches and be able to get them in VB variable. Any assistance will be greatly appreciated. Regards Mac

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• What tools are available to generate end user documentation?

  - by Rowland Shaw

  End user documentation on how to use applications is an important part of the user experience of applications, irrespective of whether they are winforms, wpf or even asp applications. In a startup or internal development team situation, where there isn't a dedicated documentation department, it can take a lot of resources to maintain screen shots and associated user documentation, such as on-line help or even printable manuals. What tools are available to assist in creating screenshots of all the "screens" within an application (be they winforms, wpf or aspx) to help automate the capture of screen shots, and associating with the relevant documentation? In addiiton, are there any that allow automation of annotations of a particular control (so use cases like: Draw a red box around the Username control with a callout to say "This is where you'd enter your user name, in the form '[email protected]'")?

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• Programmer desk: L-shaped (corner) or rectangular? [closed]

  - by GoodEnough

  I'm thinking about switching my L-shaped desk for a rectangular one, but since I can't try before actually buying the desk, I'd like to know what other people think about the matter. Is it simply a matter of preference? What are the pros and cons of each type of desk? Also, I'm guessing a rather deep desk is necessary (I was thinking over 70cm/27''). Btw, I'm aware of this question, but it doesn't talk about this specific point. Same question on StackOverflow for anyone interested in an answer.

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• Why after each restart, my local .NET sites take time to load for the first time?

  - by Saeed Neamati

  I'm developing sites based on .NET platform. I usually deploy these sites on my local IIS, so that I can test them and see their functionality before going live. However, each time I restart windows, it seems that sites take a long time to run for the first time. I know about JIT and I'm also aware of this question, but it doesn't answer my question. Does JIT happens every time you restart windows? Is it related to creation of w3wp.exe process? Why sites are so slow for the first request after each restart?

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• MIT and copyright

  - by Petah

  I am contributing to a library that is licensed under the MIT license. In the license and in each class file it has a comment at the top saying: Copyright (c) 2011 Joe Bloggs <[email protected]> I assume that he owns the copyright to the file, and can change the license of that file as he sees fit. If I contribute to the library with a new class entirely write by me, can I claim copyright of that file. And put: Copyright (c) 2011 Petah Piper <[email protected]> at the top?

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• Should custom data elements be stored as XML or database entries?

  - by meteorainer

  There are a ton of questions like this, but they are mostly very generalized, so I'd like to get some views on my specific usage. General: I'm building a new project on my own in Django. It's focus will be on small businesses. I'd like to make it somewhat customizble for my clients so they can add to their customer/invoice/employee/whatever items. My models would reflect boilerplate items that all ModelX might have. For example: first name last name email address ... Then my user's would be able to add fields for whatever data they might like. I'm still in design phase and am building this myself, so I've got some options. Working on... Right now the 'extra items' models have a FK to the generic model (Customer and CustomerDataPoints for example). All values in the extra data points are stored as char and will be coerced/parced into their actual format at view building. In this build the user could theoretically add whatever values they want, group them in sets and generally access them at will from the views relavent to that model. Pros: Low storage overhead, very extensible, searchable Cons: More sql joins My other option is to use some type of markup, or key-value pairing stored directly onto the boilerplate models. This coul essentially just be any low-overhead method weather XML or literal strings. The view and form generated from the stored data would be taking control of validation and reoganizing on updates. Then it would just dump the data back in as a char/blob/whatever. Something like: <datapoint type='char' value='something' required='true' /> <datapoint type='date' value='01/01/2001' required='false' /> ... Pros: No joins needed, Updates for validation and views are decoupled from data Cons: Much higher storage overhead, limited capacity to search on extra content So my question is: If you didn't live in the contraints impose by your company what method would you use? Why? What benefits or pitfalls do you see down the road for me as a small business trying to help other small businesses? Just to clarify, I am not asking about custom UI elements, those I can handle with forms and template snippets. I'm asking primarily about data storage and retreival of non standardized data relative to a boilerplate model.

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• What programming language was used to develop Windows OS?

  - by nardo

  I am very new to programming and I have started to learn programming just last week. I am still having trouble understanding about programming languages, especially what to use in a particular system. My first language is Java and it's the only programming language I have experience with. I know there are a lot of programming languages out there but I am so curious what programming language was used to develop Windows? Can Java be used to develop an OS?

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• How do I tell the cases when it's worth to use LINQ?

  - by Lijo

  Many things in LINQ can be accomplished without the library. But for some scenarios, LINQ is most appropriate. Examples are: SELECT - http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11883262/wrapping-list-items-inside-div-in-a-repeater SelectMany, Contains - http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11778979/better-code-pattern-for-checking-existence-of-value Enumerable.Range - http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11780128/scalable-c-sharp-code-for-creating-array-from-config-file WHERE http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13171850/trim-string-if-a-string-ends-with-a-specific-word What factors to take into account when deciding between LINQ and regular .Net language elements?

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• How to get better at solving Dynamic programming problems

  - by newbie

  I recently came across this question: "You are given a boolean expression consisting of a string of the symbols 'true', 'false', 'and', 'or', and 'xor'. Count the number of ways to parenthesize the expression such that it will evaluate to true. For example, there is only 1 way to parenthesize 'true and false xor true' such that it evaluates to true." I knew it is a dynamic programming problem so i tried to come up with a solution on my own which is as follows. Suppose we have a expression as A.B.C.....D where '.' represents any of the operations and, or, xor and the capital letters represent true or false. Lets say the number of ways for this expression of size K to produce a true is N. when a new boolean value E is added to this expression there are 2 ways to parenthesize this new expression 1. ((A.B.C.....D).E) ie. with all possible parenthesizations of A.B.C.....D we add E at the end. 2. (A.B.C.(D.E)) ie. evaluate D.E first and then find the number of ways this expression of size K can produce true. suppose T[K] is the number of ways the expression with size K produces true then T[k]=val1+val2+val3 where val1,val2,val3 are calculated as follows. 1)when E is grouped with D. i)It does not change the value of D ii)it inverses the value of D in the first case val1=T[K]=N.( As this reduces to the initial A.B.C....D expression ). In the second case re-evaluate dp[K] with value of D reversed and that is val1. 2)when E is grouped with the whole expression. //val2 contains the number of 'true' E will produce with expressions which gave 'true' among all parenthesized instances of A.B.C.......D i) if true.E = true then val2 = N ii) if true.E = false then val2 = 0 //val3 contains the number of 'true' E will produce with expressions which gave 'false' among all parenthesized instances of A.B.C.......D iii) if false.E=true then val3=( 2^(K-2) - N ) = M ie. number of ways the expression with size K produces a false [ 2^(K-2) is the number of ways to parenthesize an expression of size K ]. iv) if false.E=false then val3 = 0 This is the basic idea i had in mind but when i checked for its solution http://people.csail.mit.edu/bdean/6.046/dp/dp_9.swf the approach there was completely different. Can someone tell me what am I doing wrong and how can i get better at solving DP so that I can come up with solutions like the one given above myself. Thanks in advance.

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