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• Guiding Management to the Correct Decision

  - by Blumer

  My supervisor (also a developer) and I have a running joke about writing a book called "Managing From Beneath: Subversively Guiding Management to the Right Decision" and including a number of "techniques" we've developed for helping those who make the decisions to make the right ones. So far, we've got (cynicism warning!): BIC It! BIC stands for "Bury In Committee." When a bad idea comes up that someone wants to champion, we try to get it deferred to a committee for input. Typically it will either get killed outright (especially if other members of the committee are competing for you as a resource), or it will be hung up long enough that the proponent forgets about it. Smart, Stupid, or Expensive? When someone gets a visionary idea, offer them three ways to do it: a smart way, a stupid way, and an expensive way. The hope is that you've at least got a 2/3 shot of not having to do it the way that makes a piece of your soul die. All-Pro. It's a preemptive pro/con list in which you get into the mind of the (pr)opponent and think what would be cons against doing it your way. Twist them into pros and present them in your pro list before they have a chance to present them as cons. Dependicitis. Link pending decisions together, ideally with the proponent's pet project as the final link in the chain. Use this leverage to force action on those that have been put off. Preemptive Acceptance. Sometimes it's clear that management is going to go a particular direction regardless of advice to the contrary, and it's time to make the best of it. Take the opportunity to get something else you need, though. Approach the sponsor out of the blue and take the first step: "You know, I've been thinking about it, and while it's not the route I would advise, as long as we can get the schedule and budget for Project Awesome loosened up, I can work some magic to make your project fly." So ... what techniques have you come up with to try to head off the problem projects or make the best of what may come?

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• Inheritance vs composition in this example

  - by Gerenuk

  I'm wondering about the differences between inheritance and composition examined with concrete code relevant arguments. In particular my example was Inheritance: class Do: def do(self): self.doA() self.doB() def doA(self): pass def doB(self): pass class MyDo(Do): def doA(self): print("A") def doB(self): print("B") x=MyDo() vs Composition: class Do: def __init__(self, a, b): self.a=a self.b=b def do(self): self.a.do() self.b.do() x=Do(DoA(), DoB()) (Note for composition I'm missing code so it's not actually shorter) Can you name particular advantages of one or the other? I'm think of: composition is useful if you plan to reuse DoA() in another context inheritance seems easier; no additional references/variables/initialization method doA can access internal variable (be it a good or bad thing :) ) inheritance groups logic A and B together; even though you could equally introduce a grouped delegate object inheritance provides a preset class for the users; with composition you'd have to encapsule the initialization in a factory so that the user does have to assemble the logic and the skeleton ... Basically I'd like to examine the implications of inheritance vs composition. I heard often composition is prefered, but I'd like to understand that by example. Of course I can always start with one and refactor later to the other.

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• Linear Search in Python? [closed]

  - by POTUS

  def find_interval(mesh,x): '''This function finds the interval containing x according to the following rules, mesh is an ordered list with n numbers return 0 if x < mesh[0] return n if mesh[n-1] < x return k if mesh[k-1] <= x < mesh[k] return n-1 if mesh[n-2] <= x <= mesh[n-1] This function does a Linear search. 08/29/2012 ''' for n in range(len(mesh)): for k in range(len(mesh)): if x == mesh[n]: print "Found x at index:" return n elif x<mesh[n]: return 0 elif mesh[n-1]<x: return n elif mesh[n-2]<=x<=mesh[n-1]: return n-1 elif mesh[k-1]<=x<mesh[k]: return k mesh = [0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.6, 0.75, 0.9, 1] print mesh print find_interval(mesh, -1) print find_interval(mesh, 0) print find_interval(mesh, 0.1) print find_interval(mesh, 0.8) print find_interval(mesh, 0.9) print find_interval(mesh, 1) print find_interval(mesh, 1.01) Output: [0, 0.100000000000000, 0.250000000000000, 0.500000000000000, 0.600000000000000, 0.750000000000000, 0.900000000000000, 1] 0 Found x at index: 0 2 6 -1 -1 0 I don't think the output is correct. Can anyone help me fix it? Thanks.

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• Are non Turing-complete languages considered programming languages at all?

  - by user1598390

  Reading a recent question: Is it actually possible to have a 'useful' programming language that isn't Turing complete?, I've come to wonder if non Turing-complete programming languages are considered programming languages at all. Since Turing-completeness means a language has to have variables to store values as well as control structures ( for, while )... Is a language that lacks these features considered a programming language ?

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• How do you author code

  - by garbagecollector

  This is something I was never taught. I have seen alot of different types of authoring styles. I code primarily in Java and Python. I was wondering if there was a standard authoring style or if everything is freestyle. Also if you answer would you mind attaching the style you use to author files that your create at home or at work. I usually just go @author garbagecollector @company garbage inc.

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• Can I release complementary Windows 8 and WP8 apps on their respective stores?

  - by Clay Shannon

  I am creating a pair of apps, one to run preferably on tablets, but also laptops and PCs, and the other for WP8. These apps are complementary - having one is of no use without the other. I know there is a Windows Store, and a Windows Phone store, so one would be released on one, and one on the other. My question is: as these apps are useless by themselves (although in most cases it won't be the same people running both apps), will there be a problem with offering these useless-when-used-alone apps? IOW: Person A will use the Windows 8 app to interact with some people that have the WP8 app installed; those with the WP8 app will interact with a person or people who have the Windows 8 app installed. What I'm worried about is if these apps go through a certification process where they must be useful "standalone" - is that the case?

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• What layer to introduce human readable error messages?

  - by MrLane

  One of the things that I have never been happy with on any project I have worked on over the years and have really not been able to resolve myself is exactly at what tier in an application should human readable error information be retrieved for display to a user. A common approach that has worked well has been to return strongly typed/concrete "result objects" from the methods on the public surface of the business tier/API. A method on the interface may be: public ClearUserAccountsResult ClearUserAccounts(ClearUserAccountsParam param); And the result class implementation: public class ClearUserAccountsResult : IResult { public readonly List<Account> ClearedAccounts{get; set;} public readonly bool Success {get; set;} // Implements IResult public readonly string Message{get; set;} // Implements IResult, human readable // Constructor implemented here to set readonly properties... } This works great when the API needs to be exposed over WCF as the result object can be serialized. Again this is only done on the public surface of the API/business tier. The error message can also be looked up from the database, which means it can be changed and localized. However, it has always been suspect to me, this idea of returning human readable information from the business tier like this, partly because what constitutes the public surface of the API may change over time...and it may be the case that the API will need to be reused by other API components in the future that do not need the human readable string messages (and looking them up from a database would be an expensive waste). I am thinking a better approach is to keep the business objects free from such result objects and keep them simple and then retrieve human readable error strings somewhere closer to the UI layer or only in the UI itself, but I have two problems here: 1) The UI may be a remote client (Winforms/WPF/Silverlight) or an ASP.NET web application hosted on another server. In these cases the UI will have to fetch the error strings from the server. 2) Often there are multiple legitimate modes of failure. If the business tier becomes so vague and generic in the way it returns errors there may not be enough information exposed publicly to tell what the error actually was: i.e: if a method has 3 modes of legitimate failure but returns a boolean to indicate failure, you cannot work out what the appropriate message to display to the user should be. I have thought about using failure enums as a substitute, they can indicate a specific error that can be tested for and coded against. This is sometimes useful within the business tier itself as a way of passing via method returns the specifics of a failure rather than just a boolean, but it is not so good for serialization scenarios. Is there a well worn pattern for this? What do people think? Thanks.

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• Benefits of classic OOP over Go-like language

  - by tylerl

  I've been thinking a lot about language design and what elements would be necessary for an "ideal" programming language, and studying Google's Go has led me to question a lot of otherwise common knowledge. Specifically, Go seems to have all of the interesting benefits from object oriented programming without actually having any of the structure of an object oriented language. There are no classes, only structures; there is no class/structure inheritance -- only structure embedding. There aren't any hierarchies, no parent classes, no explicit interface implementations. Instead, type casting rules are based on a loose system similar to duck-typing, such that if a struct implements the necessary elements of a "Reader" or a "Request" or an "Encoding", then you can cast it and use it as one. Does such a system obsolete the concept of OOP? Or is there something about OOP as implemented in C++ and Java and C# that is inherently more capable, more maintainable, somehow more powerful that you have to give up when moving to a language like Go? What benefit do you have to give up to gain the simplicity that this new paradigm represents?

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• Is Haskell worth learning?

  - by Jason K

  I am looking at this question primarily from a career point of view, so I hope you answer it accordingly. I am fairly proficient with Python, can write C++ and I am a final year student of computer science engineering I am looking to learn Haskell because I have heard a lot about it. My question is: apart from learning it because of all the good I have heard about it, is it any good for my career? Is it used in the industry? I am curious to learn it but unless it helps me somehow in my career, I am not willing to make that change at this stage. Looking for some personal experiences here. Thanks!

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• How to analyze data

  - by Subhash Dike

  We are working on an application that allows user to search/read some content in a particular domain. We wanted to add some capability in the app which can suggest user some content based on the usage pattern (analyze data based on frequency and relevance). Currently every time user search or read something we do store that information in backend database. We would like to use this data to present some additional content to user. Could someone explain what kind of tools will be required for such a job and any example? And what this concept is called, data analysis? data mining? business intelligence? or something else? Update: Sorry for being too broad, here is an example SQL Database (Just to give an idea, actual db is little different with normalization and stuff) Table: UserArticles Fields: UserName | ArticleId | ArticleTitle | DateVisited | ArticleCategory Table: CategoryArticles Fields: Category | Article Title | Author etc. One Category may have one more articles. One user may have read the same article multiple times (in this case we place additional entry in the user article table. Task: Use the information availabel in UserArticle table and rank categories in order which would be presented to user automatically in other part of application. Factors to be considered are frequency and recency. This might be possible through simple queries or may require specialized tools. Either way, the task is what mention above. I am not too sure which route to take, hence the question. Thoughts??

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• On what basis would you split donation money among your open source team members without any strife?

  - by Vigneshwaran

  I am a developer of an open source project which is hosted in SourceForge. It started out as a little app then after some releases, it got more and more popular and it started consuming more time and responsibility from me. So I have enabled the donation option in SourceForge. I'm passionate to continue developing it for free but if (ever) any money comes in, how should I split it with my team? Should I split the amount equally among the number of team members? (50-50 as it is two-member team now) Number of classes, commits or any other valuable submissions by team members? Any other idea? What would you do in such situation? Please give your opinions. I hope this question will be useful for others.

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• Graphically intensive silverlight design

  - by Rick Hodder

  I'm designing a silverlight application for showing sheet music from a midi file. I want to create a horizontally scrolling musical staff. At my job I maintain a winforms application that is a scrolling Gantt chart of airplane schedules, and it basically has a rows collection, and it maps the left-most pixel and right-most pixels of the control to datetimes. Then the paint method loops through what it determines will be the visible rows, and draws a screen that shows the schedule information between the two dates. Would I be correct in assuming that I would need to something similar in silverlight for my sheetmusic, or would it be better to just create a horizontal scrollviewer containing a canvas that I have drawn programmaticially on. Am I headed in the right direction? I havent seen any articles on designing such a custom control: can you point me at any?

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• Is writing software in the absence of requirements a skill to possess or a situation I should avoid?

  - by Brian Reindel

  I find that some software developers are very adept at this, and often times are praised for their ability to deliver a working concept with abstract requirements. Frankly, this drives me crazy, and I don't like "making it up" as I go. I used to think this was problematic, but I've started to sense a shift, and I'm wondering if I need to adjust my thought (and programming) process when given very little direction. Should I begin to acquire this ability as a skill, or stick to the idea that requirement's gathering and business rules are the first priority?

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• What is the difference between development and R&D?

  - by MainMa

  I was asked by a colleague to explain clearly the difference between ordinary development and research and development (R&D) and was unable to do it. After reading Wikipedia, I still don't have the precise answer. According to Wikipedia (slightly modified): There are two primary models: In one model, the primary function is to develop new products; in the other model, the primary function is to discover and create new knowledge about scientific and technological topics for the purpose of uncovering and enabling development of valuable new products, processes, and services. The first model is confusing. Does it mean that development (not R&D) consists exclusively in adding new features to a product, solving bugs and doing maintenance? What if something which was previously developed as a new feature becomes a separate product? The second model is less confusing, but still, how to qualify whether something is new knowledge or existent knowledge which is just rediscovered? Later, Wikipedia adds that ordinary development is different from R&D because of its: nearly immediate profit or immediate improvement. It's still not clear enough. How to qualify "nearly immediate profit"? What if a task has an immediate profit but requires heavy research? Or if it is basic but has uncertain profit, like the enforcement of a common style over the codebase? For example, does it belong to development or R&D to: Develop an engine which abstracts the access to the database, simplifying and shortening enormously the code of other applications (existent or ones which will be written in future) which should access to the database? Establish a new service-oriented architecture for the entire organization of company resources, in order to move from a bunch of separate and autonomous applications to a set of well-organized, interconnected web services, like what is used by Amazon? Design a new communication protocol to allow faster replication of data between two data centers of the company? Conceive a new type of software testing while working on a specific product, knowing that this type of testing will improve/simplify the testing process? Prove that Functional programming is more appropriate than OOP for a specific application, based on evidence, logic and previous experience? Enhance the existent application by adding gestures on tactile screens, after doing studies and testing that shows that those gestures improve the productivity of the users by a ratio of at least 1.4 for a precise set of tasks? Find a way to strongly enhance the Power usage effectiveness (PUE) of a data center? Create a Domain-Specific Language (DSL)? In short, how could I determine whether I'm doing R&D while working on something?

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• Packages organisation with MVC design pattern

  - by Oltarus

  I have been programming quite a lot now and still can't decide which of these packages hierachies was the best: package1 Class1Controller Class1Model Class1View package2 Class2Controller Class2Model Class2View or controller Class1Controller Class2Contoller model Class1Model Class2Model view Class1View Class2View In other words, is it better to apply the MVC design pattern to classes or to packages? Is there any reason to choose one over the other? My question is language-agnostic, but I'm mostly a Java programmer, if it does any difference.

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• Mono is frequently used to say "Yes, .NET is cross-platform". How valid is that claim?

  - by Thorbjørn Ravn Andersen

  In What would you choose for your project between .NET and Java at this point in time ? I say that I would consider the "Will you always deploy to Windows?" the single most important decision to make up front in a new web project, and if the answer is "no", I would recommend Java instead of .NET. A very common counter-argument is that "If we ever want to run on Linux/OS X/Whatever, we'll just run Mono", which is a very compelling argument on the surface, but I don't agree for several reasons. OpenJDK and all the vendor supplied JVM's have passed the official Sun TCK ensuring things work correctly. I am not aware of Mono passing a Microsoft TCK. Mono trails the .NET releases. What .NET-level is currently fully supported? Does all GUI elements (WinForms?) work correctly in Mono? Businesses may not want to depend on Open Source frameworks as the official plan B. I am aware that with the new governance of Java by Oracle, the future is unsafe, but e.g. IBM provides JDK's for many platforms, including Linux. They are just not open sourced. So, under which circumstances is Mono a valid business strategy for .NET-applications?

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• What are the preferred documentation tools for the major programming languages?

  - by Dave Peck

  I'm interested in compiling a list of major programming languages and their preferred documentation toolsets. To scope this a bit: The exact structure of the answer may vary from language to language, but there appear to be two aspects common to all languages: (1) in-code syntax for documentation, and (2) documentation generators that make use of said syntax. There are also cases where generators are used independent of code. For example, tutorial-style documentation is common in the Python world and is often disconnected from underlying code. Many languages have multiple commonly-used documentation strategies and tool chains, and I'd love to capture this. Finally, there are cross-language tools like Doxygen that also have some traction and would be worth noting here. Here are some obvious target languages to start with: Python, Ruby, Java, C#, PHP, Objective-C, C/C++, Haskell, Erlang, Scala, Clojure If this question catches on, I'll try and keep this section updated with the most recent list. Thanks!

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• How to set-up a simple subversion workflow

  - by Milen Bilyanov

  I am trying to set-up a simple SVN workflow at home. I am new to subversion (and programming) so I have been reading the official PDF documentations but still not sure about how to set-up my repository. I am working mainly with python, bash and rsl (Renderman Shading Language) So I already have a /dev structure on my disk as this: http://imageshack.us/f/708/devstructure.png/ And I have a /site structure that links to my /dev folder: http://imageshack.us/f/651/sitestructure.png/ So obviously starting to use SVN will change this approach that I already have in place. The question is when I am setting-up my SVN repository for the work I do in my /dev folder: Will I set-up a separate repository for each different programming platform? and Where exactly I should be placing my repository? Thanks.

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• Segmentation fault while switching QCompleter for QLineEdit [on hold]

  - by san

  I have a QLineEdit that uses autocompletion one which on focusIn event in which it shows paths from XML List(here I have used hardcoded list) but if user doesn't find the path from that list popped by QCompleter than I want user to be able to browse to path typing '/' in QLineEdit , I am not able to select the paths say /Users etc and on trying to type Segmentation fault occurs. from PyQt4.Qt import Qt, QObject,QLineEdit from PyQt4.QtCore import pyqtSlot,SIGNAL,SLOT from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore import sys class DirLineEdit(QLineEdit, QtCore.QObject): """docstring for DirLineEdit""" def __init__(self): super(DirLineEdit, self).__init__() self.defaultList = ['~/Development/python/searchMethod', '~/Development/Nuke_python', '~/Development/python/openexr', '~/Development/python/cpp2python'] self.textChanged.connect(self.__dirCompleter) def focusInEvent(self, event): if len(self.text()) == 0: self._pathsList() QtGui.QLineEdit.focusInEvent(self, event) self.completer().complete() def __dirCompleter(self): if len(self.text()) == 0: model = MyListModel(self.defaultList, self) completer = QtGui.QCompleter(model, self) completer.setModel(model) else: dirModel = QtGui.QFileSystemModel() dirModel.setRootPath(QtCore.QDir.currentPath()) dirModel.setFilter(QtCore.QDir.AllDirs | QtCore.QDir.NoDotAndDotDot | QtCore.QDir.Files) dirModel.setNameFilterDisables(0) completer = QtGui.QCompleter(dirModel, self) completer.setCaseSensitivity(QtCore.Qt.CaseInsensitive) completer.setModel(dirModel) self.setCompleter(completer) def _pathsList(self): completerList = QtCore.QStringList() for i in self.defaultList: completerList.append(QtCore.QString(i)) lineEditCompleter = QtGui.QCompleter(completerList) lineEditCompleter.setCompletionMode(QtGui.QCompleter.UnfilteredPopupCompletion) self.setCompleter(lineEditCompleter) class MyListModel(QtCore.QAbstractListModel): def __init__(self, datain, parent=None, *args): """ datain: a list where each item is a row """ QtCore.QAbstractTableModel.__init__(self, parent, *args) self.listdata = datain def rowCount(self, parent=QtCore.QModelIndex()): return len(self.listdata) def data(self, index, role): if index.isValid() and role == QtCore.Qt.DisplayRole: return QtCore.QVariant(self.listdata[index.row()]) else: return QtCore.QVariant() app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) smObj = DirLineEdit() smObj.show() app.exec_() Please help fix this or suggest better way of implementation?

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• How to organise projects with dependencies on BitBucket?

  - by Timwi

  Both Mercurial and BitBucket make one fundamental assumption: 1 repo = 1 project. If I have a project that has a dependency (a library) which is shared by many projects, this assumption gets in the way. Now it is no longer possible to have a separate BitBucket page for each project while still being able to commit atomic revisions to multiple projects. If I put all the projects into one repo, they all become one “project” on BitBucket. If I put them in separate repos, it is no longer possible to know which version of the library project was in use at revision X of a dependent project. How is this situation normally solved on BitBucket, or is there explicitly no support for this common scenario?

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• Consultant - Google Cloud Endpoints

  - by Marc M.

  How does when go along finding a consultant to hire for a few hours for particular technologies? Lets say Google Cloud Endpoints, basically a professional at the library that can answer anything I need to know about it? How much might this cost. Can you hire them for only a couple hours at a time? Or even for a 20 minute phone call like a lawyer? P.S. I could use someone on call for Objectify questions too.

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• What does the English word "for" exactly mean in "for" loops?

  - by kol

  English is not my first language, but since the keywords in programming languages are English words, I usually find it easy to read source code as English sentences: if (x > 10) f(); = "If variable x is greater than 10, then call function f." while (i < 10) ++i; = "While variable i is less than 10, increase i by 1." But how a for loop is supposed to be read? for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) f(i); = ??? I mean, I know what a for loop is and how it works. My problem is only that I don't know what the English word "for" exactly means in for loops.

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• Why is Internet Explorer the only browser to be referred to by version when talking about compatibility?

  - by Rue Leonheart

  Whenever I read something or hear someone talking about HTML5, CSS and JavaScript support, they always refer to Internet Explorer with the version number such as Internet Explorer 6, and Internet Explorer 9. But they only refer to Google Chrome, Firefox, Safari and others without version numbers. Shouldn't they also specify the version number in which certain web technologies are incompatible for other browsers instead of just Internet Explorer?

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• Java web UI framework like ASP.NET MVC?

  - by Ethel Evans

  I'm doing some web apps for personal projects that might be shared out with my friends. I'm trying to use skills that will help me at work, but don't have $$ to spend on Visual Studio right now and don't want to try to cobble something together with Express Editions. Since I've been sort of wanting to bring my Java skills up to date and the main skills I want to work on are design and architecture skills, this isn't a big deal - except that I have no idea how to track down the right UI framework. I know I want something based on MVC, to get more practice with frameworks for that design pattern (we're using ASP .NET MVC2 at work). The UIs that I'll be making will be pretty simple - data entry, buttons, text, images. They will need AJAX. Any thoughts about which frameworks to look at? I'll be watching the comments, if anyone wants additional clarification on what I'm looking for.

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• Making LISPs manageable

  - by Andrea

  I am trying to learn Clojure, which seems a good candidate for a successful LISP. I have no problem with the concepts, but now I would like to start actually doing something. Here it comes my problem. As I mainly do web stuff, I have been looking into existing frameworks, database libraries, templating libraries and so on. Often these libraries are heavily based on macros. Now, I like very much the possibility of writing macros to get a simpler syntax than it would be possible otherwise. But it definitely adds another layer of complexity. Let me take an example of a migration in Lobos from a blog post: (defmigration add-posts-table (up [] (create clogdb (table :posts (integer :id :primary-key ) (varchar :title 250) (text :content ) (boolean :status (default false)) (timestamp :created (default (now))) (timestamp :published ) (integer :author [:refer :authors :id] :not-null)))) (down [] (drop (table :posts )))) It is very readable indeed. But it is hard to recognize what the structure is. What does the function timestamp return? Or is it a macro? Having all this freedom of writing my own syntax means that I have to learn other people's syntax for every library I want to use. How can I learn to use these components effectively? Am I supposed to learn each small DSL as a black box?

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