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• IS it ok to use REST for CRUD operations?

  - by l0l0l0l0l

  Recently I moved to Laravel and I was surprised on how good setting the controllers as RESTful is, it made routes and my code cleaner. I'm kinda new on web development and never used REST before since all my clients' projects are basically CRUD operations. Are there any cool buzzword to this "approach" or I'm just stupid for doing it? I don't plan to follow any REST patterns, just to make my life easier and code cleaner. Basically just GET/POST, the other ones are not native anyway so (emulated on hidden form value).

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• What is the use of Association, Aggregation and Composition (Encapsulation) in Classes

  - by SahilMahajanMj

  I have gone through lots of theories about what is encapsulation and the three techniques of implementing it, which are Association, Aggregation and Composition. What i found is, Encapsulation Encapsulation is the technique of making the fields in a class private and providing access to the fields via public methods. If a field is declared private, it cannot be accessed by anyone outside the class, thereby hiding the fields within the class. For this reason, encapsulation is also referred to as data hiding. Encapsulation can be described as a protective barrier that prevents the code and data being randomly accessed by other code defined outside the class. Access to the data and code is tightly controlled by an interface. The main benefit of encapsulation is the ability to modify our implemented code without breaking the code of others who use our code. With this feature Encapsulation gives maintainability, flexibility and extensibility to our code. Association Association is a relationship where all object have their own lifecycle and there is no owner. Let’s take an example of Teacher and Student. Multiple students can associate with single teacher and single student can associate with multiple teachers but there is no ownership between the objects and both have their own lifecycle. Both can create and delete independently. Aggregation Aggregation is a specialize form of Association where all object have their own lifecycle but there is ownership and child object can not belongs to another parent object. Let’s take an example of Department and teacher. A single teacher can not belongs to multiple departments, but if we delete the department teacher object will not destroy. We can think about “has-a” relationship. Composition Composition is again specialize form of Aggregation and we can call this as a “death” relationship. It is a strong type of Aggregation. Child object dose not have their lifecycle and if parent object deletes all child object will also be deleted. Let’s take again an example of relationship between House and rooms. House can contain multiple rooms there is no independent life of room and any room can not belongs to two different house if we delete the house room will automatically delete. The question is: Now these all are real world examples. I am looking for some description about how to use these techniques in actual class code. I mean what is the point for using three different techniques for encapsulation, How these techniques could be implemented and How to choose which technique is applicable at time.

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• How much effort should you put into a junior developer?

  - by Crazy Eddie

  At what point should one give up? I've tried helping them out by having them shadow me. We agree to break a minute, and then they go missing in action for a while...then just go back to their desk. Even when I know they've done this, part of me feels like I shouldn't have to go get them but that they should be showing interest in learning. Frankly, it's a bunch of time I don't have explaining things as I go when I could just do it. Am I expecting too much to expect that if they want to learn they'll make sure I know they're ready and willing? They go to meetings that they where not told they had to, good, but then sit in the corner and sleep...bad. I don't even know what to do with that. Sometimes I give them something small to do and they do it great, so I give them something just a touch harder and they totally fail, hard. Check in things without testing them. Part of me thinks that maybe I should be spending more time with them but at the same time I don't see a lot of interest and I really, honestly don't have time teaching the same things over and over. Sometimes I get asked questions that are really, really easy to answer if you just do a little bit of your own work trying to find out. Other times I'm not asked anything. I'm sure I could be doing better but honestly...I don't really want to anymore.

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• Cheerp -- C++ for web: advance or regression?

  - by Henrique Barcelos

  Recently I've run into Cheerp, a C++ to Javascript compiler, which uses a modified version of clang to generate Javascript code from C++ sources. That makes me wonder: why in the seven kingdoms would someone do this in their right mind? I mean: why would you take a language that is not designed for web at all, that is far more convoluted and bureaucratic, write your code and then compile it into Javascript itself? Can anybody see any advantages in doing so? We surely can discard performance as a reason, because in the end it generates pure Javascript code. Is there anyone here that have real experience with this? P.S.: I'm not sure if this is an on topic question, but this is the most general forum about programming that I could find in the StackExchange network. Edit Although this seems like a subjective question, it is not. I am asking for reasons that this tool could be useful. I got interested at first, but started wondering why would someone use it.

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• Analyzing a programming language

  - by Matt Fenwick

  In SICP, the authors state (Section 1.1) that there are three basic "mechanisms" of programming languages: primitive expressions, which represent the simplest entities the language is concerned with means of combination, by which compound elements are built from simpler ones means of abstraction, by which compound elements can be named and manipulated as units How can I analyze a mainstream programming language (Java, for example) in terms of these elements or mechanisms?

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• What's the best platform for blogging about coding ?

  - by timday

  I'm toying with starting an occasional blog for posting odd bits of coding related stuff (mainly C++, probably). Are there any platforms which can be recommended as providing exceptionally good support (e.g syntax highlighting) for posting snippets of code ? (Or any to avoid because posting mono-spaced font blocks of text is a pain). Outcome: I accepted Josh K's answer because what I actually ended up doing was realizing I was more interested in articles than a blog style, getting back into LaTeX (after almost 20 years away from it), using the "listings" package for code, and pushing the HTML/PDF results to my ISP's static-hosting pages. (HTML generated using tex4ht). Kudos to the answers mentioning Wordpress, Tumblr and Jekyll; I spent some time looking into all of them.

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• How do you choose to use a specific programming language?

  - by Jesús Bracamonte

  I was having a small talk between teammates about how you choose a programming language for use in a project which lead me to think that there are many criteria to choose one in the beginning of a project but no real standard. Do you chose a programming language for the syntax and semantics? Or do you choose one because it has the best support to do certain things? Or because you have better libraries? Or do you choose it for the paradigm? What criteria do you use to choose one language when you are going to do a project?

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• Best Practices for serializing/persisting String Object Dictionary entities

  - by Mark Heath

  I'm noticing a trend towards using a dictionary of string to object (or sometimes string to string), instead of strongly typed objects. For example, the new Katana project makes heavy use of IDictionary<string,object>. This approach avoids the need to continually update your entity classes/DTOs and the database tables that persist them with new properties. It also avoids the need to create new derived entity types to support new types of entity, since the Dictionary is flexible enough to store any arbitrary properties. Here's a contrived example: class StorageDevice { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } } class NetworkShare : StorageDevice { public string Path { get; set; } public string LoginName { get; set; } public string Password { get; set; } } class CloudStorage : StorageDevice { public string ServerUri { get; set } public string ContainerName { get; set; } public int PortNumber { get; set; } public Guid ApiKey { get; set; } } versus: class StorageDevice { public IDictionary<string, object> Properties { get; set; } } Basically I'm on the lookout for any talks, books or articles on this approach, so I can pick up on any best practices / difficulties to avoid. Here's my main questions: Does this approach have a name? (only thing I've heard used so far is "self-describing objects") What are the best practices for persisting these dictionaries into a relational database? Especially the challenges of deserializing them successfully with strongly typed languages like C#. Does it change anything if some of the objects in the dictionary are themselves lists of strongly typed entities? Should a second dictionary be used if you want to temporarily store objects that are not to be persisted/serialized across a network, or should you use some kind of namespacing on the keys to indicate this?

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• MVC + 3 tier; where ViewModels come into play?

  - by mikhairu

  I'm designing a 3-tiered application using ASP.NET MVC 4. I used the following resources as a reference. CodeProject: MVC + N-tier + Entity Framework Separating data access in ASP.NET MVC I have the following desingn so far. Presentation Layer (PL) (main MVC project, where M of MVC was moved to Data Access Layer): MyProjectName.Main Views/ Controllers/ ... Business Logic Layer (BLL): MyProjectName.BLL ViewModels/ ProjectServices/ ... Data Access Layer (DAL): MyProjectName.DAL Models/ Repositories.EF/ Repositories.Dapper/ ... Now, PL references BLL and BLL references DAL. This way lower layer does not depend on the one above it. In this design PL invokes a service of the BLL. PL can pass a View Model to BLL and BLL can pass a View Model back to PL. Also, BLL invokes DAL layer and DAL layer can return a Model back to BLL. BLL can in turn build a View Model and return it to PL. Up to now this pattern was working for me. However, I've ran into a problem where some of my ViewModels require joins on several entities. In the plain MVC approach, in the controller I used a LINQ query to do joins and then select new MyViewModel(){ ... }. But now, in the DAL I do not have access to where ViewModels are defined (in the BLL). This means I cannot do joins in DAL and return it to BLL. It seems I have to do separate queries in DAL (instead of joins in one query) and BLL would then use the result of these to build a ViewModel. This is very inconvenient, but I don't think I should be exposing DAL to ViewModels. Any ideas how I can solve this dilemma? Thanks.

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• Database ERD design: 2 types user in one table

  - by Giskin Leow

  I have read this (Database design: 3 types of users, separate or one table?) I decided to put admin and normal user in one table since the attributes are similar: fullname, address, phone, email, gender ... Then I want to draw ERD, suddenly my mind pop out a question. How to draw? Customer make appointment and admin approve appointment. now only two tables, and admin, customer in same table. Help.

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• Which language is more suitable heavy file tasks?

  - by All

  I need to write a script (based on basic functions) to process /image/audio/video files. The process is mainly filesystem tasks and converts. The database of files has been stored by mysql. The script is simple but cause heavy tasks on the system; for example renaming/converting/copying thousands of file in a run. The script does not read the content of files into memory, it just manage the commands for sub-processes. The main weight is on the communication with filesystem. The script will be used regularly for new files. My concern is about performance. I am thinking of Shell script a complied language like C Please advise which programming language is more suitable for this purpose and why? UPDATE: An example is to scan a folder for images, convert them with ImageMagick, move files to destination folder, get file info, then update the database. As you can see, the process has no room for optimization, and most of languages have similar APIs for popular programs like ImageMagick, MySQL, etc. Thus, it can be written in any language. I just wish to reduce resource usage by speeding up the long loop. NOTE: I know that questions about comparing languages are not favorable, but I really had problem to choose, because the problems can appear in action.

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• Date calculation algorithm

  - by Julian Cuevas

  I'm working on a project to schedule a machine shop, basically I've got everything covered BUT date calculations, I've got a method called schedule (working on PHP here): public function schedule($start_date, $duration_in_minutes) Now my problem is, currently I'm calculating end time manually because time calculations have the following rules: During weekdays, work with business hours (7:00 AM to 5:00 PM) Work on Saturdays from 7:00 AM to 2:00 PM Ignore holidays (in Colombia we have A LOT of holidays) I already have a lookup table for holidays, I also have a Java version of this algorithm that I wrote for a previous version of the project, but that one's also manual. Is there any way to calculate an end time from a start time given duration?, my problem is that I have to consider the above rules, I'm looking for a (maybe?) math based solution, however I currently don't have the mind to devise such a solution myself. I'll be happy to provide code samples if necessary.

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• Result class dependency

  - by Stefano Borini

  I have an object containing the results of a computation. This computation is performed in a function which accepts an input object and returns the result object. The result object has a print method. This print method must print out the results, but in order to perform this operation I need the original input object. I cannot pass the input object at printing because it would violate the signature of the print function. One solution I am using right now is to have the result object hold a pointer to the original input object, but I don't like this dependency between the two, because the input object is mutable. How would you design for such case ?

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• MIT and copyright

  - by Petah

  I am contributing to a library that is licensed under the MIT license. In the license and in each class file it has a comment at the top saying: Copyright (c) 2011 Joe Bloggs <[email protected]> I assume that he owns the copyright to the file, and can change the license of that file as he sees fit. If I contribute to the library with a new class entirely write by me, can I claim copyright of that file. And put: Copyright (c) 2011 Petah Piper <[email protected]> at the top?

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• CS Concentrations and Career Paths

  - by xbonez

  I'm approaching the end of Sophomore year in college (Studying Computer Science), and very soon I'm going to have to decide on my concentration, but I honestly don't know what each concentration means. I basically have two questions: 1. How much influence does your concentration have on your career path? For example, would a video game development company only look at people with a concentration in Game Development? 2.It would be great if you guys could, in a line or two, tell me what sort of jobs am I looking at for each of the concentrations? I need to pick at least two of the 9 below. - Algorithms and Data Structures - Artificial Intelligence - Computer and Network Society - Computer graphics and vision - Human-Computer Interaction - Game Development and Design - Numeric and Symbolic Computation - Programming languages - Systems

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• Two Weeks As A Software Estimation Rule of Thumb?

  - by Todd Williamson

  I saw a blog posting that spoke to me: http://james-iry.blogspot.com/2010/10/how-to-estimate-software.html Oddly, this is the kind of estimate that I tend to do on smaller projects. Just about everything is "two weeks" as that is comfortably far enough out. I once had an instructor walk us through how to create a more detailed estimate, wherein we already had the requirements up front, etc. and even after all the careful tabulation and such the final instruction was "Now that you have all this documentation go ahead and double it." Agile practitioners seem to like two weeks also as a sprint length. Is there something magical about two weeks? Is it a hrair number for our psyches or some other kind of crutch? Do you have an immediate default fall-back schedule strategy when you are pressed for an initial delivery date?

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• Where can I find programming work online ?

  - by explorest

  I have setup an ideal, quiet, non-interrupting environment at home. I am extremely productive here. I dont want to leave my home, not my room, not even my couch. How/where do I find work online so that I don't have to travel to it? Kindly post about your own personal experiences. Have you done it full time from home? Where and how? I am outside United States in a third world country so a lower pay is not an issue. The issue is the work-enviroment.

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• Doubts about several best practices for rest api + service layer

  - by TheBeefMightBeTough

  I'm going to be starting a project soon that exposes a restful api for business intelligence. It may not be limited to a restful api, so I plan to delegate requests to a service layer that then coordinates multiple domain objects (each of which have business logic local to the object). The api will likely have many calls as it is a long-term project. While thinking about the design, I recalled a few best practices. 1) Use command objects at the controller layer (I'm using Spring MVC). 2) Use DTOs at the service layer. 3) Validate in both the controller and service layer, though for different reasons. I have my doubts about these recommendations. 1) Using command objects adds a lot of extra single-purpose classes (potentially one per request). What exactly is the benefit? Annotation based validation can be done using this approach, sure. What if I have two requests that take the same parameters, but have different validation requirements? I would have to have two different classes with exactly the same members but different annotations? Bleh. 2) I have heard that using DTOs is preferable to parameters because it makes for more maintainable code down the road (say, e.g., requirements change and the service parameters need to be altered). I don't quite understand this. Shouldn't an api be more-or-less set in stone? I would understand that in the early phases of a project (or, especially, an entire company) the domain itself will not be well understood, and thus core domain objects may change along with the apis that manipulate these objects. At this point however the number of api methods should be small and their dependents few, so changes to the methods could easily be tolerated from a maintainability standpoint. In a large api with many methods and a substantial domain model, I would think having a DTO for potentially each domain object would become unwieldy. Am I misunderstanding something here? 3) I see validation in the controller and service layer as redundant in most cases. Why would I validate that parameters are not null and are in general well formed in the controller if the service is going to do exactly the same (and more). Couldn't I just do all the validation in the service and throw a runtime exception with a list of bad parameters then catch that in the controller to make the error messages more presentable? Better yet, couldn't I just make the error messages user-friendly in the service and let the exception trickle up to a global handler (ControllerAdvice in spring, for example)? Is there something wrong with either of these approaches? (I do see a use case for controller validation if the input does not map one-to-one with the service input, but since the controllers are for a rest api and not forms, the api parameters will probably map directly to service parameters.) I do also have a question about unchecked vs checked exceptions. Namely, I'm not really sure why I'd ever want to use a checked exception. Every time I have seen them used they just get wrapped into general exceptions (DomainException, SystemException, ApplicationException, w/e) to reduce the signature length of methods, or devs catch Exception rather than dealing with the App1Exception, App2Exception, Sys1Exception, Sys2Exception. I don't see how either of these practices is very useful. Why not just use unchecked exceptions always and catch the ones you actually do care about? You could just document what unchecked exceptions the method throws.

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• Visual Studio 2010 editor painfully slow [closed]

  - by Daniel Gehriger

  I'm running out of patience with MS VisualStudio 2010: I'm working on a solution containing ~50 C++ projects. When using the editor, I experience a lag of 1 - 2 seconds whenever I move the cursor to a different line, or when I move to a different window, or generally when the editor losses and gains focus. I went through a whole series of optimizations, to no avail: installed all hotfixes for VS2010 disabled all add-ins and extensions disabled Intellisense deleted all temporary files created by VS2010 disabled hardware acceleration unloaded all but 15 projects disabled tracking changes closed all but one window and so on. This is on a Dual Core machine with SSD harddrive (verified throughput 100MB/s), enough free space on HD, Windows 7 Pro 32-bit with 3GB of RAM and most of it still free. Whenever I type a letter, CPU usage of devenv.exe goes to 50 - 90% in process monitor for 1 - 2 seconds before returning to 5%. I used Process Explorer to analyze registry and file system access, and I only notice frequent accesses to the .sln file (which is quiet small), and a few registry reads, but nothing that would raise a red flag. I don't have this problem with solutions containing less projects, so I'm inclined to think that it's related to the number of projects. For your information, the entire solution has been migrated over the years from VS2005 to VS2008 to now VS2010. Does anyone have any ideas what else I could do to resume work on this project, other than returning to VS2008?

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• Search network device from LAN through my C++ application and change the IP address

  - by Arun Kumar K S

  I am developing an application in C++ to communicate with my network device. I used UDP classes to search the device from the network. I done the code in such a way that from my application a broadcast message will send to the local network. The device will respond to the broadcast message and the application will get the IP address from that response. After establishing a network communication send a message to the device for changing the IP address. That worked fine if my devices IP address is correct. But when I set a wrong IP address and subnet to the device. My application will never get any messages from the device. So I can't able communicate to the device and not able get the device and unable to change the IP address etc. Say example IP address of the device 20.1.1.1 Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0 And in my system that runs the application IP address 192.168.1.23 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 I tried the Lantronix device installation software with their Lantronix device in network. It listed the device from the network and I am able to change the IP address from their software. Any one know how this is done in this type of software? How I can search in network to find the device and change the IP address when its IP address is not in range? Which protocol they used to find the device?

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• Presenting agile estimates for Pivotal Tracker project

  - by Tom Styles

  I've been developing for 6-7 years but never in a particularly agile way. With the latest project I'm trying to make our development process more professional, and more agile. We're using Pivotal Tracker to track the project and have gathered some pretty well thought out stories. We're also trying to keep some of our (Prince2/Waterfall mindset) project managers happy. So far I've got them to accept that requirements always change priorities always change some of the requirements won't be delivered if you fix the time scale you should fix the time scale short sprints and regular review is good However they still feel like they need to get a better grip of roughly how much will be delivered within a certain time. I've come up with a spreadsheet to demonstrate what we might expect to get done in a range of 4 different timescales. Questions Are we setting ourselves up to fail Are there better ways to do this

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• Simple Architecture Verification

  - by Jean Carlos Suárez Marranzini

  I just made an architecture for an application with the function of scoring, saving and loading tennis games. The architecture has 2 kinds of elements: components & layers. Components: Standalone elements that can be consumed by other components or by layers. They might also consume functionality from the model/bottom layer. Layers: Software components whose functionality rests on previous layers (except for the model layer). -Layers: -Models: Data and it's behavior. -Controllers: A layer that allows interaction between the views and the models. -Views: The presentation layer for interacting with the user. -Components: -Persistence: Makes sure the game data can be stored away for later retrieval. -Time Machine: Records changes in the game through time so it's possible to navigate the game back and forth. -Settings: Contains the settings that determine how some of the game logic will apply. -Game Engine: Contains all the game logic, which it applies to the game data to determine the path the game should take. This is an image of the architecture (I don't have enough rep to post images): http://i49.tinypic.com/35lt5a9.png The requierements which this architecture should satisfy are the following: Save & load games. Move through game history and see how the scoreboard changes as the game evolves. Tie-breaks must be properly managed. Games must be classified by hit-type. Every point can be modified. Match name and player names must be stored. Game logic must be configurable by the user. I would really appreciate any kind of advice or comments on this architecture. To see if it is well built and makes sense as a whole. I took the idea from this link. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model%E2%80%93view%E2%80%93controller

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• When should I increment version number?

  - by ahmed

  I didn't learn programming at school and I do not work as a (professional) developer, hence a lot of basics are not quite clear to me. This question tries to clarify one of them. Now let's suppose that I have issues #1, #2 and #3 in my Issues Tracker that are set to be corrected/enhanced for version 1.0.0 and that the last (stable) version is 0.9.0. When should I increment to version 1.0.0 ? When a) just one of the listed above issues is closed or b) when all the issues related to version 1.0 are closed ? Which one is the right way to do it ? And by the right way, I mean what is currently used in the industry. Thanks.

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• How do you cope with ugly code that you wrote?

  - by Ralph

  So your client asks you to write some code, so you do. He then changes the specs on you, as expected, and you diligently implement his new features like a good little lad. Except... the new features kind of conflict with the old features, so now your code is a mess. You really want to go back and fix it, but he keeps requesting new things and every time you finish cleaning something, it winds up a mess again. What do you do? Stop being an OCD maniac and just accept that your code is going to wind up a mess no matter what you do, and just keep tacking on features to this monstrosity? Save the cleaning for version 2?

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• Modelling work-flow plus interaction with a database - quick and accessible options

  - by cjmUK

  I'm wanting to model a (proposed) manufacturing line, with specific emphasis on interaction with a traceability database. That is, various process engineers have already mapped the manufacturing process - I'm only interested in the various stations along the line that have to talk to the DB. The intended audience is a mixture of project managers, engineers and IT people - the purpose is to identify: points at which the line interacts with the DB (perhaps going so far as indicating the Store Procs called at each point, perhaps even which parameters are passed.) the communication source (PC/Handheld device/PLC) the communication medium (wireless/fibre/copper) control flow (if leak test fails, unit is diverted to repair station) Basically, the model will be used as a focus different groups on outstanding tasks; for example, I'm interested in the DB and any front-end app needed, process engineers need to be thinking about the workflow and liaising with the PLC suppliers, the other IT guys need to make sure we have the hardware and comms in place. Obviously I could just improvise in Visio, but I was wondering if there was a particular modelling technique that might particularly suit my needs or my audience. I'm thinking of a visual model with supporting documentation (as little as possible, as much as is necessary). Clearly, I don't want something that will take me ages to (effectively) learn, nor one that will alienate non-technical members of the project team. So far I've had brief looks at BPMN, EPC Diagrams, standard Flow Diagrams... and I've forgotten most of what I used to know about UML... And I'm not against picking and mixing... as long as it is quick, clear and effective. Conclusion: In the end, I opted for a quasi-workflow/dataflow diagram. I mapped out the parts of the manufacturing process that interact with the traceability DB, and indicated in a significantly-simplified form, the data flows and DB activity. Alongside which, I have a supporting document which outlines each process, the data being transacted for each process (a 'data dictionary' of sorts) and details of hardware and connectivity required. I can't decide whether is a product of genius or a crime against established software development practices, but I do think that is will hit the mark for this particular audience.

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