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• How does one handle sensitive data when using Github and Heroku?

  - by Jonas

  I am not yet accustomed with the way Git works (And wonder if someone besides Linus is ;)). If you use Heroku to host you application, you need to have your code checked in a Git repo. If you work on an open-source project, you are more likely going to share this repo on Github or other Git hosts. Some things should not be checked in the public repo; database passwords, API keys, certificates, etc... But these things still need to be part of the Git repo since you use it to push your code to Heroku. How to work with this use case? Note: I know that Heroku or PHPFog can use server variables to circumvent this problem. My question is more about how to "hide" parts of the code.

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• Do database tables need to have IDs?

  - by Arturas M

  Is an ID field is always needed in database tables? In my case I have a user with firstName, lastName and email fields. email is unique and not null, so it could be used as an ID, right? So in that case, could/should I try to remove the ID? Also I want to have another table which extends this one. Let's say its called patient and it has it's own field additionalData and I would like to link the relationship through the email of user I mentioned. So the relationship should be 1 to 1, right? and I wouldn't need the IDs? Somehow MySQL Workbench wants me to use the IDs. What do you guys think. Any suggestions on this topic?

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• Naming conventions used for variables and functions in C

  - by Zel

  While coding a large project in C I came upon a problem. If I keep on writing more code then there will be a time when it will be difficult for me to organize the code. I mean that the naming for functions and variables for different parts of the program may seem to be mixed up. So I was thinking whether there are useful naming conventions that I can use for C variables and functions? Most languages suggest a naming convention. But for C the only thing I have read so far is the names should be descriptive for code readability. EDIT: Examples of some examples of suggested naming conventions: Python's PEP 8 Java Tutorial I read some more naming conventions for java somewhere but couldn't remember where.

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• Detect duplicate in a subset from a set of elements

  - by Abhinav Shrivastava

  I have a set of numbers say : 1 1 2 8 5 6 6 7 8 8 4 2... I want to detect the duplicate element in subsets(of given size say k) of the above numbers... For example : Consider the increasing subsets(for example consider k=3) Subset 1 :{1,1,2} Subset 2 :{1,2,8} Subset 3 :{2,8,5} Subset 4 :{8,5,6} Subset 5 :{5,6,6} Subset 6 :{6,6,7} .... .... So my algorithm should detect that subset 1,5,6 contains duplicates.. My approach : 1)Copy the 1st k elements to a temporary array(vector) 2) using #include file in C++ STL...using unique() I would determine if there's any change in size of vector.. Any other clue how to approach this problem..

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• Class hierarchy problem in this social network model

  - by Gerenuk

  I'm trying to design a class system for a social network data model - basically a link/object system. Now I have roughly the following structure (simplified and only relevant methods shown) class Data: "used to handle the data with mongodb" "can link, unlink data and also return other linked data" "is basically a proxy object that only stores _id and accesses mongodb on requests" "it looks like {_id: ..., _out: [id1, id2,...], _inc: [id3, id4, ...]}" def get_node(self, id) "create a new Data object from the underlying mongodb" "each data object can potentially create a reference object to new mongo data" "this is needed when the data returns the linked objects" class Node: """ this class proxies linking calls to .data it includes additional network logic operations whereas Data only contains a basic database solution """ def __init__(self, data): "the infrastructure realization is stored as composition by an included object data" "Node bascially proxies most calls to the infrastructure object data" def get_node(self, data): "creates a new object of class Object or Link depending on data" class Object(Node): "can have multiple connections to Link" class Link(Node): "has one 'in' and one 'out' connection to an Object" This system is working, however maybe wouldn't work outside Python. Note that after reading links Now I have two questions here: 1) I want to infrastructure of the data storage to be replacable. Earlier I had Data as a superclass of Node so that it provided the neccessary calls. But (without dirty Python tricks) you cannot replace the superclass dynamically. Is using composition therefore recommended? The drawback is that I have to proxy most calls (link, unlink etc). Any thoughts? 2) The class Node contains the common method .get_node which is used to built new Object or Link instances after reading out the data. Some attribute of data decided whether the object which is only stored by id should be instantiated as an Object or Link class. The problem here is that Node needs to know about Object and Link in advance, which seems dodgy. Do you see a different solution? Both Object and Link need to instantiate one of all possible types depending on what the find in their linked data. Are there any other ideas how to implement a flexible Object/Link structure where the underlying database storage is isolated?

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• Strategies for Indexing Custom Fields in RavenDB

  - by Adrian Thompson Phillips

  In the relational database world, if I was developing a CRM system and wanted to have the user add their own custom fields that are searchable, I could have tables that store the name of the new column, the data type and the value, etc. (which would be less inefficient to index) or I could use the less elegant (but more searchable) solution that software like Dynamics and SharePoint use, whereas I create a load of columns on my aggregate root called CustomInt1, CustomInt2, etc. (which looks dirty and has a limit of how many custom fields a user can have, but has indexing advantages). But my questions is this, in NoSQL databases, what would be the best way of achieving the same thing? My priority would be for searchability. So what would be the best way to store this data? If I used a predefined set of properties (i.e. CustomData1, CustomData2, etc.), because these are all stored as JSON (i.e. strings) in the database, does this make it simpler because I don't have to worry about data types?

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• Should you charge clients hours spent on the wrong track?

  - by Lea Verou

  I took up a small CSS challenge to solve for a client and I'm going to be paid on a hourly rate. I eventually solved it, it took 4 hours but I spent roughly 30% of the time in the wrong track, trying a CSS3 solution that only worked in recent browsers and finally discovering that no fallback is possible via JS (like I originally thought). Should I charge the client that 30%? More details: I didn't provide an estimate, I liked the challenge per se, so I started working on it before giving an estimate (but I have worked with him before, so I know he's not one of those people that have unrealistic expectations). At the very worst I will have spent 4 unpaid hours on an intriguing CSS challenge. And I will give the fairest possible estimate for both of us, since I will have already done the work. :)

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• Python or Ruby in 2011.

  - by Sleeper Smith

  What I'm really asking is, in the current services and technologies provided, which is a more "useful" language? Which one has more opportunity? Some background info first. I'm a .net C# dev for 5 years. Having done a few projects on Amazon AWS, I'm looking to start a few projects of my own. But Azure's too expensive, and AWS has too much management overhead. My current choice is Google App Engine and Python. Logical enough. But what I want to ask here is this: In Linux world, which is more useful? Recently heard about Heroku for Ruby. How viable is this? Looking at the pricing model indicates that it's more expensive. Which one has more up-to-date and exciting open source projects? For instance Trac is just plain out dated compared to Redmine. One of the big reason pulling me for Ruby is Redmine. Implementations? IronPython/IronRuby/JRuby etc etc. Which one is more standardised and more implementation agnostic? Which one is easier to port between Windows/Linux? Anyway, your input and thoughts are greatly appreciated. thanks.

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• What tasks should be explicitly mentioned in a job reference? [closed]

  - by Martin

  Glossary A job reference (see also the german version) is a letter from the (former) employer that states what the employee did, and how well he did it. There are oh so weird rules here on how to phrase stuff therein, but this is not what this question is about. Question I hope this can even be generally answered, but even if country/region specific, I think there is enough international know-how on this site to get useful answers for different regions. I was wondering how detailed the tasks a programmer / developer did should be spelled out in a job reference. (After all, they can be spelled out in all detail in a CV when applying for a new job.) So how much detail is usual for a job reference? Example Developed Windows applications in C++ or Developed Windows Desktop Applications using C++ with MS Visual Studio 2005 and MFC, utilising Boost 1.47 and specif library xyz, focusing on subsystem abc for numerical calculations of ... etc. What makes more sense?

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• What is the meaning of 'high cohesion'?

  - by Max

  I am a student who recently joined a software development company as an intern. Back at the university, one of my professors used to say that we have to strive to achieve "Low coupling and high cohesion". I understand the meaning of low coupling. It means to keep the code of separate components separately, so that a change in one place does not break the code in another. But what is meant by high cohesion. If it means integrating the various pieces of the same component well with each other, I dont understand how that becomes advantageous. What is meant by high cohesion? Can an example be explained to understand its benefits?

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• How can I discourage the use of Access?

  - by Greg Buehler

  Lets pretend that a very large company (revenue numbers with more than 8 figures) is looking to do a refresh on a software system, particularly the dashboard used by employees. This system was originally put together in the early 1990's to handle inventory tracking and storage across a variety of facilities (10+). Since this large company is now in the process of implementing some of these inventory processes with SAP they are in need of a major refresh. The existing system: Microsoft Access project performs dashboard duties Unique shipping/receiving configurations at different facilities require unique forms and queries within the Access project Uses 3rd party libraries referenced by Access to directly interface with at control system (read: motors, conveyors, and counters) Individual SQL Server 2000 instances (some traces of pre-update SQL Server 6.0 documents) at each facility The Issue: This system started as a home brewed inventory tracking scheme with a single internal sponsor who is still in charge of the technical direction. The original sponsor prescribing the desired deliverables that are being called for in the current RFP. The RFP describes a system based around a single Access project. Any suggestion that Access is ill suited for a project of this scope are shot down under the reasoning that "it works for the scope now". Are there any case studies, notices, or statements that can be used to disuade this potential customer from repeating their mistake? Does Microsoft make any statements directly about when it is highly recommended to ditch Access?

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• How important is using the same language for client and server?

  - by Makita

  I have been evaluating architecture solutions for a mobile project that will have a web-service/app in addition to native apps and have been looking at various libraries, frameworks, and stacks like Meteor, this being a sort of "open stack package framework", is tightly bound with Node.js. There is a lot of talk about the benefits of using the same language both client and server side, and I'm not getting it. I could understand if you want to mirror the entire state of a web application on both client and server but struggling to find other wins... Workflow efficiency? I'm trying to understand why client/server language parity is considered to be a holy grail. Why does client/server language parity matter in software development?

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• Can throwing the iPhone high in the air launch my app or trigger desired function in iOS 7 or later

  - by aMother

  My app is an emergency app. It will be used by people in emergency and disasters. It's possible that they got stuck in situations where they just don't have the time to enter or draw their password, launch the appp and push a button. Is it possible that ask the OS to launch the app if user throw their iphone up in the air or shake it vigrously or something else. PS: I think it's possible with the accelerometer.

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• Relative encapsulation design

  - by taher1992

  Let's say I am doing a 2D application with the following design: There is the Level object that manages the world, and there are world objects which are entities inside the Level object. A world object has a location and velocity, as well as size and a texture. However, a world object only exposes get properties. The set properties are private (or protected) and are only available to inherited classes. But of course, Level is responsible for these world objects, and must somehow be able to manipulate at least some of its private setters. But as of now, Level has no access, meaning world objects must change its private setters to public (violating encapsulation). How to tackle this problem? Should I just make everything public? Currently what I'm doing is having a inner class inside game object that does the set work. So when Level needs to update an objects location it goes something like this: void ChangeObject(GameObject targetObject, int newX, int newY){ // targetObject.SetX and targetObject.SetY cannot be set directly var setter = new GameObject.Setter(targetObject); setter.SetX(newX); setter.SetY(newY); } This code feels like overkill, but it doesn't feel right to have everything public so that anything can change an objects location for example.

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• Get Info From Database, or Build Inferred Info?

  - by Zaemz

  Does it make more sense to store and retrieve properties or information directly related to an item in a database, or, say in such a case that a product's ID could describe information about it, should the information be gathered from that? Example: Item SKU -- 4HBU12 4 - is the number of motors H - the voltage B - the color, blue U - the model 12 - the length Should I store those individual attributes as well as the SKU, or should I store only the SKU and build the attributes from it?

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• What is the use of Association, Aggregation and Composition (Encapsulation) in Classes

  - by SahilMahajanMj

  I have gone through lots of theories about what is encapsulation and the three techniques of implementing it, which are Association, Aggregation and Composition. What i found is, Encapsulation Encapsulation is the technique of making the fields in a class private and providing access to the fields via public methods. If a field is declared private, it cannot be accessed by anyone outside the class, thereby hiding the fields within the class. For this reason, encapsulation is also referred to as data hiding. Encapsulation can be described as a protective barrier that prevents the code and data being randomly accessed by other code defined outside the class. Access to the data and code is tightly controlled by an interface. The main benefit of encapsulation is the ability to modify our implemented code without breaking the code of others who use our code. With this feature Encapsulation gives maintainability, flexibility and extensibility to our code. Association Association is a relationship where all object have their own lifecycle and there is no owner. Let’s take an example of Teacher and Student. Multiple students can associate with single teacher and single student can associate with multiple teachers but there is no ownership between the objects and both have their own lifecycle. Both can create and delete independently. Aggregation Aggregation is a specialize form of Association where all object have their own lifecycle but there is ownership and child object can not belongs to another parent object. Let’s take an example of Department and teacher. A single teacher can not belongs to multiple departments, but if we delete the department teacher object will not destroy. We can think about “has-a” relationship. Composition Composition is again specialize form of Aggregation and we can call this as a “death” relationship. It is a strong type of Aggregation. Child object dose not have their lifecycle and if parent object deletes all child object will also be deleted. Let’s take again an example of relationship between House and rooms. House can contain multiple rooms there is no independent life of room and any room can not belongs to two different house if we delete the house room will automatically delete. The question is: Now these all are real world examples. I am looking for some description about how to use these techniques in actual class code. I mean what is the point for using three different techniques for encapsulation, How these techniques could be implemented and How to choose which technique is applicable at time.

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• How to update dependency during runtime in my .NET application?

  - by Louis Rhys

  I have a server-client application. Sometimes the server is updated which requires some DLLs in the client to be updated as well (The DLLs are the dependencies of the main executable). For now, we have to close the client, manually deploy the DLLs, and then start the client again. This is kind of an inconvenience because the client is an automated application, so normally it doesn't need any user intervention. Is it possible for this to be done automatically without restart or user intervention? Like, the client would download the latest DLL, and replace the current one?

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• What is the most effective order to learn SQL Server, LINQ, and Entity Framework?

  - by user1525474

  I am trying to get some advice on what order I should learn about SQL Server, LINQ, and Entity Framework to be able to better work with ASP.NET Webforms and MVC. From what I've been able to learn so far, many recommend learning LINQ or Entity Framework before learning SQL Server. It also appears that many companies are looking for people with knowledge in LINQ-to-SQL and Entity Framework without mentioning SQL Server. However, my understanding is that LINQ-to-SQL and Entity Framework translate code into SQL Server queries, making this a poor approach. Is there a correct or best order in which to learn these technologies?

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• How to decide whether to implement an operation as Entity operation vs Service operation in Domain Driven Design?

  - by Louis Rhys

  I am reading Evans's Domain Driven Design. The book says that there are entity and there are services. If I were to implement an operation, how to decide whether I should add it as a method on an entity or do it in a service class? e.g. myEntity.DoStuff() or myService.DoStuffOn(myEntity)? Does it depend on whether other entities are involved? If it involves other entities, implement as service operation? But entities can have associations and can traverse it from there too right? Does it depend on stateless or not? But service can also access entities' variable, right? Like in do stuff myService.DoStuffOn, it can have code like if(myEntity.IsX) doSomething(); Which means that it will depend on the state? Or does it depend on complexity? How do you define complex operations?

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• How do you choose to use a specific programming language?

  - by Jesús Bracamonte

  I was having a small talk between teammates about how you choose a programming language for use in a project which lead me to think that there are many criteria to choose one in the beginning of a project but no real standard. Do you chose a programming language for the syntax and semantics? Or do you choose one because it has the best support to do certain things? Or because you have better libraries? Or do you choose it for the paradigm? What criteria do you use to choose one language when you are going to do a project?

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• Acceptable placement of the composition root using dependency injection and inversion of control containers

  - by Lumirris

  I've read in several sources including Mark Seemann's 'Ploeh' blog about how the appropriate placement of the composition root of an IoC container is as close as possible to the entry point of an application. In the .NET world, these applications seem to be commonly thought of as Web projects, WPF projects, console applications, things with a typical UI (read: not library projects). Is it really going against this sage advice to place the composition root at the entry point of a library project, when it represents the logical entry point of a group of library projects, and the client of a project group such as this is someone else's work, whose author can't or won't add the composition root to their project (a UI project or yet another library project, even)? I'm familiar with Ninject as an IoC container implementation, but I imagine many others work the same way in that they can scan for a module containing all the necessary binding configurations. This means I could put a binding module in its own library project to compile with my main library project's output, and if the client wanted to change the configuration (an unlikely scenario in my case), they could drop in a replacement dll to replace the library with the binding module. This seems to avoid the most common clients having to deal with dependency injection and composition roots at all, and would make for the cleanest API for the library project group. Yet this seems to fly in the face of conventional wisdom on the issue. Is it just that most of the advice out there makes the assumption that the developer has some coordination with the development of the UI project(s) as well, rather than my case, in which I'm just developing libraries for others to use?

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• Java EE Web Services study guides

  - by Marthin

  I´m going for the Java EE 6 Web Services Developer certificat but I´m having a hard time to find som solid study guides and mock exams. I already have the JPA and very soon EJB cert so i´m not new to this stuff but I´v looked at coderanch and other places but all information seems a bit outdated. So any tips for books, mock exams free or not, tutorials or other guides would be very much appreciated. EDIT: I will of course read all JSR´s needed.

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• Google Closure Compiler - what does the name mean?

  - by mikez302

  I am curious about the Google Closure Compiler. Why did they name it that? Does it have anything to do with lexical closures? EDIT: I tried researching it in the FAQ and documentation, as well as doing Google searches such as "closure compiler name". I couldn't find anything definite, hence the reason I am asking. I don't think I will get a profoundly helpful answer but I was hoping that I could at least satisfy my curiosity. I am not trying to solve a specific problem. I am just curious.

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• Visual Studio 2010 editor painfully slow [closed]

  - by Daniel Gehriger

  I'm running out of patience with MS VisualStudio 2010: I'm working on a solution containing ~50 C++ projects. When using the editor, I experience a lag of 1 - 2 seconds whenever I move the cursor to a different line, or when I move to a different window, or generally when the editor losses and gains focus. I went through a whole series of optimizations, to no avail: installed all hotfixes for VS2010 disabled all add-ins and extensions disabled Intellisense deleted all temporary files created by VS2010 disabled hardware acceleration unloaded all but 15 projects disabled tracking changes closed all but one window and so on. This is on a Dual Core machine with SSD harddrive (verified throughput 100MB/s), enough free space on HD, Windows 7 Pro 32-bit with 3GB of RAM and most of it still free. Whenever I type a letter, CPU usage of devenv.exe goes to 50 - 90% in process monitor for 1 - 2 seconds before returning to 5%. I used Process Explorer to analyze registry and file system access, and I only notice frequent accesses to the .sln file (which is quiet small), and a few registry reads, but nothing that would raise a red flag. I don't have this problem with solutions containing less projects, so I'm inclined to think that it's related to the number of projects. For your information, the entire solution has been migrated over the years from VS2005 to VS2008 to now VS2010. Does anyone have any ideas what else I could do to resume work on this project, other than returning to VS2008?

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• SOA, Java EE and data organization

  - by jolasveinn

  At the company I work for, we're currently splitting up our monolith solution into a number of small services (SOA). Many of the services are small, so we'd like to deploy a number of these services on the same application server, JBoss 7.1 in this case. As per the SOA philosophy, the independence of each service and the teams working on them is very important. What would be the best way to organize the data? Use one schema per service Would you use one datasource per schema in the application server? Or use one datasource, prefixing all DB object names with the schema name in some transparent manner? Use a shared schema, but evading any naming collisions by requiring each service to use a distinct prefix for all DB objects Other options? Am I maybe thinking this completely wrong here? :)

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