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  • How to perform simple collision detection?

    - by Rob
    Imagine two squares sitting side by side, both level with the ground like so: A simple way to detect if one is hitting the other is to compare the location of each side. They are touching if all of the following are false: The right square's left side is to the right of the left square's right side. The right square's right side is to the left of the left square's left side. The right square's bottom side is above the left square's top side. The right square's top side is below the left square's bottom side. If any of those are true, the squares are not touching. But consider a case like this, where one square is at a 45 degree angle: Is there an equally simple way to determine if those squares are touching?

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  • Can't export Blender model for use in jMonkeyEngine SDK

    - by Nathan Sabruka
    I have a scene rendered in blender called "civ1.blend" which contains multiple materials (for example, I have one called "white"). I want to use this model in jMonkeyEngine, so I used the OGRE exporter to create .scene and .material files. This gives me, for example, a civ1.scene file and a white.material file.However, when I then try to import civ1.scene into the jMonkeyEngine SDK, I get an error along the lines of "Cannot find material file 'civ1.material'". Like I said, I have a white.material file, but I do not have a civ1.material file. Did anyone encounter this problem? How do I fix this?

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  • Why does my VertexDeclaration apparently not contain Position0?

    - by Phil
    I'm trying to get my code from calling each individual draw call down to using at least a VertexBuffer, and preferably an indexBuffer, but now that I'm attempting to test my code, I'm getting the error: The current vertex declaration does not include all the elements required by the current vertex shader. Position0 is missing. Which makes absolutely no sense to me, as my VertexDeclaration is: public readonly static VertexDeclaration VertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration( new VertexElement(0, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Position, 0), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 3, VertexElementFormat.Color, VertexElementUsage.Color, 0), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 3 + 4, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Normal, 0) ); Which clearly contains the information. I am attempting to draw with the following lines: VertexBuffer vb = new VertexBuffer(GraphicsDevice, VertexPositionColorNormal.VertexDeclaration, c.VertexList.Count, BufferUsage.WriteOnly); IndexBuffer ib = new IndexBuffer(GraphicsDevice, typeof(int), c.IndexList.Count, BufferUsage.WriteOnly); vb.SetData<VertexPositionColorNormal>(c.VertexList.ToArray()); ib.SetData<int>(c.IndexList.ToArray()); GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, vb.VertexCount, 0, c.IndexList.Count/3); Where c is a Chunk class containing an 8x8x8 array of boxes. Full code is available at https://github.com/mrbaggins/Box/tree/ProperMeshing/box/box. Relevant locations are Chunk.cs (Contains the VertexDeclaration) and Game1.cs (Draw() is in Lines 230-250). Not much else of relevance to this problem anywhere else. Note that large commented sections are from old version of drawing.

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  • Wavefront mesh: determine which face a point belongs to?

    - by Mina Samy
    I have a 3D mesh Wavefront .obj file. Is there any algorithm that takes an arbitrary point coordinates as input and determines which face of the mesh that point belongs to ?? The mesh is rendered on the screen, then the user clicks on it, I want to determine which part of the mesh the user has clicked on ? Here's the code using LibGDX: Vector3 intersection=new Vector3(); Ray ray=camera.getPickRay(x, y); //vertices is an array that hold the coordinates of the mesh boolean ok=Intersector.intersectRayTriangles(ray, vertices, intersection); Thanks

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  • Continuous Collision Detection Techniques

    - by Griffin
    I know there are quite a few continuous collision detection algorithms out there , but I can't find a list or summary of different 2D techniques; only tutorials on specific algorithms. What techniques are out there for calculating when different 2D bodies will collide and what are the advantages / disadvantages of each? I say techniques and not algorithms because I have not yet decided on how I will store different polygons which might be concave or even have holes. I plan to make a decision on this based on what the algorithm requires (for instance if an algorithm breaks down a polygon into triangles or convex shapes I will simply store the polygon data in this form).

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  • Making efficeint voxel engines using "chunks"

    - by Wardy
    Concept I'm currently looking in to how voxel engines work with a view to possibly making one myself. I see a lot of stuff like this ... https://sites.google.com/site/letsmakeavoxelengine/home/chunks ... which talks about how to go about reducing the draw calls. What I can't seem to understand is how it actually saves draw call counts on the basis of the logic being something like this ... Without chunks foreach voxel in myvoxels DrawIfVisible() With Chunks foreach chunk in mychunks DrawIfVisible() which then does ... foreach voxel in myvoxels DrawIfVisible() So surely you saved nothing ?!?! You still make a draw call for each visible voxel do you not? A visible voxel needs a draw call in either scenario. The only real saving I can see is that the logic that evaluates a chunk will be able to determine if a large number of voxels are visible or not effectively saving a bit of "is this chunk visible" cpu time. But it's the draw calls that interest me ... The fewer of those, the faster the application. EDIT: In case it makes any difference I will probably be using XNA (DX not OpenGL) for my engine so don't consider my choice of example in the link above my choice of technology. But this question is such that I doubt it would matter.

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  • 3D Texture Mapping (Atlas)

    - by Tim Hatch
    This is a pretty simple question. If I was to use multiple images in a single texture for a 3D cube, how would I go about re-using each vertex (having 8 total vs 24)? With a single buffer of 8 vertices, I don't see how I'd properly reuse the UV values. Any help on that? I know it's not terribly clear, but I figured it was a simple question. The 2D method is pretty easy, the next coordinates would be the same as the first (0,0 and 0,1 respectively). However, the above 3D version has me quite befuddled.

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  • How to implement an intelligent enemy in a shoot-em-up?

    - by bummzack
    Imagine a very simple shoot-em-up, something we all know: You're the player (green). Your movement is restricted to the X axis. Our enemy (or enemies) is at the top of the screen, his movement is also restricted to the X axis. The player fires bullets (yellow) at the enemy. I'd like to implement an A.I. for the enemy that should be really good at avoiding the players bullets. My first idea was to divide the screen into discrete sections and assign weights to them: There are two weights: The "bullet-weight" (grey) is the danger imposed by a bullet. The closer the bullet is to the enemy, the higher the "bullet-weight" (0..1, where 1 is highest danger). Lanes without a bullet have a weight of 0. The second weight is the "distance-weight" (lime-green). For every lane I add 0.2 movement cost (this value is kinda arbitrary now and could be tweaked). Then I simply add the weights (white) and go to the lane with the lowest weight (red). But this approach has an obvious flaw, because it can easily miss local minima as the optimal place to go would be simply between two incoming bullets (as denoted with the white arrow). So here's what I'm looking for: Should find a way through bullet-storm, even when there's no place that doesn't impose a threat of a bullet. Enemy can reliably dodge bullets by picking an optimal (or almost optimal) solution. Algorithm should be able to factor in bullet movement speed (as they might move with different velocities). Ways to tweak the algorithm so that different levels of difficulty can be applied (dumb to super-intelligent enemies). Algorithm should allow different goals, as the enemy doesn't only want to evade bullets, he should also be able to shoot the player. That means that positions where the enemy can fire at the player should be preferred when dodging bullets. So how would you tackle this? Contrary to other games of this genre, I'd like to have only a few, but very "skilled" enemies instead of masses of dumb enemies.

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  • Check if an object is facing another based on angles

    - by Isaiah
    I already have something that calculates the bearing angle to get one object to face another. You give it the positions and it returns the angle to get one to face the other. Now I need to figure out how tell if on object is facing toward another object within a specified field and I can't find any information about how to do this. The objects are obj1 and obj2. Their angles are at obj1.angle and obj2.angle. Their vectors are at obj1.pos and obj2.pos. It's in the format [x,y]. The angle to have one face directly at another is found with direction(obj1.pos,obj2.pos). I want to set the function up like this: isfacing(obj1,obj2,area){...} and return true/false depending if it's in the specified field area to the angle to directly see it. I've got a base like this: var isfacing = function (obj1,obj2,area){ var toface = direction(obj1.pos,obj2.pos); if(toface+area >= obj1.angle && ob1.angle >= toface-area){ return true; } return false; } But my problem is that the angles are in 360 degrees, never above 360 and never below 0. How can I account for that in this? If the first object's angle is say at 0 and say I subtract a field area of 20 or so. It'll check if it's less than -20! If I fix the -20 it becomes 340 but x < 340 isn't what I want, I'd have to x 340 in that case. Is there someone out there with more sleep than I that can help a new dev pulling an all-nighter just to get enemies to know if they're attacking in the right direction? I hope I'm making this harder than it seems. I'd just make them always face the main char if the producer didn't want attacks from behind to work while blocking. In which case I'll need the function above anyways. I've tried to give as much info as I can think would help. Also this is in 2d.

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  • Strange behavior of RigidBody with gravity and impulse applied

    - by Heisenbug
    I'm doing some experiments trying to figure out how physics works in Unity. I created a cube mesh with a BoxCollider and a RigidBody. The cuve is laying on a mesh plane with a BoxCollider. I'm trying to update the object position applying a force on its RigidBody. Inside script FixedUpdate function I'm doing the following: public void FixedUpdate() { if (leftButtonPressed()) this.rigidbody.AddForce( this.transform.forward * this.forceStrength, ForceMode.Impulse); } Despite the object is aligned with the world axis and the force is applied along Z axis, it performs a quite big rotation movement around its y axis. Since I didn't modify the center of mass and the BoxCollider position and dimension, all values should be fine. Removing gravity and letting the object flying without touching the plane, the problem doesn't show. So I suppose it's related to the friction between objects, but I can't understand exactly which is the problem. Why this? What's my mistake? How can I fix this, or what's the right way to do such a moving an object on a plane through a force impulse?

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  • Understanding IDAT chunk of PNG file format

    - by DRapp
    From the sample image below, I have a border in yellow just for display purposes only. The actual .png file is a simple black/white image 3 pixels by 3 pixels. I was originally thinking to try as a 2x2, but that would not help trying to interpret low/hi vs hi/low drawing stream. At least this way, I would have two black, one white from the top, or one white, two black from the bottom.. So I read the chunks of data, get to the IDAT chunk, decode that (zlib) and come up with 12 bytes as follows 00 20 00 40 00 80 So, my question, how does the above get broken down into the 3x3 black and white sample... Also, it is saved in palette format and properly recognizes the bit depth of 1 and color palette of 2... color pallet[0] is RGBA all zeros. Palette1 has RGBA of 255, 255, 255, 0 I'll eventually get into the multiple other depth formats later, just wanted to start with what would expect to be the easiest. Part II. Any guidance on handling the other depth formats would help if anything special to be considered especially regarding alpha channel (which I am already looking for in the palette) that might trip me up.

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  • Why are trees shining in background?

    - by Kinected
    Currently I am creating a forest scene in the dark, and the trees are shining far away, but when I get close they are fine. I have the shaders set to "Nature/Tree Soft Occlusion [bark/leaves]", but they are still rendering strange far away, but close they are fine. I tried placing the trees in a folder named "Ambient-Occlusion" like said here, but no luck. Also fog is turned off. Thanks in advance.

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  • Are there any open source projects for car engine sound simulation?

    - by Petteri Hietavirta
    I have been thinking how to create realistic sound for a car. The main sound is the engine, then all kind of wind, road and suspension sounds. Are there any open source projects for the engine sound simulation? Simply pitching up the sample does not sound too great. The ideal would be to something that allows me to pick type of the engine (i.e. inline-4 vs v-8), add extras like turbo/supercharger whine and finally set the load and rpm. Edit: Something like http://www.sonory.org/examples.html

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  • How do I use D3DXVec3Unproject with D3D11?

    - by Miguel P
    I'm having a small issue with D3DXVec3Unproject. I'm currently using Direct3D 11 and not 10, and the signature for this function is: D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV, CONST D3D10_VIEWPORT *pViewport, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pProjection, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pView, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pWorld As you may have noticed, it requires a D3D10_VIEWPORT, and I'm using a Direct3D 11 viewport, D3D11_VIEWPORT. Do you have any ideas how I can use D3DXVec3Unproject with Direct3D 11?

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  • Heightmap and Textures

    - by Robert
    Im trying to find the "best way" to apply a texture to a heightmap with opengl 3.x. Its really hard to find something on google because tutorials are olds and they're all using different methods, im really lost and i dont know what to use at all. Here is my code that generates the heightmap (its basic) float[] vertexes = null; float[] textureCoords = null; for(int x = 0; x < this.m_size.width; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < this.m_size.height; y++) { vertexes ~= [x, 1.0f, y]; textureCoords ~= [cast(float)x / 50, cast(float)y / 50]; } } As you can see, i dont know how to apply the texture at all (i was using / 50 for my tests). Result of that code : I would like to have something very basic like : (you can find more pics in his blog) Edit : my texture size is 1024x1024.

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  • How do I get the point coords of a rotated SFML shaperect?

    - by user15498
    I am trying to get collisions of bullets working, and am using SFML. I am using code to get the position of the points of the rectangle for collisions, however I think there's a way to do this without having to get points but by simply getting the points from SFML, since the shape is a rectangle and the points are stored in that way. Is there a way to do that? Through a combination of getPoint() and getGlobalBounds() maybe? While on this topic, is it better to use shapeRects or sprites? I used to only use sprites, however with the addition of textures and more low level stuff I think it would be best to switch to using rectangles and setting their size.

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  • Kinect joint coordinates and XNA animation

    - by Sweta Dwivedi
    I have written a program to record the x,y,z coordinated of the Hand joint and I want to animate my models 2D or 3D according to these coordinates. . .However the output of the x,y,z coordinates are fluctuating from -0 to 1 but not more than that.. So i assume I will need to multiply them back with the screen width and height, however it still doesnt seem to animate according to the original x,y,z points Any transformations I might be missing out? while ((line = r.ReadLine()) != null) { string[] temp = line.Split(','); int x = (int) float.Parse(temp[0]))* maxWidth); int y = (int) float.Parse(temp[1])) * maxHeight); }

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  • Render angles of a 3D model into 2D images?

    - by Ricket
    Is there a tool out there that you can give a 3D model file, and it will output 2D renders of it from various angles? For example if you were making a 2D RPG but you want to make your character look nice, you might make the character in 3D and then just render the character from 8 or more angles into images which then are used by the 2D engine to give a pseudo-3D look. Does such a tool exist or will it need to be custom-written or done manually?

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  • What is a good practice for 2D scene graph partitioning for culling?

    - by DevilWithin
    I need to know an efficient way to cull the scene graph objects, to render exclusively the ones in the view, and as fast as possible. I am thinking of doing it the following way, having in each object a local boundingbox which holds the object bounds, and a global boundingbox which holds the bounds of the object and all children. When a camera is moved, the render list is updated by traversing the global boundingboxes. When only the object is being moved, it tries to enlarge or shrink the ancestors global boundingboxes, and in the end updating or not the renderlist. What do you think of this approach? Do you think it will provide a fast and efficient culling? Also, because the render list is a contiguous list, it could accelerate the rendering, right? Any further tips for a 2D scene graphs are highly appreciated!

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  • Jittery Movement, Uncontrollably Rotating + Front of Sprite?

    - by Vipar
    So I've been looking around to try and figure out how I make my sprite face my mouse. So far the sprite moves to where my mouse is by some vector math. Now I'd like it to rotate and face the mouse as it moves. From what I've found this calculation seems to be what keeps reappearing: Sprite Rotation = Atan2(Direction Vectors Y Position, Direction Vectors X Position) I express it like so: sp.Rotation = (float)Math.Atan2(directionV.Y, directionV.X); If I just go with the above, the sprite seems to jitter left and right ever so slightly but never rotate out of that position. Seeing as Atan2 returns the rotation in radians I found another piece of calculation to add to the above which turns it into degrees: sp.Rotation = (float)Math.Atan2(directionV.Y, directionV.X) * 180 / PI; Now the sprite rotates. Problem is that it spins uncontrollably the closer it comes to the mouse. One of the problems with the above calculation is that it assumes that +y goes up rather than down on the screen. As I recorded in these two videos, the first part is the slightly jittery movement (A lot more visible when not recording) and then with the added rotation: Jittery Movement So my questions are: How do I fix that weird Jittery movement when the sprite stands still? Some have suggested to make some kind of "snap" where I set the position of the sprite directly to the mouse position when it's really close. But no matter what I do the snapping is noticeable. How do I make the sprite stop spinning uncontrollably? Is it possible to simply define the front of the sprite and use that to make it "face" the right way?

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  • 2D Side scroller collision detection

    - by Shanon Simmonds
    I am trying to do some collision detection between objects and tiles, but the tiles do not have there own x and y position, they are just rendered to the x and y position given, there is an array of integers which has the ids of the tiles to use(which are given from an image and all the different colors are assigned different tiles) int x0 = camera.x / 16; int y0 = camera.y / 16; int x1 = (camera.x + screen.width) / 16; int y1 = (camera.y + screen.height) / 16; for(int y = y0; y < y1; y++) { if(y < 0 || y >= height) continue; // height is the height of the level for(int x = x0; x < x1; x++) { if(x < 0 || x >= width) continue; // width is the width of the level getTile(x, y).render(screen, x * 16, y * 16); } } I tried using the levels getTile method to see if the tile that the object was going to advance to, to see if it was a certain tile, but, it seems to only work in some directions. Any ideas on what I'm doing wrong and fixes would be greatly appreciated. What's wrong is that it doesn't collide properly in every direction and also this is how I tested for a collision in the objects class if(!level.getTile((x + xa) / 16, (y + ya) / 16).isSolid()) { x += xa; y += ya; } EDIT: xa and ya represent the direction as well as the movement, if xa is negative it means the object is moving left, if its positive it is moving right, and same with ya except negative for up, positive for down.

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  • How are these bullets done?

    - by Mike
    I really want to know how the bullets in Radiangames Inferno are done. The bullets seem like they are just billboard particles but I am curious about how their tails are implemented. They can curve so this means they are not just a billboard. Also, they appear continuous which implies that the tails are not made of a bunch of smaller particles (I think). Can anyone shead some light on this for me?

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  • The right way to add images to Monogame/Windows

    - by ashes999
    I'm starting out with MonoGame. For now, I'm only targeting Windows (desktop -- not Windows 8 specifically). I've used a couple of XNA products in the past (raw XNA, FlatRedBall, SilverSprite), so I may have a misunderstanding about how I should add images to my content. How do I add images to my project? Currently, I created a new Monogame project, added a folder called "Content," and added images under there; the only caveat is that I need to set the Copy to Output Directory action to one of the Copy ones. It seems strange, because my "raw" XNA project just last week had a Content project in it (XNA Framework Content Pipeline, according to VS2010), which compiled my images to XNB (I think). It seems like Monogame doesn't use the same content pipeline, but I'm not sure. Edit: My question is not about "how do I get the XNA content pipeline to work with Monogame." My question is "why would I want to use the XNA content pipeline in Monogame?" Because there are (at least) two solutions (that I see today): Add the images to the Monogame project and set the Copy to Output Directory options to copy. Add a XNA content pipeline project and add my images to that instead; reference it from my MOnogame project. Which solution should I use, and why? I currently have a working version with the first option.

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  • Algorithms for rainfall + river creation in procedurally generated terrain

    - by Peck
    I've recently become fascinated by the things that can be done with procedurally terrain and have started experimenting with world building a bit. I'd like to be able to make worlds something like Dwarf fortress with biomes created from meshing together various maps. So first step has been done. Using the diamond-square algorithm I've created some nice hieghtmaps. Next step is I would like to add some water features and have them somewhat realistically generated with rainfall. I've read about a few different approaches such as starting at the high points of the map, and "stepping" down to the lowest neighboring point, pooling/eroding as it works its way down to sea level. Are there any documented algorithms with this or are they more off the cuff? Would love any advice/thoughts.

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  • ssao implementation

    - by Irbis
    I try to implement a ssao based on this tutorial: link I use a deferred rendering and world coordinates for shading calculations. When saving gbuffer a vertex shader output looks like this: worldPosition = vec3(ModelMatrix * vec4(inPosition, 1.0)); normal = normalize(normalModelMatrix * inNormal); gl_Position = ProjectionMatrix * ViewMatrix * ModelMatrix * vec4(inPosition, 1.0); Next for a ssao calculations I render a scene as a full screen quad and I save an occlusion parameter in a texture. (Vertex positions in the world space: link Normals in the world space: link) SSAO implementation: subroutine (RenderPassType) void ssao() { vec2 texCoord = CalcTexCoord(); vec3 worldPos = texture(texture0, texCoord).xyz; vec3 normal = normalize(texture(texture1, texCoord).xyz); vec2 noiseScale = vec2(screenSize.x / 4, screenSize.y / 4); vec3 rvec = texture(texture2, texCoord * noiseScale).xyz; vec3 tangent = normalize(rvec - normal * dot(rvec, normal)); vec3 bitangent = cross(normal, tangent); mat3 tbn = mat3(tangent, bitangent, normal); float occlusion = 0.0; float radius = 4.0; for (int i = 0; i < kernelSize; ++i) { vec3 pix = tbn * kernel[i]; pix = pix * radius + worldPos; vec4 offset = vec4(pix, 1.0); offset = ProjectionMatrix * ViewMatrix * offset; offset.xy /= offset.w; offset.xy = offset.xy * 0.5 + 0.5; float sample_depth = texture(texture0, offset.xy).z; float range_check = abs(worldPos.z - sample_depth) < radius ? 1.0 : 0.0; occlusion += (sample_depth <= pix.z ? 1.0 : 0.0); } outputColor = vec4(occlusion, occlusion, occlusion, 1); } That code gives following results: camera looking towards -z world space: link camera looking towards +z world space: link I wonder if it is possible to use world coordinates in the above code ? When I move camera I get different results because world space positions don't change. Can I treat worldPos.z as a linear depth ? What should I change to get a correct results ? I except the white areas in place of occlusion, so the ground should has the white areas only near to the object.

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