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  • Inconsistent movement / line-of-sight around obstacles on a hexagonal grid

    - by Darq
    In a roguelike game I've been working on, one of my core design goals has been to allow the player to "Play the game, not the grid." In essence, I want the player's positioning to be tactical because of elements in the game world, not simply because some grid tiles are more advantageous than others, in relation to enemies. I am fine with world geometry not being realistic, but it needs to be consistent. In this process I have ran into most of the common problems (Square tiles? Diagonal movement, LOS, corner cases, etc.) and have moved to a hexagonal tile grid. For the most part this has been great, and I've not had too many inconsistencies. Recently however I have been stumped by the following: Points A and B are both distance 4 from the player (red lines). Line-of-sight to both are blocked by walls (black tiles). However, due to the hexagonal grid, A can be reached in 4 moves, whereas B requires 5 moves (blue lines). On a hex grid, "shortest path" seems divorced from "direct path", there may be multiple shortest paths to any point, but there is only one direct path (or two in some situations). This is fine, geometry need not be realistic. However this also seems inconsistent, similar obstacles are more effective in some positions than in others. A player running away from an enemy should be able to run in any direction, increasing the distance between the two actors. However when placing obstacles or traps between themselves and enemies, the player is best served by running in one of the six directions that don't have multiple shortest paths. Is there a way to rationalise this? Am I missing something that makes this behaviour consistent? Or is there a way to make this behaviour consistent? I am most certainly over-thinking this, but as it is one of my goals, I should do it due diligence.

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  • Random map generation

    - by Thomas Owers
    I'm starting/started a 2D tilemap RPG game in Java and I want to implement random map generation. I have a list of different tiles, (dirt/sand/stone/grass/gravel etc) along with water tiles and path tiles, the problem I have is that I have no idea where to start on generating a map randomly. It would need to have terrain sections (Like a part of it will be sand, part dirt, etc.) Similar to how Minecraft is where you have different biomes and they seamlessly transform into each other. Lastly I would also need to add random paths into this as well going in different directions all over the map. I'm not asking anyone to write me all the code or anything, just piont me into the right direction please. tl;dr - Generate a tile map with biomes, paths and make sure the biomes seamlessly go into each other.

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  • XAudio2 - Multiple instances of the same sound

    - by Boreal
    Right now, I'm adding a rudimentary sound engine to my game. So far, I am able to load in a WAV file and play it once, then free up the memory when I close the game. However, the game crashes with a nice ArgumentOutOfBoundsException when I try to play another sound instance. Specified argument was out of the range of valid values. Parameter name: readLength I'm following this tutorial pretty much exactly, but I still keep getting the aforementioned error. Here's my sound-related code. http://pastebin.com/FgaqfXTs The exception occurs on line 156 when I am playing the sound: source.SubmitSourceBuffer(buffer);

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  • Maintain proper symbol order when applying an armature in flash

    - by Michael Taufen
    I am trying to animate a character's leg in flash CS 5.5 for a game I am working on. I decided to use the bone tool because it's awesome. The problem I am having, however, is that for my character to be animated properly, the symbols that make up his leg (upper leg, lower leg, and shoe) need to be on top of each other in a specific way (otherwise the shoe looks like its next to the leg, etc). Applying the bones results in the following problem: the first symbol I apply it to is placed in the rear on the armature layer, the next on top of it, and so on, until the final symbol is already on top. I need them to be in the opposite order, but arrange send to back does nothing on the armature layer. How can I fix this? tl;dr: The bone tool is not maintaining the stacking order of my objects, please help. Thanks for helping :).

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  • Push back rectangle where collision happens

    - by Tifa
    I have a tile collision on a game I am creating but the problem is once a collision happens for example a collision happens in right side my sprite cant move to up and bottom :( thats because i set the speed to 0. I thinks its wrong. here is my code: int startX, startY, endX, endY; float pushx = 0,pushy = 0; // move player if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Input.Keys.LEFT)){ dx=-1; currentWalk = leftWalk; } if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Input.Keys.RIGHT)){ dx=1; currentWalk = rightWalk; } if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Input.Keys.DOWN)){ dy=-1; currentWalk = downWalk; } if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Input.Keys.UP)){ dy=1; currentWalk = upWalk; } sr.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); sr.begin(ShapeRenderer.ShapeType.Line); Rectangle koalaRect = rectPool.obtain(); koalaRect.set(player.getX(), player.getY(), pw, ph /2 ); float oldX = player.getX(), oldY = player.getY(); // THIS LINE WAS ADDED player.setXY(player.getX() + dx * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime() * 4f, player.getY() + dy * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime() * 4f); // THIS LINE WAS MOVED HERE FROM DOWN BELOW if(dx> 0) { startX = endX = (int)(player.getX() + pw); } else { startX = endX = (int)(player.getX() ); } startY = (int)(player.getY()); endY = (int)(player.getY() + ph); getTiles(startX, startY, endX, endY, tiles); for(Rectangle tile: tiles) { sr.rect(tile.x,tile.y,tile.getWidth(),tile.getHeight()); if(koalaRect.overlaps(tile)) { //dx = 0; player.setX(oldX); // THIS LINE CHANGED Gdx.app.log("x","hit " + player.getX() + " " + oldX); break; } } if(dy > 0) { startY = endY = (int)(player.getY() + ph ); } else { startY = endY = (int)(player.getY() ); } startX = (int)(player.getX()); endX = (int)(player.getX() + pw); getTiles(startX, startY, endX, endY, tiles); for(Rectangle tile: tiles) { if(koalaRect.overlaps(tile)) { //dy = 0; player.setY(oldY); // THIS LINE CHANGED //Gdx.app.log("y","hit" + player.getY() + " " + oldY); break; } } sr.rect(koalaRect.x,koalaRect.y,koalaRect.getWidth(),koalaRect.getHeight() / 2); sr.setColor(Color.GREEN); sr.end(); I want to push back the sprite when a collision happens but i have no idea how :D pls help

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  • CSM DX11 issues

    - by KaiserJohaan
    I got CSM to work in OpenGL, and now Im trying to do the same in directx. I'm using the same math library and all and I'm pretty much using the alghorithm straight off. I am using right-handed, column major matrices from GLM. The light is looking (-1, -1, -1). The problem I have is twofolds; For some reason, the ground floor is causing alot of (false) shadow artifacts, like the vast shadowed area you see. I confirmed this when I disabled the ground for the depth pass, but thats a hack more than anything else The shadows are inverted compared to the shadowmap. If you squint you can see the chairs shadows should be mirrored instead. This is the first cascade shadow map, in range of the alien and the chair: I can't figure out why this is. This is the depth pass: for (uint32_t cascadeIndex = 0; cascadeIndex < NUM_SHADOWMAP_CASCADES; cascadeIndex++) { mShadowmap.BindDepthView(context, cascadeIndex); CameraFrustrum cameraFrustrum = CalculateCameraFrustrum(degreesFOV, aspectRatio, nearDistArr[cascadeIndex], farDistArr[cascadeIndex], cameraViewMatrix); lightVPMatrices[cascadeIndex] = CreateDirLightVPMatrix(cameraFrustrum, lightDir); mVertexTransformPass.RenderMeshes(context, renderQueue, meshes, lightVPMatrices[cascadeIndex]); lightVPMatrices[cascadeIndex] = gBiasMatrix * lightVPMatrices[cascadeIndex]; farDistArr[cascadeIndex] = -farDistArr[cascadeIndex]; } CameraFrustrum CalculateCameraFrustrum(const float fovDegrees, const float aspectRatio, const float minDist, const float maxDist, const Mat4& cameraViewMatrix) { CameraFrustrum ret = { Vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), Vec4(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), Vec4(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), Vec4(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), Vec4(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f), Vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f), Vec4(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f), Vec4(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f), }; const Mat4 perspectiveMatrix = PerspectiveMatrixFov(fovDegrees, aspectRatio, minDist, maxDist); const Mat4 invMVP = glm::inverse(perspectiveMatrix * cameraViewMatrix); for (Vec4& corner : ret) { corner = invMVP * corner; corner /= corner.w; } return ret; } Mat4 CreateDirLightVPMatrix(const CameraFrustrum& cameraFrustrum, const Vec3& lightDir) { Mat4 lightViewMatrix = glm::lookAt(Vec3(0.0f), -glm::normalize(lightDir), Vec3(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f)); Vec4 transf = lightViewMatrix * cameraFrustrum[0]; float maxZ = transf.z, minZ = transf.z; float maxX = transf.x, minX = transf.x; float maxY = transf.y, minY = transf.y; for (uint32_t i = 1; i < 8; i++) { transf = lightViewMatrix * cameraFrustrum[i]; if (transf.z > maxZ) maxZ = transf.z; if (transf.z < minZ) minZ = transf.z; if (transf.x > maxX) maxX = transf.x; if (transf.x < minX) minX = transf.x; if (transf.y > maxY) maxY = transf.y; if (transf.y < minY) minY = transf.y; } Mat4 viewMatrix(lightViewMatrix); viewMatrix[3][0] = -(minX + maxX) * 0.5f; viewMatrix[3][1] = -(minY + maxY) * 0.5f; viewMatrix[3][2] = -(minZ + maxZ) * 0.5f; viewMatrix[0][3] = 0.0f; viewMatrix[1][3] = 0.0f; viewMatrix[2][3] = 0.0f; viewMatrix[3][3] = 1.0f; Vec3 halfExtents((maxX - minX) * 0.5, (maxY - minY) * 0.5, (maxZ - minZ) * 0.5); return OrthographicMatrix(-halfExtents.x, halfExtents.x, -halfExtents.y, halfExtents.y, halfExtents.z, -halfExtents.z) * viewMatrix; } And this is the pixel shader used for the lighting stage: #define DEPTH_BIAS 0.0005 #define NUM_CASCADES 4 cbuffer DirectionalLightConstants : register(CBUFFER_REGISTER_PIXEL) { float4x4 gSplitVPMatrices[NUM_CASCADES]; float4x4 gCameraViewMatrix; float4 gSplitDistances; float4 gLightColor; float4 gLightDirection; }; Texture2D gPositionTexture : register(TEXTURE_REGISTER_POSITION); Texture2D gDiffuseTexture : register(TEXTURE_REGISTER_DIFFUSE); Texture2D gNormalTexture : register(TEXTURE_REGISTER_NORMAL); Texture2DArray gShadowmap : register(TEXTURE_REGISTER_DEPTH); SamplerComparisonState gShadowmapSampler : register(SAMPLER_REGISTER_DEPTH); float4 ps_main(float4 position : SV_Position) : SV_Target0 { float4 worldPos = gPositionTexture[uint2(position.xy)]; float4 diffuse = gDiffuseTexture[uint2(position.xy)]; float4 normal = gNormalTexture[uint2(position.xy)]; float4 camPos = mul(gCameraViewMatrix, worldPos); uint index = 3; if (camPos.z > gSplitDistances.x) index = 0; else if (camPos.z > gSplitDistances.y) index = 1; else if (camPos.z > gSplitDistances.z) index = 2; float3 projCoords = (float3)mul(gSplitVPMatrices[index], worldPos); float viewDepth = projCoords.z - DEPTH_BIAS; projCoords.z = float(index); float visibilty = gShadowmap.SampleCmpLevelZero(gShadowmapSampler, projCoords, viewDepth); float angleNormal = clamp(dot(normal, gLightDirection), 0, 1); return visibilty * diffuse * angleNormal * gLightColor; } As you can see I am using depth bias and a bias matrix. Any hints on why this behaves so wierdly?

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  • What datastructure would you use for a collision-detection in a tilemap?

    - by Solom
    Currently I save those blocks in my map that could be colliding with the player in a HashMap (Vector2, Block). So the Vector2 represents the coordinates of the blog. Whenever the player moves I then iterate over all these Blocks (that are in a specific range around the player) and check if a collision happened. This was my first rough idea on how to implement the collision-detection. Currently if the player moves I put more and more blocks in the HashMap until a specific "upper bound", then I clear it and start over. I was fully aware that it was not the brightest solution for the problem, but as said, it was a rough first implementation (I'm still learning a lot about game-design and the data-structure). What data-structure would you use to save the Blocks? I thought about a Queue or even a Stack, but I'm not sure, hence I ask.

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  • Texture the quad with different parts of texture

    - by PolGraphic
    I have a 2D quad. Let say it's position is (5,10) and size is (7,11). I want to texture it with one texture, but using three different parts of it. I want to texture the part of quad from x = 5 to x = 7 with part of texture from U = 0 to U = 0.5 (replaying it after achieving 0.5, so I will have 4 same 0.5-lenght fragments). The second one with some other part of texture (also repeating it) and third in the same style. But, how to achieve it? I know that: float2 tc = fmod(input.TexCoord, textureCoordinates.zw - textureCoordinates.xy) + textureCoordinates.xy; //textureCoordinates.xy = fragments' offset Will give me the texture part replaying.

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  • Slick2D: Animation not being parsed from spritesheet correctly

    - by user2066880
    I have a 960x960 spritesheet with each tile being 192x192. I initialized my spritesheet and animation like so: spritesheet = new SpriteSheet("resources/spritesheets/player.png", 192, 192); walkingLeft = new Animation(spritesheet, 3, 0, 0, 1, true, 20, true); When I attempt to render the animation, I get a java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: -1 error. This error doesn't occur when I'm creating an animation from images in the same row. Therefore, I'm assuming that the error is being caused because of the way Slick is handling horizontal scanning (going to the next row after reaching the end).

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  • Rotate sphere in Javascript / three.js while moving on x/z axes

    - by kaipr
    I have a sphere/ball in three.js which I want to "roll" arround on a x/z axis. For the z axe I could simply do this no matter what the current x and y rotation is: sphere.roll_z = function(distance) { sphere.position.z += distance; sphere.rotation.x += distance > 0 ? 0.05 : -0.05; } But how can I roll it along the x axe? And how could I properly do the roll_z? I've found a lot about quateration and matrixes, but I can't figure out how to use them properly to achieve my (rather simple) goal. I'm aware that I have to update multiple rotations and that I have to calculate how far to rotate the sphere to match the distance, but the "how" is the question. It's probably just lack of mathematical skills which I should train, but a working example/short explanation would help alot to start with.

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  • Creating predefinied camera views - How do I move the camera to make sense while using Controller?

    - by Deukalion
    I'm trying to understand 3D but the one thing I can't seem to understand is the Camera. Right now I'm rendering four 3D Cubes with textures and I set the Project Matrix: public BasicCamera3D(float fieldOfView, float aspectRatio, float clipStart, float clipEnd, Vector3 cameraPosition, Vector3 cameraLookAt) { projection_fieldOfView = MathHelper.ToRadians(fieldOfView); projection_aspectRatio = aspectRatio; projection_clipstart = clipStart; projection_clipend = clipEnd; matrix_projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(projection_fieldOfView, aspectRatio, clipStart, clipEnd); view_cameraposition = cameraPosition; view_cameralookat = cameraLookAt; matrix_view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(cameraPosition, cameraLookAt, Vector3.Up); } BasicCamera3D gameCamera = new BasicCamera3D(45f, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.AspectRatio, 1.0f, 1000f, new Vector3(0, 0, 8), new Vector3(0, 0, 0)); This creates a sort of "Top-Down" camera, with 8 (still don't get the unit type here - it's not pixels I guess?) But, if I try to position the camera at the side to make "Side-View" or "Reverse Side View" camera, the camera is rotating to much until it's turned around it a couple of times. I render the boxes at: new Vector3(-1, 0, 0) new Vector3(0, 0, 0) new Vector3(1, 0, 0) new Vector3(1, 0, 1) and with the Top-Down camera it shows good, but I don't get how I can make the camera show the side or 45 degrees from top (Like 3rd person action games) because the logic doesn't make sense. Also, since every object you render needs a new BasicEffect with a new projection/view/world - can you still use the "same" camera always so you don't have to create a new View/Matrix and such for each object. It's seems weird. If someone could help me get the camera to navigate around my objects "naturally" so I can be able to set a few predtermined views to choose from it would be really helpful. Are there some sort of algorithm to calculate the view for this and perhaps not simply one value? Examples: Top-Down-View: I have an object at 0, 0, 0 when I turn the right stick on the Xbox 360 Controller it should rotate around that object kind of, not flip and turn upside down, disappear and then magically appear as a tiny dot somewhere I have no clue where it is like it feels like it does now. Side-View: I have an object at 0, 0, 0 when I rotate to sides or up and down, the camera should be able to show a little more of the periphery to each side (depending on which you look at), and the same while moving up or down.

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  • How to attach turrets to tiles in a tile based game

    - by Joseph St. Pierre
    I am a flash developer, and I am building a Tower Defense game. The world is being built through tiles, and I have gotten that accomplished easily. I have also gotten level changes and enemy spawning down as well. However, I wish the player to be able to spawn turrets, and have those turrets be on specific tiles, based upon where the player placed it. Here is my code: stop(); colOffset = 50; rowOffset = 50; guns = []; placed = true; dead = 0; spawned = 0; level = 1; interval = 350 / level; amount = level * 20; counter = 0; numCol = 14; numRow = 10; tiles = []; k = 0; create = false; tileName = new Array("road","grass","end", "start"); board = new Array( new Array(1,1,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,2,1,1,1), new Array(1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1), new Array(1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1), new Array(1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1), new Array(1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,1), new Array(1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,1), new Array(1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,1), new Array(1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,1), new Array(1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1), new Array(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1) ); buildBoard(); function buildBoard(){ for ( col = 0; col < numCol; col++){ for ( row = 0; row < numRow; row++){ _root.attachMovie("tile", "tile_" + col + "_" + row, _root.getNextHighestDepth()); theTile = eval("tile_" + col + "_" + row); theTile._x = (col * 50); theTile._y = (row * 50); theTile.row = row; theTile.col = col; tileType = board[row][col]; theTile.gotoAndStop(tileName[tileType]); tiles.push(theTile); } } } init(); function init(){ onEnterFrame = function(){ counter += 1; if ( spawned < amount && counter > 50){ min= _root.attachMovie("minion","minion",_root.getNextHighestDepth()); min._x = tile_4_0._x + 25; min._y = tile_4_0._y + 25; min.health = 100; choose = Math.round(Math.random()); if ( choose == 0 ){ min.waypointX = [ tile_4_1._x +25, tile_3_1._x + 25, tile_3_2._x + 25, tile_3_6._x + 25, tile_2_6._x + 25, tile_2_8._x + 25, tile_8_8._x + 25, tile_8_9._x + 25, tile_10_9._x + 25, tile_10_7._x + 25, tile_11_7._x + 25, tile_11_6._x + 25, tile_12_6._x + 25, tile_12_4._x + 25, tile_11_4._x + 25, tile_11_2._x + 25, tile_10_2._x + 25, tile_10_0._x + 25]; min.waypointY = [ tile_4_1._y +25, tile_3_1._y + 25, tile_3_2._y + 25, tile_3_6._y + 25, tile_2_6._y + 25, tile_2_8._y + 25, tile_8_8._y + 25, tile_8_9._y + 25, tile_10_9._y + 25, tile_10_7._y + 25, tile_11_7._y + 25, tile_11_6._y + 25, tile_12_6._y + 25, tile_12_4._y + 25, tile_11_4._y + 25, tile_11_2._y + 25, tile_10_2._y + 25, tile_10_0._y + 25]; } else if ( choose == 1 ){ min.waypointX = [ tile_4_1._x +25, tile_3_1._x + 25, tile_3_2._x + 25, tile_3_3._x + 25, tile_5_3._x + 25, tile_5_4._x + 25, tile_7_4._x + 25, tile_7_5._x + 25, tile_8_5._x + 25, tile_8_8._x + 25, tile_8_9._x + 25, tile_10_9._x + 25, tile_10_7._x + 25, tile_11_7._x + 25, tile_11_6._x + 25, tile_12_6._x + 25, tile_12_4._x + 25, tile_11_4._x + 25, tile_11_2._x + 25, tile_10_2._x + 25, tile_10_0._x + 25 ]; min.waypointY = [ tile_4_1._y +25, tile_3_1._y + 25, tile_3_2._y + 25, tile_3_3._y + 25, tile_5_3._y + 25, tile_5_4._y + 25, tile_7_4._y + 25, tile_7_5._y + 25, tile_8_5._y + 25, tile_8_8._y + 25, tile_8_9._y + 25, tile_10_9._y + 25, tile_10_7._y + 25, tile_11_7._y + 25, tile_11_6._y + 25, tile_12_6._y + 25, tile_12_4._y + 25, tile_11_4._y + 25, tile_11_2._y + 25, tile_10_2._y + 25, tile_10_0._y + 25 ]; } min.i = 0; counter = 0; spawned += 1; min.onEnterFrame = function(){ dx = this.waypointX[this.i] - this._x; dy = this.waypointY[this.i] - this._y; radians = Math.atan2(dy,dx); degrees = radians * 180 / Math.PI; xspeed = Math.cos(radians); yspeed = Math.sin(radians); this._x += xspeed; this._y += yspeed; if( this._x == this.waypointX[this.i] && this._y == this.waypointY[this.i]){ this.i++; } if ( this._x == tile_10_0._x + 25 && this._y == tile_10_0._y + 25){ this.removeMovieClip(); dead += 1; } } } if ( dead >= amount ){ dead = 0; level += 1; amount = level * 20; spawned = 0; } } btnM.onRelease = function(){ create = true; } } game.onEnterFrame = function(){ } It is possible for me however to complete this task, but only once. I am able to make the turret, drag it over to a tile, and have it attach itself to the tile. No problem. The issue is, I cannot do these multiple times. Please Help.

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  • Basic Connections Through Socket Server

    - by Walrus
    I'm designing a simple 2 player RTS with Stencyl, a program that uses blocks for coding. The current code updates lists whenever an actor moves (new X and Y), and I'd want the server to update the game state with each change to the list. However, to start off: I don't even know how to set up a socket server. Stencyl has taught me the basics of logic, but I've yet to learn any programming languages. I've downloaded a Smartfox 2X socket server that I'm intending to use. Right now I'm only looking to make baby steps; I want to do something to this effect: "When someone connects to the server, open insert file here". How can I do this? My intention is to have this file be the game client. Is this "open file when connected" method the best way to go about this? When answering: assume that I know nothing, because really, though I have done research (I know that UDPTCP for real time), implementation-wise I know nothing.

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  • 3ds Max error dialog: "Instancing not supported for this action"

    - by monsto
    "Instancing not supported for this action” is the dialog I get. My favorite part is that, according to google and yahoo, apparently i am the only person in the history of mankind to experience these words together in this order, let along get this message from Max. Thanks, autodesk, for putting this dialog in special for me! So I’ve created my model (nws) and was setting up a Skin Wrap. Selected "Face Deformation", added the base-skin for weight, checked “weight all points”. . . clicked “convert to skin” and got that dialog. My model doesn’t have a whole lot of elements to it, I had a left and right appendage that came from a base model (skyrim). so, i did a clonecopy of all 3 of my elements, just to be sure nothing was instanced… and VOILA! Same error message. the only other elements are an imported NIF mesh and skeleton. Any idea where this is coming from or how I can make it go away so that I can export my mesh?

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  • How to integrate the .gdf with a specific exe for Games Explorer

    - by Kraemer
    Hello, I want to create an installer for a game and after that an icon to be put in Games Explorer for Win Vista and Win 7. I have created the GDF (game definitions file), then build the script for project and obtained the .h, GDF and .rc files. But i can't compile using Visual Studio 2010 the .rc file into an executable to be used after that to create the installer. Some error is popping up after i set the executable path "Could not load file or assembly'Microsoft.VisualStudio.HpcDebugger.Impl, Version 10.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublickKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified." Any ideas what i'm doing wrong ? I need to mention that i've never worked before with GDF Editor and Visual Studio. Any answer would be highly appreciated.Thanks!

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  • How important do you find exception safety to be in your C++ code?

    - by Kai
    Every time I consider making my code strongly exception safe, I justify not doing it because it would be so time consuming. Consider this relatively simple snippet: Level::Entity* entity = new Level::Entity(); entity->id = GetNextId(); entity->AddComponent(new Component::Position(x, y)); entity->AddComponent(new Component::Movement()); entity->AddComponent(new Component::Render()); allEntities.push_back(entity); // std::vector entityById[entity->id] = entity; // std::map return entity; To implement a basic exception guarantee, I could use a scoped pointer on the new calls. This would prevent memory leaks if any of the calls were to throw an exception. However, let's say I want to implement a strong exception guarantee. At the least, I would need to implement a shared pointer for my containers (I'm not using Boost), a nothrow Entity::Swap for adding the components atomically, and some sort of idiom for atomically adding to both the Vector and Map. Not only would these be time consuming to implement, but they would be expensive since it involves a lot more copying than the exception unsafe solution. Ultimately, it feels to me like that time spent doing all of that wouldn't be justified just so that the a simple CreateEntity function is strongly exception safe. I probably just want the game to display an error and close at that point anyway. How far do you take this in your own game projects? Is it generally acceptable to write exception unsafe code for a program that can just crash when there is an exception?

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  • 3D picking lwjgl

    - by Wirde
    I have written some code to preform 3D picking that for some reason dosn't work entirely correct! (Im using LWJGL just so you know.) I posted this at stackoverflow at first but after researching some more in to my problem i found this neat site and tought that you guys might be more qualified to answer this question. This is how the code looks like: if(Mouse.getEventButton() == 1) { if (!Mouse.getEventButtonState()) { Camera.get().generateViewMatrix(); float screenSpaceX = ((Mouse.getX()/800f/2f)-1.0f)*Camera.get().getAspectRatio(); float screenSpaceY = 1.0f-(2*((600-Mouse.getY())/600f)); float displacementRate = (float)Math.tan(Camera.get().getFovy()/2); screenSpaceX *= displacementRate; screenSpaceY *= displacementRate; Vector4f cameraSpaceNear = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * Camera.get().getNear()), (float) (screenSpaceY * Camera.get().getNear()), (float) (-Camera.get().getNear()), 1); Vector4f cameraSpaceFar = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * Camera.get().getFar()), (float) (screenSpaceY * Camera.get().getFar()), (float) (-Camera.get().getFar()), 1); Matrix4f tmpView = new Matrix4f(); Camera.get().getViewMatrix().transpose(tmpView); Matrix4f invertedViewMatrix = (Matrix4f)tmpView.invert(); Vector4f worldSpaceNear = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invertedViewMatrix, cameraSpaceNear, worldSpaceNear); Vector4f worldSpaceFar = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invertedViewMatrix, cameraSpaceFar, worldSpaceFar); Vector3f rayPosition = new Vector3f(worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceNear.z); Vector3f rayDirection = new Vector3f(worldSpaceFar.x - worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceFar.y - worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceFar.z - worldSpaceNear.z); rayDirection.normalise(); Ray clickRay = new Ray(rayPosition, rayDirection); Vector tMin = new Vector(), tMax = new Vector(), tempPoint; float largestEnteringValue, smallestExitingValue, temp, closestEnteringValue = Camera.get().getFar()+0.1f; Drawable closestDrawableHit = null; for(Drawable d : this.worldModel.getDrawableThings()) { // Calcualte AABB for each object... needs to be moved later... firstVertex = true; for(Surface surface : d.getSurfaces()) { for(Vertex v : surface.getVertices()) { worldPosition.x = (v.x+d.getPosition().x)*d.getScale().x; worldPosition.y = (v.y+d.getPosition().y)*d.getScale().y; worldPosition.z = (v.z+d.getPosition().z)*d.getScale().z; worldPosition = worldPosition.rotate(d.getRotation()); if (firstVertex) { maxX = worldPosition.x; maxY = worldPosition.y; maxZ = worldPosition.z; minX = worldPosition.x; minY = worldPosition.y; minZ = worldPosition.z; firstVertex = false; } else { if (worldPosition.x > maxX) { maxX = worldPosition.x; } if (worldPosition.x < minX) { minX = worldPosition.x; } if (worldPosition.y > maxY) { maxY = worldPosition.y; } if (worldPosition.y < minY) { minY = worldPosition.y; } if (worldPosition.z > maxZ) { maxZ = worldPosition.z; } if (worldPosition.z < minZ) { minZ = worldPosition.z; } } } } // ray/slabs intersection test... // clickRay.getOrigin().x + clickRay.getDirection().x * f = minX // clickRay.getOrigin().x - minX = -clickRay.getDirection().x * f // clickRay.getOrigin().x/-clickRay.getDirection().x - minX/-clickRay.getDirection().x = f // -clickRay.getOrigin().x/clickRay.getDirection().x + minX/clickRay.getDirection().x = f largestEnteringValue = -clickRay.getOrigin().x/clickRay.getDirection().x + minX/clickRay.getDirection().x; temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().y/clickRay.getDirection().y + minY/clickRay.getDirection().y; if(largestEnteringValue < temp) { largestEnteringValue = temp; } temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().z/clickRay.getDirection().z + minZ/clickRay.getDirection().z; if(largestEnteringValue < temp) { largestEnteringValue = temp; } smallestExitingValue = -clickRay.getOrigin().x/clickRay.getDirection().x + maxX/clickRay.getDirection().x; temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().y/clickRay.getDirection().y + maxY/clickRay.getDirection().y; if(smallestExitingValue > temp) { smallestExitingValue = temp; } temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().z/clickRay.getDirection().z + maxZ/clickRay.getDirection().z; if(smallestExitingValue < temp) { smallestExitingValue = temp; } if(largestEnteringValue > smallestExitingValue) { //System.out.println("Miss!"); } else { if (largestEnteringValue < closestEnteringValue) { closestEnteringValue = largestEnteringValue; closestDrawableHit = d; } } } if(closestDrawableHit != null) { System.out.println("Hit at: (" + clickRay.setDistance(closestEnteringValue).x + ", " + clickRay.getCurrentPosition().y + ", " + clickRay.getCurrentPosition().z); this.worldModel.removeDrawableThing(closestDrawableHit); } } } I just don't understand what's wrong, the ray are shooting and i do hit stuff that gets removed but the result of the ray are verry strange it sometimes removes the thing im clicking at, sometimes it removes things thats not even close to what im clicking at, and sometimes it removes nothing at all. Edit: Okay so i have continued searching for errors and by debugging the ray (by painting smal dots where it travles) i can now se that there is something oviously wrong with the ray that im sending out... it has its origin near the world center (nearer or further away depending on where on the screen im clicking) and always shots to the same position no matter where I direct my camera... My initial toughts is that there might be some error in the way i calculate my viewMatrix (since it's not possible to get the viewmatrix from the gluLookAt method in lwjgl; I have to build it my self and I guess thats where the problem is at)... Edit2: This is how i calculate it currently: private double[][] viewMatrixDouble = {{0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,1}}; public Vector getCameraDirectionVector() { Vector actualEye = this.getActualEyePosition(); return new Vector(lookAt.x-actualEye.x, lookAt.y-actualEye.y, lookAt.z-actualEye.z); } public Vector getActualEyePosition() { return eye.rotate(this.getRotation()); } public void generateViewMatrix() { Vector cameraDirectionVector = getCameraDirectionVector().normalize(); Vector side = Vector.cross(cameraDirectionVector, this.upVector).normalize(); Vector up = Vector.cross(side, cameraDirectionVector); viewMatrixDouble[0][0] = side.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][1] = up.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][2] = -cameraDirectionVector.x; viewMatrixDouble[1][0] = side.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][1] = up.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][2] = -cameraDirectionVector.y; viewMatrixDouble[2][0] = side.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][1] = up.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][2] = -cameraDirectionVector.z; /* Vector actualEyePosition = this.getActualEyePosition(); Vector zaxis = new Vector(this.lookAt.x - actualEyePosition.x, this.lookAt.y - actualEyePosition.y, this.lookAt.z - actualEyePosition.z).normalize(); Vector xaxis = Vector.cross(upVector, zaxis).normalize(); Vector yaxis = Vector.cross(zaxis, xaxis); viewMatrixDouble[0][0] = xaxis.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][1] = yaxis.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][2] = zaxis.x; viewMatrixDouble[1][0] = xaxis.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][1] = yaxis.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][2] = zaxis.y; viewMatrixDouble[2][0] = xaxis.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][1] = yaxis.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][2] = zaxis.z; viewMatrixDouble[3][0] = -Vector.dot(xaxis, actualEyePosition); viewMatrixDouble[3][1] =-Vector.dot(yaxis, actualEyePosition); viewMatrixDouble[3][2] = -Vector.dot(zaxis, actualEyePosition); */ viewMatrix = new Matrix4f(); viewMatrix.load(getViewMatrixAsFloatBuffer()); } Would be verry greatfull if anyone could verify if this is wrong or right, and if it's wrong; supply me with the right way of doing it... I have read alot of threads and documentations about this but i can't seam to wrapp my head around it... Edit3: Okay with the help of Byte56 (thanks alot for the help) i have now concluded that it's not the viewMatrix that is the problem... I still get the same messedup result; anyone that think that they can find the error in my code, i certenly can't, have bean working on this for 3 days now :(

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  • How does a segment based rendering engine work?

    - by Calmarius
    As far as I know Descent was one of the first games that featured a fully 3D environment, and it used a segment based rendering engine. Its levels are built from cubic segments (these cubes may be deformed as long as it remains convex and sides remain roughly flat). These cubes are connected by their sides. The connected sides are traversable (maybe doors or grids can be placed on these sides), while the unconnected sides are not traversable walls. So the game is played inside of this complex. Descent was software rendered and it had to be very fast, to be playable on those 10-100MHz processors of that age. Some latter levels of the game are huge and contain thousands of segments, but these levels are still rendered reasonably fast. So I think they tried to minimize the amount of cubes rendered somehow. How to choose which cubes to render for a given location? As far as I know they used a kind of portal rendering, but I couldn't find what was the technique used in this particular kind of engine. I think the fact that the levels are built from convex quadrilateral hexahedrons can be exploited.

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  • How does an Engine like Source process entities?

    - by Júlio Souza
    [background information] On the Source engine (and it's antecessor, goldsrc, quake's) the game objects are divided on two types, world and entities. The world is the map geometry and the entities are players, particles, sounds, scores, etc (for the Source Engine). Every entity has a think function, which do all the logic for that entity. So, if everything that needs to be processed comes from a base class with the think function, the game engine could store everything on a list and, on every frame, loop through it and call that function. On a first look, this idea is reasonable, but it can take too much resources, if the game has a lot of entities.. [end of background information] So, how does a engine like Source take care (process, update, draw, etc) of the game objects?

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  • Multiple Sprites using foreach Collison Detection in XNA (C#)

    - by Bradley Kreuger
    Back again from my last question. Now I was curious I use a foreach statement to use the same shot class. How would I go about doing collison detection. I used the tutorial here on how to shoot a fireball http://www.xnadevelopment.com/tutorials.shtml. I tried to put in several places a foreach to look at all of them to see if they have reached the borders of my sprite hero but doesn't seem to do anything. If again some one might know of a good site that has tutorials to explain collision detection a little bit better that would be appriecated.

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  • XNA Seeing through heightmap problem

    - by Jesse Emond
    I've recently started learning how to program in 3D with XNA and I've been trying to implement a Terrain3D class(a very simple height map). I've managed to draw a simple terrain, but I'm getting a weird bug where I can see through the terrain. This bug happens when I'm looking through a hill from the map. Here is a picture of what happens: I was wondering if this is a common mistake for starters and if any of you ever experienced the same problem and could tell me what I'm doing wrong. If it's not such an obvious problem, here is my Draw method: public override void Draw() { Parent.Engine.SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.None, SpriteSortMode.Immediate, SaveStateMode.SaveState); Camera3D cam = (Camera3D)Parent.Engine.Services.GetService(typeof(Camera3D)); if (cam == null) throw new Exception("Camera3D couldn't be found. Drawing a 3D terrain requires a 3D camera."); float triangleCount = indices.Length / 3f; basicEffect.Begin(); basicEffect.World = worldMatrix; basicEffect.View = cam.ViewMatrix; basicEffect.Projection = cam.ProjectionMatrix; basicEffect.VertexColorEnabled = true; Parent.Engine.GraphicsDevice.VertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration( Parent.Engine.GraphicsDevice, VertexPositionColor.VertexElements); foreach (EffectPass pass in basicEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Begin(); Parent.Engine.GraphicsDevice.Vertices[0].SetSource(vertexBuffer, 0, VertexPositionColor.SizeInBytes); Parent.Engine.GraphicsDevice.Indices = indexBuffer; Parent.Engine.GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, vertices.Length, 0, (int)triangleCount); pass.End(); } basicEffect.End(); Parent.Engine.SpriteBatch.End(); } Parent is just a property holding the screen that the component belongs to. Engine is a property of that parent screen holding the engine that it belongs to. If I should post more code(like the initialization code), then just leave a comment and I will.

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  • Can't load vector font in Nuclex Framework

    - by ProgrammerAtWork
    I've been trying to get this to work for the last 2 hours and I'm not getting what I'm doing wrong... I've added Nuclex.TrueTypeImporter to my references in my content and I've added Nuclex.Fonts & Nuclex.Graphics in my main project. I've put Arial-24-Vector.spritefont & Lindsey.spritefont in the root of my content directory. _spriteFont = Content.Load<SpriteFont>("Lindsey"); // works _testFont = Content.Load<VectorFont>("Arial-24-Vector"); // crashes I get this error on the _testFont line: File contains Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.SpriteFont but trying to load as Nuclex.Fonts.VectorFont. So I've searched around and by the looks of it it has something to do with the content importer & the content processor. For the content importer I have no new choices, so I leave it as it is, Sprite Font Description - XNA Framework for content processor and I select Vector Font - Nuclex Framework And then I try to run it. _testFont = Content.Load<VectorFont>("Arial-24-Vector"); // crashes again I get the following error Error loading "Arial-24-Vector". It does work if I load a sprite, so it's not a pathing problem. I've checked the samples, they do work, but I think they also use a different version of the XNA framework because in my version the "Content" class starts with a capital letter. I'm at a loss, so I ask here. Edit: Something super weird is going on. I've just added the following two lines to a method inside FreeTypeFontProcessor::FreeTypeFontProcessor( Microsoft::Xna::Framework::Content::Pipeline::Graphics::FontDescription ^fontDescription, FontHinter hinter, just to check if code would even get there: System::Console::WriteLine("I AM HEEREEE"); System::Console::ReadLine(); So, I compile it, put it in my project, I run it and... it works! What the hell?? This is weird because I've downloaded the binaries, they didn't work, I've compiled the binaries myself. didn't work either, but now I make a small change to the code and it works? _. So, now I remove the two lines, compile it again and it works again. Someone care to elaborate what is going on? Probably some weird caching problem!

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  • Is there a way to display navmesh agent path in Unity?

    - by Antoine Guillien
    I'm currently making a prototype for a game I plan to develop. As far as I did, I managed to set up the navigation mesh and my navmeshagents. I would like to display the path they are following when setDestination() is fired. I did some researches but didn't find anything about it. EDIT 1 : So I instantiate an empty object with a LineRenderer and I have a line bewteen my agent and the destination. Still I've not all the points when the path has to avoid an obstacle. Furthermore, I wonder if the agent.path does reflect the real path that the agent take as I noticed that it actually follow a "smoothier" path. Here is the code so far : GameObject container = new GameObject(); container.transform.parent = agent.gameObject.transform; LineRenderer ligne = container.AddComponent<LineRenderer>(); ligne.SetColors(Color.white,Color.white); ligne.SetWidth(0.1f,0.1f); //Get def material ligne.gameObject.renderer.material.color = Color.white; ligne.gameObject.renderer.material.shader = Shader.Find("Sprites/Default"); ligne.gameObject.AddComponent<LineScript>(); ligne.SetVertexCount(agent.path.corners.Length+1); int i = 0; foreach(Vector3 v in p.corners) { ligne.SetPosition(i,v); //Debug.Log("position agent"+g.transform.position); //Debug.Log("position corner = "+v); i++; } ligne.SetPosition(p.corners.Length,agent.destination); ligne.gameObject.tag = "ligne"; So How can I get the real coordinates my agent is going to walk throught ?

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  • Drawing multiple triangles at once isn't working

    - by Deukalion
    I'm trying to draw multiple triangles at once to make up a "shape". I have a class that has an array of VertexPositionColor, an array of Indexes (rendered by this Triangulation class): http://www.xnawiki.com/index.php/Polygon_Triangulation So, my "shape" has multiple points of VertexPositionColor but I can't render each triangle in the shape to "fill" the shape. It only draws the first triangle. struct ShapeColor { // Properties (not all properties) VertexPositionColor[] Points; int[] Indexes; } First method that I've tried, this should work since I iterate through the index array that always are of "3s", so they always contain at least one triangle. //render = ShapeColor for (int i = 0; i < render.Indexes.Length; i += 3) { device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives<VertexPositionColor> ( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, new VertexPositionColor[] { render.Points[render.Indexes[i]], render.Points[render.Indexes[i+1]], render.Points[render.Indexes[i+2]] }, 0, 3, new int[] { 0, 1, 2 }, 0, 1 ); } or the method that should work: device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives<VertexPositionColor> ( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, render.Points, 0, render.Points.Length, render.Indexes, 0, render.Indexes.Length / 3, VertexPositionColor.VertexDeclaration ); No matter what method I use this is the "typical" result from my Editor (in Windows Forms with XNA) It should show a filled shape, because the indexes are right (I've checked a dozen of times) I simply click the screen (gets the world coordinates, adds a point from a color, when there are 3 points or more it should start filling out the shape, it only draws the lines (different method) and only 1 triangle). The Grid isn't rendered with "this" shape. Any ideas?

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  • Unity3d: calculate the result of a transform without modifying transform object itself

    - by Heisenbug
    I'm in the following situation: I need to move an object in some way, basically rotating it around its parent local position, or translating it in its parent local space (I know how to do this). The amount of rotation and translation is know at runtime (it depends on several factors, the speed of the object, enviroment factors, etc..). The problem is the following: I can perform this transformation only if the result position of the transformed object fit some criterias. An example could be this: the distance between the position before and after the transformation must be less than a given threshold. (Actually the conditions could be several and more complex) The problem is that if I use Transform.Rotate and Transform.Translate methods of my GameObject, I will loose the original Transform values. I think I can't copy the original Transform using instantiate for performance issues. How can I perform such a task? I think I have more or less 2 possibilities: First Don't modify the GameObject position through Transform. Calculate which will be the position after the transform. If the position is legal, modify transform through Translate and Rotate methods Second Store the original transform someway. Transform the object using Translate and Rotate. If the transformed position is illegal, restore the original one.

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