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• Using a Vertex Buffer and DrawUserIndexedPrimitives?

  - by MattMcg

  Let's say I have a large but static world and only a single moving object on said world. To increase performance I wish to use a vertex and index buffer for the static part of the world. I set them up and they work fine however if I throw in another draw call to DrawUserIndexedPrimitives (to draw my one single moving object) after the call to DrawIndexedPrimitives, it will error out saying a valid vertex buffer must be set. I can only assume the DrawUserIndexedPrimitive call destroyed/replaced the vertex buffer I set. In order to get around this I must call device.SetVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer) every frame. Something tells me that isn't correct as that kind of defeats the point of a buffer? To shed some light, the large vertex buffer is the final merged mesh of many repeated cubes (think Minecraft) which I manually create to reduce the amount of vertices/indexes needed (for example two connected cubes become one cuboid, the connecting faces are cut out), and also the amount of matrix translations (as it would suck to do one per cube). The moving objects would be other items in the world which are dynamic and not fixed to the block grid, so things like the NPCs who move constantly. How do I go about handling the large static world but also allowing objects to freely move about?

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• Virtual Pageview Goal Funnel Not Tracking Correctly

  - by cphill

  I have an AJAX form that has three stages: 1. The landing page where a user fills out a form and selects between three question sets and clicks begin assessment 2. The assessment page, where users fill out questions relating to the question set that they selected on the landing page. 3.The results page, which shows whether they are at High Risk or Low Risk. Since this is an AJAX form that does not open a new page for each step of the process, I implemented a virtual pageview that would fire on the pageload of each step of the form process. The following is my virtual pageview setup for each stage: /form/begin-assessment /form/assessment/* (* = Three different virtual pageviews depending on the users selection of the three sets of questions: /one, /two, /three) 3./form/finished-assessment I have set up three separate goals to track user progress through each step of the form assessment. Here is my Goal setup: Goal Description: -Goal Type: Destination Goal Details: -Destination: /form/finished-assessment -Funnel: On Step 1: /form/begin-assessment (Required: Yes) Step 2: /form/assessment/one (Step 2: replace /one with /two or /three and you have my two other goals setup) Now my goals are recording the correct data in the first step and show the completions in the destination, but the second step does not show any drop offs. They show the same data as the destination. Any ideas of how I set up the goals wrong?

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• Convert Java program to C

  - by imicrothinking

  I need a bit of guidance with writing a C program...a bit of quick background as to my level, I've programmed in Java previously, but this is my first time programming in C, and we've been tasked to translate a word count program from Java to C that consists of the following: Read a file from memory Count the words in the file For each occurrence of a unique word, keep a word counter variable Print out the top ten most frequent words and their corresponding occurrences Here's the source program in Java: package lab0; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileReader; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Calendar; import java.util.Collections; public class WordCount { private ArrayList<WordCountNode> outputlist = null; public WordCount(){ this.outputlist = new ArrayList<WordCountNode>(); } /** * Read the file into memory. * * @param filename name of the file. * @return content of the file. * @throws Exception if the file is too large or other file related exception. */ public char[] readFile(String filename) throws Exception{ char [] result = null; File file = new File(filename); long size = file.length(); if (size > Integer.MAX_VALUE){ throw new Exception("File is too large"); } result = new char[(int)size]; FileReader reader = new FileReader(file); int len, offset = 0, size2read = (int)size; while(size2read > 0){ len = reader.read(result, offset, size2read); if(len == -1) break; size2read -= len; offset += len; } return result; } /** * Make article word by word. * * @param article the content of file to be counted. * @return string contains only letters and "'". */ private enum SPLIT_STATE {IN_WORD, NOT_IN_WORD}; /** * Go through article, find all the words and add to output list * with their count. * * @param article the content of the file to be counted. * @return words in the file and their counts. */ public ArrayList<WordCountNode> countWords(char[] article){ SPLIT_STATE state = SPLIT_STATE.NOT_IN_WORD; if(null == article) return null; char curr_ltr; int curr_start = 0; for(int i = 0; i < article.length; i++){ curr_ltr = Character.toUpperCase( article[i]); if(state == SPLIT_STATE.IN_WORD){ article[i] = curr_ltr; if ((curr_ltr < 'A' || curr_ltr > 'Z') && curr_ltr != '\'') { article[i] = ' '; //printf("\nthe word is %s\n\n",curr_start); if(i - curr_start < 0){ System.out.println("i = " + i + " curr_start = " + curr_start); } addWord(new String(article, curr_start, i-curr_start)); state = SPLIT_STATE.NOT_IN_WORD; } }else{ if (curr_ltr >= 'A' && curr_ltr <= 'Z') { curr_start = i; article[i] = curr_ltr; state = SPLIT_STATE.IN_WORD; } } } return outputlist; } /** * Add the word to output list. */ public void addWord(String word){ int pos = dobsearch(word); if(pos >= outputlist.size()){ outputlist.add(new WordCountNode(1L, word)); }else{ WordCountNode tmp = outputlist.get(pos); if(tmp.getWord().compareTo(word) == 0){ tmp.setCount(tmp.getCount() + 1); }else{ outputlist.add(pos, new WordCountNode(1L, word)); } } } /** * Search the output list and return the position to put word. * @param word is the word to be put into output list. * @return position in the output list to insert the word. */ public int dobsearch(String word){ int cmp, high = outputlist.size(), low = -1, next; // Binary search the array to find the key while (high - low > 1) { next = (high + low) / 2; // all in upper case cmp = word.compareTo((outputlist.get(next)).getWord()); if (cmp == 0) return next; else if (cmp < 0) high = next; else low = next; } return high; } public static void main(String args[]){ // handle input if (args.length == 0){ System.out.println("USAGE: WordCount <filename> [Top # of results to display]\n"); System.exit(1); } String filename = args[0]; int dispnum; try{ dispnum = Integer.parseInt(args[1]); }catch(Exception e){ dispnum = 10; } long start_time = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis(); WordCount wordcount = new WordCount(); System.out.println("Wordcount: Running..."); // read file char[] input = null; try { input = wordcount.readFile(filename); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); System.exit(1); } // count all word ArrayList<WordCountNode> result = wordcount.countWords(input); long end_time = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis(); System.out.println("wordcount: completed " + (end_time - start_time)/1000000 + "." + (end_time - start_time)%1000000 + "(s)"); System.out.println("wordsort: running ..."); start_time = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis(); Collections.sort(result); end_time = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis(); System.out.println("wordsort: completed " + (end_time - start_time)/1000000 + "." + (end_time - start_time)%1000000 + "(s)"); Collections.reverse(result); System.out.println("\nresults (TOP "+ dispnum +" from "+ result.size() +"):\n" ); // print out result String str ; for (int i = 0; i < result.size() && i < dispnum; i++){ if(result.get(i).getWord().length() > 15) str = result.get(i).getWord().substring(0, 14); else str = result.get(i).getWord(); System.out.println(str + " - " + result.get(i).getCount()); } } public class WordCountNode implements Comparable{ private String word; private long count; public WordCountNode(long count, String word){ this.count = count; this.word = word; } public String getWord() { return word; } public void setWord(String word) { this.word = word; } public long getCount() { return count; } public void setCount(long count) { this.count = count; } public int compareTo(Object arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub WordCountNode obj = (WordCountNode)arg0; if( count - obj.getCount() < 0) return -1; else if( count - obj.getCount() == 0) return 0; else return 1; } } } Here's my attempt (so far) in C: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <string.h> // Read in a file FILE *readFile (char filename[]) { FILE *inputFile; inputFile = fopen (filename, "r"); if (inputFile == NULL) { printf ("File could not be opened.\n"); exit (EXIT_FAILURE); } return inputFile; } // Return number of words in an array int wordCount (FILE *filePointer, char filename[]) {//, char *words[]) { // count words int count = 0; char temp; while ((temp = getc(filePointer)) != EOF) { //printf ("%c", temp); if ((temp == ' ' || temp == '\n') && (temp != '\'')) count++; } count += 1; // counting method uses space AFTER last character in word - the last space // of the last character isn't counted - off by one error // close file fclose (filePointer); return count; } // Print out the frequencies of the 10 most frequent words in the console int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { /* Step 1: Read in file and check for errors */ FILE *filePointer; filePointer = readFile (argv[1]); /* Step 2: Do a word count to prep for array size */ int count = wordCount (filePointer, argv[1]); printf ("Number of words is: %i\n", count); /* Step 3: Create a 2D array to store words in the file */ // open file to reset marker to beginning of file filePointer = fopen (argv[1], "r"); // store words in character array (each element in array = consecutive word) char allWords[count][100]; // 100 is an arbitrary size - max length of word int i,j; char temp; for (i = 0; i < count; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 100; j++) { // labels are used with goto statements, not loops in C temp = getc(filePointer); if ((temp == ' ' || temp == '\n' || temp == EOF) && (temp != '\'') ) { allWords[i][j] = '\0'; break; } else { allWords[i][j] = temp; } printf ("%c", allWords[i][j]); } printf ("\n"); } // close file fclose (filePointer); /* Step 4: Use a simple selection sort algorithm to sort 2D char array */ // PStep 1: Compare two char arrays, and if // (a) c1 > c2, return 2 // (b) c1 == c2, return 1 // (c) c1 < c2, return 0 qsort(allWords, count, sizeof(char[][]), pstrcmp); /* int k = 0, l = 0, m = 0; char currentMax, comparedElement; int max; // the largest element in the current 2D array int elementToSort = 0; // elementToSort determines the element to swap with starting from the left // Outer a iterates through number of swaps needed for (k = 0; k < count - 1; k++) { // times of swaps max = k; // max element set to k // Inner b iterates through successive elements to fish out the largest element for (m = k + 1; m < count - k; m++) { currentMax = allWords[k][l]; comparedElement = allWords[m][l]; // Inner c iterates through successive chars to set the max vars to the largest for (l = 0; (currentMax != '\0' || comparedElement != '\0'); l++) { if (currentMax > comparedElement) break; else if (currentMax < comparedElement) { max = m; currentMax = allWords[m][l]; break; } else if (currentMax == comparedElement) continue; } } // After max (count and string) is determined, perform swap with temp variable char swapTemp[1][20]; int y = 0; do { swapTemp[0][y] = allWords[elementToSort][y]; allWords[elementToSort][y] = allWords[max][y]; allWords[max][y] = swapTemp[0][y]; } while (swapTemp[0][y++] != '\0'); elementToSort++; } */ int a, b; for (a = 0; a < count; a++) { for (b = 0; (temp = allWords[a][b]) != '\0'; b++) { printf ("%c", temp); } printf ("\n"); } // Copy rows to different array and print results /* char arrayCopy [count][20]; int ac, ad; char tempa; for (ac = 0; ac < count; ac++) { for (ad = 0; (tempa = allWords[ac][ad]) != '\0'; ad++) { arrayCopy[ac][ad] = tempa; printf("%c", arrayCopy[ac][ad]); } printf("\n"); } */ /* Step 5: Create two additional arrays: (a) One in which each element contains unique words from char array (b) One which holds the count for the corresponding word in the other array */ /* Step 6: Sort the count array in decreasing order, and print the corresponding array element as well as word count in the console */ return 0; } // Perform housekeeping tasks like freeing up memory and closing file I'm really stuck on the selection sort algorithm. I'm currently using 2D arrays to represent strings, and that worked out fine, but when it came to sorting, using three level nested loops didn't seem to work, I tried to use qsort instead, but I don't fully understand that function as well. Constructive feedback and criticism greatly welcome (...and needed)!

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• How can I programmatically change the keyboard layout?

  - by Jason R. Coombs

  I want to run a shell command or script that will configure each of my Ubuntu Precise boxes to use the Dvorak keyboard layout as the default (and only) layout. With earlier versions, I was able to set the XKBVARIANT in /etc/default/keyboard but when I make this change in Precise (and reboot), the keyboard layout appears to be unaffected (both in console and in gnome). I tried also setting the XKBMODEL to pc105 and XKBLAYOUT to us, but that did not seem to help. I know I can set the layout for gnome using the 'keyboard layout' tool... but I want the change to affect the console, and I want to automate the process. How can I accomplish this? Edit: To clarify, I want to know how I can cause to change (using only a script or command-line) the keyboard layout to be Dvorak as the default and only keyboard layout for both Gnome and the console. I want this change to be persistent (survive reboots), just as it is when the change is made through the Keyboard Layout tool. Edit: Let me put it another way. If I had installed the operating system myself (which I did not because the OS was installed by the virtual machine infrastructure), I could have selected the desired keyboard layout at install time, and that layout would be applied persistently, system-wide. How can I change the layout to appear as if I had set it during the install process?

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• CMake: Mac OS X: ld: unknown option: -soname

  - by Alex Ivasyuv

  I try to build my app with CMake on Mac OS X, I get the following error: Linking CXX shared library libsml.so ld: unknown option: -soname collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make[2]: *** [libsml.so] Error 1 make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/sml.dir/all] Error 2 make: *** [all] Error 2 This is strange, as Mac has .dylib extension instead of .so. There's my CMakeLists.txt: cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6) PROJECT (SilentMedia) SET(SourcePath src/libsml) IF (DEFINED OSS) SET(OSS_src ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/OSS/DSP/DSP.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/OSS/Mixer/Mixer.cpp ) ENDIF(DEFINED OSS) IF (DEFINED ALSA) SET(ALSA_src ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/ALSA/DSP/DSP.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/ALSA/Mixer/Mixer.cpp ) ENDIF(DEFINED ALSA) SET(SilentMedia_src ${SourcePath}/Utils/Base64/Base64.cpp ${SourcePath}/Utils/String/String.cpp ${SourcePath}/Utils/Random/Random.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Container/FileLoader.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Container/OGG/OGG.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/PlayList/XSPF/XSPF.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/PlayList/XSPF/libXSPF.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/PlayList/PlayList.cpp ${OSS_src} ${ALSA_src} ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Audio.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/AudioInfo.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/AudioProxy.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/SoundSystem.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/libao/AO.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Codec/WAV/WAV.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Codec/Vorbis/Vorbis.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Codec/WavPack/WavPack.cpp ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Codec/FLAC/FLAC.cpp ) SET(SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY sml vorbisfile FLAC++ wavpack ao #asound boost_thread-mt boost_filesystem-mt xspf gtest ) INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( /usr/include /usr/local/include /usr/include/c++/4.4 /Users/alex/Downloads/boost_1_45_0 ${SilentMedia_SOURCE_DIR}/src ${SilentMedia_SOURCE_DIR}/${SourcePath} ) #link_directories( # /usr/lib # /usr/local/lib # /Users/alex/Downloads/boost_1_45_0/stage/lib #) IF(LibraryType STREQUAL "static") ADD_LIBRARY(sml-static STATIC ${SilentMedia_src}) # rename library from libsml-static.a => libsml.a SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml-static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "sml") SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml-static PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1) ELSEIF(LibraryType STREQUAL "shared") ADD_LIBRARY(sml SHARED ${SilentMedia_src}) # change compile optimization/debug flags # -Werror -pedantic IF(BuildType STREQUAL "Debug") SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS "-pipe -Wall -W -ggdb") ELSEIF(BuildType STREQUAL "Release") SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS "-pipe -Wall -W -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer") ENDIF() SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1) ENDIF() ### TEST ### IF(Test STREQUAL "true") ADD_EXECUTABLE (bin/TestXSPF ${SourcePath}/Test/Media/PlayLists/XSPF/TestXSPF.cpp) TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES (bin/TestXSPF ${SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY}) ADD_EXECUTABLE (bin/test1 ${SourcePath}/Test/test.cpp) TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES (bin/test1 ${SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY}) ADD_EXECUTABLE (bin/TestFileLoader ${SourcePath}/Test/Media/Container/FileLoader/TestFileLoader.cpp) TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES (bin/TestFileLoader ${SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY}) ADD_EXECUTABLE (bin/testMixer ${SourcePath}/Test/testMixer.cpp) TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES (bin/testMixer ${SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY}) ENDIF (Test STREQUAL "true") ### TEST ### ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(doc COMMAND doxygen ${SilentMedia_SOURCE_DIR}/doc/Doxyfile) There was no error on Linux. Build process: cmake -D BuildType=Debug -D LibraryType=shared . make I found, that incorrect command generate in CMakeFiles/sml.dir/link.txt. But why, as the goal of CMake is cross-platforming.. How to fix it?

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• Is a 302 redirect to a random URL from the homepage an SEO problem?

  - by CookieMonster

  I originally posted this on Stackoverflow, but I believe here is a better place to ask. My web application is very similar to notepad.cc which redirects to a randomly generated URL upon access, e.g. http://myapp.com/roTr94h4Gd. (Please note that notepad.cc is not my site.) Probably because of this redirect feature, when I do "fetch as Google" or "fetch as Bingbot", I get a 302 and no html content. Not even a <html></html> tag. HTTP/1.1 302 Moved Temporarily Server: nginx/1.4.1 Date: Tue, 01 Oct 2013 04:37:37 GMT Content-Type: text/html Transfer-Encoding: chunked Connection: keep-alive X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.17-1~dotdeb.1 Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=vp99q5e5t5810e3bnnnvi6sfo2; expires=Thu, 03-Oct-2013 04:37:37 GMT; path=/ Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0 Pragma: no-cache Location: /roTr94h4Gd How should I avoid 302 in this case? I suppose I could modify my site to prevent the redirect, but it is a necessary feature of my web app to generate a random URL on each access. I added <meta name="fragment" content="!"> tag into my index page and set it to return a static snapshot of my page when the flag is set. But this still returns a 302. I also added a header to return 200 before redirecting, but this had no effect, either. Could someone tell me a good suggestion to solve this problem?

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• Adjusting the rate of movement of different objects on the same timer

  - by theUg

  I have a series of objects moving along the straight lines. I want to implement slight changes of velocity of each of the object. Constraint is existing model of animation. I am new to this, and not sure if it is the best way to accommodate varying speeds, but what do I know? It is a Java application that repaints the panel every time the timer expires. Timer is set via swing.Timer object that is set by timer delay constant. Every time the game is stepped objects’ coordinates advanced by an increment constant. Most of the objects are of the same class. Is there fairly easy way to refactor existing system to allow changing velocity for an individual object? Is there some obvious common solution I am not aware about? Idea I am having right now is to set timer delay fairly small, and only move objects every so many cycles of animation so that the apparent speed can be adjusted by varying how often they get moved. But that seems fairly involved, and I do not think it is the most elegant solution in terms of performance what with repainting the whole frame every 3-5 milliseconds. Can it be done by advancing the objects so many (varying) times during the certain interval (let’s say 35ms for something like 28fps), and use repaint() method to redraw just individual object? Do I need to mess with pausing animation for smoothness at higher redraw rates? Is it common practise to check for collision at larger step interval, but draw animation a lot more frequently?

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• Passing an objects rotation down through its children

  - by MintyAnt

  In my topdown 2d game you have a player with a sword, like an old Zelda game. The sword is a seperate entity, and its collision box "rotates" around the player like an orbit, but always follows the player wherever he goes. The player and sword both have a vector2 heading. The sword is a weapon object that is attached to the character. In order to allow swinging in a direction, I have the following property inside sword (RotateCopy returns a copy of the mHeading after rotation) public Vector2 Heading { get { return mHeading.RotateCopy(mOwner.Rotation); } } This seems a bit messy to me, and slower than it could be. Is there a better way to "translate" the base/owner component rotations through to whatever component I am using, like this sword? Would using a rotation MATRIX be better? (Curretnly rotates by sin/cos) If so, how can I "add" up the matrices? Thank you.

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• Problem with a* implementation in pygame

  - by piyush3dxyz

  Yesterday i decide to make RTS game in pygame(pygame is best).I figured out many components of RTS game like unit selecting,health,resources but only 1 thing i still not understand.. which is a* pathfinding in pygame... I also done little bit of research on wiki,articles and papers...but still cant figure out problem.... function A*(start,goal) closedset := the empty set // The set of nodes already evaluated. openset := {start} // The set of tentative nodes to be evaluated, initially containing the start node came_from := the empty map // The map of navigated nodes. g_score[start] := 0 // Cost from start along best known path. // Estimated total cost from start to goal through y. f_score[start] := g_score[start] + heuristic_cost_estimate(start, goal) while openset is not empty current := the node in openset having the lowest f_score[] value if current = goal return reconstruct_path(came_from, goal) remove current from openset add current to closedset for each neighbor in neighbor_nodes(current) if neighbor in closedset continue tentative_g_score := g_score[current] + dist_between(current,neighbor) if neighbor not in openset or tentative_g_score <= g_score[neighbor] came_from[neighbor] := current g_score[neighbor] := tentative_g_score f_score[neighbor] := g_score[neighbor] + heuristic_cost_estimate(neighbor, goal) if neighbor not in openset add neighbor to openset return failure here is the pseudocode for wiki a* implementation......

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• How to prepare a game for localization?

  - by kevin42

  Many projects don't think about localization until the game is done. Then localization is done as a hack, and it's obvious that it was added on later. Some specific areas of concern: Text strings (obviously) Audio clips such as music and/or narratives Text rendered on textures (e.g. a label on a crate) Text rendered in frames in pre-rendered movies Fonts/Character sets for different languages Etc. What are some good ways to prepare for these challenges in the initial development stages, so you can make it easier without incurring too much cost up front?

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• Is MUMPS alive?

  - by ern0

  At my first workplace we were using Digital Standard MUMPS on a PDP 11-clone (TPA 440), then we've switched to Micronetics Standard MUMPS running on a Hewlett-Packard machine, HP-UX 9, around early 90's. Is still MUMPS alive? Are there anyone using it? If yes, please write some words about it: are you using it in character mode, does it acts as web server? etc. (I mean Caché, too.) If you've been used it, what was your feelings about it? Did you liked it?

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• What are the files in /dev/input/ and what they do?

  - by Pouya

  I'm fairly new to ubuntu and I've started to search around everywhere and check everything! Recently I saw these files at /dev/input/eventX, js0, mice, mouseX. By printing the output using "cat" I realized they are somehow responsible for mouse and keyboard input but the output had an strange character encoding (even for the keyboard). My questions are, what are these files and how can I interpret the data of these files? Are there any other places that I can access the input/output of my Ubuntu machine? And are there any ebooks, manual or something similar that I can check the duty and structure of ubuntu system files? (i.e. to find the answer of such question)

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• Multiple objects listening for the same key press

  - by xiaohouzi79

  I want to learn the best way to implement this: I have a hero and an enemy on the screen. Say the hero presses "k" to get out a knife, I want the enemy to react in a certain way. Now, if in my game loop I have a listener for the key press event and I identify a "k" was pressed, the quick and easy way would be to do: // If K pressed // hero.getOoutKnife() // enemy.getAngry() But what is commonly done in more complex games, where say I have 10 types of character on screen and they all need to react in a unique way when the letter "k" is pressed? I can think of a bunch of hacky ways to do this, but would love to know how it should be done properly. I am using C++, but I'm not looking for a code implementation, just some ideas on how it should be done the right way.

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• How much to pay for artwork in an indie game?

  - by f20k

  I am an indie developer and I need some detailed artwork. How much is reasonable to pay an artist for say 20 character designs? I know it depends on the artist's skills, etc, but I am wondering what to expect so that I can budget it. Edit: Let's say cartoon-ish art (Example - not necessarily in that level of detail but that kind of cartoony-art style). No 3-d modelling - The art will be used as still images in game and for promotional reasons. I'd provide a base sprite design for them to expand on and detail. Also, some numbers would be nice - I like numbers. Even a range is helpful. Like: expect to spend $x2 ~ $x1 for top-notch and $y2 ~ $y1 for decent quality. I understand I can ask at some indie-help site but, if an artist says something like $1000 for 20 designs, I wouldn't have any idea if it's reasonable / good deal / bad idea etc.

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• Handling player/background movements in 2D games

  - by lukeluke

  Suppose you have your animated character controlled by the player and a 2D world (like the old 2D side-scrolling games). When the user press right on the keyboard, the background is moved to the right. If the path is always horizontal, this is simple to do (incrementation/decrementation of the x-coordinate). But suppose that the path is instead a polygonal chain. My questions are: How do you move the background? How do you move the background if the game objects are managed with a physics engine like box2D?

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• Generic rule parser for RPG board game rules - how to do it?

  - by burzum

  I want to build a generic rule parser for pen and paper style RPG systems. A rule can involve usually 1 to N entities 1 to N roles of a dice and calculating values based on multiple attributes of an entity. For example: Player has STR 18, his currently equipped weapon gives him a bonus of +1 STR but a malus of DEX -1. He attacks a monster entity and the game logic now is required to run a set of rules or actions: Player rolls the dice, if he gets for example 8 or more (base attack value he needs to pass is one of his base attributes!) his attack is successfully. The monster then rolls the dice to calculate if the attack goes through it's armor. If yes the damage is taken if not the attack was blocked. Besides simple math rules can also have constraints like applying only to a certain class of user (warrior vs wizzard for example) or any other attribute. So this is not just limited to mathematical operations. If you're familiar with RPG systems like Dungeon and Dragons you'll know what I'm up to. My issue is now that I have no clue how to exactly build this the best possible way. I want people to be able to set up any kind of rule and later simply do an action like selecting a player and a monster and run an action (set of rules like an attack). I'm asking less for help with the database side of things but more about how to come up with a structure and a parser for it to keep my rules flexible. The language of choice for this is php by the way.

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• Displaying a Grid of Data in ASP.NET MVC

  One of the most common tasks we face as a web developers is displaying data in a grid. In its simplest incarnation, a grid merely displays information about a set of records - the orders placed by a particular customer, perhaps; however, most grids offer features like sorting, paging, and filtering to present the data in a more useful and readable manner. In ASP.NET WebForms the GridView control offers a quick and easy way to display a set of records in a grid, and offers features like sorting, paging, editing, and deleting with just a little extra work. On page load, the GridView automatically renders as an HTML <table> element, freeing you from having to write any markup and letting you focus instead on retrieving and binding the data to display to the GridView. In an ASP.NET MVC application, however, developers are on the hook for generating the markup rendered by each view. This task can be a bit daunting for developers new to ASP.NET MVC, especially those who have a background in WebForms. This is the first in a series of articles that explore how to display grids in an ASP.NET MVC application. This installment starts with a walk through of creating the ASP.NET MVC application and data access code used throughout this series. Next, it shows how to display a set of records in a simple grid. Future installments examine how to create richer grids that include sorting, paging, filtering, and client-side enhancements. We'll also look at pre-built grid solutions, like the Grid component in the MvcContrib project and JavaScript-based grids like jqGrid. But first things first - let's create an ASP.NET MVC application and see how to display database records in a web page. Read on to learn more! Read More >

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• SQL language drawbacks, The Third Manifesto

  - by David Portabella

  Sometime ago I read about SQL language drawbacks (the basic language specification, not vendor specific), and one of the drawbacks was that the language does not allow to create a set of tuples that don't come from a table. For instance, SELECT firstName, lastName from people; this creates a set of tuples coming from the table people. Now, if I don't have this table people, and I want to return a constant, I'd need something like this to return a set of two tuples (this would not require to have a table): SELECT VALUES('james', 'dean'), ('tom', 'cruisse'); Why I would need that? Because of the same reasons that we can define constants (not only basic types, but objects and arrays also) in any advanced programming language. Workarounds, Yes, I could create a temporal table, fill the data, and SELECT from that table. This is a hack, to overcome the drawbacks of the poor SQL language. I think that I read about this somewhere in "The Third Manifesto", but I don't find the paragraph/example talking about this concrete drawback anymore. Do you know a reference about it?

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• Logitech K260 keyboard responds very, very slow

  - by Pierre

  I bought a Logitech K260 wireless keyboard/mouse combination and connected it to my Ubuntu 12.04 workstation. The mouse seems to work fine for now, it is quick and is working quite smoothly. The keyboard however is very, very slow. It takes about two to three seconds for a character to appear after being typed. What might be the problem? I have found even a review of someone who states that he's gaming with this keyboard, which I am not planning to do, for me it will serve as a writing keyboard only as soon as it works properly. Who might be able to help?

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• Box2D platformer movement. Are joints a good idea?

  - by Romeo

  So i smashed my brains trying to make my character move. As i wanted later in the game to add explosions and bullets it wasn't a good idea to mess with the velocity and the forces/impulses didn't work as i expected so something stuck in my mind: Is it a good idea to put at his bottom a wheel(circle) which is invisible to the player that will do the movement by rotation? I will attach this to my main body with a revolute joint but i don't really know how to make the main body and wheel body to don't collide one with each other since funny things can happen. What is your oppinion?

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• Best practice for SEO "special characters" in products pages

  - by rhodesit

  Whats a best practice for creating websites do to the fact that i need to enter "ö" within the content/title/meta. Should I spell it without, and just use a "normal" character or do i put in this code everywhere. or do i spell it half the time with and half the time without. whats the best practice for seo? Google takes into account user intent. Which makes things complicated(in my mind). The user will be searching without the "special characters" but because of the whole "user intent" thing, I don't know the best practice for this situation is. Should I use a mix of both spellings? Should I use the special characters in anchortext/headers/title/metadescription?

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• apache2 server returns (400) syntax error

  - by Thomas E

  There are 900 paths in the googles index to our homepage containing illegal characters. Example: http://www.seriesam.com/filmaffisch/TC%4NK Note the character "%4N". I have no idea where they come from, but would like to update google index with a correct URL using "canonical" in the html code. But the problem is our apache2 server immediately sends a 400 error if you click the link above. How can I configure apache2 not to give an error code, but instead treat the link above as "correct"? Maybe replacing the char %4N with nothing.

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• custom domain point to tumblr blog

  - by Julius

  My domain mydomain.com is registered with godaddy. I wish to host my tumblr blog on this domain with nearlyfreespeech.net hosting. My active nameservers at godaddy already point to my authoritative ones at NFS.net which is working. However i'm baffled of the correct configuration to set to point to my Tumblr. Preferably id like (A) my domain http://mydomain.com to host the blog and have http://www.mydomain.com redirect also to http://mydomain.com If this is too difficult my next preference is (B) to have http://www.mydomain.com host the blog whilst http://mydomain.com redirects to http://www.mydomain.com My 3rd preference is to have (C) a sub-domain like http://tumblr.mydomain.com or http://tumblr.mydomain.com to host the blog and i guess have http://mydomain.com and http://www.mydomain.com both redirect to it. I've tried having two aliases mydomain.com and www.mydomain.com pointing to my permanent NFS ip at mydomain.nfshost.com and when i try to add: (1) an A record pointing mydomain.com to the ip 66.6.44.4 as per Tumblr's instructions it tells me i already have the bare domain as an alias so i cant do that. (2) the A record on the www.mydomain.com alias. I can do this with either www.mydomain.com set as an alias or not. But when i tried this with mydomain.com set as the canonical name the result when visiting either mydomain.com or www.mydomain.com was them both continually redirecting to eachother until an error was thrown. So i was wondering if there is a ninja that could save me some hairpulling and tell me the correct way to config A, or else B, or else C.

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• How to avoid circular dependencies between Player and World?

  - by futlib

  I'm working on a 2D game where you can move up, down, left and right. I have essentially two game logic objects: Player: Has a position relative to the world World: Draws the map and the player So far, World depends on Player (i.e. has a reference to it), needing its position to figure out where to draw the player character, and which portion of the map to draw. Now I want to add collision detection to make it impossible for the player to move through walls. The simplest way I can think of is to have the Player ask the World if the intended movement is possible. But that would introduce a circular dependency between Player and World (i.e. each holds a reference to the other), which seems worth avoiding. The only way I came up with is to have the World move the Player, but I find that somewhat unintuitive. What is my best option? Or is avoiding a circular dependency not worth it?

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• How to define a natural id in database?

  - by gcc

  There are a lot of manuals. I am trying to create an database to hold information of these documents. But, there is a small problem. How can I give meaningful id to the manuals? Are there any standard or logic behind the giving meaningful id to the documents? If there is no standard, can you tell me how I should do that? example: table : manual id | manual name EDIT: Not Meaningful ID 1 or M1 or foo 2 C2 bar 3 P123 name ... ... ... (i) (ii) (iii) (i) Not meaningful for me because if some item deleted, there can be gap. ex 1 33 100. (ii) random character can be confusing when one try to give a name to new manual (iii) Why giving name is not preferred is because finding a name to the manual as ID is hard after 500 manuals. Meaningful : New ID * Can be easily produced even if after 1000 manuals * Should not be so complicated

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