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  • Automatically triggering standard spaceship controls to stop its motion

    - by Garan
    I have been working on a 2D top-down space strategy/shooting game. Right now it is only in the prototyping stage (I have gotten basic movement) but now I am trying to write a function that will stop the ship based on it's velocity. This is being written in Lua, using the Love2D engine. My code is as follows (note- object.dx is the x-velocity, object.dy is the y-velocity, object.acc is the acceleration, and object.r is the rotation in radians): function stopMoving(object, dt) local targetr = math.atan2(object.dy, object.dx) if targetr == object.r + math.pi then local currentspeed = math.sqrt(object.dx*object.dx+object.dy*object.dy) if currentspeed ~= 0 then object.dx = object.dx + object.acc*dt*math.cos(object.r) object.dy = object.dy + object.acc*dt*math.sin(object.r) end else if (targetr - object.r) >= math.pi then object.r = object.r - object.turnspeed*dt else object.r = object.r + object.turnspeed*dt end end end It is implemented in the update function as: if love.keyboard.isDown("backspace") then stopMoving(player, dt) end The problem is that when I am holding down backspace, it spins the player clockwise (though I am trying to have it go the direction that would be the most efficient at getting to the angle it would have to be) and then it never starts to accelerate the player in the direction opposite to it's velocity. What should I change in this code to get that to work? EDIT : I'm not trying to just stop the player in place, I'm trying to get it to use it's normal commands to neutralize it's existing velocity. I also changed math.atan to math.atan2, apparently it's better. I noticed no difference when running it, though.

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  • How can I achieve strong typing with a component messaging system?

    - by Vaughan Hilts
    I'm looking at implementing a messaging system in my entity component system. I've deduced that I can use an event / queue for passing messages, but right now, I just use a generic object and cast out the data I want. I also considered using a dictionary. I see a lot of information on this, but they all involve a lot of casting and guessing. Is there any way to do this elegantly and keep strong typing on my messages?

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  • projected textures not appear on the "back" of the mesh as well?

    - by user975135
    I want to create blood wounds on my character's bodies by using projected textures. I've watched some commentaries on games like Left 4 Dead and they say they use projected textures for the blood. But the way projected textures work is that if you project a texture on a rigged character, say his chest, it will also appear on his back. So what's the trick? How to get projected textures appear only on one "side" of the mesh? I use the Panda3D game engine, if that will help.

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  • Issues glVertexAttribPointer last 2 parameters?

    - by NoobScratcher
    Introduction Hello I will start out by explaining my setup, showing samples as I go along explaining the situation. I'm using these tools: OpenGL 3.3 GLSL 330 C++ Problem The problem is when I render the wavefront obj 3d model it gives a very weird visual glitch the model was supposed to be a square but instead its a triangluated mess with parts of the vertexes pointing in a stretched direction in massive amounts towards the bottom left side of the frustum.... Explanation: I'm using std::vectors to store my wavefront .obj model data using sscanf to get the floating point values into the structure members x,y,z and store them into the Points structure variable p; int index = IndexAssigner(1, 1); ifstream file (list[index].c_str() ); points.push_back(Point()); Point p; int face[4]; while (!file.eof() ) { char modelbuffer[10000]; file.getline(modelbuffer, 10000); switch(modelbuffer[0]) { case 'v' : sscanf(modelbuffer, "v %f %f %f", &p.x, &p.y, &p.z); points.push_back(p); break; case 'f': sscanf(modelbuffer, "f %d %d %d %d", face, face+1, face+2, face+3 ); faces.push_back(face[0]); faces.push_back(face[1]); faces.push_back(face[2]); faces.push_back(face[3]); } //Turn on FileReader aka "RENDER CODE" FileReader = true; } then I render the Points vector using the .data() member of std::vectors to the frustum. Other declarations: int numfloats = 4; float* point=reinterpret_cast<float*>(&points[0]); int num_bytes=numfloats*sizeof(float); Vector declarations: struct Point {float x, y , z; }; std::vector<int>faces; std::vector<Point>points; Render code: glGenBuffers(1, &vertexbuffer); glGenTextures(1, &ModelTexture); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexbuffer); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_3D, ModelTexture); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,GL_RGBA, ModelSurface->w, ModelSurface->h, 0, GL_BGR, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ModelSurface->pixels); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(points), points.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW); glVertexAttribPointer(3, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,num_bytes ,points.data()); glEnableVertexAttribArray(3); //Translation Process GLfloat TranslationMatrix[] = { 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 }; //Send Translation Matrix up to the vertex shader glUniformMatrix4fv(translation, 1, TRUE, TranslationMatrix); glDrawElements( GL_QUADS, faces.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, faces.data()); I tried looking at what was causing this and went through every function every parameter ,etc looked at the man pages. Then found out that it could be my glVertexAttribPointer. Here are the man pages for glVertexAttribPointer http://www.opengl.org/sdk/docs/man/xhtml/glVertexAttribPointer.xml The last 2 parameters is my problem How do I write those 2 last parameters do I try putting the data from Points into it?. glVertexAttribPointer(3, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,num_bytes ,points.data()); How does it work with vectors? Is it fast?* if you can not be bothered too look at the man pages here is the scripts coming from the man pages directly. Stride Specifies the byte offset between consecutive generic vertex attributes. If stride is 0, the generic vertex attributes are understood to be tightly packed in the array. The initial value is 0. Pointer Specifies a pointer to the first component of the first generic vertex attribute in the array. The initial value is 0. If you want my full source - http://ideone.com/fPfkg Thanks Again if you do read this.

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  • Drawing large 2D sidescroller level terrain

    - by Yar
    I'm a relatively good programmer but now that it comes to add some basic levels to my 2D game I'm kinda stuck. What I want to do: An acceptable, large (8000 * 1000 pixels) "green hills" test level for my game. What is the best way for me to do this? It doesn't have to look great, it just shouldn't look like it was made in MS paint with the line and paint bucket tool. Basically it should just mud with grass on top of it, shaped in some form of hills. But how should I draw it, I can't just take out the pencil tool and start drawing it pixel per pixel, can I?

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  • Best way to load rigid bodies from file

    - by Mel
    I'm trying to switch to bullet for physics simulation. Lemme just say first that I am so pleased with bullet's accuracy and performance. After messing around it for a bit, I'm now trying to load rigid bodies from files. Most of my models are in blender and with some searching, I was able to export them in .bullet format. However, loading the files into bullet doesn't look like an easy task. I've come across this page that points me to a sample application that loads bullet files. But then it goes and says that this loader is just a starting point. Is there any open source library out there that will allow me to load rigid bodies from a file? I don't really wanna spend that much time trying to create my own loader.

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  • Orthographic Projection with variable FOV

    - by cubrman
    We are building agame with orthographic view. The problem we face is the fact that with different resolution you can see different area of the game world. E.g. if you have higher resolution you can see more around you. To solve this we currently use a common scale factor that every model is scaled by, depending on resolution. But this has drawbacks when drawing shadows - I cannot set a higher view angle for the orthographic shadow camera, while when using the perspective shadow camera I get significantly worse shadow quality. So the question is is there any way to controll FOV when using orthographic projection, or, more specifically, what is the easiest way to scale the world uniformly up or down with orthographic projection matrix? I saw that in 3ds MAX you can control FOV for an orthographic camera I wonder how they implemented it.

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  • Loadbalancing Questions

    - by Van Holtz
    I have been learning networking for about 4 months. Wrote a single standalone Multiplayer server and succeeded with authoritative approach. Now I want to extend it by splitting the single server into clusters to allow even more players to log in to avoid latency issues. Now I have protyped the Loadbalancing server and its running pretty good so far. This is my architecture, I have a master server which acts as a proxy, every sub servers(chat, login, game) connect to the master server as well as all the clients. when a client connects, Client Request: Send Request - MS(Master) - Decides which SS(SubServer) to forward to - Forwards Request to SS - SS - Analyze Message - Send Response to MS - Decides which Client to forward to - Forwards Response to Client Well, it looks like its going through lots of stages. it takes double the time to process the message than a single server approach. i feel like my model isnt the best or i may be wrong. is there any better model or the one they use in professional games? I still want a Master-SubServer approach. I just want to clarify that I'm going in the right direction before writing all my codes. Thanks for any answer :)

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  • PHP Battle System for RPG game

    - by Jay
    I posted this a while ago on stackoverflow, they thought it would be better place here, I agree. Essentially I know what I want to accomplish, and I have something to the effect of what I want but I am not satisfied with it. Here's the problem. Each user has some states: STR (how hard they hit), DEF (dodging/blocking attacks), SPD (when they can strike), and STAMINA (basically their endurance in game, if this runs out they can no longer fight and lose) What I need is something like this: UserA Stats: STR: 1,000 DEF: 2500 SPD: 2000 (HP: 1000/1000) UserB Stats: STR: 1,500 DEF: 500 SPD: 4000 (HP: 1000/1000) Because the second user has double the speed, he lands twice the amount of hits on the first user, before he gets hit. Because he has less strength than the first users defence, he will do no, to little damage. This is how the battle would theoretically go: UserB strikes UserA for 0 damage UserB strikes UserA for 0 damage UserA strikes UserB for 500 damage UserB strikes UserA for 0 damage UserB strikes UserA for 0 damage UserA strikes UserB for 500 damage, and sends him to the hospital! I was using this code, which is buggy, and not efficient, I just need a better way to do this: http://pastebin.com/15LiQQuJ Oh, and if anyone has some good ideas on how to improve the concept that would be cool too! It's not that elaborate so I'll be thinking of all sorts of things to make it more dynamic. Thanks.

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  • Making AI jump on a spot effectively

    - by Pasquale Sada
    How to calculate, in 3D environment, the closest point, from which an AI character can jump onto a platform? Setup I have an initial velocity V(Vx,Vy,VZ) and a spot where the character stands still at S(Sx,Sy,Sz). What I'm trying to achieve is a successful jump on a spot E(Ex,Ey,Ez) where you have clicked on(only lower or higher spot, because I've in place a simple steering behavior for even terrains). There are no obstacles around. I've implemented a formula that can make him jump in a precise way on a spot but you need to declare an angle: the problem arise when the selected spot is straight above your head. It' pretty lame that the char hang there and can reach a thing that is 1cm above is head. I'll share the code I'm using: Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 *a)); return vel * dir.normalized; Ended up using the lowest angle (20 degree) and checking for collision on the trajectory. If found any increase the angle. Here some code (to improve the code maybe must stop the check at the highest point of the curve): Vector3 BallisticVel(Vector3 target, float angle) { Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 * a)); return vel * dir.normalized; } Vector3 TrajectoryPoint(Vector3 startingPosition, Vector3 startingVelocity, float n ) { float t = 1/60 ; // seconds per time step Vector3 stepVelocity = t * startingVelocity; // m/s Vector3 stepGravity = t * t * Physics.gravity; // m/s/s return startingPosition + n * stepVelocity + 0.5f * (n*n+n) * stepGravity; } bool CheckTrajectory(Vector3 startingPosition,Vector3 target, float angle_jump) { Debug.Log("checking"); if(angle_jump < 80f) { Debug.Log("if"); Vector3 startingVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); for (int i = 0; i < 180; i++) { //Debug.Log(i); Vector3 trajectoryPosition = TrajectoryPoint( startingPosition, startingVelocity, i ); if(Physics.Raycast(trajectoryPosition,Vector3.forward,safeDistance)) { angle_jump += 10; break; // restart loop with the new angle } else continue; } return true; JumpVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); } return false; }

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  • Circle-Rectangle collision in a tile map game

    - by furiousd
    I am making a 2D tile map based putt-putt game. I have collision detection working between the ball and the walls of the map, although when the ball collides at the meeting point between 2 tiles I offset it by 0.5 so that it doesn't get stuck in the wall. This aint a huge issue though. if(y % 20 == 0) { y+=0.5; } if(x % 20 == 0) { x+=0.5; } Collisions work as follows Find the closest point between each tile and the center of the ball If distance(ball_x, ball_y, close_x, close_y) <= ball_radius and the closest point belongs to a solid object, collision has occured Invert X/Y speed according to side of object collided with The next thing I tried to do was implement floating blocks in the middle of the map for the ball to bounce off of. When a ball collides with a corner of the block, it gets stuck in it. So I changed my determineRebound() function to treat corners as if they were circles. Here's that functon: `i and j are indexes of the solid object in the 2d map array. x & y are centre point of ball.` void determineRebound(int _i, int _j) { if(y > _i*tile_w && y < _i*tile_w + tile_w) { //Not a corner xs*=-1; } else if(x > _j*tile_w && x < _j*tile_w + tile_w) { //Not a corner ys*=-1; } else { //Corner float nx = x - close_x; float ny = y - close_y; float len = sqrt(nx * nx + ny * ny); nx /= len; ny /= len; float projection = xs * nx + ys * ny; xs -= 2 * projection * nx; ys -= 2 * projection * ny; } } This is where things have gotten messy. Collisions with 'floating' corners work fine, but now when the ball collides near the meeting point of 2 tiles, it detects a corner collision and does not rebound as expected. I'm a bit in over my head at this point. I guess I'm wondering if I'm going about making this sort of game in the right way. Is a 2d tile map the way to go? If so, is there a problem with my collision logic and where am I going wrong? Any advice/feedback would be great.

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  • Object pools for efficient resource management

    - by GameDevEnthusiast
    How can I avoid using default new() to create each object? My previous demo had very unpleasant framerate hiccups during dynamic memory allocations (usually, when arrays are resized), and creating lots of small objects which often contain one pointer to some DirectX resource seems like an awful lot of waste. I'm thinking about: Creating a master look-up table to refer to objects by handles (for safety & ease of serialization), much like EntityList in source engine Creating a templated object pool, which will store items contiguously (more cache-friendly, fast iteration, etc.) and the stored elements will be accessed (by external systems) via the global lookup table. The object pool will use the swap-with-last trick for fast removal (it will invoke the object's ~destructor first) and will update the corresponding indices in the global table accordingly (when growing/shrinking/moving elements). The elements will be copied via plain memcpy(). Is it a good idea? Will it be safe to store objects of non-POD types (e.g. pointers, vtable) in such containers? Related post: Dynamic Memory Allocation and Memory Management

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  • How to code Time Stop or Bullet Time in a game?

    - by David Miler
    I am developing a single-player RPG platformer in XNA 4.0. I would like to add an ability that would make the time "stop" or slow down, and have only the player character move at the original speed(similar to the Time Stop spell from the Baldur's Gate series). I am not looking for an exact implementation, rather some general ideas and design-patterns. EDIT: Thanks all for the great input. I have come up with the following solution public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { GameTime newGameTime = new GameTime(gameTime.TotalGameTime, new TimeSpan(gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Ticks / DESIRED_TIME_MODIFIER)); gameTime = newGameTime; or something along these lines. This way I can set a different time for the player component and different for the rest. It certainly is not universal enough to work for a game where warping time like this would be a central element, but I hope it should work for this case. I kinda dislike the fact that it litters the main Update loop, but it certainly is the easiest way to implement it. I guess that is essentialy the same as tesselode suggested, so I'm going to give him the green tick :)

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  • How can I show a texture in a separate window in an XNA game?

    - by John
    I'm playing around with random map generation and what I want to do is: Input a command to generate a random map. A texture will be created resembling the generation, each pixel resembling each tile. A new window will pop-up, without removing the original one, that will contain the texture. I know how to do this except for the last part. Would someone please tell me how to create a new window and draw a texture to this window?

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  • Safe to advertise without a trademark?

    - by KlashnikovKid
    Alright, I'm currently thinking about registering my game with Steam's new Greenlight program. Only problem is I don't have a trademarked title yet and I read the government's registration process can take a little while. (and $$ I don't have at the moment) So naturally, this got me wondering if it is a sound idea to proceed without one. So my question is are there any serious pitfalls I should worry about if I start advertising without a trademarked title? (Assuming it doesn't infringe upon anyone else's property of course)

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  • Dynamic body implementation

    - by ArturoVM
    I am writing a 2D game where one of the characters has some very particular requirements. This character is a body with no particular shape (similar to a fluid, but not so much), it has to be able to grow and shrink (as in actually growing, not just scaling), and it has to have collision detection (even if it's basic). Because of this requirements, it obviously can't be based on a sprite, so direct rendering of the shape should be the logical thing to do. I assume this is no easy task, but I just couldn't find a good physics engine that covers these requirements (or at least no tutorial on how to do it; I particularly searched for Box2D tutorials). Is there a way of doing this with Box2D, SDL, or any other physics or game engine out there? If not, what's a good place to start? I am really clueless as far as soft-body physics are concerned.

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  • XNA 4.0, Combining model draw calls

    - by MayContainNuts
    I have the following problem: The levels in my game are made up of a Large Quantity of small Models and because of that I am experiencing frame rate problems. I already did some research and came to the conclusion that the amount of draw calls I am making must be the root of my problems. I've looked around for a while now and couldn't quite find a satisfying solution. I can't cull any of those models, in a worst case scenario there could be 1000 of them visible at the same time. I also looked at Hardware geometry Instancing, but I don't think that's quite what I'm looking for, because the level consists of a lot of different parts. So, what I'd like to do is combining 100 or 200 of these Models into a single large one and draw it as a whole 'chunk'. The whole geometry is static so it wouldn't have to be changed after combining, but different parts of it would have to use different textures (I think I can accomplish that with a texture atlas). But I have no idea how to to that, so does anybody have any suggestions?

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  • Using a permutation table for simplex noise without storing it

    - by J. C. Leitão
    Generating Simplex noise requires a permutation table for randomisation (e.g. see this question or this example). In some applications, we need to persist the state of the permutation table. This can be done by creating the table, e.g. using def permutation_table(seed): table_size = 2**10 # arbitrary for this question l = range(1, table_size + 1) random.seed(seed) # ensures the same shuffle for a given seed random.shuffle(l) return l + l # see shared link why l + l; is a detail and storing it. Can we avoid storing the full table by generating the required elements every time they are required? Specifically, currently I store the table and call it using table[i] (table is a list). Can I avoid storing it by having a function that computes the element i, e.g. get_table_element(seed, i). I'm aware that cryptography already solved this problem using block cyphers, however, I found it too complex to go deep and implement a block cypher. Does anyone knows a simple implementation of a block cypher to this problem?

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  • Animation Trouble with Java Swing Timer - Also, JFrame Will Not Exit_On_Close

    - by forgotton_semicolon
    So, I am using a Java Swing Timer because putting the animation code in a run() method of a Thread subclass caused an insane amount of flickering that is really a terrible experience for any video game player. Can anyone give me any tips on: Why there is no animation... Why the JFrame will not close when it is coded to Exit_On_Close 2 times My code is here: import java.awt.; import java.awt.event.; import javax.swing.*; import java.net.URL; //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// TFQ public class TFQ extends JFrame { DrawingsInSpace dis; //========================================================== constructor public TFQ() { dis = new DrawingsInSpace(); JPanel content = new JPanel(); content.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); this.setContentPane(dis); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); this.setTitle("Plasma_Orbs_Off_Orion"); this.setSize(500,500); this.pack(); //... Create timer which calls action listener every second.. // Use full package qualification for javax.swing.Timer // to avoid potential conflicts with java.util.Timer. javax.swing.Timer t = new javax.swing.Timer(500, new TimePhaseListener()); t.start(); } /////////////////////////////////////////////// inner class Listener thing class TimePhaseListener implements ActionListener, KeyListener { // counter int total; // loop control boolean Its_a_go = true; //position of our matrix int tf = -400; //sprite directions int Sprite_Direction; final int RIGHT = 1; final int LEFT = 2; //for obstacle Rectangle mega_obstacle = new Rectangle(200, 0, 20, HEIGHT); public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //... Whenever this is called, repaint the screen dis.repaint(); addKeyListener(this); while (Its_a_go) { try { dis.repaint(); if(Sprite_Direction == RIGHT) { dis.matrix.x += 2; } // end if i think if(Sprite_Direction == LEFT) { dis.matrix.x -= 2; } } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println(ex); } } // end while i think } // end actionPerformed @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void keyReleased(KeyEvent arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent event) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if (event.getKeyChar()=='f'){ Sprite_Direction = RIGHT; System.out.println("matrix should be animating now "); System.out.println("current matrix position = " + dis.matrix.x); } if (event.getKeyChar()=='d') { Sprite_Direction = LEFT; System.out.println("matrix should be going in reverse"); System.out.println("current matrix position = " + dis.matrix.x); } } } //================================================================= main public static void main(String[] args) { JFrame SafetyPins = new TFQ(); SafetyPins.setVisible(true); SafetyPins.setSize(500,500); SafetyPins.setResizable(true); SafetyPins.setLocationRelativeTo(null); SafetyPins.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } } class DrawingsInSpace extends JPanel { URL url1_plasma_orbs; URL url2_matrix; Image img1_plasma_orbs; Image img2_matrix; // for the plasma_orbs Rectangle bbb = new Rectangle(0,0, 0, 0); // for the matrix Rectangle matrix = new Rectangle(-400, 60, 430, 200); public DrawingsInSpace() { //load URLs try { url1_plasma_orbs = this.getClass().getResource("plasma_orbs.png"); url2_matrix = this.getClass().getResource("matrix.png"); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } // attach the URLs to the images img1_plasma_orbs = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(url1_plasma_orbs); img2_matrix = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(url2_matrix); } public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); // draw the plasma_orbs g.drawImage(img1_plasma_orbs, bbb.x, bbb.y,this); //draw the matrix g.drawImage(img2_matrix, matrix.x, matrix.y, this); } } // end class enter code here

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  • Making a Camera look at a target Vector

    - by Peteyslatts
    I have a camera that works as long as its stationary. Now I'm trying to create a child class of that camera class that will look at its target. The new addition to the class is a method called SetTarget(). The method takes in a Vector3 target. The camera wont move but I need it to rotate to look at the target. If I just set the target, and then call CreateLookAt() (which takes in position, target, and up), when the object gets far enough away and underneath the camera, it suddenly flips right side up. So I need to transform the up vector, which currently always stays at Vector3.Up. I feel like this has something to do with taking the angle between the old direction vector and the new one (which I know can be expressed by target - position). I feel like this is all really vague, so here's the code for my base camera class: public class BasicCamera : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GameComponent { public Matrix view { get; protected set; } public Matrix projection { get; protected set; } public Vector3 position { get; protected set; } public Vector3 direction { get; protected set; } public Vector3 up { get; protected set; } public Vector3 side { get { return Vector3.Cross(up, direction); } protected set { } } public BasicCamera(Game game, Vector3 position, Vector3 target, Vector3 up) : base(game) { this.position = position; this.direction = target - position; this.up = up; CreateLookAt(); projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView( MathHelper.PiOver4, (float)Game.Window.ClientBounds.Width / (float)Game.Window.ClientBounds.Height, 1, 500); } public override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // TODO: Add your update code here CreateLookAt(); base.Update(gameTime); } } And this is the code for the class that extends the above class to look at its target. class TargetedCamera : BasicCamera { public Vector3 target { get; protected set; } public TargetedCamera(Game game, Vector3 position, Vector3 target, Vector3 up) : base(game, position, target, up) { this.target = target; } public void SetTarget(Vector3 target) { direction = target - position; } protected override void CreateLookAt() { view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(position, target, up); } }

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  • 2D SAT Collision Detection not working when using certain polygons (With example)

    - by sFuller
    My SAT algorithm falsely reports that collision is occurring when using certain polygons. I believe this happens when using a polygon that does not contain a right angle. Here is a simple diagram of what is going wrong: Here is the problematic code: std::vector<vec2> axesB = polygonB->GetAxes(); //loop over axes B for(int i = 0; i < axesB.size(); i++) { float minA,minB,maxA,maxB; polygonA->Project(axesB[i],&minA,&maxA); polygonB->Project(axesB[i],&minB,&maxB); float intervalDistance = polygonA->GetIntervalDistance(minA, maxA, minB, maxB); if(intervalDistance >= 0) return false; //Collision not occurring } This function retrieves axes from the polygon: std::vector<vec2> Polygon::GetAxes() { std::vector<vec2> axes; for(int i = 0; i < verts.size(); i++) { vec2 a = verts[i]; vec2 b = verts[(i+1)%verts.size()]; vec2 edge = b-a; axes.push_back(vec2(-edge.y,edge.x).GetNormailzed()); } return axes; } This function returns the normalized vector: vec2 vec2::GetNormailzed() { float mag = sqrt( x*x + y*y ); return *this/mag; } This function projects a polygon onto an axis: void Polygon::Project(vec2* axis, float* min, float* max) { float d = axis->DotProduct(&verts[0]); float _min = d; float _max = d; for(int i = 1; i < verts.size(); i++) { d = axis->DotProduct(&verts[i]); _min = std::min(_min,d); _max = std::max(_max,d); } *min = _min; *max = _max; } This function returns the dot product of the vector with another vector. float vec2::DotProduct(vec2* other) { return (x*other->x + y*other->y); } Could anyone give me a pointer in the right direction to what could be causing this bug? Edit: I forgot this function, which gives me the interval distance: float Polygon::GetIntervalDistance(float minA, float maxA, float minB, float maxB) { float intervalDistance; if (minA < minB) { intervalDistance = minB - maxA; } else { intervalDistance = minA - maxB; } return intervalDistance; //A positive value indicates this axis can be separated. } Edit 2: I have recreated the problem in HTML5/Javascript: Demo

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  • Any good web frameworks for asynchronous multiplayer games?

    - by Steven Stadnicki
    I'm trying to craft a site for web-based (original) board games, and my client (currently written in Actionscript, but that's highly fungible) works fine - I can play solitaire games in the client - but it has nothing to connect to. What I'm looking for is a server framework for handling accounts/authentication and game tracking: something that would let players log in, show them a list of their current games, let them invite friends to new games, let them make moves in the games they have open, etc. I'm flexible on language; obviously I'm going to have to write a lot of server code to handle the actual game logic, but that should be straightforward enough. I'm more concerned with how to handle the user (and game) DBs, though suggestions for a good server framework for communicating with the DBs (and serving up, most likely, JSON for client communications) are also welcome. Right now my leaning is towards Ruby (probably with Rails) but as far as I can determine it would be a pretty good chunk of effort to set up the necessary databases, so having something even higher-level would be really useful to me.

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  • How do I create a camera?

    - by Morphex
    I am trying to create a generic camera class for a game engine, which works for different types of cameras (Orbital, GDoF, FPS), but I have no idea how to go about it. I have read about quaternions and matrices, but I do not understand how to implement it. Particularly, it seems you need "Up", "Forward" and "Right" vectors, a Quaternion for rotations, and View and Projection matrices. For example, an FPS camera only rotates around the World Y and the Right Axis of the camera; the 6DoF rotates always around its own axis, and the orbital is just translating for a set distance and making it look always at a fixed target point. The concepts are there; implementing this is not trivial for me. SharpDX seems to have has already Matrices and Quaternions implemented, but I don't know how to use them to create a camera. Can anyone point me on what am I missing, what I got wrong? I would really enjoy if you could give a tutorial, some piece of code, or just plain explanation of the concepts.

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  • Normal map lighting bug in bottom right quadrant

    - by Ryan Capote
    I am currently working on getting normal maps working in my project, and have run into a problem with lighting. As you can see, the normals in the bottom right quadrant of the lighting isn't calculating the correct direction to the light or something. Best seen by the red light If I use flat normals (z normal = 1.0), it seems to be working fine: normals for the tile sheet: Shader: #version 330 uniform sampler2D uDiffuseTexture; uniform sampler2D uNormalsTexture; uniform sampler2D uSpecularTexture; uniform sampler2D uEmissiveTexture; uniform sampler2D uWorldNormals; uniform sampler2D uShadowMap; uniform vec4 uLightColor; uniform float uConstAtten; uniform float uLinearAtten; uniform float uQuadradicAtten; uniform float uColorIntensity; in vec2 TexCoords; in vec2 GeomSize; out vec4 FragColor; float sample(vec2 coord, float r) { return step(r, texture2D(uShadowMap, coord).r); } float occluded() { float PI = 3.14; vec2 normalized = TexCoords.st * 2.0 - 1.0; float theta = atan(normalized.y, normalized.x); float r = length(normalized); float coord = (theta + PI) / (2.0 * PI); vec2 tc = vec2(coord, 0.0); float center = sample(tc, r); float sum = 0.0; float blur = (1.0 / GeomSize.x) * smoothstep(0.0, 1.0, r); sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += center * 0.16; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; return sum * smoothstep(1.0, 0.0, r); } float calcAttenuation(float distance) { float linearAtten = uLinearAtten * distance; float quadAtten = uQuadradicAtten * distance * distance; float attenuation = 1.0 / (uConstAtten + linearAtten + quadAtten); return attenuation; } vec3 calcFragPosition(void) { return vec3(TexCoords*GeomSize, 0.0); } vec3 calcLightPosition(void) { return vec3(GeomSize/2.0, 0.0); } float calcDistance(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return length(fragPos - lightPos); } vec3 calcLightDirection(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return normalize(lightPos - fragPos); } vec4 calcFinalLight(vec2 worldUV, vec3 lightDir, float attenuation) { float diffuseFactor = dot(normalize(texture2D(uNormalsTexture, worldUV).rgb), lightDir); vec4 diffuse = vec4(0.0); vec4 lightColor = uLightColor * uColorIntensity; if(diffuseFactor > 0.0) { diffuse = vec4(texture2D(uDiffuseTexture, worldUV.xy).rgb, 1.0); diffuse *= diffuseFactor; lightColor *= diffuseFactor; } else { discard; } vec4 final = (diffuse + lightColor); if(texture2D(uWorldNormals, worldUV).g > 0.0) { return final * attenuation; } else { return final * occluded(); } } void main(void) { vec3 fragPosition = calcFragPosition(); vec3 lightPosition = calcLightPosition(); float distance = calcDistance(fragPosition, lightPosition); float attenuation = calcAttenuation(distance); vec2 worldPos = gl_FragCoord.xy / vec2(1024, 768); vec3 lightDir = calcLightDirection(fragPosition, lightPosition); lightDir = (lightDir*0.5)+0.5; float atten = calcAttenuation(distance); vec4 emissive = texture2D(uEmissiveTexture, worldPos); FragColor = calcFinalLight(worldPos, lightDir, atten) + emissive; }

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  • collision detection problems - Javascript/canvas game

    - by Tom Burman
    Ok here is a more detailed version of my question. What i want to do: i simply want the have a 2d array to represent my game map. i want a player sprite and i want that sprite to be able to move around my map freely using the keyboard and also have collisions with certain tiles of my map array. i want to use very large maps so i need a viewport. What i have: I have a loop to load the tile images into an array: /Loop to load tile images into an array var mapTiles = []; for (x = 0; x <= 256; x++) { var imageObj = new Image(); // new instance for each image imageObj.src = "images/prototype/"+x+".jpg"; mapTiles.push(imageObj); } I have a 2d array for my game map: //Array to hold map data var board = [ [1,2,3,4,3,4,3,4,5,6,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [17,18,19,20,19,20,19,20,21,22,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [33,34,35,36,35,36,35,36,37,38,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [49,50,51,52,51,52,51,52,53,54,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,197,198,199,1,1,1,1], [65,66,67,68,146,147,67,68,69,70,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,216,217,1,1,1,213,214,215,1,1,1,1], [81,82,83,161,162,163,164,84,85,86,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,232,233,1,1,1,229,230,231,1,1,1,1], [97,98,99,177,178,179,180,100,101,102,1,1,1,1,59,1,1,1,248,249,1,1,1,245,246,247,1,1,1,1], [1,1,238,1,1,1,1,239,240,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [216,217,254,1,1,1,1,255,256,1,204,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [232,233,1,1,1,117,118,1,1,1,220,1,1,119,120,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,119,120,1,1], [248,249,1,1,1,133,134,1,1,1,1,1,1,135,136,1,1,1,1,1,1,59,1,1,1,1,135,136,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,216,217,1,1,1,1,1,1,60,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,232,233,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,204,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,248,249,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,220,1,1,1,1,1,1,216,217,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,149,150,151,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,232,233,1,1,1], [12,12,12,12,12,12,12,13,1,1,1,1,165,166,167,1,1,1,1,1,1,119,120,1,1,248,249,1,1,1], [28,28,28,28,28,28,28,29,1,1,1,1,181,182,183,1,1,1,1,1,1,135,136,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [44,44,44,44,44,15,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,59,1,1,197,198,199,1,1,1,1,119,120,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,216,217,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,213,214,215,1,1,1,1,135,136,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,232,233,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,229,230,231,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,248,249,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,245,246,247,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,197,198,199,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,213,214,215,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,60,1,1,1,1,204,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,229,230,231,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,220,1,1,1,1,119,120,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,245,246,247,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,135,136,1,1,60,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1] ]; I have my loop to place the correct tile sin the correct positions: //Loop to place tiles onto screen in correct position for (x = 0; x <= viewWidth; x++){ for (y = 0; y <= viewHeight; y++){ var width = 32; var height = 32; context.drawImage(mapTiles[board[y+viewY][x+viewX]],x*width, y*height); } } I Have my player object : //Place player object context.drawImage(playerImg, (playerX-viewX)*32,(playerY-viewY)*32, 32, 32); I have my viewport setup: //Set viewport pos viewX = playerX - Math.floor(0.5 * viewWidth); if (viewX < 0) viewX = 0; if (viewX+viewWidth > worldWidth) viewX = worldWidth - viewWidth; viewY = playerY - Math.floor(0.5 * viewHeight); if (viewY < 0) viewY = 0; if (viewY+viewHeight > worldHeight) viewY = worldHeight - viewHeight; I have my player movement: canvas.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) { console.log(e); var key = null; switch (e.which) { case 37: // Left if (playerY > 0) playerY--; break; case 38: // Up if (playerX > 0) playerX--; break; case 39: // Right if (playerY < worldWidth) playerY++; break; case 40: // Down if (playerX < worldHeight) playerX++; break; } My Problem: I have my map loading an it looks fine, but my player position thinks it's on a different tile to what it actually is. So for instance, i know that if my player moves left 1 tile, the value of that tile should be 2, but if i print out the value it should be moving to (2), it comes up with a different value. How ive tried to solve the problem: I have tried swap X and Y values for the initialization of my player, for when my map prints. If i swap the x and y values in this part of my code: context.drawImage(mapTiles[board[y+viewY][x+viewX]],x*width, y*height); The map doesnt get draw correctly at all and tiles are placed all in random positions or orientations IF i sway the x and y values for my player in this line : context.drawImage(playerImg, (playerX-viewX)*32,(playerY-viewY)*32, 32, 32); The players movements are inversed, so up and down keys move my player left and right viceversa. My question: Where am i going wrong in my code, and how do i solve it so i have my map looking like it should and my player moving as it should as well as my player returning the correct tileID it is standing on or moving too. Thanks Again ALSO Here is a link to my whole code: prototype

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