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  • Is there any hueristic to polygonize a closed 2d-raster shape with n triangles?

    - by Arthur Wulf White
    Lets say we have a 2d image black on white that shows a closed geometric shape. Is there any (not naive brute force) algorithm that approximates that shape as closely as possible with n triangles? If you want a formal definition for as closely as possible: Approximate the shape with a polygon that when rendered into a new 2d image will match the largest number of pixels possible with the original image.

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  • What is the correct and most efficient approach of streaming vertex data?

    - by Martijn Courteaux
    Usually, I do this in my current OpenGL ES project (for iOS): Initialization: Create two VBO's and one IndexBuffer (since I will use the same indices), same size. Create two VAO's and configure them, both bound to the same Index Buffer. Each frame: Choose a VBO/VAO couple. (Different from the previous frame, so I'm alternating.) Bind that VBO Upload new data using glBufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ...). Bind the VAO Render my stuff using glDrawElements(GL_***, ...); Unbind the VAO However, someone told me to avoid uploading data (step 3) and render immediately the new data (step 5). I should avoid this, because the glDrawElements call will stall until the buffer is effectively uploaded to VRAM. So he suggested to draw all my geometry I uploaded the previous frame and upload in the current frame what will be drawn in the next frame. Thus, everything is rendered with the delay of one frame. Is this true or am I using the good approach to work with streaming vertex data? (I do know that the pipeline will stall the other way around. Ie: when you draw and immediately try to change the buffer data. But I'm not doing that, since I implemented double buffering.)

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  • Moving player in direciton camera is facing

    - by Samurai Fox
    I have a 3rd person camera which can rotate around the player. My problem is that wherever camera is facing, players forward is always the same direction. For example when camera is facing the right side of the player, when I press button to move forward, I want player to turn to the left and make that the "new forward". My camera script so far: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class PlayerScript : MonoBehaviour { public float RotateSpeed = 150, MoveSpeed = 50; float DeltaTime; void Update() { DeltaTime = Time.deltaTime; transform.Rotate(0, Input.GetAxis("LeftX") * RotateSpeed * DeltaTime, 0); transform.Translate(0, 0, -Input.GetAxis("LeftY") * MoveSpeed * DeltaTime); } } public class CameraScript : MonoBehaviour { public GameObject Target; public float RotateSpeed = 170, FollowDistance = 20, FollowHeight = 10; float RotateSpeedPerTime, DesiredRotationAngle, DesiredHeight, CurrentRotationAngle, CurrentHeight, Yaw, Pitch; Quaternion CurrentRotation; void LateUpdate() { RotateSpeedPerTime = RotateSpeed * Time.deltaTime; DesiredRotationAngle = Target.transform.eulerAngles.y; DesiredHeight = Target.transform.position.y + FollowHeight; CurrentRotationAngle = transform.eulerAngles.y; CurrentHeight = transform.position.y; CurrentRotationAngle = Mathf.LerpAngle(CurrentRotationAngle, DesiredRotationAngle, 0); CurrentHeight = Mathf.Lerp(CurrentHeight, DesiredHeight, 0); CurrentRotation = Quaternion.Euler(0, CurrentRotationAngle, 0); transform.position = Target.transform.position; transform.position -= CurrentRotation * Vector3.forward * FollowDistance; transform.position = new Vector3(transform.position.x, CurrentHeight, transform.position.z); Yaw = Input.GetAxis("Right Horizontal") * RotateSpeedPerTime; Pitch = Input.GetAxis("Right Vertical") * RotateSpeedPerTime; transform.Translate(new Vector3(Yaw, -Pitch, 0)); transform.position = new Vector3(transform.position.x, transform.position.y, transform.position.z); transform.LookAt(Target.transform); } }

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  • Appropriate level of granularity for component-based architecture

    - by Jon Purdy
    I'm working on a game with a component-based architecture. An Entity owns a set of Component instances, each of which has a set of Slot instances with which to store, send, and receive values. Factory functions such as Player produce entities with the required components and slot connections. I'm trying to determine the best level of granularity for components. For example, right now Position, Velocity, and Acceleration are all separate components, connected in series. Velocity and Acceleration could easily be rewritten into a uniform Delta component, or Position, Velocity, and Acceleration could be combined alongside such components as Friction and Gravity into a monolithic Physics component. Should a component have the smallest responsibility possible (at the cost of lots of interconnectivity) or should related components be combined into monolithic ones (at the cost of flexibility)? I'm leaning toward the former, but I could use a second opinion.

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  • Box2D how to implement a camera?

    - by Romeo
    By now i have this Camera class. package GameObjects; import main.Main; import org.jbox2d.common.Vec2; public class Camera { public int x; public int y; public int sx; public int sy; public static final float PIXEL_TO_METER = 50f; private float yFlip = -1.0f; public Camera() { x = 0; y = 0; sx = x + Main.APPWIDTH; sy = y + Main.APPHEIGHT; } public Camera(int x, int y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; sx = x + Main.APPWIDTH; sy = y + Main.APPHEIGHT; } public void update() { sx = x + Main.APPWIDTH; sy = y + Main.APPHEIGHT; } public void moveCam(int mx, int my) { if(mx >= 0 && mx <= 80) { this.x -= 2; } else if(mx <= Main.APPWIDTH && mx >= Main.APPWIDTH - 80) { this.x += 2; } if(my >= 0 && my <= 80) { this.y += 2; } else if(my <= Main.APPHEIGHT && my >= Main.APPHEIGHT - 80) { this.y -= 2; } this.update(); } public float meterToPixel(float meter) { return meter * PIXEL_TO_METER; } public float pixelToMeter(float pixel) { return pixel / PIXEL_TO_METER; } public Vec2 screenToWorld(Vec2 screenV) { return new Vec2(screenV.x + this.x, yFlip * screenV.y + this.y); } public Vec2 worldToScreen(Vec2 worldV) { return new Vec2(worldV.x - this.x, yFlip * worldV.y - this.y); } } I need to know how to modify the screenToWorld and worldToScreen functions to include the PIXEL_TO_METER scaling.

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  • Trying to detect collision between two polygons using Separating Axis Theorem

    - by Holly
    The only collision experience i've had was with simple rectangles, i wanted to find something that would allow me to define polygonal areas for collision and have been trying to make sense of SAT using these two links Though i'm a bit iffy with the math for the most part i feel like i understand the theory! Except my implementation somewhere down the line must be off as: (excuse the hideous font) As mentioned above i have defined a CollisionPolygon class where most of my theory is implemented and then have a helper class called Vect which was meant to be for Vectors but has also been used to contain a vertex given that both just have two float values. I've tried stepping through the function and inspecting the values to solve things but given so many axes and vectors and new math to work out as i go i'm struggling to find the erroneous calculation(s) and would really appreciate any help. Apologies if this is not suitable as a question! CollisionPolygon.java: package biz.hireholly.gameplay; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Color; import android.graphics.Paint; import biz.hireholly.gameplay.Types.Vect; public class CollisionPolygon { Paint paint; private Vect[] vertices; private Vect[] separationAxes; CollisionPolygon(Vect[] vertices){ this.vertices = vertices; //compute edges and separations axes separationAxes = new Vect[vertices.length]; for (int i = 0; i < vertices.length; i++) { // get the current vertex Vect p1 = vertices[i]; // get the next vertex Vect p2 = vertices[i + 1 == vertices.length ? 0 : i + 1]; // subtract the two to get the edge vector Vect edge = p1.subtract(p2); // get either perpendicular vector Vect normal = edge.perp(); // the perp method is just (x, y) => (-y, x) or (y, -x) separationAxes[i] = normal; } paint = new Paint(); paint.setColor(Color.RED); } public void draw(Canvas c, int xPos, int yPos){ for (int i = 0; i < vertices.length; i++) { Vect v1 = vertices[i]; Vect v2 = vertices[i + 1 == vertices.length ? 0 : i + 1]; c.drawLine( xPos + v1.x, yPos + v1.y, xPos + v2.x, yPos + v2.y, paint); } } /* consider changing to a static function */ public boolean intersects(CollisionPolygon p){ // loop over this polygons separation exes for (Vect axis : separationAxes) { // project both shapes onto the axis Vect p1 = this.minMaxProjection(axis); Vect p2 = p.minMaxProjection(axis); // do the projections overlap? if (!p1.overlap(p2)) { // then we can guarantee that the shapes do not overlap return false; } } // loop over the other polygons separation axes Vect[] sepAxesOther = p.getSeparationAxes(); for (Vect axis : sepAxesOther) { // project both shapes onto the axis Vect p1 = this.minMaxProjection(axis); Vect p2 = p.minMaxProjection(axis); // do the projections overlap? if (!p1.overlap(p2)) { // then we can guarantee that the shapes do not overlap return false; } } // if we get here then we know that every axis had overlap on it // so we can guarantee an intersection return true; } /* Note projections wont actually be acurate if the axes aren't normalised * but that's not necessary since we just need a boolean return from our * intersects not a Minimum Translation Vector. */ private Vect minMaxProjection(Vect axis) { float min = axis.dot(vertices[0]); float max = min; for (int i = 1; i < vertices.length; i++) { float p = axis.dot(vertices[i]); if (p < min) { min = p; } else if (p > max) { max = p; } } Vect minMaxProj = new Vect(min, max); return minMaxProj; } public Vect[] getSeparationAxes() { return separationAxes; } public Vect[] getVertices() { return vertices; } } Vect.java: package biz.hireholly.gameplay.Types; /* NOTE: Can also be used to hold vertices! Projections, coordinates ect */ public class Vect{ public float x; public float y; public Vect(float x, float y){ this.x = x; this.y = y; } public Vect perp() { return new Vect(-y, x); } public Vect subtract(Vect other) { return new Vect(x - other.x, y - other.y); } public boolean overlap(Vect other) { if( other.x <= y || other.y >= x){ return true; } return false; } /* used specifically for my SAT implementation which i'm figuring out as i go, * references for later.. * http://www.gamedev.net/page/resources/_/technical/game-programming/2d-rotated-rectangle-collision-r2604 * http://www.codezealot.org/archives/55 */ public float scalarDotProjection(Vect other) { //multiplier = dot product / length^2 float multiplier = dot(other) / (x*x + y*y); //to get the x/y of the projection vector multiply by x/y of axis float projX = multiplier * x; float projY = multiplier * y; //we want to return the dot product of the projection, it's meaningless but useful in our SAT case return dot(new Vect(projX,projY)); } public float dot(Vect other){ return (other.x*x + other.y*y); } }

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  • Breakout clone, how to handle/design for collision detection/physics between objects?

    - by Zolomon
    I'm working on a breakout clone, and I wish to create some realistic physics effects for collision - angles on the paddle should allow the ball to bounce, as well as doing curve balls etc. I could use per-pixel based collision detection, but then I thought it might be easier with line/circle intersection testing. So, then I naturally consider making a polygon class for the line-based objects and use the built-in circle class for the circular objects. That sounds like an OK approach, right? And then just check for collision using the specified algorithm based on the objects that might be within each other's range?

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  • What are the pro/cons of Unity3D as a choice to make games ?

    - by jokoon
    We are doing our school project with Unity3d, since they were using Shiva the previous year (which seems horrible to me), and I wanted to know your point of view for this tool. Pros: multi platform, I even heard Google is going to implement it in Chrome everything you need is here scripting languages makes it a good choice for people who are not programming gurus Cons: multiplayer ? proprietary, you are totally dependent of unity and its limit and can't extend it it's less "making a game from scratch" C++ would have been a cool thing I really think this kind of tool is interesting, but is it worth it to use at school for a project that involves more than 3 programming persons ? What do we really learn in term of programming from using this kind of tool (I'm ok with python and js, but I hate C#) ? We could have use Ogre instead, even if we were learning direct x starting january...

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  • Initializing OpenFeint for Android outside the main Application

    - by Ef Es
    I am trying to create a generic C++ bridge to use OpenFeint with Cocos2d-x, which is supposed to be just "add and run" but I am finding problems. OpenFeint is very exquisite when initializing, it requires a Context parameter that MUST be the main Application, in the onCreate method, never the constructor. Also, the main Apps name must be edited into the manifest. I am trying to fix this. So far I have tried to create a new Application that calls my Application to test if just the type is needed, but you do really need the main Android application. I also tried using a handler for a static initialization but I found pretty much the same problem. Has anybody been able to do it? This is my working-but-not-as-intended code snippet public class DerpHurr extends Application{ @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); initializeOpenFeint("TestApp", "edthedthedthedth", "aeyaetyet", "65462"); } public void initializeOpenFeint(String appname, String key, String secret, String id){ Map<String, Object> options = new HashMap<String, Object>(); options.put(OpenFeintSettings.SettingCloudStorageCompressionStrategy, OpenFeintSettings.CloudStorageCompressionStrategyDefault); OpenFeintSettings settings = new OpenFeintSettings(appname, key, secret, id, options); //RIGHT HERE OpenFeint.initialize(***this***, settings, new OpenFeintDelegate() { }); System.out.println("OpenFeint Started"); } } Manifest <application android:debuggable="true" android:label="@string/app_name" android:name=".DerpHurr">

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  • Unable to access jar. Why?

    - by SystemNetworks
    I was making a game in java and exported it as jar file. Then after that, I opeed jar splice. I added the libaries and exported jar. I added the natives then i made a main class. I created a fat jar and put it on my desktop. I'm using Mac OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion. When I put in the terminal, java -jar System Front.jar it says unable to access System Front.jar Even if i double click on the file, it doesen't show up! Help! I'm using slick. I added slick and lwjgl as libraries for the jar splice at the jars.

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  • Incorporating XNA into an existing project

    - by Boreal
    My game as-is is using IrrlichtLime, which I'm beginning to dislike because it hides a lot of implementation and makes adding your own implementation incredibly complex. I don't really need the scene manager for anything and the only animation I need is manual (i.e. transforming the bones programmatically). However, I've only ever used XNA in the past as a starting point with the templates. How would I take my current project and add XNA to it?

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  • 2D Tile Based Collision Detection

    - by MrPlosion1243
    There are a lot of topics about this and it seems each one addresses a different problem, this topic does the same. I was looking into tile collision detection and found this where David Gouveia explains a great way to get around the person's problem by separating the two axis. So I implemented the solution and it all worked perfectly from all the testes I through at it. Then I implemented more advanced platforming physics and the collision detection broke down. Unfortunately I have not been able to get it to work again which is where you guys come in :)! I will present the code first: public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { if(Input.GetKeyDown(Keys.A)) { velocity.X -= moveAcceleration; } else if(Input.GetKeyDown(Keys.D)) { velocity.X += moveAcceleration; } if(Input.GetKeyDown(Keys.Space)) { if((onGround && isPressable) || (!onGround && airTime <= maxAirTime && isPressable)) { onGround = false; airTime += (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; velocity.Y = initialJumpVelocity * (1.0f - (float)Math.Pow(airTime / maxAirTime, Math.PI)); } } else if(Input.GetKeyReleased(Keys.Space)) { isPressable = false; } if(onGround) { velocity.X *= groundDrag; velocity.Y = 0.0f; } else { velocity.X *= airDrag; velocity.Y += gravityAcceleration; } velocity.Y = MathHelper.Clamp(velocity.Y, -maxFallSpeed, maxFallSpeed); velocity.X = MathHelper.Clamp(velocity.X, -maxMoveSpeed, maxMoveSpeed); position += velocity * (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; position = new Vector2((float)Math.Round(position.X), (float)Math.Round(position.Y)); if(Math.Round(velocity.X) != 0.0f) { HandleCollisions2(Direction.Horizontal); } if(Math.Round(velocity.Y) != 0.0f) { HandleCollisions2(Direction.Vertical); } } private void HandleCollisions2(Direction direction) { int topTile = (int)Math.Floor((float)Bounds.Top / Tile.PixelTileSize); int bottomTile = (int)Math.Ceiling((float)Bounds.Bottom / Tile.PixelTileSize) - 1; int leftTile = (int)Math.Floor((float)Bounds.Left / Tile.PixelTileSize); int rightTile = (int)Math.Ceiling((float)Bounds.Right / Tile.PixelTileSize) - 1; for(int x = leftTile; x <= rightTile; x++) { for(int y = topTile; y <= bottomTile; y++) { Rectangle tileBounds = new Rectangle(x * Tile.PixelTileSize, y * Tile.PixelTileSize, Tile.PixelTileSize, Tile.PixelTileSize); Vector2 depth; if(Tile.IsSolid(x, y) && Intersects(tileBounds, direction, out depth)) { if(direction == Direction.Horizontal) { position.X += depth.X; } else { onGround = true; isPressable = true; airTime = 0.0f; position.Y += depth.Y; } } } } } From the code you can see when velocity.X is not equal to zero the HandleCollisions() Method is called along the horizontal axis and likewise for the vertical axis. When velocity.X is not equal to zero and velocity.Y is equal to zero it works fine. When velocity.Y is not equal to zero and velocity.X is equal to zero everything also works fine. However when both axis are not equal to zero that's when it doesn't work and I don't know why. I basically teleport to the left side of a tile when both axis are not equal to zero and there is a air block next to me. Hopefully someone can see the problem with this because I sure don't as far as I'm aware nothing has even changed from what I'm doing to what the linked post's solution is doing. Thanks.

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  • Using multiple indexes with buffer objects in OpenTK

    - by Rushyo
    I've got multiple buffers in OpenGL holding data on position, normals and texcoords. I also have an equal number of buffers holding distinct index data for each of those buffers. I quite like this format (indvidual indexes for each buffer) utilised by COLLADA since it strikes me as optimally efficient at accessing each buffer. I've set up pointers to the relevant data arrays using VertexPointer, NormalPointer, etc however I have no way to assign pointers to the index buffers since DrawElements appear to only look at one ElementArrayBuffer. Can I utilise multiple indices some way or will I be better off using a different technique which can support this? I'd prefer to keep the distinct indices if at all possible.

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  • Pixel alignment algorithm

    - by user42325
    I have a set of square blocks, I want to draw them in a window. I am sure the coordinates calculation is correct. But on the screen, some squares' edge overlap with other, some are not. I remember the problem is caused by accuracy of pixels. I remember there's a specific topic related to this kind of problem in 2D image rendering. But I don't remember what exactly it is, and how to solve it. Look at this screenshot. Each block should have a fixed width margin. But in the image, the vertical white line have different width.Though, the horizontal lines looks fine.

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  • Android Touch Event Collision Detection

    - by chrissb
    I'm relatively new to both Java and Android, so hopefully the problem I'm having is stemming from something pretty minor that I've overlooked. I've got a (very early stage) game that I've started working on, for Android using Java. At this stage, when the user touches the screen, if they touched a point at which there is an enemy, the enemies health is decreased and they become immobile (for the current implementation at least). The issue that I'm having is that the touch detection doesn't always seem to work. I've got a testing sprite set up that goes to the eventX and eventY coordinates of the touch down event, and it always seems to collide with the enemy object. Yet, the enemy doesn't always register as being hit, and sometimes a hit is registered when the sprite indicates the touch coordinates were outside of the enemies bounding box. I realise that this probably doesn't mean much without any code, so here's what I've got so far. Be gentle, as this is literally my first attempt at something more than basic movement etc. First off, the MainGamePanel class registers the touch event, and informs the levelmanager class (which is what I set up to monitor/handle enemies) public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN){ levelManager.handleActionDown((int)event.getX(), (int)event.getY()); targetX=event.getX(); targetY=event.getY(); } if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE) { //the gestures } if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) { //touch was released } return true; } From there, in the levelmanager class the touch event is passed on to all of the enemies within a list array: public static void handleActionDown(int eventX,int eventY){ hit=false; for (enemy1 en : enemy1array){ en.handleActionDown(eventX, eventY); } } The rest of the collision code is handled within the enemies handleActionDown function: public void handleActionDown(int eventX, int eventY) { if(eventX>this.x-enemy1bitmap.getWidth() && eventX<this.x+enemy1bitmap.getWidth() && eventY>this.y-enemy1bitmap.getHeight() && eventY<this.x+enemy1bitmap.getHeight()){ takeDamage(1); levelmanager.setHit(); } } I should probably be using getWidth()/2 and getHeight()/2 for it to be more accurate, but I expanded the area to test this - although I've noticed no improvement. At this stage, the games detection over whether or not the enemy is hit is spotty at best. Generally it takes two or three attempts before a collision is successfully registered, even though the sprite that is being used for testing and set to the eventX and eventY coordinates always indicates that the collision should have worked. Hopefully someone can steer me in the right direction here, and if more information is needed, ask away! Cheers, -Chris

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  • Java - Tile engine changing number in array not changing texture

    - by Corey
    I draw my map from a txt file. Would I have to write to the text file to notice the changes I made? Right now it changes the number in the array but the tile texture doesn't change. Do I have to do more than just change the number in the array? public class Tiles { public Image[] tiles = new Image[5]; public int[][] map = new int[64][64]; private Image grass, dirt, fence, mound; private SpriteSheet tileSheet; public int tileWidth = 32; public int tileHeight = 32; Player player = new Player(); public void init() throws IOException, SlickException { tileSheet = new SpriteSheet("assets/tiles.png", tileWidth, tileHeight); grass = tileSheet.getSprite(0, 0); dirt = tileSheet.getSprite(7, 7); fence = tileSheet.getSprite(2, 0); mound = tileSheet.getSprite(2, 6); tiles[0] = grass; tiles[1] = dirt; tiles[2] = fence; tiles[3] = mound; int x=0, y=0; BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("assets/map.dat")); String line; while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { String[] values = line.split(","); for (String str : values) { int str_int = Integer.parseInt(str); map[x][y]=str_int; //System.out.print(map[x][y] + " "); y=y+1; } //System.out.println(""); x=x+1; y = 0; } in.close(); } public void update(GameContainer gc) { } public void render(GameContainer gc) { for(int x = 0; x < map.length; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < map.length; y ++) { int textureIndex = map[y][x]; Image texture = tiles[textureIndex]; texture.draw(x*tileWidth,y*tileHeight); } } } Mouse picking public void checkDistance(GameContainer gc) { Input input = gc.getInput(); float mouseX = input.getMouseX(); float mouseY = input.getMouseY(); double mousetileX = Math.floor((double)mouseX/tiles.tileWidth); double mousetileY = Math.floor((double)mouseY/tiles.tileHeight); double playertileX = Math.floor(playerX/tiles.tileWidth); double playertileY = Math.floor(playerY/tiles.tileHeight); double lengthX = Math.abs((float)playertileX - mousetileX); double lengthY = Math.abs((float)playertileY - mousetileY); double distance = Math.sqrt((lengthX*lengthX)+(lengthY*lengthY)); if(input.isMousePressed(Input.MOUSE_LEFT_BUTTON) && distance < 4) { System.out.println("Clicked"); if(tiles.map[(int)mousetileX][(int)mousetileY] == 1) { tiles.map[(int)mousetileX][(int)mousetileY] = 0; } } System.out.println(tiles.map[(int)mousetileX][(int)mousetileY]); }

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  • Where should i organize my matrices in a 3D Game engine?

    - by Need4Sleep
    I'm working with a group of people from around the world to create a game engine(and hopefully a game with it) within the next upcoming years. My first task was writing a camera class for the engine to use in order to add cameras to the scene, position and follow points in the scene. The problem i have is with using matrices for transformations in the class, should i keep matrices separate to each class? such as have the model matrix in the model class, camera matrix in the camera class, or have all matrices placed in one class/chuck? I could see pros and cons for each method, but i wanted to hear some input form a more professional standpoint.

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  • SDL_BlitSurface segmentation fault (surfaces aren't null)

    - by Trollkemada
    My app is crashing on SDL_BlitSurface() and i can't figure out why. I think it has something to do with my static object. If you read the code you'll why I think so. This happens when the limits of the map are reached, i.e. (iwidth || jheight). This is the code: Map.cpp (this render) Tile const * Map::getTyle(int i, int j) const { if (i >= 0 && j >= 0 && i < width && j < height) { return data[i][j]; } else { return &Tile::ERROR_TYLE; // This makes SDL_BlitSurface (called later) crash //return new Tile(TileType::ERROR); // This works with not problem (but is memory leak, of course) } } void Map::render(int x, int y, int width, int height) const { //DEBUG("(Rendering...) x: "<<x<<", y: "<<y<<", width: "<<width<<", height: "<<height); int firstI = x / TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; int firstJ = y / TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; int lastI = (x+width) / TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; int lastJ = (y+height) / TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; // The previous integer division rounds down when dealing with positive values, but it rounds up // negative values. This is a fix for that (We need those values always rounded down) if (firstI < 0) { firstI--; } if (firstJ < 0) { firstJ--; } const int firstX = x; const int firstY = y; SDL_Rect srcRect; SDL_Rect dstRect; for (int i=firstI; i <= lastI; i++) { for (int j=firstJ; j <= lastJ; j++) { if (i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE < x) { srcRect.x = x % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; srcRect.w = TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - (x % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE); dstRect.x = i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE + (x % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE) - firstX; } else if (i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE >= x + width) { srcRect.x = 0; srcRect.w = x % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; dstRect.x = i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - firstX; } else { srcRect.x = 0; srcRect.w = TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; dstRect.x = i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - firstX; } if (j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE < y) { srcRect.y = 0; srcRect.h = TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - (y % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE); dstRect.y = j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE + (y % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE) - firstY; } else if (j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE >= y + height) { srcRect.y = y % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; srcRect.h = y % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; dstRect.y = j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - firstY; } else { srcRect.y = 0; srcRect.h = TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; dstRect.y = j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - firstY; } SDL::YtoSDL(dstRect.y, srcRect.h); SDL_BlitSurface(getTyle(i,j)->getType()->getSurface(), &srcRect, SDL::getScreen(), &dstRect); // <-- Crash HERE /*DEBUG("i = "<<i<<", j = "<<j); DEBUG("srcRect.x = "<<srcRect.x<<", srcRect.y = "<<srcRect.y<<", srcRect.w = "<<srcRect.w<<", srcRect.h = "<<srcRect.h); DEBUG("dstRect.x = "<<dstRect.x<<", dstRect.y = "<<dstRect.y);*/ } } } Tile.h #ifndef TILE_H #define TILE_H #include "TileType.h" class Tile { private: TileType const * type; public: static const Tile ERROR_TYLE; Tile(TileType const * t); ~Tile(); TileType const * getType() const; }; #endif Tile.cpp #include "Tile.h" const Tile Tile::ERROR_TYLE(TileType::ERROR); Tile::Tile(TileType const * t) : type(t) {} Tile::~Tile() {} TileType const * Tile::getType() const { return type; } TileType.h #ifndef TILETYPE_H #define TILETYPE_H #include "SDL.h" #include "DEBUG.h" class TileType { protected: TileType(); ~TileType(); public: static const int PIXEL_PER_TILE = 30; static const TileType * ERROR; static const TileType * AIR; static const TileType * SOLID; virtual SDL_Surface * getSurface() const = 0; virtual bool isSolid(int x, int y) const = 0; }; #endif ErrorTyle.h #ifndef ERRORTILE_H #define ERRORTILE_H #include "TileType.h" class ErrorTile : public TileType { friend class TileType; private: ErrorTile(); mutable SDL_Surface * surface; static const char * FILE_PATH; public: SDL_Surface * getSurface() const; bool isSolid(int x, int y) const ; }; #endif ErrorTyle.cpp (The surface can't be loaded when building the object, because it is a static object and SDL_Init() needs to be called first) #include "ErrorTile.h" const char * ErrorTile::FILE_PATH = ("C:\\error.bmp"); ErrorTile::ErrorTile() : TileType(), surface(NULL) {} SDL_Surface * ErrorTile::getSurface() const { if (surface == NULL) { if (SDL::isOn()) { surface = SDL::loadAndOptimice(ErrorTile::FILE_PATH); if (surface->w != TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE || surface->h != TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE) { WARNING("Bad tile surface size"); } } else { ERROR("Trying to load a surface, but SDL is not on"); } } if (surface == NULL) { // This if doesn't get called, so surface != NULL ERROR("WTF? Can't load surface :\\"); } return surface; } bool ErrorTile::isSolid(int x, int y) const { return true; }

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  • How to correctly export UV coordinates from Blender

    - by KlashnikovKid
    Alright, so I'm just now getting around to texturing some assets. After much trial and error I feel I'm pretty good at UV unwrapping now and my work looks good in Blender. However, either I'm using the UV data incorrectly (I really doubt it) or Blender doesn't seem to export the correct UV coordinates into the obj file because the texture is mapped differently in my game engine. And in Blender I've played with the texture panel and it's mapping options and have noticed it doesn't appear to affect the exported obj file's uv coordinates. So I guess my question is, is there something I need to do prior to exporting in order to bake the correct UV coordinates into the obj file? Or something else that needs to be done to massage the texture coordinates for sampling. Or any thoughts at all of what could be going wrong? (Also here is a screen shot of my diffused texture in blender and the game engine. As you can see in the image, I have the same problem with a simple test cube not getting correct uv's either) http://www.digitalinception.net/blenderSS.png http://www.digitalinception.net/gameSS.png

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  • How do I apply skeletal animation from a .x (Direct X) file?

    - by Byte56
    Using the .x format to export a model from Blender, I can load a mesh, armature and animation. I have no problems generating the mesh and viewing models in game. Additionally, I have animations and the armature properly loaded into appropriate data structures. My problem is properly applying the animation to the models. I have the framework for applying the models and the code for selecting animations and stepping through frames. From what I understand, the AnimationKeys inside the AnimationSet supplies the transformations to transform the bind pose to the pose in the animated frame. As small example: Animation { {Armature_001_Bone} AnimationKey { 2; //Position 121; //number of frames 0;3; 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000;;, 1;3; 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.005524;;, 2;3; 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.022217;;, ... } AnimationKey { 0; //Quaternion Rotation 121; 0;4; -0.707107, 0.707107, 0.000000, 0.000000;;, 1;4; -0.697332, 0.697332, 0.015710, 0.015710;;, 2;4; -0.684805, 0.684805, 0.035442, 0.035442;;, ... } AnimationKey { 1; //Scale 121; 0;3; 1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000;;, 1;3; 1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000;;, 2;3; 1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000;;, ... } } So, to apply frame 2, I would take the position, rotation and scale from frame 2, create a transformation matrix (call it Transform_A) from them and apply that matrix the vertices controlled by Armature_001_Bone at their weights. So I'd stuff TransformA into my shader and transform the vertex. Something like: vertexPos = vertexPos * bones[ int(bfs_BoneIndices.x) ] * bfs_BoneWeights.x; Where bfs_BoneIndices and bfs_BoneWeights are values specific to the current vertex. When loading in the mesh vertices, I transform them by the rootTransform and the meshTransform. This ensures they're oriented and scaled correctly for viewing the bind pose. The problem is when I create that transformation matrix (using the position, rotation and scale from the animation), it doesn't properly transform the vertex. There's likely more to it than just using the animation data. I also tried applying the bone transform hierarchies, still no dice. Basically I end up with some twisted models. It should also be noted that I'm working in openGL, so any matrix transposes that might need to be applied should be considered. What data do I need and how do I combine it for applying .x animations to models?

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  • Resultant Vector Algorithm for 2D Collisions

    - by John
    I am making a Pong based game where a puck hits a paddle and bounces off. Both the puck and the paddles are Circles. I came up with an algorithm to calculate the resultant vector of the puck once it meets a paddle. The game seems to function correctly but I'm not entirely sure my algorithm is correct. Here are my variables for the algorithm: Given: velocity = the magnitude of the initial velocity of the puck before the collision x = the x coordinate of the puck y = the y coordinate of the puck moveX = the horizontal speed of the puck moveY = the vertical speed of the puck otherX = the x coordinate of the paddle otherY = the y coordinate of the paddle piece.horizontalMomentum = the horizontal speed of the paddle before it hits the puck piece.verticalMomentum = the vertical speed of the paddle before it hits the puck slope = the direction, in radians, of the puck's velocity distX = the horizontal distance between the center of the puck and the center of the paddle distY = the vertical distance between the center of the puck and the center of the paddle Algorithm solves for: impactAngle = the angle, in radians, of the angle of impact. newSpeedX = the speed of the resultant vector in the X direction newSpeedY = the speed of the resultant vector in the Y direction Here is the code for my algorithm: int otherX = piece.x; int otherY = piece.y; double velocity = Math.sqrt((moveX * moveX) + (moveY * moveY)); double slope = Math.atan(moveX / moveY); int distX = x - otherX; int distY = y - otherY; double impactAngle = Math.atan(distX / distY); double newAngle = impactAngle + slope; int newSpeedX = (int)(velocity * Math.sin(newAngle)) + piece.horizontalMomentum; int newSpeedY = (int)(velocity * Math.cos(newAngle)) + piece.verticalMomentum; for those who are not program savvy here is it simplified: velocity = v(moveX² + moveY²) slope = arctan(moveX / moveY) distX = x - otherX distY = y - otherY impactAngle = arctan(distX / distY) newAngle = impactAngle + slope newSpeedX = velocity * sin(newAngle) + piece.horizontalMomentum newSpeedY = velocity * cos(newAngle) + piece.verticalMomentum My Question: Is this algorithm correct? Is there an easier/simpler way to do what I'm trying to do?

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  • map data structure in pacman

    - by Sam Fisher
    i am trying to make a pacman game in c# using GDI+, i have done some basic work and i have previously replicated games like copter-it and minesweeper. but i am confused about how do i implement the map in pacman, i mean which datastructure to use, so i can use it for moving AI controlled objects and check collisions with walls. i thought of a 2d array of ints but that didnt make sense to me. looking for some help. thanks.

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  • What is wrong with my specular phong shading

    - by Thijser
    I'm sorry if this should be placed on stackoverflow instead however seeing as this is graphics related I was hoping you guys could help me: I'm attempting to write a phong shader and currently working on the specular. I came acros the following formula: base*pow(dot(V,R),shininess) and attempted to implement it (V is the posion of the viewer and R the reflective vector). This gave the following result and code: Vec3Df phongSpecular(const Vec3Df & vertexPos, Vec3Df & normal, const Vec3Df & lightPos, const Vec3Df & cameraPos, unsigned int index) { Vec3Df relativeLightPos=(lightPos-vertexPos); relativeLightPos.normalize(); Vec3Df relativeCameraPos= (cameraPos-vertexPos); relativeCameraPos.normalize(); int DotOfNormalAndLight = Vec3Df::dotProduct(normal,relativeLightPos); Vec3Df reflective =(relativeLightPos-(2*DotOfNormalAndLight*normal))*-1; reflective.normalize(); float phongyness= Vec3Df::dotProduct(reflective,relativeCameraPos); if (phongyness<0){ phongyness=0; } float shininess= Shininess[index]; float speculair = powf(phongyness,shininess); return Ks[index]*speculair; } I'm looking for something more like this:

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  • How can I apply different actions to different parts of a 2D character?

    - by Praveen Sharath
    I am developing a 2D platform game in Java. The player has a gun in his hand every time. He needs to walk and shoot with the gun(arrow keys for walk and X key to shoot). The walk cycle takes 6 frames and i am able to import the sprite sheet and animate the sequence when I press arrow key. But i need to add the gun motion. The player holds the gun upwards and when X key is pressed he brings it straight and shoots. How to implement the walk + shoot action?

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  • How do I determine the draw order in an isometric view flash game?

    - by Gajet
    This is for a flash game, with isometric view. I need to know how to sort object so that there is no need for z-buffer checking when drawing. This might seem easy but there is another restriction, a scene can have 10,000+ objects so the algorithm needs to be run in less than O(n^2). All objects are rectangular boxes, and there are 3-4 objects moving in the scene. What's the best way to do this? UPDATE in each tile there is only object (I mean objects can stack on top of each other). and we access to both map of Objects and Objects have their own position.

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