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  • Attributes and Behaviours in game object design

    - by Brukwa
    Recently I have read interesting slides about game object design written by Marcin Chady Theory and Practice of the Game Object Component Architecture. I have prototyped quick sample that utilize all Attributes\Behaviour idea with some sample data. Now I have faced a little problem when I added a RenderingSystem to my prototype application. I have created an object with RenderBehaviour which listens for messages (OnMessage function) like MovedObject in order to mark them as invalid and in OnUpdate pass I am inserting a new renderable object to rederer queue. I have noticed that rendering updates should be the last thing made in single frame and this causes RenderBehaviour to depend on any other Behaviour that changes object position (i.ex. PhysicsSystem and PhysicsBehaviour). I am not even sure if I am doing this the way it should be. Do you have any clues that might put me on the right track?

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  • Changing the rendering resolution while maintaining the design layout

    - by Coyote
    I would like to increase the FPS of my project. Currently I would like to try reducing the resolution at which the scenes are rendered. Let's say I never want to draw more than 1280*720. What ever the real resolution is. How should I proceed? I tried pEGLView->setFrameSize(1280, 720); but only reduces the displayed size of the frame on screen (boxing). In my activity I tried setting the size of the "surface" but this seems to completely break the layout (as defined by setDesignResolutionSize). @Override public Cocos2dxGLSurfaceView onCreateView() { Cocos2dxGLSurfaceView surfaceView = new Cocos2dxGLSurfaceView(this); surfaceView.getHolder().setFixedSize(1280, 720); return surfaceView; } Is there a way to simply change the rendered

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  • Audio programming resources

    - by rashleighp
    I've been very interested in the last few months about getting in to audio programming (I'm from a musical background). I've been a .NET developer for two years and have also done some objective c for an iPhone app recently. I realise I would probably need to work on my C++ chops and have been having a play around with FMOD EX and doing a lot of research into the industry. I was just wondering if anyone could suggest some good resources for audio programming (be they websites, podcasts, books, videos, online courses etc). Anything from Fourier analysis, low level coding, audio engine creation to audio APIs. I just want to learn as much as possible! Thanks in advance.

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  • Reflection velocity

    - by MindSeeker
    I'm trying to get a moving circular object to bounce (elastically) off of an immovable circular object. Am I doing this right? (The results look right, but I hate to trust that alone, and I can't find a tutorial that tackles this problem and includes the nitty gritty math/code to verify what I'm doing). If it is right, is there a better/faster/more elegant way to do this? Note that the object (this) is the moving circle, and the EntPointer object is the immovable circle. //take vector separating the two centers <x, y>, and then get unit vector of the result: MathVector2d unitnormal = MathVector2d(this -> Retxpos() - EntPointer -> Retxpos(), this -> Retypos() - EntPointer -> Retypos()).UnitVector(); //take tangent <-y, x> of the unitnormal: MathVector2d unittangent = MathVector2d(-unitnormal.ycomp, unitnormal.xcomp); MathVector2d V1 = MathVector2d(this -> Retxvel(), this -> Retyvel()); //Calculate the normal and tangent vector lengths of the velocity: (the normal changes, the tangent stays the same) double LengthNormal = DotProduct(unitnormal, V1); double LengthTangent = DotProduct(unittangent, V1); MathVector2d VelVecNewNormal = unitnormal.ScalarMultiplication(-LengthNormal); //the negative of what it was before MathVector2d VelVecNewTangent = unittangent.ScalarMultiplication(LengthTangent); //this stays the same MathVector2d NewVel = VectorAddition(VelVecNewNormal, VelVecNewTangent); //combine them xvel = NewVel.xcomp; //and then apply them yvel = NewVel.ycomp; Note also that this question is just about velocity, the position code is handled elsewhere (in other words, assume that this code is implemented at the exact moment that the circles begin to overlap). Thanks in advance for your help and time!

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  • Why are MVC & TDD not employed more in game architecture?

    - by secoif
    I will preface this by saying I haven't looked a huge amount of game source, nor built much in the way of games. But coming from trying to employ 'enterprise' coding practices in web apps, looking at game source code seriously hurts my head: "What is this view logic doing in with business logic? this needs refactoring... so does this, refactor, refactorrr" This worries me as I'm about to start a game project, and I'm not sure whether trying to mvc/tdd the dev process is going to hinder us or help us, as I don't see many game examples that use this or much push for better architectural practices it in the community. The following is an extract from a great article on prototyping games, though to me it seemed exactly the attitude many game devs seem to use when writing production game code: Mistake #4: Building a system, not a game ...if you ever find yourself working on something that isn’t directly moving your forward, stop right there. As programmers, we have a tendency to try to generalize our code, and make it elegant and be able to handle every situation. We find that an itch terribly hard not scratch, but we need to learn how. It took me many years to realize that it’s not about the code, it’s about the game you ship in the end. Don’t write an elegant game component system, skip the editor completely and hardwire the state in code, avoid the data-driven, self-parsing, XML craziness, and just code the damned thing. ... Just get stuff on the screen as quickly as you can. And don’t ever, ever, use the argument “if we take some extra time and do this the right way, we can reuse it in the game”. EVER. is it because games are (mostly) visually oriented so it makes sense that the code will be weighted heavily in the view, thus any benefits from moving stuff out to models/controllers, is fairly minimal, so why bother? I've heard the argument that MVC introduces a performance overhead, but this seems to me to be a premature optimisation, and that there'd more important performance issues to tackle before you worry about MVC overheads (eg render pipeline, AI algorithms, datastructure traversal, etc). Same thing regarding TDD. It's not often I see games employing test cases, but perhaps this is due to the design issues above (mixed view/business) and the fact that it's difficult to test visual components, or components that rely on probablistic results (eg operate within physics simulations). Perhaps I'm just looking at the wrong source code, but why do we not see more of these 'enterprise' practices employed in game design? Are games really so different in their requirements, or is a people/culture issue (ie game devs come from a different background and thus have different coding habits)?

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  • Phone complains that identical GLSL struct definition differs in vert/frag programs

    - by stephelton
    When I provide the following struct definition in linked frag and vert shaders, my phone (Samsung Vibrant / Android 2.2) complains that the definition differs. struct Light { mediump vec3 _position; lowp vec4 _ambient; lowp vec4 _diffuse; lowp vec4 _specular; bool _isDirectional; mediump vec3 _attenuation; // constant, linear, and quadratic components }; uniform Light u_light; I know the struct is identical because its included from another file. These shaders work on a linux implementation and on my Android 3.0 tablet. Both shaders declare "precision mediump float;" The exact error is: Uniform variable u_light type/precision does not match in vertex and fragment shader Am I doing anything wrong here, or is my phone's implementation broken? Any advice (other than file a bug report?)

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  • How can I support scrolling when using batched rendering for my tiles?

    - by dardanel
    I have tiled map 100*75 and tiles are 32*32 pixel.I want to use batching for performance .I don't figure it out , because of my game needs scrolling and every frame i draw 22*16 tiles (my screen is 20*16 tile) .I thought that batching tiles for every frame .Is it good or any suggestion? edit :to more clarify I want to use occlusion culling and batching at the same time.I thought that drawing only visible areas and batching them together .But there is a something i couldn't figure out .When scrolling screen with translate matrix , if one row become invisible , I bind new row and batch them again.Every batched objects needs to buffer again.So I batch tiles and buffer to VBO every time when one row become invisible .I don't know these way is efficient or not .This is my question .And i am open to any suggestions.

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  • Space Invaders-type game: Keeping the enemies aligned with each other as they turn around?

    - by CorundumGames
    OK, so here's the lowdown of the problem I'm trying to solve. I'm developing a game in PyGame that's a cross between Space Invaders and Columns. I'm trying to make the motion of the enemies similar to that of the aliens in Space Invaders; that is, they're all clustered in a grid, and if even one hits the side of the screen, the entire formation moves down and turns around. However, the motion of these aliens is continuous (as continuous as a monitor can be, anyway), not on a discrete grid like in the original. The enemies are instances of an Enemy class, and in turn they're held by a 2D array in a enemysquadron module (which, if you don't use Python, is in this case essentially a singleton due to the way Python modules work). Inside the Enemy class I have a class-scope velocity vector that is reversed every time an Enemy object touches the edge of the screen. This won't do, though, because as time goes on the enemies just become disorganized and jumbled (i.e. not in a grid as planned). I haven't implemented the Enemies going downward yet, so let's not worry about that right now. Any tips?

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  • XNA Monogame GameState Management not deserilaizing

    - by Pectus Excavatum
    I am having some trouble serializing/deserializing in a little game I am doing to teach myself monogame. Basically, I am using the gamestatemnanagement resources common to monogame (screen manager etc). Then I am serializing my screen manager component and all associated screens in the OnDeactivated method: protected override void OnDeactivated(Object sender, EventArgs args) { foreach (GameplayScreen screen in mScreenManager.GetScreens()) { DataManager.SaveData(screen.Level.LevelData); } mScreenManager.SerializeState(); } The Save data bit is to do with something else. Then I then override OnActivated to de serialize protected override void OnActivated(Object sender, EventArgs args) { //System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("here activating"); mScreenManager.DeserializeState(); } However, when this runs it just loads a blank screen - it goes into the game initialize and the game draw method, but doesnt go down into the screens initialize or draw methods. I have no idea why this might be - any help would be greatly appreciated. I am not the only one who has encountered this - I found this post also - https://monogame.codeplex.com/discussions/391117

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  • How can I create a VBO of a type determined at runtime?

    - by lapin
    I've written a Vbo template class to work with OpenGL. I'd like to set the type from a config file at runtime. For example: <vbo type="bump_vt" ... /> Vbo* pVbo = new Vbo(bump_vt, ...); Is there some way I can do this without a large if-else block such as: if( sType.compareTo("bump_vt") == 0 ) Vbo* pVbo = new Vbo(bump_vt, ...); else if ... I'm writing for multiple platforms in C++.

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  • Input prediction and server re-simultaion

    - by Lope
    I have read plenty of articles about multiplayer principles and I have basic client-server system set up. There is however one thing I am not clear on. When player enters input, it is sent to the server and steps back in time to check if what should have happened at the time of that input and it resimulates the world again. So far everything's clear. All articles took shooting as an example, because it is easy to explain and it is pretty straightforward, but I believe movement is more complicated. Imagine following situation: 2 players move towards each other. A------<------B Player A stops halfway towards the collision point, but there is lag spike so the command does not arrive on the server for a second or so. Current state of the world on the server (and on the other clients as well) at the time when input arrives is this: [1]: -------AB------- The command arrives and we go back in time and re-simulate the world, the result is this: [2]: ---AB----------- Player A sees situation [2] which is correct, but the player is suddenly teleported from the position in [1] (center) to the position in [2]. Is this how this is supposed to work? Point of the client prediction is to give lagged player feeling that everything is smooth, not to ruin experience for other players. Alternative is to discard timestamp on the player's input and handle it when it arrives on the server without going back in time. This, however, creates even more severe problems for lagged player (even if he is lagging just a bit)

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  • What data-structure/algorithm will allow me to send a list of key/value dictionaries using the least amount of bits?

    - by user12365
    I have server objects that have corresponding client objects. The data to be kept in sync is inside the server object's key/value dictionary. To keep the client objects in sync with the sever objects, I want the server to send the key/value dictionary every frame for each object. What data-structure/algorithm will allow me to send a list of key/value dictionaries using the least amount of bits? Bonus constraint 1: For each type of object, the values of some keys change more often than others. Bonus constraint 2: Memory usage on the server side is relatively expensive.

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  • How do you prevent inflation in a virtual economy?

    - by Tetrad
    With your typical MMORPG, players can usually farm the world for raw materials essentially forever. Monsters/mineral veins/etc are usually on some sort of respawn timer, so other than time there really isn't a good way to limit the amount of new currency entering the system. That really only leaves money sinks to try to take money out of the system. What are some strategies to prevent inflation of the in-game currency?

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  • Frame rate on one of two machines running same code seems to be capped at 60 for no reason

    - by dennmat
    ISSUE I recently moved a project from my laptop to my desktop(machine info below). On my laptop the exact same code displays the fps(and ms/f) correctly. On my desktop it does not. What I mean by this is on the laptop it will display 300 fps(for example) where on my desktop it will show only up to 60. If I add 100 objects to the game on the laptop I'll see my frame rate drop accordingly; the same test on the desktop results in no change and the frames stay at 60. It takes a lot(~300) entities before I'll see a frame drop on the desktop, then it will descend. It seems as though its "theoretical" frames would be 400 or 500 but will never actually get to that and only do 60 until there's too much to handle at 60. This 60 frame cap is coming from no where. I'm not doing any frame limiting myself. It seems like something external is limiting my loop iterations on the desktop, but for the last couple days I've been scratching my head trying to figure out how to debug this. SETUPS Desktop: Visual Studio Express 2012 Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit Laptop: Visual Studio Express 2010 Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit The libraries(allegro, box2d) are the same versions on both setups. CODE Main Loop: while(!abort) { frameTime = al_get_time(); if (frameTime - lastTime >= 1.0) { lastFps = fps/(frameTime - lastTime); lastTime = frameTime; avgMspf = cumMspf/fps; cumMspf = 0.0; fps = 0; } /** DRAWING/UPDATE CODE **/ fps++; cumMspf += al_get_time() - frameTime; } Note: There is no blocking code in the loop at any point. Where I'm at My understanding of al_get_time() is that it can return different resolutions depending on the system. However the resolution is never worse than seconds, and the double is represented as [seconds].[finer-resolution] and seeing as I'm only checking for a whole second al_get_time() shouldn't be responsible. My project settings and compiler options are the same. And I promise its the same code on both machines. My googling really didn't help me much, and although technically it's not that big of a deal. I'd really like to figure this out or perhaps have it explained, whichever comes first. Even just an idea of how to go about figuring out possible causes, because I'm out of ideas. Any help at all is greatly appreciated.

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  • 3D open source physics engine suitable for mobile platforms (Android and iOS)

    - by lukeluke
    I have made some research and found that bullet, ode, newton and some others are open source physics engines that should be portable enough (but I have never tried to comile/use anyone of them on phones). I am writing my games for mobile platforms in C++, so the engine should be C or C++. I need a fast engine, since mobile platforms have limited resources. I need a free engine. A good design would be nice to have too. What engine is best suited for my task? What I really would like to hear from you is your direct experience. Documentation and support (for example, forum or an IRC channel) is a really important aspect to take into consideration.

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  • Box2D random crash when adding joints

    - by user46624
    I'm currently working on a project which uses Box2D, when the player uses a certain key it should anchor to the ground. For that I use a weld joint, but when I add the joint the game will sometimes crash, it has a 1/10 change to crash. The error I recieve: Showing the controller Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 11 at org.jbox2d.dynamics.Island.add(Island.java:577) at org.jbox2d.dynamics.World.solve(World.java:1073) at org.jbox2d.dynamics.World.step(World.java:598) The code for adding the joints: WeldJointDef def = new WeldJointDef(); def.initialize(body, anchoredObject.body, body.getWorldCenter()); weldJoint = (WeldJoint) world.createJoint(def); I still get the error if I synchronize it

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  • How many VBOs should I use and should I keep a copy of their data?

    - by CSharpie
    Firstofall, I am sorry if my question is to broad. I am developing a tile based game and switched from those gl.Begin calls to using VBOs. This is kind of working allready, I managed to render a hexagonal polygon with a simple shader applied. What I am not sure is, how to implement the "whole" tile concept. Concrete the questions are: Is it better to create 1 VBO for a single tile and render it n-Times in every different position, or render one huge VBO that represents the whole "world" Depending on the answer above, what is the best way to draw a "linegrid". Overlay with the same vbo using the respecting polygon.mode , or is there a way to let the shader to this? How would frustum-culling or mousepicking work then, do i need to keep the VBO-data in memory?

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  • Cannot create a neutral unit with a trigger

    - by Xitcod13
    I've been playing around with the starcraft UMS (Use map settings) for a while and usually i figure things out pretty quickly when im stuck. Alas not this time. I'm trying to place a neutral unit (player 12) using a trigger. It refuses to work. I'm using Scmdraft 2.0 as my editor (but i cant get it to work in other editors either) (all neutral units placed before the game starts are visible and all other triggers work fine. Also i created a text msg and it does displays it in-game so the trigger triggers ) For testing I created a trigger that looks like this: Player: neutral (i tried neutral players player 1 and all players as well) Condition: -always Action: -Create *1 Terran Medic* at '*location 022*' for *Neutral* (also tried neutral players) When I start the game nothing happens. Here is what I tried: I tried placing a start location for neutral player (player 12) I tried changing the owner under map properties of player 12 to neutral and computer from unused which was the default. Although it seems like it should be a common enough problem, I don't see it in any FAQ and I cant find anything about it when I Google it. Thanks in advance.

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  • Bukkit send a custom placed name plate?

    - by HcgRandon
    Hello i have been working on a part of my plugin that has waypoints allowing the user to create delete etc. I got to thinking after using and seeing a couple of the disguse plugins. That maybe i could create a command toggle that would show the user where the waypoints they have are! I know how to do all of this i just have no idea how to display a nameplate to the client. I know its possible because disguisecraft does it i tried looking though their code but couldent find much... I belive to get this effect i need to send packets to the client if someone can direct me to a list of bukkit packets or even a solution to sending the client a custom located nameplate that would be fantastic! Thanks in advanced.

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  • When to use Euler vs Axis angles vs Quaternions?

    - by manning18
    I understand the theory behind each but I was wondering if people could share their experiences in when one would use one over the other For instance, if you were implementing a chase camera, a FPS-style mouse look or writing some kinematic routine, what would be the factors you consider to go with one type over the other and when might you need to convert from one form of representation to the other? Are there certain things that only one system can do that the others can't? (eg smooth interpolation with quaternions)

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  • Enabling and Disabling Colliders Unity

    - by Blue
    I'm trying to make the collider appear every 1 second. But I can't get the code write. I tried enabling the collider under a boolean and putting a yield to make it every second or so. But it's not working(gives me an error: Update() can not be a coroutine.). How would I fix this? Would I need a timer system and set the collider to be enabled every 'x' seconds and disabled every 'y' seconds? var waitTime : float = 1; var trigger : boolean = false; function Update () { if(!trigger){ collider.enabled = false; yield WaitForSeconds(waitTime); } if(trigger){ collider.enabled = true; yield WaitForSeconds(waitTime); } } }

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  • Android Activity access Unity Classes

    - by Anomaly
    I have made my own C# classes in Unity, is there any way I can access these classes from the Android Activity that starts the UnityPlayer? Example: I have a C# class called testClass in Unity: class testClass{ public static string myString="test string"; } From the Android activity in Java I want to access that class: string str=testClass.myString; Is this possible? If so, how? Or is there some other way to do this? In the end I basically want to communicate between my Android activity and the UnityPlayer object. Thanks in advance. EDIT: Ok so I looked at building Android plugins for Unity but this wasn't satisfactory to me. I ended up building a socket client-server interface in Unity with C# and another one in Java for the Android app: So Unity listens on port X and broadcasts on port Y The Android activity listens on port Y and broadcasts on port X This is necessary as both interfaces are running on the same host. So that's how I solved my problem, but I'm open for any suggestions if anyone knows a better way of communicating between the Unityplayer and your app.

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  • Drawing a line using openGL does not work

    - by vikasm
    I am a beginner in OpenGL and tried to write my first program to draw some points and a line. I can see that the window opens with white background but no line is drawn. I was expecting to see red colored (because glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);) dots (pixels) and line. But nothing is seen. Here is my code. void init2D(float r, float g, float b) { glClearColor(r,g,b,0.0); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); gluOrtho2D(0.0, 200.0, 0.0, 150.0); } void display() { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); glBegin(GL_POINTS); for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { glVertex2i(10+5*i, 110); } glEnd(); //draw a line glBegin(GL_LINES); glVertex2i(10,10); glVertex2i(100,100); glEnd(); glFlush(); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { //Initialize Glut glutInit(&argc, argv); //setup some memory buffers for our display glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB); //set the window size glutInitWindowSize(500, 500); //create the window with the title 'points and lines' glutCreateWindow("Points and Lines"); init2D(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutMainLoop(); } I wanted to verify that the glcontext was opening properly and used this code: int main(int argc, char **argv) { glutInit(&argc, argv); //setup some memory buffers for our display glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB); //set the window size glutInitWindowSize(500, 500); //create the window with the title 'points and lines' glutCreateWindow("Points and Lines"); char *GL_version=(char *)glGetString(GL_VERSION); puts(GL_version); char *GL_vendor=(char *)glGetString(GL_VENDOR); puts(GL_vendor); char *GL_renderer=(char *)glGetString(GL_RENDERER); puts(GL_renderer); getchar(); return 0; } And the ouput I got was: 3.1.0 - Build 8.15.10.2345 Intel Intel(R) HD Graphics Family Can someone point out what I am doing wrong ? Thanks.

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  • What are the statements in XNA?

    - by Katie Hajduk
    A hypothetical game called “AlienShooter” needs to be able to work on Windows and on the Xbox. In the Windows version, the keyboard will handle firing at alien spaceships, and this functionality is contained within a method called “KeyboardSupport()”. In the Xbox version of the game, the gamepad will be used for shooting, and this functionality is contained within a method called “GamepadSupport()”. Write the statement(s) that must be added so that the appropriate code is used in the each version of the game.

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  • Polygon is rotating too fast

    - by Manderin87
    I am going to be using a polygon collision detection method to test when objects collide. I am attempting to rotate a polygon to match the sprites rotation. However, the polygon is rotating too fast, much faster than the sprite is. I feel its a timing issue, but the sprite rotates like it is supposed to. Can anyone look at my code and tell me what could be causing this issue? public void rotate(float x0, float y0, double angle) { for(Point point : mPoints) { float x = (float) (x0 + (point.x - x0) * Math.cos(Utilities.toRadians(angle)) - (point.y - y0) * Math.sin(Utilities.toRadians(angle))); float y = (float) (y0 + (point.x - x0) * Math.sin(Utilities.toRadians(angle)) + (point.y - y0) * Math.cos(Utilities.toRadians(angle))); point.x = x; point.y = y; } } This algorithm works when done singly, but once I plug it into the update method the rotation is too fast. The Points used are: P1 608, 368 P2 640, 464 P3 672, 400 Origin x0 is: 640 400 The angle goes from 0 to 360 as the sprite rotates. When the codes executes the triangle looks like a star because its moving so fast. The rotation is done in the sprites update method. The rotation method just increases the sprites degree by .5 when it executes. public void update() { if(isActive()) { rotate(); mBounding.rotate(mPosition.x, mPosition.y, mDegree); } }

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