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• How do I apply 2 rotations about different points to a single primitive using OpenGL

  - by Fenoec

  I'm working on a 2D top-down shooter game that has a rotation feature like Realm Of The Mad God such that if you press e the camera rotates around the character in a clockwise direction and q rotates the camera around the character in a counterclockwise direction. I have this working with my floors and walls by translating to the character, doing the screen rotation, and drawing everything with the character as the origin. The problem arises when I shoot projectiles which need to both rotate around the character and rotate around themselves (shooting uses the mouse cursor so I can shoot at any angle). For example, if the screen is not rotated and I'm shooting rectangular projectiles, I want them to face in the direction I'm shooting (rotation around themselves). However if I only do this rotation, when I then rotate the screen the projectiles will always shoot at the same position because my cursor position does not change. Therefore I need to also either rotate the projectiles around the character or rotate the mouse cursor position to get the correct position (which would then totally screw up all of the collision detection). Likewise if I only do the screen rotation on projectiles, the rectangles will always be facing the same way and they would only look correct if I were shooting straight up or straight down. So my question is, how can I perform 2 rotations on a primitive around 2 different points? The only way I can think of is to translate to the character and do the screen rotation, then somehow calculate the translation required to move back to the middle of the projectile (seeing as how my axes are now rotated) and do its rotation. Or am I thinking about this in the wrong way and there is a different solution to accomplishing this effect?

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• What are the factors that determine the default frequency of a shader call?

  - by user827992

  After i have been played for some days with various vertex and fragments shaders seems clear to me that this programs are called by the GPU at every and each rendering cycle, the problem is that I can't really quantify this frequency and I can't tell if is based on some default values or not because I don't have a big collection of hardware right now to do extensive tests. For what i know the answer could be really trivial like "it's the same of the refresh rate of your monitor", but i would like some good answers on that to be clear on this. For instance looks really odd to me that all the techniques used to control the amount of FPS that i have seen until now uses a call for the OpenGL function glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME) to retrieve a value in ms about when the rendering started but I have to relies on the CPU to do the math. Why I can't set an FPS value in OpenGL if OpenGL clearly has a counter and a timer/clock? PS I'm referring to OpenGL 3.0+

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• How to set orthgraphic matrix for a 2d camera with zooming?

  - by MahanGM

  I'm using ID3DXSprite to draw my sprites and haven't set any kind of camera projection matrix. How to setup an orthographic projection matrix for camera in DirectX which it would be able to support zoom functionality? D3DXMATRIX orthographicMatrix; D3DXMATRIX identityMatrix; D3DXMatrixOrthoLH(&orthographicMatrix, nScreenWidth, nScreenHeight, 0.0f, 1.0f); D3DXMatrixIdentity(&identityMatrix); device->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &orthographicMatrix); device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &identityMatrix); device->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &identityMatrix); This code is for initial setup. Then, for zooming I multiply zoom factor in nScreenWidth and nScreenHeight.

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• How do I position a 2D camera in OpenGL?

  - by Elfayer

  I can't understand how the camera is working. It's a 2D game, so I'm displaying a game map from (0, 0, 0) to (mapSizeX, 0, mapSizeY). I'm initializing the camera as follow : Camera::Camera(void) : position_(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), rotation_(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f) {} void Camera::initialize(void) { glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatef(position_.x, position_.y, position_.z); gluPerspective(70.0f, 800.0f/600.0f, 1.0f, 10000.0f); gluLookAt(0.0f, 6000.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); } So the camera is looking down. I currently see the up right border of the map in the center of my window and the map expand to the down left border of my window. I would like to center the map. The logical thing to do should be to move the camera to eyeX = mapSizeX / 2 and the same for z. My map has 10 x 10 cases with CASE = 400, so I should have : gluLookAt((10 / 2) * CASE /* = 2000 */, 6000.0f, (10 / 2) * CASE /* = 2000 */, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); But that doesn't move the camera, but seems to rotate it. Am I doing something wrong? EDIT : I tried that: gluLookAt(2000.0f, 6000.0f, 0.0f, 2000.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); Which correctly moves the map in the middle of the window in width. But I can't move if correctly in height. It always returns the axis Z. When I go up, It goes down and the same for right and left. I don't see the map anymore when I do : gluLookAt(2000.0f, 6000.0f, 2000.0f, 2000.0f, 0.0f, 2000.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

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• Why is my arrow texture being drawn in odd places?

  - by tyjkenn

  This is a script I wrote that places an arrow on the screen, pointing to an enemy off-screen, or, if the enemy is on-screen, it places an arrow hovering above the enemy. Everything seems to work, except for some odd reason, I see random arrows floating around, often skewed and resized (which I really don't understand, because I only rotate and place in this script). Even when I only have one enemy in the scene, I still see these random arrows. It should only be drawing one per enemy. Note: when all enemies are removed, no arrows appear. var arrow : Texture; var cam : Camera; var dim : int = 30; function OnGUI() { var objects = GameObject.FindGameObjectsWithTag("Enemy"); for(var ob : GameObject in objects) { var pos = cam.WorldToViewportPoint(ob.transform.position); if(gameObject.GetComponent(FollowCamera).target != null){ var tar = gameObject.GetComponent(FollowCamera).target.parent; } if(pos.z>1 && ob.transform != tar){ var xDiff = (pos.x*cam.pixelWidth)-(cam.pixelWidth/2); var yDiff = (pos.y*cam.pixelHeight)-(cam.pixelHeight/2); var angle = Mathf.Rad2Deg*Mathf.Atan(yDiff/xDiff)+180; if(xDiff>0) angle += 180; var dist = Mathf.Sqrt(xDiff*xDiff + yDiff*yDiff); var slope = yDiff/xDiff; var camSlope = cam.pixelHeight/cam.pixelWidth; var theX = -1000.0; var theY = -1000.0; var mult = 0; var temp; if(Mathf.Abs(xDiff)>(cam.pixelWidth/2)||Mathf.Abs(yDiff)>(cam.pixelHeight/2)){ //touching right if(slope<camSlope && slope>-camSlope) { if(xDiff>(cam.pixelWidth/2)) { theX = cam.pixelWidth - (dim/2); mult = -1; }else if(xDiff<-(cam.pixelWidth/2)) { theX = (dim/2); mult = 1; } temp = ((cam.pixelWidth/2)*yDiff)/xDiff; theY =(cam.pixelHeight/2)+(mult*temp); } else{ if(yDiff>(cam.pixelHeight/2)) { theY = (dim/2); mult = 1; }else if(yDiff<-(cam.pixelHeight/2)) { theY = cam.pixelHeight - (dim/2); mult = -1; } temp = ((cam.pixelHeight/2)*xDiff)/yDiff; theX =(cam.pixelWidth/2)+(mult*temp); } } else { angle = -90; theX = (cam.pixelWidth/2)+xDiff; theY = (cam.pixelHeight/2)-yDiff-dim; } GUIUtility.RotateAroundPivot(-angle, Vector2(theX, theY)); Graphics.DrawTexture(Rect(theX-(dim/2),theY-(dim/2),dim,dim),arrow,null); GUIUtility.RotateAroundPivot(angle, Vector2(theX, theY)); } } }

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• How to export Oracle statistics

  - by A_M

  Hi, I am writing some new SQL queries and want to check the query plans that the Oracle query optimiser would come up with in production. My development database doesn't have anything like the data volumes of the production database. How can I export database statistics from a production database and re-import them into a development database? I don't have access to the production database, so I can't simply generate explain plans on production without going through a third party hosting organisation. This is painful. So I want a local database which is in some way representative of production on which I can try out different things. Also, this is for a legacy application. I'd like to "improve" the schema, by adding appropriate indexes. constraints, etc. I need to do this in my development database first, before rolling out to test and production. If I add an index and re-generate statistics in development, then the statistics will be generated around the development data volumes, which makes it difficult to assess the impact my changes on production. Does anyone have any tips on how to deal with this? Or is it just a case of fixing unexpected behaviour once we've discovered it on production? I do have a staging database with production volumes, but again I have to go through a third party to run queries against this, which is painful. So I'm looking for ways to cut out the middle man as much as possible. All this is using Oracle 9i. Thanks.

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• Explaining Asteroids Movement code

  - by Moaz ELdeen

  I'm writing an Asteroids Atari clone, and I want to figure out how the AI for the asteroids is done. I have came across that piece of code, but I can't get what it does 100% if ((float)rand()/(float)RAND_MAX < 0.5) { m_Pos.x = -app::getWindowWidth() / 2; if ((float)rand()/(float)RAND_MAX < 0.5) m_Pos.x = app::getWindowWidth() / 2; m_Pos.y = (int) ((float)rand()/(float)RAND_MAX * app::getWindowWidth()); } else { m_Pos.x = (int) ((float)rand()/(float)RAND_MAX * app::getWindowWidth()); m_Pos.y = -app::getWindowHeight() / 2; if (rand() < 0.5) m_Pos.y = app::getWindowHeight() / 2; } m_Vel.x = (float)rand()/(float)RAND_MAX * 2; if ((float)rand()/(float)RAND_MAX < 0.5) { m_Vel.x = -m_Vel.x; } m_Vel.y =(float)rand()/(float)RAND_MAX * 2; if ((float)rand()/(float)RAND_MAX < 0.5) m_Vel.y = -m_Vel.y;

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• How to display image in second layer in Cocos2d

  - by PeterK

  I am very new at Cocos2d and is testing to displaying an image over the "Hello World" text on a second layer and need help to get it work. I guess it is some basic stuff here and appreciate any tips etc. with this. I know that if i put the display-code (myLayer1) in the "init" it work or do the call [self goHere] from the "init" in myLayer1 it works but i want to call the "goHere" directly. I have the following code: HelloWorld.m: #import "HelloWorldLayer.h" #import "myLayer1.h" // HelloWorldLayer implementation @implementation HelloWorldLayer +(CCScene *) scene { // 'scene' is an autorelease object. CCScene *scene = [CCScene node]; // 'layer' is an autorelease object. HelloWorldLayer *layer = [HelloWorldLayer node]; myLayer1 *layer1 = [myLayer1 node]; // add layer as a child to scene [scene addChild: layer]; [scene addChild: layer1]; // return the scene return scene; } // on "init" you need to initialize your instance -(id) init { // always call "super" init // Apple recommends to re-assign "self" with the "super" return value if( (self=[super init])) { // create and initialize a Label CCLabelTTF *label = [CCLabelTTF labelWithString:@"Hello World" fontName:@"Marker Felt" fontSize:64]; // ask director the the window size CGSize size = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; // position the label on the center of the screen label.position = ccp( size.width /2 , size.height/2 ); // add the label as a child to this Layer [self addChild: label]; myLayer1 *a1 = [myLayer1 new]; [a1 goHere]; [myLayer1 release]; } return self; } myLayer1.m: #import "myLayer1.h" @implementation myLayer1 -(void)goHere { NSLog(@">>>>goHere<<<<"); CGSize size = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; CCSprite *vv = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"hand.png"]; vv.position = ccp( size.width /2 , size.height/2 ); [self addChild:vv z:3]; } -(id) init { // always call "super" init // Apple recommends to re-assign "self" with the "super" return value if( (self=[super init])) { } return self; } @end

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• Tiled Editor: How is this Map Handling Collision?

  - by user2736286

  BrowserQuest map in question. From what I understand, with tiled, there are two main ways to specify collision: Create an object layer, and interpret the shapes in the engine as collision objects. Create a tiled layer, and make all tiles in the layer have a collision property, and interpret all tiles in the layer as collision objects. I'm using BrowserQuest as a big source of inspiration for my project, and I want to know how they handled collision on the level editing side. I've checked through all their layers, expecting an object layer to be handling cliff collision like: But there are no such object layers to be found. Furthermore, the tile layers containing the tiles for such cliffs have no properties at all, meaning that they didn't just specify "collision" for such tile layers. I especially need to know how they handled less rectangular shapes like: I could imagine that they are not using explicit collision layers, but instead determining collision in the actual engine, based off the presence of specific tile layer sprites. Only because BrowserQuest has whole-tile movement, and it wouldn't look too odd if a small apple, taking up only a fraction of the tile size, prevents movement over that entire tile. But I'm creating a game with more precise movement, so collision has to be tight to the apple, and I really want to know how BrowserQuest approached collision defining. If anyone knowledgeable with Tiled could take a quick look at the map, I'd appreciate it! I'm tearing my hair out here :). Thanks

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• XNA 2D Board game - trouble with the cursor

  - by Adorjan

  I just have started making a simple 2D board game using XNA, but I got stuck at the movement of the cursor. This is my problem: I have a 10x10 table on with I should use a cursor to navigate. I simply made that table with the spriteBatch.Draw() function because I couldn't do it on another way. So here is what I did with the cursor: public override void LoadContent() { ... mutato.Position = new Vector2(X, Y); //X=103, Y=107; mutato.Sebesseg = 45; ... mutato.Initialize(content.Load<Texture2D>("cursor"),mutato.Position,mutato.Sebesseg); ... } public override void HandleInput(InputState input) { if (input == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("input"); // Look up inputs for the active player profile. int playerIndex = (int)ControllingPlayer.Value; KeyboardState keyboardState = input.CurrentKeyboardStates[playerIndex]; if (input.IsPauseGame(ControllingPlayer) || gamePadDisconnected) { ScreenManager.AddScreen(new PauseMenuScreen(), ControllingPlayer); } else { // Otherwise move the player position. if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down)) { Y = (int)mutato.Position.Y + mutato.Move; } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up)) { Y = (int)mutato.Position.Y - mutato.Move; } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { X = (int)mutato.Position.X - mutato.Move; } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) { X = (int)mutato.Position.X + mutato.Move; } } } public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { mutato.Draw(spriteBatch); } Here's the cursor's (mutato) class: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; namespace Battleship.Components { class Cursor { public Texture2D Cursortexture; public Vector2 Position; public int Move; public void Initialize(Texture2D texture, Vector2 position,int move) { Cursortexture = texture; Position = position; Move = move; } public void Update() { } public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { spriteBatch.Draw(Cursortexture, Position, Color.White); } } } And here is a part of the InputState class where I think I should change something: public bool IsNewKeyPress(Keys key, PlayerIndex? controllingPlayer, out PlayerIndex playerIndex) { if (controllingPlayer.HasValue) { // Read input from the specified player. playerIndex = controllingPlayer.Value; int i = (int)playerIndex; return (CurrentKeyboardStates[i].IsKeyDown(key) && LastKeyboardStates[i].IsKeyUp(key)); } } If I leave the movement operation like this it doesn't have any sense: X = (int)mutato.Position.X - mutato.Move; However if I modify it to this: X = (int)mutato.Position.X--; it moves smoothly. Instead of this I need to move the cursor by fields (45 pixels), but I don't have any idea how to manage it.

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• Bejeweled-like game, managing different gem/powerup behaviors?

  - by Wissam

  I thought I'd ask a question and look forward to some insight from this very compelling community. In a Bejeweled-like (Match 3) game, the standard behavior once a valid swap of two adjacent tiles is made is that the resulting matching tiles are destroyed, any tiles now sitting over empty spaces fall to the position above the next present-tile, and any void created above is filled with new tiles. In richer Match-3 games like Bejeweled, 4 in a row (as opposed to just 3) modifies this behavior such that the tile that was swapped is retained, turned into a "flaming" gem, it falls, and then the empty space above is filled. The next time that "flaming gem" is played it explodes and destroys the 8 perimeter tiles, triggers a different animation sequence (neighbors of those 8 tiles being destroyed look like they've been hit by a shockwave then they fall to their respective positions). Scoring is different, the triggered sounds are different, etc. There are even more elaborate behaviors for Match5, Match-cross-pattern, and many powerups that can be purchased, each which produces a more elaborate sequence of events, sounds, animations, scoring, etc... What is the best approach to developing all these different behaviors that respond to players' "move" and her current "performance" and that deviate from the standard sequence of events, scoring, animation, sounds etc, in such a way that we can always flexibly introduce a new "powerup" ? What we are doing now is hard-coding the events of each one, but the task is long and arduous and seems like the wrong approach especially since the game-designers and testers often offer (later) valuable insight on what works better in-game, which means that the code itself may have to be re-written even for minor changes in behavior (say, destroy only 7 neighboring tiles, instead of all 8 in an explosion). ANY pointers for good practices here would be highly appreciated.

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• Creating a voxel world with 3D arrays using threads

  - by Sean M.

  I am making a voxel game (a bit like Minecraft) in C++(11), and I've come across an issue with creating a world efficiently. In my program, I have a World class, which holds a 3D array of Region class pointers. When I initialize the world, I give it a width, height, and depth so it knows how large of a world to create. Each Region is split up into a 32x32x32 area of blocks, so as you may guess, it takes a while to initialize the world once the world gets to be above 8x4x8 Regions. In order to alleviate this issue, I thought that using threads to generate different levels of the world concurrently would make it go faster. Having not used threads much before this, and being still relatively new to C++, I'm not entirely sure how to go about implementing one thread per level (level being a xz plane with a height of 1), when there is a variable number of levels. I tried this: for(int i = 0; i < height; i++) { std::thread th(std::bind(&World::load, this, width, height, depth)); th.join(); } Where load() just loads all Regions at height "height". But that executes the threads one at a time (which makes sense, looking back), and that of course takes as long as generating all Regions in one loop. I then tried: std::thread t1(std::bind(&World::load, this, w, h1, h2 - 1, d)); std::thread t2(std::bind(&World::load, this, w, h2, h3 - 1, d)); std::thread t3(std::bind(&World::load, this, w, h3, h4 - 1, d)); std::thread t4(std::bind(&World::load, this, w, h4, h - 1, d)); t1.join(); t2.join(); t3.join(); t4.join(); This works in that the world loads about 3-3.5 times faster, but this forces the height to be a multiple of 4, and it also gives the same exact VAO object to every single Region, which need individual VAOs in order to render properly. The VAO of each Region is set in the constructor, so I'm assuming that somehow the VAO number is not thread safe or something (again, unfamiliar with threads). So basically, my question is two one-part: How to I implement a variable number of threads that all execute at the same time, and force the main thread to wait for them using join() without stopping the other threads? How do I make the VAO objects thread safe, so when a bunch of Regions are being created at the same time across multiple threads, they don't all get the exact same VAO? Turns out it has to do with GL contexts not working across multiple threads. I moved the VAO/VBO creation back to the main thread. Fixed! Here is the code for block.h/.cpp, region.h/.cpp, and CVBObject.h/.cpp which controls VBOs and VAOs, in case you need it. If you need to see anything else just ask. EDIT: Also, I'd prefer not to have answers that are like "you should have used boost". I'm trying to do this without boost to get used to threads before moving onto other libraries.

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• How do I prevent a KActor from changing the orientation of its Z-Axis?

  - by Almo

  So I have an object that inherits from KActor that I would like to behave as a dynamic physics object, but I want its Z-Axis to remain upright, but very stiffly. I've tried the bStayUpright that triggers the "Stay Upright Spring". The problem is, it's a spring, and the object in question oscillates into position when I want it to remain oriented properly without wobbling. In the image above, the yellow block has fallen onto the gray box, and it is currently pivoting about the contact point as it tries to right itself. Should I be tweaking the StayUprightMaxTorque and StayUprightTorqueFactor parameters, or should I be using a Constraint of some sort?

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• Javascript A* path finding

  - by Veyha

  I am trying to learn A* path finding. I am using this library - https://github.com/qiao/PathFinding.js But there is one thing I don't understand how to do. To find a path from player.x/player.y (player.x and player.y are both 0) to 10/10 I use this code var path = finder.findPath(player.x, player.y, 10, 10, grid); This gives an array of where I need to move, but how do I apply this array to my player.x and player.y? The path structure looks like this path = [[0, 0], [1, 0], [1, 1], ..., [10, 10]]

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• Interpolation between two 3D points?

  - by meds

  I'm working with some splines which define a path a character follows (you can see a gameplay video here to get a better understanding of what's going on: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BndobjOiZ6g). Basically the characters 'forward' look direction is set to the 'forward' direction of the spline and when players tilt their phone left and right the character is strafed along its 'right' coordinate. The issue with this is (rather obviously) in performance, interpolating over a spline to find the nearest position and tangent relative to the player is an incredibly costly operation. To get by this I cache a finite number of positions in what I call 'SplineDetails', the class is as follows: public class SplineDetails { public SplineDetails() { Forward = Vector3.forward; Position = Vector3.one * float.MaxValue; Alpha = -1; } public float Alpha; // [0,1] measured along length of spline where 0 is the initial point and 1 is the end point of the spline public Vector3 Position; // the point of the spline at this alpha public Vector3 Forward; // the forward tangent of the spline at this alpha } I populate this with say 30 coordinates and I can give a rough estimate of a coordinate and 'forward' based on a position past in. It's not as accurate but it's much faster. But now I'd like to make the system work better by estimating positions and 'forward' directions by interpolating between two of the cached points though I'm stuck trying to figure out some logic. My first problem is, how can I determine between which two points the object is? Given each point can be placed at different intervals along the spline it could mean that two points in front or behind the object can be closer to the object. The other problem is to figure out the proportion between the two paths it's between, i.e. if there is a point a at coordinate (0,0,0) and point b at coordinate (1,0,0) if the object is at position (0.5,0,0) then the result it should give is '0.5' (as it is equal distance away from point a and point b). That's a simple example, but what if the object is at coordinate (0.5,3,0) for example?

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• Render angles of a 3D model into 2D images?

  - by Ricket

  Is there a tool out there that you can give a 3D model file, and it will output 2D renders of it from various angles? For example if you were making a 2D RPG but you want to make your character look nice, you might make the character in 3D and then just render the character from 8 or more angles into images which then are used by the 2D engine to give a pseudo-3D look. Does such a tool exist or will it need to be custom-written or done manually?

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• Store and create game objects at positions along terrain

  - by Alex

  I have a circular character that rolls down terrain like that shown in the picture below. The terrain is created from an array holding 1000 points. The ground is drawn one screen width infront and one screen width behind. So as the character moves, edges are created infront and edges are removed behind. My problem is, I want to create box2d bodies at certain locations along the path and need a way to store these creator methods or objects. I need some way to store a position at which they are created and some pointer to a function to create them, once the character is in range. I guess this would be an array of some sort that is checked each time the ground is updated and then if in range, the function is executed and removed from the array. But I'm not sure if its even possible to store pointers to functions with parameters included... any help is much appreciated!

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• Bridge made out of blocks at an angle

  - by Pozzuh

  I'm having a bit of trouble with the math behind my project. I want the player to be able to select 2 points (vectors). With these 2 points a floor should be created. When these points are parallel to the x-axis it's easy, just calculate the amount of blocks needed by a simple division, loop through that amount (in x and y) and keep increasing the coordinate by the size of that block. The trouble starts when the 2 vectors aren't parallel to an axis, for example at an angle of 45 degrees. How do I handle the math behind this? If I wasn't completely clear, I made this awesome drawing in paint to demonstrate what I want to achieve. The 2 red dots would be the player selected locations. (The blocks indeed aren't square.) http://i.imgur.com/pzhFMEs.png.

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• One-way platforms in UDK

  - by Jordaan Mylonas

  I'm looking to make a multi-player platforming game using UDK. I'm currently doing feasibility research, to make sure I will reasonably be able to do all of the technical things I want to do. The first major hurdle I've come across without being able to find as answer, are one-way platforms. That is to say, platforms through which a player can jump up, but not fall through (unless they choose to). These are commonly seen in games like Mario, Kirby and Smash Bros. Does anyone know how such a system would work within UDK? I can think of solutions that might work for single-player, but not multi.

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• Designing a game - Where to start?

  - by OghmaOsiris

  A friend of mine and I are planning a game together to work on in our free time. It's not an extensive game, but it's not a simple one either. He's working on the story behind the game while I'm working on the graphics and code. I don't really know where to start with the game. We know what the basic type of game it's going to be and how it would be played, but I'm having a hard time of actually knowing where to begin. I have Xcode open but I don't really even know what I should be designing first. What is some advice for this writer's block? Where is a good place to start with a game? Should I design all the graphics and layout before even touching Xcode? Should I program the things I know I'll have difficulty with first before getting to the easy stuff?

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• State changes in entities or components

  - by GriffinHeart

  I'm having some trouble figuring how to deal with state management in my entities. I don't have trouble with Game state management, like pause and menus, since these are not handled as an entity component system; just with state in entities/components. Drawing from Orcs Must Die as an example, I have my MainCharacter and Trap entities which only have their components like PositionComponent, RenderComponent, PhysicsComponent. On each update the Entity will call update on its components. I also have a generic EventManager with listeners for different event types. Now I need to be able to place the traps: first select the trap and trap position then place the trap. When placing a trap it should appear in front of the MainCharacter, rendered in a different way and following it around. When placed it should just respond to collisions and be rendered in the normal way. How is this usually handled in component based systems? (This example is specific but can help figure out the general way to deal with entities states.)

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• Procedural Planets, Heightmaps and Textures

  - by henryprescott

  I am currently working on an OpenGL procedural planet generator. I hope to use it for a space RPG, that will not allow players to go down to the surface of a planet so I have ignored anything ROAM related. At the moment I am drawing a cube with VBOs and mapping onto a sphere. I am familiar with most fractal heightmap generating techniques and have already implemented my own version of midpoint displacement (not that useful in this case I know). My question is, what is the best way to procedurally generate the heightmap. I have looked at libnoise which allows me to make tilable heightmaps/textures, but as far as I can see I would need to generate a net like this. Leaving the tiling obvious. Could anyone advise me on the best route to take? Any input would be much appreciated.

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• How can I have multiple layers in my map array?

  - by Manl400

  How do I load Levels in my game, as in Layer 1 would be Objects, Layer 2 would be Characters and so on. I only need 3 layers, and they will all be put on top of each other. i.e having a flower with a transparent background to be put on grass or dirt on the layer below.I would like to Read From the same file too. How would i go about doing this? Any help would be appreciated. I load the map from a level file which are just numbers corresponding to a tile in the tilesheet. Here is the level file [Layer1] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 [Layer2] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 [Layer3] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 And here is the code that interprets it void LoadMap(const char *filename, std::vector< std::vector <int> > &map) { std::ifstream openfile(filename); if(openfile.is_open()) { std::string line, value; int space; while(!openfile.eof()) { std::getline(openfile, line); if(line.find("[TileSet]") != std::string::npos) { state = TileSet; continue; } else if (line.find("[Layer1]") != std::string::npos) { state = Map; continue; } switch(state) { case TileSet: if(line.length() > 0) tileSet = al_load_bitmap(line.c_str()); break; case Map: std::stringstream str(line); std::vector<int> tempVector; while(!str.eof()) { std::getline(str, value, ' '); if(value.length() > 0) tempVector.push_back(atoi(value.c_str())); } map.push_back(tempVector); break; } } } else { } } and this is how it draws the map. Also the tile sheet is 1280 by 1280 and the tilesizeX and tilesizeY is 64 void DrawMap(std::vector <std::vector <int> > map) { int mapRowCount = map.size(); for(int i, j = 0; i < mapRowCount; i ++) { int mapColCount = map[i].size(); for (int j = 0; j < mapColCount; ++j) { int tilesetIndex = map[i][j]; int tilesetRow = floor(tilesetIndex / TILESET_COLCOUNT); int tilesetCol = tilesetIndex % TILESET_COLCOUNT; al_draw_bitmap_region(tileSet, tilesetCol * TileSizeX, tilesetRow * TileSizeY, TileSizeX, TileSizeY, j * TileSizeX, i * TileSizeX, NULL); } } } EDIT: http://i.imgur.com/Ygu0zRE.jpg

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• How do I create a bounding frustrum from a view & projection matrix?

  - by Narf the Mouse

  Given a left-handed Projection matrix, a left-handed View matrix, a ViewProj matrix of View * Projection - How do I create a bounding Frustum comprised of near, far, left, right and top, bottom planes? The only example I could find on Google (Tutorial 16: Frustum Culling) seems to not work; for example, if the math is used as given, the near-plane's distance is a negative. This places the near-plane behind the camera...

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• Car brands and models licensing

  - by Ju-v

  We are small team which working on car racing game but we don't know about licensing process for branded cars like Nissan, Lamborghini, Chevrolet and etc. Do we need to buy any licence for using real car brand names, models, logos,... or we can use them for free? Second option we think about using not real brand with real models is it possible? If someone have experience with that, fell free to share it. Any information about that is welcome.

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