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• Designing a game - Where to start?

  - by OghmaOsiris

  A friend of mine and I are planning a game together to work on in our free time. It's not an extensive game, but it's not a simple one either. He's working on the story behind the game while I'm working on the graphics and code. I don't really know where to start with the game. We know what the basic type of game it's going to be and how it would be played, but I'm having a hard time of actually knowing where to begin. I have Xcode open but I don't really even know what I should be designing first. What is some advice for this writer's block? Where is a good place to start with a game? Should I design all the graphics and layout before even touching Xcode? Should I program the things I know I'll have difficulty with first before getting to the easy stuff?

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• Numbers not adding up? (What am I not understanding here?) [closed]

  - by Milo

  I have the following output: Short version: The last numbers on the S= lines increase by H and SHOULD theoretically be linearly decreasing, ex: -285,-290,-295...but the fourth one jumps to -252. Yet, every other number is linearly increasing. Why is that and how could I fix that? To explain the numbers, it comes from slider value changed. I have a slider whose value is used to generate the float on the next line. Everything should be growing linearly here. This value is used to determine the size of a flow layout and it is also used in conjunction with a scrollbar. But basically I have a background for the flow layout and that number is the start location for rendering it. The numbers should linearly change to create a smooth transition but when that one jumps, it looks weird on screen and I dont understand why the numbers are jumping every X slider value changes. Mathematically what could be causing this? Here is the code for rendering the background and the function that is called when value changes: void LobbyTableManager::renderBG( GraphicsContext* g, agui::Rectangle& absRect, agui::Rectangle& childRect ) { float scale = 0.35f; int w = m_bgSprite->getWidth() * getTableScale() * scale; int h = m_bgSprite->getHeight() * getTableScale() * scale; int numX = ceil(absRect.getWidth() / (float)w) + 2; int numY = ceil(absRect.getHeight() / (float)h) + 2; int startY = childRect.getY(); int numAttempts = 0; while(startY + h < absRect.getY() && numAttempts < 1000) { startY += h; if(moo) { std::cout << startY << ","; } numAttempts++; } g->holdDrawing(); for(int i = 0; i < numX; ++i) { for(int j = 0; j < numY; ++j) { g->drawScaledSprite(m_bgSprite,0,0,m_bgSprite->getWidth(),m_bgSprite->getHeight(), absRect.getX() + (i * w) + (offsetX),absRect.getY() + (j * h) + startY,w,h,0); } } g->unholdDrawing(); g->setClippingRect(cx,cy,cw,ch); } void LobbyTableManager::setTableScale( float scale ) { scale += 0.3f; scale *= 2.0f; float scrollRel = m_vScroll->getRelativeValue(); setScale(scale); rescaleTables(); resizeFlow(); updateScrollBars(); float newVal = scrollRel * m_vScroll->getMaxValue(); m_vScroll->setValue(newVal); } void LobbyTableManager::valueChanged( agui::VScrollBar* source,int val ) { m_flow->setLocation(0,-val); } Any insight on mathematically why the anomaly might happen every Nth time would be helpful. I just dont understand why if every number linearly increates it jumps from -295 to -252! Thanks

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• how does the rectangle bounds (x,y,width,height) in libgdx work

  - by JG22

  I cant work out how to use the rectangle bounds in libgdx I am currently using the superJumper example and have 2or 3 examples with that are pause Bounds = new Rectangle(320 - 64, 480 - 64, 64, 64); this is the pause button in the top right corner resume Bounds = new Rectangle(160 - 96, 240, 192, 36); this is a rectangle resume button in the middle of the page in the menu that comes up when the pause button is pressed. basically my question is aimed at the 360 -64 and 160 -96 because I don't know why this is used I need to create a rectangle that covers the left side of the screen and the same on the right because I want to create a on screen buttons, I have already created the does for these buttons and I have managed to get them to work but I can move the rectangles to where I want. Thank you If you can help

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• How can I generate signed distance fields in real time, fast?

  - by heishe

  In a previous question, it was suggested that signed distance fields can be precomputed, loaded at runtime and then used from there. For reasons I will explain at the end of this question (for people interested), I need to create the distance fields in real time. There are some papers out there for different methods which are supposed to be viable in real-time environments, such as methods for Chamfer distance transforms and Voronoi diagram-approximation based transforms (as suggested in this presentation by the Pixeljunk Shooter dev guy), but I (and thus can be assumed a lot of other people) have a very hard time actually putting them to use, since they're usually long, largely bloated with math and not very algorithmic in their explanation. What algorithm would you suggest for creating the distance fields in real-time (favourably on the GPU) especially considering the resulting quality of the distance fields? Since I'm looking for an actual explanation/tutorial as opposed to a link to just another paper or slide, this question will receive a bounty once it's eligible for one :-). Here's why I need to do it in real time:

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• How to shift a vector based on the rotation of another vector?

  - by bpierre

  I’m learning 2D programming, so excuse my approximations, and please, don’t hesitate to correct me. I am just trying to fire a bullet from a player. I’m using HTML canvas (top left origin). Here is a representation of my problem: The black vector represent the position of the player (the grey square). The green vector represent its direction. The red disc represents the target. The red vector represents the direction of a bullet, which will move in the direction of the target (red and dotted line). The blue cross represents the point from where I really want to fire the bullet (and the blue and dotted line represents its movement). This is how I draw the player (this is the player object. Position, direction and dimensions are 2D vectors): ctx.save(); ctx.translate(this.position.x, this.position.y); ctx.rotate(this.direction.getAngle()); ctx.drawImage(this.image, Math.round(-this.dimensions.x/2), Math.round(-this.dimensions.y/2), this.dimensions.x, this.dimensions.y); ctx.restore(); This is how I instanciate a new bullet: var bulletPosition = playerPosition.clone(); // Copy of the player position var bulletDirection = Vector2D.substract(targetPosition, playerPosition).normalize(); // Difference between the player and the target, normalized new Bullet(bulletPosition, bulletDirection); This is how I move the bullet (this is the bullet object): var speed = 5; this.position.add(Vector2D.multiply(this.direction, speed)); And this is how I draw the bullet (this is the bullet object): ctx.save(); ctx.translate(this.position.x, this.position.y); ctx.rotate(this.direction.getAngle()); ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 3, 3); ctx.restore(); How can I change the direction and position vectors of the bullet to ensure it is on the blue dotted line? I think I should represent the shift with a vector, but I can’t see how to use it.

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• How to display image in second layer in Cocos2d

  - by PeterK

  I am very new at Cocos2d and is testing to displaying an image over the "Hello World" text on a second layer and need help to get it work. I guess it is some basic stuff here and appreciate any tips etc. with this. I know that if i put the display-code (myLayer1) in the "init" it work or do the call [self goHere] from the "init" in myLayer1 it works but i want to call the "goHere" directly. I have the following code: HelloWorld.m: #import "HelloWorldLayer.h" #import "myLayer1.h" // HelloWorldLayer implementation @implementation HelloWorldLayer +(CCScene *) scene { // 'scene' is an autorelease object. CCScene *scene = [CCScene node]; // 'layer' is an autorelease object. HelloWorldLayer *layer = [HelloWorldLayer node]; myLayer1 *layer1 = [myLayer1 node]; // add layer as a child to scene [scene addChild: layer]; [scene addChild: layer1]; // return the scene return scene; } // on "init" you need to initialize your instance -(id) init { // always call "super" init // Apple recommends to re-assign "self" with the "super" return value if( (self=[super init])) { // create and initialize a Label CCLabelTTF *label = [CCLabelTTF labelWithString:@"Hello World" fontName:@"Marker Felt" fontSize:64]; // ask director the the window size CGSize size = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; // position the label on the center of the screen label.position = ccp( size.width /2 , size.height/2 ); // add the label as a child to this Layer [self addChild: label]; myLayer1 *a1 = [myLayer1 new]; [a1 goHere]; [myLayer1 release]; } return self; } myLayer1.m: #import "myLayer1.h" @implementation myLayer1 -(void)goHere { NSLog(@">>>>goHere<<<<"); CGSize size = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; CCSprite *vv = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"hand.png"]; vv.position = ccp( size.width /2 , size.height/2 ); [self addChild:vv z:3]; } -(id) init { // always call "super" init // Apple recommends to re-assign "self" with the "super" return value if( (self=[super init])) { } return self; } @end

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• How do I apply 2 rotations about different points to a single primitive using OpenGL

  - by Fenoec

  I'm working on a 2D top-down shooter game that has a rotation feature like Realm Of The Mad God such that if you press e the camera rotates around the character in a clockwise direction and q rotates the camera around the character in a counterclockwise direction. I have this working with my floors and walls by translating to the character, doing the screen rotation, and drawing everything with the character as the origin. The problem arises when I shoot projectiles which need to both rotate around the character and rotate around themselves (shooting uses the mouse cursor so I can shoot at any angle). For example, if the screen is not rotated and I'm shooting rectangular projectiles, I want them to face in the direction I'm shooting (rotation around themselves). However if I only do this rotation, when I then rotate the screen the projectiles will always shoot at the same position because my cursor position does not change. Therefore I need to also either rotate the projectiles around the character or rotate the mouse cursor position to get the correct position (which would then totally screw up all of the collision detection). Likewise if I only do the screen rotation on projectiles, the rectangles will always be facing the same way and they would only look correct if I were shooting straight up or straight down. So my question is, how can I perform 2 rotations on a primitive around 2 different points? The only way I can think of is to translate to the character and do the screen rotation, then somehow calculate the translation required to move back to the middle of the projectile (seeing as how my axes are now rotated) and do its rotation. Or am I thinking about this in the wrong way and there is a different solution to accomplishing this effect?

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• How can I convert an image from raw data in Android without any munging?

  - by stephelton

  I have raw image data (may be .png, .jpg, ...) and I want it converted in Android without changing its pixel depth (bpp). In particular, when I load a grayscale (8 bpp) image that I want to use as alpha (glTexImage() with GL_ALPHA), it converts it to 16 bpp (presumably 5_6_5). While I do have a plan B (actually, I'm probably on plan 'E' by now, this is really becoming annoying) I would really like to discover an easy way to do this using what is readily available in the API. So far, I'm using BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(). While I'm at it. I'm doing this from a native environment via JNI (passing the buffer in from C, and a new buffer back to C from Java). Any portable solution in C/C++ would be preferable, but I don't want to introduce anything that might break in future versions of Android, etc.

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• Dynamic navigation mesh changes

  - by Nairou

  I'm currently trying to convert from grids to navigation meshes for pathfinding, since grids are either too coarse for accurate navigation, or too fine to be useful for object tracking. While my map is fairly static, and the navigation mesh could be created in advance, this is somewhat of a tower defense game, where objects can be placed to block paths, so I need a way to recalculate portions of the navigation mesh to allow pathing around them. Is there any existing documentation on good ways to do this? I'm still very new to navigation meshes, so the prospect of modifying them to cut or fill holes sounds daunting.

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• Finding the endpoint of a named bone in Irrlicht

  - by Boreal

  I'm making a tank game that will have multiple tanks. I want to be able to define the weapon placements using bones that I can add right inside the modelling program (Blender to be exact). All tanks will have a bone called Body and a bone called Turret, and then names like Cannon0 and PickupGun for where the shots will be fired from that are attached to the Turret bone. Is there some way to find the absolute end position of a bone that I choose by name?

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• Unable to find good parameters for behavior of a puck in Farseer

  - by Krumelur

  EDIT: I have tried all kinds of variations now. The last one was to adjust the linear velocity in each step: newVel = oldVel * 0.9f - all of this including your proposals kind of work, however in the end if the velocity is little enough, the puck sticks to the wall and slides either vertically or horizontally. I can't get rid of this behavior. I want it to bounce, no matter how slow it is. Retitution is 1 for all objects, Friction is 0 for all. There is no gravity. What am I possibly doing wrong? In my battle to learn and understand Farseer I'm trying to setup a simple Air Hockey like table with a puck on it. The table's border body is made up from: Vertices aBorders = new Vertices( 4 ); aBorders.Add( new Vector2( -fHalfWidth, fHalfHeight ) ); aBorders.Add( new Vector2( fHalfWidth, fHalfHeight ) ); aBorders.Add( new Vector2( fHalfWidth, -fHalfHeight ) ); aBorders.Add( new Vector2( -fHalfWidth, -fHalfHeight ) ); FixtureFactory.AttachLoopShape( aBorders, this ); this.CollisionCategories = Category.All; this.CollidesWith = Category.All; this.Position = Vector2.Zero; this.Restitution = 1f; this.Friction = 0f; The puck body is defined with: FixtureFactory.AttachCircle( DIAMETER_PHYSIC_UNITS / 2f, 0.5f, this ); this.Restitution = 0.1f; this.Friction = 0.5f; this.BodyType = FarseerPhysics.Dynamics.BodyType.Dynamic; this.LinearDamping = 0.5f; this.Mass = 0.2f; I'm applying a linear force to the puck: this.oPuck.ApplyLinearImpulse( new Vector2( 1f, 1f ) ); The problem is that the puck and the walls appear to be sticky. This means that the puck's velocity drops to zero to quickly below a certain velocity. The puck gets reflected by the walls a couple of times and then just sticks to the left wall and continues sliding downwards the left wall. This looks very unrealistic. What I'm really looking for is that a puck-wall-collision does slow down the puck only a tiny little bit. After tweaking all values left and right I was wondering if I'm doing something wrong. Maybe some expert can comment on the parameters?

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• lwjgl custom icon

  - by melchor629

  I have a little problem with the icon in lwjgl, it doesn't work. I google about it, but i haven't found anything that works for me yet. This is my code for now: PNGDecoder imageDecoder = new PNGDecoder(new FileInputStream("res/images/Icon.png")); ByteBuffer imageData = BufferUtils.createByteBuffer(4 * imageDecoder.getWidth() * imageDecoder.getHeight()); imageDecoder.decode(imageData, imageDecoder.getWidth() * 4, PNGDecoder.Format.RGBA); imageData.flip(); System.err.println(Display.setIcon(new ByteBuffer[]{imageData}) == 0 ? "No se ha creado el icono" : "Se ha creado el icono"); The png file is a 128x128px with transparency. PNGDecoder is from the matthiasmann utility (de.matthiasmann.twl.utils). I'm using Mac OS, 10.8.4 with lwjgl 2.9.0. Thanks :)

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• How do I position a 2D camera in OpenGL?

  - by Elfayer

  I can't understand how the camera is working. It's a 2D game, so I'm displaying a game map from (0, 0, 0) to (mapSizeX, 0, mapSizeY). I'm initializing the camera as follow : Camera::Camera(void) : position_(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), rotation_(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f) {} void Camera::initialize(void) { glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatef(position_.x, position_.y, position_.z); gluPerspective(70.0f, 800.0f/600.0f, 1.0f, 10000.0f); gluLookAt(0.0f, 6000.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); } So the camera is looking down. I currently see the up right border of the map in the center of my window and the map expand to the down left border of my window. I would like to center the map. The logical thing to do should be to move the camera to eyeX = mapSizeX / 2 and the same for z. My map has 10 x 10 cases with CASE = 400, so I should have : gluLookAt((10 / 2) * CASE /* = 2000 */, 6000.0f, (10 / 2) * CASE /* = 2000 */, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); But that doesn't move the camera, but seems to rotate it. Am I doing something wrong? EDIT : I tried that: gluLookAt(2000.0f, 6000.0f, 0.0f, 2000.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); Which correctly moves the map in the middle of the window in width. But I can't move if correctly in height. It always returns the axis Z. When I go up, It goes down and the same for right and left. I don't see the map anymore when I do : gluLookAt(2000.0f, 6000.0f, 2000.0f, 2000.0f, 0.0f, 2000.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

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• Javascript A* path finding

  - by Veyha

  I am trying to learn A* path finding. I am using this library - https://github.com/qiao/PathFinding.js But there is one thing I don't understand how to do. To find a path from player.x/player.y (player.x and player.y are both 0) to 10/10 I use this code var path = finder.findPath(player.x, player.y, 10, 10, grid); This gives an array of where I need to move, but how do I apply this array to my player.x and player.y? The path structure looks like this path = [[0, 0], [1, 0], [1, 1], ..., [10, 10]]

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• Unreal 3 Editor (Unreal Tournament 3) Lifting vehicles (and spawners) using InterActors, strange collisions causing flying vehicles

  - by Gareth Jones

  Making a VCTF map with the Unreal Tournament 3 Editor, and thus have vehicles in it. Currently I have 2 walkways next to each other (Big enough for a vehicle). One of them (A InterActor) drops down, and a grate covers the hole until the vehicle respawns. Once its respawned the InterActor Walkway lifts the vehicle up (and the grate pulls back). However what I'm finding is that the vehicle seems to collide with something when it gets near the top. (Looks something like this: ----_ where _ is the moving InterActor and - is a walkway) I created a new map to test this, and found it seems the front of the scorpion collides with the walkway in front of it, however I don't know why, it physically (in terms of how it looks in game) does not touch the walkway in front of it, but its actions look like it has. Im using InterActors, and a vehicle spawner, looking like so How do I stop this from happening? Right now everything is perfect, except the vehicle keeps flying away every time its lifted up, likes it been forced in between the "lift" and another object!

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• Deferred rendering order?

  - by Nick Wiggill

  There are some effects for which I must do multi-pass rendering. I've got the basics set up (FBO rendering etc.), but I'm trying to get my head around the most suitable setup. Here's what I'm thinking... The framebuffer objects: FBO 1 has a color attachment and a depth attachment. FBO 2 has a color attachment. The render passes: Render g-buffer: normals and depth (used by outline & DoF blur shaders); output to FBO no. 1. Render solid geometry, bold outlines (as in toon shader), and fog; output to FBO no. 2. (can all render via a single fragment shader -- I think.) (optional) DoF blur the scene; output to the default frame buffer OR ELSE render FBO2 directly to default frame buffer. (optional) Mesh wireframes; composite over what's already in the default framebuffer. Does this order seem viable? Any obvious mistakes?

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• Coordinate spaces and transformation matrices

  - by Belgin

  I'm trying to get an object from object space, into projected space using these intermediate matrices: The first matrix (I) is the one that transforms from object space into inertial space, but since my object is not rotated or translated in any way inside the object space, this matrix is the 4x4 identity matrix. The second matrix (W) is the one that transforms from inertial space into world space, which is just a scale transform matrix of factor a = 14.1 on all coordinates, since the inertial space origin coincides with the world space origin. /a 0 0 0\ W = |0 a 0 0| |0 0 a 0| \0 0 0 1/ The third matrix (C) is the one that transforms from world space, into camera space. This matrix is a translation matrix with a translation of (0, 0, 10), because I want the camera to be located behind the object, so the object must be positioned 10 units into the z axis. /1 0 0 0\ C = |0 1 0 0| |0 0 1 10| \0 0 0 1/ And finally, the fourth matrix is the projection matrix (P). Bearing in mind that the eye is at the origin of the world space and the projection plane is defined by z = 1, the projection matrix is: /1 0 0 0\ P = |0 1 0 0| |0 0 1 0| \0 0 1/d 0/ where d is the distance from the eye to the projection plane, so d = 1. I'm multiplying them like this: (((P x C) x W) x I) x V, where V is the vertex' coordinates in column vector form: /x\ V = |y| |z| \1/ After I get the result, I divide x and y coordinates by w to get the actual screen coordinates. Apparenly, I'm doing something wrong or missing something completely here, because it's not rendering properly. Here's a picture of what is supposed to be the bottom side of the Stanford Dragon: Also, I should add that this is a software renderer so no DirectX or OpenGL stuff here.

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• How to render a retro-like pixel graphics from 3d models?

  - by momijigari

  I was wondering if there's a possibility to render a retro-pixel-like graphics from 3d model in real time? I'm talking about the Starfarer-like graphics. I know it's hand drawn, and it's 2d. But if I need a 3d objects with the same aesthetics? I'm currently working with Flash. But I don't need any ready-solutions, I just want to understand the principle from any other platform if there is one. So if anybody met anything like this I would appreciate your help. (If it's not possible to do in real time, I could at least pre-render a sequence of sprites. It would be much better than creating hundreds of hand-drawn ones)

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• How can I render player movement on a 2d plane efficiently?

  - by user422318

  I'm prototyping a 2d HTML5 game with similar interaction to Diablo II. (See an older post of mine describing the interaction here: How can I imitate interaction and movement in Diablo II?) I just got the player click-to-move system working using the Bresenham algorithm but I can't figure out how to efficiently render the player's avatar as he moves across the screen. By the time redraw() is called, the player has already finished moving to the target point. If I try to call redraw() more frequently (based on my game timer), there's incredible system lag and I don't even see the avatar image glide across the screen. I have a game timer based off this awesome timer class: http://www.dailycoding.com/Posts/object_oriented_programming_with_javascript__timer_class.aspx In the future, there will be multiple enemies chasing the player. Fast pace is essential to the experience. What should I do?

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• How do I find the angle required to point to another object?

  - by Ginamin

  I am making an air combat game, where you can fly a ship in a 3D space. There is an opponent that flies around as well. When the opponent is not on screen, I want to display an arrow pointing in the direction the user should turn, as such: So, I took the camera location and the oppenent location and did this: double newDirection = atan2(activeCamera.location.y-ship_wrap.location.y, activeCamera.location.x-ship_wrap.location.x); After which, I get the position on the circumferance of a circle which surrounds my crosshairs, like such: trackingArrow.position = point((60*sin(angle)+240),60*cos(angle)+160); It all works fine, except it's the wrong angle! I assume my calculation for the new direction is incorrect. Can anyone help?

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• What are the pros and cons of a non-fixed-interval update loop?

  - by akonsu

  I am studying various approaches to implementing a game loop and I have found this article. In the article the author implements a loop which, if the processing falls behind in time, skips frame renderings and just updates the game in a loop (the last variant called "Constant Game Speed independent of Variable FPS"). I do not understand why it is acceptable to call update_game() in a loop without making sure the update function is called at a particular interval. I do not see any value in doing this. I would think that in my game I want to be sure the game is updated periodically with a known period. So maybe it is worthwhile to have two threads, one would call update periodically, and the other one would redraw the game, also periodically? Would this be a good and practical approach? Of course I would need to synchronise the threads.

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• GestureListener's fling method doesn't get called

  - by nosferat

  I'm using SimpleGestureDetector from the libgdx-users Wiki as my InputProcessor. I set it in the created() method: Gdx.input.setInputProcess(new SimpleDirectionGestureDetector(charController)); charController is my class which implements the DirectionListener interface defined in the SimpleDirectionGestureDetector class and it is responsible for moving the player character. However the character doesn't change direction when I'm performing a fling action in any direction. I've checked and the fling() method in the SimpleDirectionGesture class doesn't get called and I have no idea why, since everything seems good. What am I doing wrong?

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• Disappearring instances of VertexPositionColor using MonoGame

  - by Rosko

  I am a complete beginner in graphics developing with XNA/Monogame. Started my own project using Monogame 3.0 for WinRT. I have this unexplainable issue that some of the vertices disappear while doing some updates on them. Basically, it is a game with balls who collide with the walls and with each other and in certain conditions they explode. When they explode they disappear. Here is a video demonstrating the issue. I used wireframes so that it is easier to see how vertices are missing. The perfect exploding balls are the ones which are result by user input with mouse clicking. Thanks for the help. The situations is: I draw user primitives with triangle strips using like this graphicsDevice.DrawUserPrimitives<VertexPositionColor>(PrimitiveType.TriangleStrip, circleVertices, 0, primitiveCount); All of the primitives are in the z-plane (z = 0), I thought that it is the culling in action. I tried setting the culling mode to none but it did not help. Here is the code responsible for the explosion private void Explode(GameTime gameTime, ref List<Circle> circles) { if (this.isExploding) { for (int i = 0; i < this.circleVertices.Length; i++) { if (this.circleVertices[i] != this.circleCenter) { if (Vector3.Distance(this.circleVertices[i].Position, this.circleCenter.Position) < this.explosionRadius * precisionCoefficient) { var explosionVector = this.circleVertices[i].Position - this.circleCenter.Position; explosionVector.Normalize(); explosionVector *= explosionSpeed; circleVertices[i].Position += explosionVector * (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; } else { circles.Remove(this); } } } } } I'd be really greatful if anyone has suggestions about how to fix this issue.

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• Using glReadBuffer/glReadPixels returns black image instead of the actual image only on Intel cards

  - by cloudraven

  I have this piece of code glReadBuffer( GL_FRONT ); glReadPixels( 0, 0, width, height, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buffer ); Which works just perfectly in all the Nvidia and AMD GPUs I have tried, but it fails in almost every single Intel built-in video that I have tried. It actually works in a very old 945GME, but fails in all the others. Instead of getting a screenshot I am actually getting a black screen. If it helps, I am working with the Doom3 Engine, and that code is derived from the built-in screen capture code. By the way, even with the original game I cannot do screen capture on those intel devices anyway. My guess is that they are not implementing the standard correctly or something. Is there a workaround for this?

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• two-part dice pool mechanic

  - by bythenumbers

  I'm working on a dice mechanic/resolution system based off of the Ghost/Echo (hereafter shortened to G/E) tabletop RPG. Specifically, since G/E can be a little harsh with dealing out consequences and failure, I was hoping to soften the system and add a little more player control, as well as offer the chance for players to evolve their characters into something unique, right from creation. So, here's the mechanic: Players roll 2d12 against the two statistics for their character (each is a number from 2-11, and may be rolled above or below depending on the nature of the action attempted, rolling your stat exactly always fails). Depending on the success for that roll, they add dice to the pool rolled for a modified G/E style action. The acting player gets two dice anyhow, and I am debating offering a bonus die for each success, or a single bonus die for succeeding on both of the statistic-compared rolls. One the size of the dice pool is set, the entire pool is rolled, and the players are allowed to assign rolled dice to a goal and a danger. Assigned results are judged as follows: 1-4 means the attempted goal fails, or the danger comes true. 5-8 is a partial success at the goal, or partially avoiding the danger. 9-12 means the goal is achieved, or the danger avoided. My concerns are twofold: Firstly, that the two-stage action is too complicated, with two rolls to judge separately before anything can happen. Secondly, that the statistics involved go too far in softening the game. I've run some basic simulations, and the approximate statistics follow: 2 dice (up to) 3 dice (up to) 4 dice failure ~33% ~25% ~20% partial ~33% ~35% ~35% success ~33% ~40% ~45% I'd appreciate any advice that addresses my concerns or offers to refine my simulation (right now the first roll is statistically modeled as sign(1d12-1d12), where 0 is a success).

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