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  • How to design a replay system

    - by daddz
    So how would I design a replay system? You may know it from certain games like Warcraft 3 or Starcraft where you can watch the game again after it has been played already. You end up with a relatively small replay file. So my questions are: How to save the data? (custom format?) (small filesize) What shall be saved? How to make it generic so it can be used in other games to record a time period (and not a complete match for example)? Make it possible to forward and rewind (WC3 couldn't rewind as far as I remember)

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  • Is HTML5/WebGL performance unreliable on low-end Android tablets and phones?

    - by Boris van Schooten
    I've developed a couple of WebGL games, and am trying them out on Android. I found that they run very slowly on my tablet, however. For example, a game with 10 sprites or so runs as 5fps. I tried Chrome and CocoonJS, but they are comparably slow. I also tried other games, and even games with only 5 or so moving sprites are this slow. This seems inconsistent with reports from others, such as this benchmark. Typically, when people talk about HTML5 game performance, they mention well-known and higher-end phones and tables. While my 7" tablet is cheap (I believe it's a relabeled Allwinner tablet, apparently with the Mali 400 GPU), I found it generally has a good gaming performance. All the games I tried run smoothly. I also developed an OpenGL ES 2 demo with 200 shaded 3D objects, and it ran at 50fps. My suspicion is that many low-end and white-label devices may have unacceptable HTML5/WebGL support, which means there may be a large section of gamers you will not reach when you choose this as your platform. I've heard rumors about inconsistent performance of HTML5 and WebGL on different devices, but no clear picture emerges. I would like to hear if any of you have had similar experiences with HTML5 or WebGL, or whether I can find information about the percentage of devices I can expect to have decent performance.

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  • How do I get FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3 to work with shaders in Direct3D11?

    - by Dominic
    Currently I'm going through some tutorials and learning DX11 on a DX10 machine (though I just ordered a new DX11 compatible computer) by means of setting the D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_ setting to 10_0 and switching the vertex and pixel shader versions in D3DX11CompileFromFile to "vs_4_0" and "ps_4_0" respectively. This works fine as I'm not using any DX11-only features yet. I'd like to make it compatible with DX9.0c, which naively I thought I could do by changing the feature level setting to 9_3 or something and taking the vertex/pixel shader versions down to 3 or 2. However, no matter what I change the vertex/pixel shader versions to, it always fails when I try to call D3DX11CompileFromFile to compile the vertex/pixel shader files when I have D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3 enabled. Maybe this is due to the the vertex/pixel shader files themselves being incompatible for the lower vertex/pixel shader versions, but I'm not expert enough to say. My shader files are listed below: Vertex shader: cbuffer MatrixBuffer { matrix worldMatrix; matrix viewMatrix; matrix projectionMatrix; }; struct VertexInputType { float4 position : POSITION; float2 tex : TEXCOORD0; float3 normal : NORMAL; }; struct PixelInputType { float4 position : SV_POSITION; float2 tex : TEXCOORD0; float3 normal : NORMAL; }; PixelInputType LightVertexShader(VertexInputType input) { PixelInputType output; // Change the position vector to be 4 units for proper matrix calculations. input.position.w = 1.0f; // Calculate the position of the vertex against the world, view, and projection matrices. output.position = mul(input.position, worldMatrix); output.position = mul(output.position, viewMatrix); output.position = mul(output.position, projectionMatrix); // Store the texture coordinates for the pixel shader. output.tex = input.tex; // Calculate the normal vector against the world matrix only. output.normal = mul(input.normal, (float3x3)worldMatrix); // Normalize the normal vector. output.normal = normalize(output.normal); return output; } Pixel Shader: Texture2D shaderTexture; SamplerState SampleType; cbuffer LightBuffer { float4 ambientColor; float4 diffuseColor; float3 lightDirection; float padding; }; struct PixelInputType { float4 position : SV_POSITION; float2 tex : TEXCOORD0; float3 normal : NORMAL; }; float4 LightPixelShader(PixelInputType input) : SV_TARGET { float4 textureColor; float3 lightDir; float lightIntensity; float4 color; // Sample the pixel color from the texture using the sampler at this texture coordinate location. textureColor = shaderTexture.Sample(SampleType, input.tex); // Set the default output color to the ambient light value for all pixels. color = ambientColor; // Invert the light direction for calculations. lightDir = -lightDirection; // Calculate the amount of light on this pixel. lightIntensity = saturate(dot(input.normal, lightDir)); if(lightIntensity > 0.0f) { // Determine the final diffuse color based on the diffuse color and the amount of light intensity. color += (diffuseColor * lightIntensity); } // Saturate the final light color. color = saturate(color); // Multiply the texture pixel and the final diffuse color to get the final pixel color result. color = color * textureColor; return color; }

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  • Keeping Aspect Screen Ration While Stays in Center

    - by David Dimalanta
    I sqw and I tried this suggestion on PISTACHIO BRAINSTORMIN* on how to make a good and adaptive screen ration. For every different screen size, let's say I put the perfect circle as a Texture in LibGDX and played it on screen. Here's the blueberry image example and it's perfectly rounded: When I played it on the Google Nexus 7, the circle turn into a slightly oblonng shape, resembling as it was being flatten a bit. Please observe this snapshot below and you can see the blueberry is almost but slightly not perfectly rounded: Now, when I tried the suggested code for aspect ratio, the perfect circle retained but another problem is occured. The problem is that I expecting for a view on center but instead it's been moved to the right offset leaving with a half black screen. This would be look like this: Here is my code using the suggested screen aspect ratio code: Class' Field // Ingredients Needed for Screen Aspect Ratio private static final int VIRTUAL_WIDTH = 720; private static final int VIRTUAL_HEIGHT = 1280; private static final float ASPECT_RATIO = ((float) VIRTUAL_WIDTH)/((float) VIRTUAL_HEIGHT); private Camera Mother_Camera; private Rectangle Viewport; render() // Camera updating... Mother_Camera.update(); Mother_Camera.apply(Gdx.gl10); // Reseting viewport... Gdx.gl.glViewport((int) Viewport.x, (int) Viewport.y, (int) Viewport.width, (int) Viewport.height); // Clear previous frame. Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); show() Mother_Camera = new OrthographicCamera(VIRTUAL_WIDTH, VIRTUAL_HEIGHT); Was this code useful for screen aspect ratio-proportion fixing or it is statically dependent on actual device's width and height? *see http://blog.acamara.es/2012/02/05/keep-screen-aspect-ratio-with-different-resolutions-using-libgdx/#comment-317

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  • If Expression True in Immediate Window But Code In if Block Never Runs

    - by Julian
    I set a break point in my code in MonoDevelop to break whenever I click on a surface. I then enter the immediate window and test to see if the the if statement will return true in comparing two Vector3's. It does return true. However, when I step over, the code is never run as though the statement evaluated false. Does anyone know how this could be possible? I've attached a screenshot. Here is the picture of my debug window and immediate window. You can see where the immediate window evaluates to true. The second breakpoint is not hit. Here are the details of the two Vector3's I am comparing. Does anyone know why I am experiencing this? It really seems like an anomaly to me :/ Does it have something to do with threading?

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  • Blending animations for more character movements

    - by Noob Saibot
    I am making a hack n slash 3rd person game. And I want the character movements to be more dynamic not like fighting games where you have a moves list. I want to animate tons of different animations and have them "Tween" between each other? Because I want the controls to not be keyboard mouse. I want it to be all keyboard. that way you have up to 10 inputs (All your fingers) to blend and morph animations to create more fluid movements. In the end this will almost be similar to characters typing a phrase or string of keys rather than move forward mouse look click to melee. My question is. Has anyone done this before and would someone go about trying to tween lets say one for key on the keyboard excluding Tab, Caps, R+Shift, L+Shift, Enter, R+Ctrl, L+Ctrl, L+Alt, R+Alt, Windows Key, and Menu. So thats all the numbers, letters and punctuation keys. Thats 46 keys gives me a combination of 46P1 = 5502622159812088949850305428800254892961651752960000000000L (used Python) and with a minimum entry value of 2 keypresses shortening to half. This is not humanly possible to create so many inique animations in one lifetime. But I'm guessing there is a reason this hasn't been done already. Or if I just used 10 basic keys. Maybe ASDF SPACE (RIGHT HAND) 456+0 (LEFT HAND KEYPAD) it would give me 3,628,800 posible unique animations.

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  • Simple 2d game pathfinding

    - by Kooi Nam Ng
    So I was trying to implement a simple pathfinding on iOS and but the outcome seems less satisfactory than what I intended to achieve.The thing is units in games like Warcraft and Red Alert move in all direction whereas units in my case only move in at most 8 directions as these 8 directions direct to the next available node.What should I do in order to achieve the result as stated above?Shrink the tile size? The screenshot intended for illustration. Those rocks are the obstacles whereas the both ends of the green path are the starting and end of the path.The red line is the path that I want to achieve. http://i.stack.imgur.com/lr19c.jpg

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  • Pixel Shader Giving Black output

    - by Yashwinder
    I am coding in C# using Windows Forms and the SlimDX API to show the effect of a pixel shader. When I am setting the pixel shader, I am getting a black output screen but if I am not using the pixel shader then I am getting my image rendered on the screen. I have the following C# code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using SlimDX.Direct3D9; using SlimDX; using SlimDX.Windows; using System.Drawing; using System.Threading; namespace WindowsFormsApplication1 { // Vertex structure. [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] struct Vertex { public Vector3 Position; public float Tu; public float Tv; public static int SizeBytes { get { return Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Vertex)); } } public static VertexFormat Format { get { return VertexFormat.Position | VertexFormat.Texture1; } } } static class Program { public static Device D3DDevice; // Direct3D device. public static VertexBuffer Vertices; // Vertex buffer object used to hold vertices. public static Texture Image; // Texture object to hold the image loaded from a file. public static int time; // Used for rotation caculations. public static float angle; // Angle of rottaion. public static Form1 Window =new Form1(); public static string filepath; static VertexShader vertexShader = null; static ConstantTable constantTable = null; static ImageInformation info; [STAThread] static void Main() { filepath = "C:\\Users\\Public\\Pictures\\Sample Pictures\\Garden.jpg"; info = new ImageInformation(); info = ImageInformation.FromFile(filepath); PresentParameters presentParams = new PresentParameters(); // Below are the required bare mininum, needed to initialize the D3D device. presentParams.BackBufferHeight = info.Height; // BackBufferHeight, set to the Window's height. presentParams.BackBufferWidth = info.Width+200; // BackBufferWidth, set to the Window's width. presentParams.Windowed =true; presentParams.DeviceWindowHandle = Window.panel2 .Handle; // DeviceWindowHandle, set to the Window's handle. // Create the device. D3DDevice = new Device(new Direct3D (), 0, DeviceType.Hardware, Window.Handle, CreateFlags.HardwareVertexProcessing, presentParams); // Create the vertex buffer and fill with the triangle vertices. (Non-indexed) // Remember 3 vetices for a triangle, 2 tris per quad = 6. Vertices = new VertexBuffer(D3DDevice, 6 * Vertex.SizeBytes, Usage.WriteOnly, VertexFormat.None, Pool.Managed); DataStream stream = Vertices.Lock(0, 0, LockFlags.None); stream.WriteRange(BuildVertexData()); Vertices.Unlock(); // Create the texture. Image = Texture.FromFile(D3DDevice,filepath ); // Turn off culling, so we see the front and back of the triangle D3DDevice.SetRenderState(RenderState.CullMode, Cull.None); // Turn off lighting D3DDevice.SetRenderState(RenderState.Lighting, false); ShaderBytecode sbcv = ShaderBytecode.CompileFromFile("C:\\Users\\yashwinder singh\\Desktop\\vertexShader.vs", "vs_main", "vs_1_1", ShaderFlags.None); constantTable = sbcv.ConstantTable; vertexShader = new VertexShader(D3DDevice, sbcv); ShaderBytecode sbc = ShaderBytecode.CompileFromFile("C:\\Users\\yashwinder singh\\Desktop\\pixelShader.txt", "ps_main", "ps_3_0", ShaderFlags.None); PixelShader ps = new PixelShader(D3DDevice, sbc); VertexDeclaration vertexDecl = new VertexDeclaration(D3DDevice, new[] { new VertexElement(0, 0, DeclarationType.Float3, DeclarationMethod.Default, DeclarationUsage.PositionTransformed, 0), new VertexElement(0, 12, DeclarationType.Float2 , DeclarationMethod.Default, DeclarationUsage.TextureCoordinate , 0), VertexElement.VertexDeclarationEnd }); Application.EnableVisualStyles(); MessagePump.Run(Window, () => { // Clear the backbuffer to a black color. D3DDevice.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Color.Black, 1.0f, 0); // Begin the scene. D3DDevice.BeginScene(); // Setup the world, view and projection matrices. //D3DDevice.VertexShader = vertexShader; //D3DDevice.PixelShader = ps; // Render the vertex buffer. D3DDevice.SetStreamSource(0, Vertices, 0, Vertex.SizeBytes); D3DDevice.VertexFormat = Vertex.Format; // Setup our texture. Using Textures introduces the texture stage states, // which govern how Textures get blended together (in the case of multiple // Textures) and lighting information. D3DDevice.SetTexture(0, Image); // Now drawing 2 triangles, for a quad. D3DDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList , 0, 2); // End the scene. D3DDevice.EndScene(); // Present the backbuffer contents to the screen. D3DDevice.Present(); }); if (Image != null) Image.Dispose(); if (Vertices != null) Vertices.Dispose(); if (D3DDevice != null) D3DDevice.Dispose(); } private static Vertex[] BuildVertexData() { Vertex[] vertexData = new Vertex[6]; vertexData[0].Position = new Vector3(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[0].Tu = 0.0f; vertexData[0].Tv = 0.0f; vertexData[1].Position = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[1].Tu = 0.0f; vertexData[1].Tv = 1.0f; vertexData[2].Position = new Vector3(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[2].Tu = 1.0f; vertexData[2].Tv = 0.0f; vertexData[3].Position = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[3].Tu = 0.0f; vertexData[3].Tv = 1.0f; vertexData[4].Position = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[4].Tu = 1.0f; vertexData[4].Tv = 1.0f; vertexData[5].Position = new Vector3(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); vertexData[5].Tu = 1.0f; vertexData[5].Tv = 0.0f; return vertexData; } } } And my pixel shader and vertex shader code are as following // Pixel shader input structure struct PS_INPUT { float4 Position : POSITION; float2 Texture : TEXCOORD0; }; // Pixel shader output structure struct PS_OUTPUT { float4 Color : COLOR0; }; // Global variables sampler2D Tex0; // Name: Simple Pixel Shader // Type: Pixel shader // Desc: Fetch texture and blend with constant color // PS_OUTPUT ps_main( in PS_INPUT In ) { PS_OUTPUT Out; //create an output pixel Out.Color = tex2D(Tex0, In.Texture); //do a texture lookup Out.Color *= float4(0.9f, 0.8f, 0.0f, 1); //do a simple effect return Out; //return output pixel } // Vertex shader input structure struct VS_INPUT { float4 Position : POSITION; float2 Texture : TEXCOORD0; }; // Vertex shader output structure struct VS_OUTPUT { float4 Position : POSITION; float2 Texture : TEXCOORD0; }; // Global variables float4x4 WorldViewProj; // Name: Simple Vertex Shader // Type: Vertex shader // Desc: Vertex transformation and texture coord pass-through // VS_OUTPUT vs_main( in VS_INPUT In ) { VS_OUTPUT Out; //create an output vertex Out.Position = mul(In.Position, WorldViewProj); //apply vertex transformation Out.Texture = In.Texture; //copy original texcoords return Out; //return output vertex }

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  • How should I manage persistent score in Game Center leaderboards?

    - by Omega
    Let's say that I'm developing an iOS RPG where the player gains 1 point per monster kill. The amount of monsters killed is persistent data: it is an endless adventure, and the score keeps on growing. It isn't a "session score" like Fruit Ninja, but rather a "reputation score". There are Game Center leaderboards for that score. Keep killing monsters, your score goes up, and the leaderboards are updated. My problem is that, technically, you can log out and log in using a different Game Center account, kill one monster, and the leaderboards will be updated for the new GC account. Supposing that this score is a big deal, this could be considered as cheating, because if you have a score of 2000, any of your friends who have never played the game can simply log into your iPhone, play the game, and the system will update the score for their accounts, essentially giving them 2000 points in the leaderboards for doing nothing. I have considered linking one GC account to a specific save game. It won't update your score unless you're using the linked GC account. But what if the player actually needs to change their GC account? Technically they would be forced to start a new game and link their account to that profile. How should I prevent this kind of cheat? Essentially, I don't want someone to distribute a high schore to multiple GC accounts, given the fact that the game updates the score constantly since it isn't a "session score". I do realize that it isn't quite a big deal. But I'm curious about how to avoid this.

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  • Using Event Driven Programming in games, when is it beneficial?

    - by Arthur Wulf White
    I am learning ActionScript 3 and I see the Event flow adheres to the W3C recommendations. From what I learned events can only be captured by the dispatcher unless, the listener capturing the event is a DisplayObject on stage and a parent of the object firing the event. You can capture the events in the capture(before) or bubbling(after) phase depending on Listner and Event setup you use. Does this system lend itself well for game programming? When is this system useful? Could you give an example of a case where using events is a lot better than going without them? Are they somehow better for performance in games? Please do not mention events you must use to get a game running, like Event.ENTER_FRAME Or events that are required to get input from the user like, KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN and MouseEvent.CLICK. I am asking if there is any use in firing events that have nothing to do with user input, frame rendering and the likes(that are necessary). I am referring to cases where objects are communicating. Is this used to avoid storing a collection of objects that are on the stage? Thanks Here is some code I wrote as an example of event behavior in ActionScript 3, enjoy. package regression { import flash.display.Shape; import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.EventDispatcher; import flash.events.KeyboardEvent; import flash.events.MouseEvent; import flash.events.EventPhase; /** * ... * @author ... */ public class Check_event_listening_1 extends Sprite { public const EVENT_DANCE : String = "dance"; public const EVENT_PLAY : String = "play"; public const EVENT_YELL : String = "yell"; private var baby : Shape = new Shape(); private var mom : Sprite = new Sprite(); private var stranger : EventDispatcher = new EventDispatcher(); public function Check_event_listening_1() { if (stage) init(); else addEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, init); } private function init(e:Event = null):void { trace("test begun"); addChild(mom); mom.addChild(baby); stage.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); this.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); mom.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); baby.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); stranger.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); trace("\nTest1 - Stranger yells with no bubbling"); stranger.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_YELL, false)); trace("\nTest2 - Stranger yells with bubbling"); stranger.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_YELL, true)); stage.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); this.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); mom.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); baby.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); stranger.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); trace("\nTest3 - baby plays with no bubbling"); baby.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_PLAY, false)); trace("\nTest4 - baby plays with bubbling"); baby.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_PLAY, true)); trace("\nTest5 - baby plays with bubbling but is not a child of mom"); mom.removeChild(baby); baby.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_PLAY, true)); mom.addChild(baby); stage.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent, true); this.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent, true); mom.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent, true); baby.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent); trace("\nTest6 - Mom dances without bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase)"); mom.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_DANCE, false)); trace("\nTest7 - Mom dances with bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase)"); mom.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_DANCE, true)); } private function onEvent(e : Event):void { trace("Event was captured"); trace("\nTYPE : ", e.type, "\nTARGET : ", objToName(e.target), "\nCURRENT TARGET : ", objToName(e.currentTarget), "\nPHASE : ", phaseToString(e.eventPhase)); } private function phaseToString(phase : int):String { switch(phase) { case EventPhase.AT_TARGET : return "TARGET"; case EventPhase.BUBBLING_PHASE : return "BUBBLING"; case EventPhase.CAPTURING_PHASE : return "CAPTURE"; default: return "UNKNOWN"; } } private function objToName(obj : Object):String { if (obj == stage) return "STAGE"; else if (obj == this) return "MAIN"; else if (obj == mom) return "Mom"; else if (obj == baby) return "Baby"; else if (obj == stranger) return "Stranger"; else return "Unknown" } } } /*result : test begun Test1 - Stranger yells with no bubbling Event was captured TYPE : yell TARGET : Stranger CURRENT TARGET : Stranger PHASE : TARGET Test2 - Stranger yells with bubbling Event was captured TYPE : yell TARGET : Stranger CURRENT TARGET : Stranger PHASE : TARGET Test3 - baby plays with no bubbling Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Baby PHASE : TARGET Test4 - baby plays with bubbling Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Baby PHASE : TARGET Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Mom PHASE : BUBBLING Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : MAIN PHASE : BUBBLING Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : STAGE PHASE : BUBBLING Test5 - baby plays with bubbling but is not a child of mom Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Baby PHASE : TARGET Test6 - Mom dances without bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase) Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : STAGE PHASE : CAPTURE Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : MAIN PHASE : CAPTURE Test7 - Mom dances with bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase) Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : STAGE PHASE : CAPTURE Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : MAIN PHASE : CAPTURE */

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  • Unity3d: calculate the result of a transform without modifying transform object itself

    - by Heisenbug
    I'm in the following situation: I need to move an object in some way, basically rotating it around its parent local position, or translating it in its parent local space (I know how to do this). The amount of rotation and translation is know at runtime (it depends on several factors, the speed of the object, enviroment factors, etc..). The problem is the following: I can perform this transformation only if the result position of the transformed object fit some criterias. An example could be this: the distance between the position before and after the transformation must be less than a given threshold. (Actually the conditions could be several and more complex) The problem is that if I use Transform.Rotate and Transform.Translate methods of my GameObject, I will loose the original Transform values. I think I can't copy the original Transform using instantiate for performance issues. How can I perform such a task? I think I have more or less 2 possibilities: First Don't modify the GameObject position through Transform. Calculate which will be the position after the transform. If the position is legal, modify transform through Translate and Rotate methods Second Store the original transform someway. Transform the object using Translate and Rotate. If the transformed position is illegal, restore the original one.

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  • Creating natural environments that can run on lower end computers in Unity3D/C#

    - by Timothy Williams
    So, I'm starting work on a project soon that will require me to create realistic environments that can preferably run on PC's besides high quality ones. The goal is to get as real an environment as possible while still being easy(ish) to run. The only problem is I've NEVER done anything with 3D environments, making trees sway, grass move, lighting, etc. Can anyone give me any help? Perhaps describe how it's done? Link me to articles? I'm just looking to be pointed in the right direction, not for you to write the code for me. Any help at all would be greatly appreciated, I'm using Unity3D and C# as my language. Thanks, Tim.

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  • How to determine character's foot contact point on a uniform triangle mesh terrain?

    - by xenon
    For a terrain that is modelled by a heightmap with a uniform triangle mesh, what are some techniques I could use to determine the contact point of the foot of a character standing on the terrain? Since the terrain's Y values are altered by the heightmap, they won't be flat any more. As the character moves on the terrain, it has to know at which values of Y-value its foot should be. Conceptually, what are some methods and techniques to determine the contact point of the character's foot standing on the terrain?

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  • Synchronization between game logic thread and rendering thread

    - by user782220
    How does one separate game logic and rendering? I know there seem to already be questions on here asking exactly that but the answers are not satisfactory to me. From what I understand so far the point of separating them into different threads is so that game logic can start running for the next tick immediately instead of waiting for the next vsync where rendering finally returns from the swapbuffer call its been blocking on. But specifically what data structures are used to prevent race conditions between the game logic thread and the rendering thread. Presumably the rendering thread needs access to various variables to figure out what to draw, but game logic could be updating these same variables. Is there a de facto standard technique for handling this problem. Maybe like copy the data needed by the rendering thread after every execution of the game logic. Whatever the solution is will the overhead of synchronization or whatever be less than just running everything single threaded?

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  • Does somebody know of a testcase(s) of libRocket

    - by Bjorn
    Today I implemented the interfaces for libRocket in my engine using opengl 3.3. I got a standard rml file and some fonts and images which where needed in this rml file. It seems that the page/rml I'm rendering know is the correct one, but I'm not 100% sure. Also because I still don't know a lot of rml and it is a fairly complex one. So my question: Are there any testcases for example an rml with images and fonts with the result as it should be rendered in a png or some other image format? If there aren't would somebody who actually implemented the libRocket interface correctly be so kind and share a result of a rendering in a png with the rml tobe rendered?

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  • Strategies to Defeat Memory Editors for Cheating - Desktop Games

    - by ashes999
    I'm assuming we're talking about desktop games -- something the player downloads and runs on their local computer. Many are the memory editors that allow you to detect and freeze values, like your player's health. How do you prevent cheating via memory-modifiation? What strategies are effective to combat this kind of cheating? For reference, I know that players can: - Search for something by value or range - Search for something that changed value - Set memory values - Freeze memory values I'm looking for some good ones. Two I use that are mediocre are: Displaying values as a percentage instead of the number (eg. 46/50 = 92% health) A low-level class that holds values in an array and moves them with each change. (For example, instead of an int, I have a class that's an array of ints, and whenever the value changes, I use a different, randomly-chosen array item to hold the value)

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  • Crafty.js multiplayer platform game, keeping players in sync

    - by johnwards
    I'm using crafty.js to create a very simple platform game. It doesn't need to stop cheating, it's actually just seeing other players move around, and it doesn't need to have collision detection between players. They are "shadows". How I've gone about it so far is to use http://pubnub.com to send messages between clients. These messages are simple. The first if a new player arrival, the second is a key down and the third is a key up. The code is here: https://github.com/whiteoctober/craftyconcept However I've hit against the old chestnut of keeping everything in sync. At the moment I'm letting the each of the clients decide where to place the other players based on the received key events, I also only move "you" until I get a key press event back from pubsub. My thinking here is to try and keep things in sync! However it isn't perfect, http://www.whiteoctober.co.uk/john/gametest/, things can get out of sync very easily. Key presses arrive in the wrong order etc. Is there any simple solutions to this, I would like to keep it all client side (with pubnub) and not have a central server with positions etc if possible.

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  • Good practices while working with multiple game engines, porting a game to a new engine

    - by Mahbubur R Aaman
    I have to work with multiple game engines, like Cocos2d Unity3d Galaxy While working with multiple game engines, what practices should i follow? EDIT: Is there any guideline to follow, that would be better as while any one working with multiple game engines? EDIT: While a game made by Cocos2d and done well at AppStore, then our target it to port to other platforms, then we utilize Unity3D. Here what should we do?

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  • Circular Bullet Spread not Even

    - by SoulBeaver
    I'm creating a bullet shooter much in the style of Touhou. Right now I want to have a very simple circular shot being fired from the enemy. See this picture: As you can see, the spacing is very uneven, which isn't very good if you want to survive. The code I'm using is this: private function shoot() : void { const BULLETS_PER_WAVE : int = 72; var interval : Number = BULLETS_PER_WAVE / 360; for (var i : int = 0; i < BULLETS_PER_WAVE; ++i { var xSpeed : Number = GameConstants.BULLET_NORMAL_SPEED_X * Math.sin(i * interval); var ySpeed : Number = GameConstants.BULLET_NORMAL_SPEED_Y * Math.cos(i * interval); BulletFactory.createNormalBullet(bulletColor_, alice_.center, xSpeed, ySpeed); } canShoot_ = false; cooldownTimer_.start(); } I imagine my mistake is in the sin, cos functions, but I'm not entirely sure what's wrong.

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  • Why is concept art not signed by the author?

    - by Gerald
    I am a starting concept artist who would like to enter the gaming industry. I noticed that some AAA titles show their concept art with no artists signature (only a reference to game the game, such as for Star Wars The Old Republic: 2013 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BioWare, LucasArts). I asked myself a question, what possible harm could my autograph cause on the public concept art if I am not a well known concept artist such as Adam Adamowicz (who did concepts for Skyrim). Why would a prospective boss tells me not to leave my "finger print" on the picture despite, the fact that I am a very talented artist?

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  • How to optimise Andengine's PathModifer (with singleton or pool)?

    - by Casla
    I am trying to build a game where the character find and follows a new path when a new destination is issued by the player, kinda like how units in RTS games work. This is done on a TMX map and I am using the A Star path finder utilities in Andengine to do this.David helped me on that: How can I change the path a sprite is following in real time? At the moment, every-time a new path is issued, I have to abandon the existing PathModifer and Path instances, and create new ones, and from what I read so far, creating new objects when you could re-use existing ones are a big waste for mobile applications. This is how I coded it at the moment: private void loadPathFound() { if (mAStarPath != null) { modifierPath = new org.andengine.entity.modifier.PathModifier.Path(mAStarPath.getLength()); /* replace the first node in the path as the player's current position */ modifierPath.to(player.convertLocalToSceneCoordinates(12, 31)[Constants.VERTEX_INDEX_X]-12, player.convertLocalToSceneCoordinates(12, 31)[Constants.VERTEX_INDEX_Y]-31); for (int i=1; i<mAStarPath.getLength(); i++) { modifierPath.to(mAStarPath.getX(i)*TILE_WIDTH, mAStarPath.getY(i)*TILE_HEIGHT); /* passing in the duration depended on the length of the path, so that the animation has a constant duration for every step */ player.registerEntityModifier(new PathModifier(modifierPath.getLength()/100, modifierPath, null, mIPathModifierListener)); } } The ideal implementation will be to always have just one object of PathModifer and just reset the destination of the path. But I don't know how you can apply the singleton patther on Andengine's PathModifer, there is no method to reset attribute of the path nor the pathModifer. So without re-write the PathModifer and the Path class, or use reflection, is there any other way to implement singleton PathModifer? Thanks for your help.

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  • Multiple audio sources on a single gameObject in unity

    - by angryInsomniac
    So, I have an audio system set up wherein I have loaded all my audio clips centrally and play them on demand by passing the requesting audioSource into the sound manager. However, there is a complication wherein if I want to overlay multiple looping sounds, I need to have multiple audio sources on an object, which is fine , so I created two in my script instantiated them and played my clips on them and then the world went crazy. For some reason, when I create two audio Sources in an object only the latest one is ever used, even if I explicitly keep objects separated, playing a clip on one or the other plays the clip on the last one that was created, furthermore, either this last one is not created in the right place or somehow messes with the rolloff rules because I can hear it all across my level, havign just one source works fine, but putting a second one on it causes shit to go batshit insane. Does anyone know the reason / solution for this ? Some pseudocode : guardSoundsSource = (AudioSource)gameObject.AddComponent("AudioSource"); guardSoundsSource.name = "Guard_Sounds_source"; // Setup this source guardThrusterSource = (AudioSource)gameObject.AddComponent("AudioSource"); guardThrusterSource.name = "Guard_Thruster_Source"; // setup this source // play using custom Sound manager soundMan.soundMgr.playOnSource(guardSoundsSource,"Guard_Idle_loop" ,true,GameManager.Manager.PlayerType); // this method prints out the name of the source the sound was to be played on and it always shows "Guard_Thruster_Source" even on the "Guard_Idle_loop" even though I clearly told it to use "Guard_Sounds_source"

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  • Animating Tile with Blitting taking up Memory.

    - by Kid
    I am trying to animate a specific tile in my 2d Array, using blitting. The animation consists of three different 16x16 sprites in a tilesheet. Now that works perfect with the code below. BUT it's causing memory leakage. Every second the FlashPlayer is taking up +140 kb more in memory. What part of the following code could possibly cause the leak: //The variable Rectangle finds where on the 2d array we should clear the pixels //Fillrect follows up by setting alpha 0 at that spot before we copy in nxt Sprite //Tiletype is a variable that holds what kind of tile the next tile in animation is //(from tileSheet) //drawTile() gets Sprite from tilesheet and copyPixels it into right position on canvas public function animateSprite():void{ tileGround.bitmapData.lock(); if(anmArray[0].tileType > 42){ anmArray[0].tileType = 40; frameCount = 0; } var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(anmArray[0].xtile * ts, anmArray[0].ytile * ts, ts, ts); tileGround.bitmapData.fillRect(rect, 0); anmArray[0].tileType = 40 + frameCount; drawTile(anmArray[0].tileType, anmArray[0].xtile, anmArray[0].ytile); frameCount++; tileGround.bitmapData.unlock(); } public function drawTile(spriteType:int, xt:int, yt:int):void{ var tileSprite:Bitmap = getImageFromSheet(spriteType, ts); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, ts, ts); var pt:Point = new Point(xt * ts, yt * ts); tileGround.bitmapData.copyPixels(tileSprite.bitmapData, rec, pt, null, null, true); } public function getImageFromSheet(spriteType:int, size:int):Bitmap{ var sheetColumns:int = tSheet.width/ts; var col:int = spriteType % sheetColumns; var row:int = Math.floor(spriteType/sheetColumns); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(col * ts, row * ts, size, size); var pt:Point = new Point(0,0); var correctTile:Bitmap = new Bitmap(new BitmapData(size, size, false, 0)); correctTile.bitmapData.copyPixels(tSheet, rec, pt, null, null, true); return correctTile; }

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  • Random map generation

    - by Thomas Owers
    I'm starting/started a 2D tilemap RPG game in Java and I want to implement random map generation. I have a list of different tiles, (dirt/sand/stone/grass/gravel etc) along with water tiles and path tiles, the problem I have is that I have no idea where to start on generating a map randomly. It would need to have terrain sections (Like a part of it will be sand, part dirt, etc.) Similar to how Minecraft is where you have different biomes and they seamlessly transform into each other. Lastly I would also need to add random paths into this as well going in different directions all over the map. I'm not asking anyone to write me all the code or anything, just piont me into the right direction please. tl;dr - Generate a tile map with biomes, paths and make sure the biomes seamlessly go into each other.

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  • Converting openGl code to DirectX

    - by Fredrik Boston Westman
    First of all, this is kind of a follow up question on @byte56 excellent anwser on this question concerning picking algorithms. I'm trying to convert one of his code examples to directX 11 however I have run in to some problems ( I can pick but the picking is way off), and I wanted to make sure I had done it rigth before moving on and checking the rest of my code. I am not that familiar with openGl but I can imagine openGl has diffrent coordinations systems, and functions that alters how you must implement to code abit. This is his code example: public Ray GetPickRay() { int mouseX = Mouse.getX(); int mouseY = WORLD.Byte56Game.getHeight() - Mouse.getY(); float windowWidth = WORLD.Byte56Game.getWidth(); float windowHeight = WORLD.Byte56Game.getHeight(); //get the mouse position in screenSpace coords double screenSpaceX = ((float) mouseX / (windowWidth / 2) - 1.0f) * aspectRatio; double screenSpaceY = (1.0f - (float) mouseY / (windowHeight / 2)); double viewRatio = Math.tan(((float) Math.PI / (180.f/ViewAngle) / 2.00f))* zoomFactor; screenSpaceX = screenSpaceX * viewRatio; screenSpaceY = screenSpaceY * viewRatio; //Find the far and near camera spaces Vector4f cameraSpaceNear = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * NearPlane), (float) (screenSpaceY * NearPlane), (float) (-NearPlane), 1); Vector4f cameraSpaceFar = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * FarPlane), (float) (screenSpaceY * FarPlane), (float) (-FarPlane), 1); //Unproject the 2D window into 3D to see where in 3D we're actually clicking Matrix4f tmpView = Matrix4f(view); Matrix4f invView = (Matrix4f) tmpView.invert(); Vector4f worldSpaceNear = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invView, cameraSpaceNear, worldSpaceNear); Vector4f worldSpaceFar = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invView, cameraSpaceFar, worldSpaceFar); //calculate the ray position and direction Vector3f rayPosition = new Vector3f(worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceNear.z); Vector3f rayDirection = new Vector3f(worldSpaceFar.x - worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceFar.y - worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceFar.z - worldSpaceNear.z); rayDirection.normalise(); return new Ray(rayPosition, rayDirection); } All rigths reserved to him of course This is my DirectX 11 code : void GraphicEngine::pickRayVector(float mouseX, float mouseY,XMVECTOR& pickRayInWorldSpacePos, XMVECTOR& pickRayInWorldSpaceDir) { float PRVecX, PRVecY; float nearPlane = 0.1f; float farPlane = 200.0f; floar viewAngle = 0.4 * 3.14; PRVecX = ((( 2.0f * mouseX) / ClientWidth ) - 1 ) * tan((viewAngle)/2); PRVecY = (1-(( 2.0f * mouseY) / ClientHeight)) * tan((viewAngle)/2); XMVECTOR cameraSpaceNear = XMVectorSet(PRVecX * nearPlane,PRVecY * nearPlane, -nearPlane, 1.0f); XMVECTOR cameraSpaceFar = XMVectorSet(PRVecX * farPlane,PRVecY * farPlane, -farPlane, 1.0f); // Transform 3D Ray from View space to 3D ray in World space XMMATRIX invMat; XMVECTOR matInvDeter; invMat = XMMatrixInverse(&matInvDeter, cam->getCameraView()); //Inverse of View Space matrix is World space matrix XMVECTOR worldSpaceNear = XMVector3TransformCoord(cameraSpaceNear, invMat); XMVECTOR worldSpaceFar = XMVector3TransformCoord(cameraSpaceFar, invMat); pickRayInWorldSpacePos = worldSpaceNear; pickRayInWorldSpaceDir = worldSpaceFar-worldSpaceNear; pickRayInWorldSpaceDir = XMVector3Normalize(pickRayInWorldSpaceDir); } A couple of notes: The mouse coordinates are already converted so that the top left corner of the client window would be (0,0) and the bottom rigth (800,600) ( or whatever resolution you would have) I hadn't used any far or near plane before, so i just made some arbitrary number up for them. To my understanding it shouldnt matter as long as the object you are trying to pick is in between the range of thoese numbers The viewAngle is the same angle that I used when setting the camera view with XMMatrixPerspectiveFovLH , I just hadn't made it a member variable of my Camera class yet. I removed the variable aspectRation and zoomFactor because I assumed that they where related to some specific function of his game. Now I'm not sure, but I think the problems lies either withing the mouse to viewspace conversion, maby that we use diffrent coordinations systems. Either that or how i transform the matrixes in the the end, because i know order is important when it comes to matrixes. Any help is appriciated! Thanks in advance. Edit: One more note, my code is in c++

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