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• How do I make a simple level system?

  - by ROROX

  I've been learning programming for a while and things are slow but steady. I only have a couple experiments that look something like a game (JavaScript,HTML5,CANVAS). One of the things I would like to establish this early in my process though is a basic level system to my games. I'm thinking like Atari, NES type simple. mainMenu , level1 , level2 , ... Later I'll work on including such screens as; titleScreen , pause , highScore. But for now just looking for the basics. Any good articles/tutorial links would help. Or just a snippet of code I can look over. Thank you kindly :)

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• Box2Dweb very slow on node.js

  - by Peteris

  I'm using Box2Dweb on node.js. I have a rotated box object that I apply an impulse to move around. The timestep is set at 50ms, however, it bumps up to 100ms and even 200ms as soon as I add any more edges or boxes. Here are the edges I would like to use as bounds around the playing area: // Computing the corners var upLeft = new b2Vec2(0, 0), lowLeft = new b2Vec2(0, height), lowRight = new b2Vec2(width, height), upRight = new b2Vec2(width, 0) // Edges bounding the visible game area var edgeFixDef = new b2FixtureDef edgeFixDef.friction = 0.5 edgeFixDef.restitution = 0.2 edgeFixDef.shape = new b2PolygonShape var edgeBodyDef = new b2BodyDef; edgeBodyDef.type = b2Body.b2_staticBody edgeFixDef.shape.SetAsEdge(upLeft, lowLeft) world.CreateBody(edgeBodyDef).CreateFixture(edgeFixDef) edgeFixDef.shape.SetAsEdge(lowLeft, lowRight) world.CreateBody(edgeBodyDef).CreateFixture(edgeFixDef) edgeFixDef.shape.SetAsEdge(lowRight, upRight) world.CreateBody(edgeBodyDef).CreateFixture(edgeFixDef) edgeFixDef.shape.SetAsEdge(upRight, upLeft) world.CreateBody(edgeBodyDef).CreateFixture(edgeFixDef) Can box2d really become this slow for even two bodies or is there some pitfall? It would be very surprising given all the demos which successfully use tens of objects.

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• Who should respond to collision: Unit or projectile?

  - by aleguna

  In an RTS if a projectile hits a unit. Who should handle the collision? If projectile handles the collision, it must be aware of all possible types of units, to know what damage to inflict. For example a bullet will likely kill a human, but it will do nothing to a tank. The same goes if unit handles a collision. So either way one of them should be aware of all possible types of the other. Of course the 'true' way would be to do full physics simulation, but that's not an option for an RTS with 1000s of units and projectiles... So what are the common practicies in this regards?

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• How to properly multi thread an RPG

  - by Nagrom_17

  I am working on an RPG type game in Java and I would like to know a few things relating to threading, What is the best way to implement a "wait for this then do this" without hanging the whole thread? Like waiting for a player to move to a location then pick up an item? or to wait one second then attack? Currently I am spawning new threads every time I need to wait for something, but that doesn't feel like the best solution. Any help is appreciated. EDIT: Clarification and an example of how I currently do things. User clicks on an item The function walkToAndPickUp(item) is called which is basically this: Make a new thread so we don't freeze the thread handling input while the player moves. Tell player to move to the item While the player is not at the item(The player moves through an update() function called in a different thread, I don't know how else to do it without freezing threads) Repeat until the player is at the item If the player is at the item then call delete item from map and add to inventory.

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• FPS camera specification

  - by user1095108

  I remember I once composed a FPS viewing transformation, as a composition of 3 rotations, each with an angle as a parameter. The first angle specified the left/right rotation around the y-axis, the second angle the up/down rotation around the x-axis, and the third around the z-axis. The viewing transformation was therefore specified by 3 angles. Naturally, this transformation had a gimbal lock, depending in what order the transformation were performed. What should I look at to derive my viewing transformation without the gimbal lock? I know the "lookAt" method already, but I consider that cumbersome. EDIT: MY first guess is to do the first 2 transformations to get a viewing direction and then the axis-angle rotation on this axis.

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• How to get distance from point to line with distinction between side of line?

  - by tesselode

  I'm making a 2d racing game. I'm taking the nice standard approach of having a set of points defining the center of the track and detecting whether the car is off the track by detecting its distance from the nearest point. The nicest way I've found of doing this is using the formula: d = |Am + Bn + C| / sqrt(A^2 + B^2) Unfortunately, to have proper collision resolution, I need to know which side of the line the car is hitting, but I can't do that with this formula because it only returns positive numbers. So my question is: is there a formula that will give me positive or negative numbers based on which side of the line the point is on? Can I just get rid of the absolute value in the formula or do I need to do something else?

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• Marching squares: Finding multiple contours within one source field?

  - by TravisG

  Principally, this is a follow-up-question to a problem from a few weeks ago, even though this is about the algorithm in general without application to my actual problem. The algorithm basically searches through all lines in the picture, starting from the top left of it, until it finds a pixel that is a border. In pseudo-C++: int start = 0; for(int i=0; i<amount_of_pixels; ++i) { if(pixels[i] == border) { start = i; break; } } When it finds one, it starts the marching squares algorithm and finds the contour to whatever object the pixel belongs to. Let's say I have something like this: Where everything except the color white is a border. And have found the contour points of the first blob: For the general algorithm it's over. It found a contour and has done its job. How can I move on to the other two blobs to find their contours as well?

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• XNA - Obtaining depth from the scene's render target?

  - by user1423893

  I'm currently rendering my scene to a render target so it can be used for rendering methods such as post processing and order independent transparency. rtScene = new RenderTarget2D( GraphicsDevice, GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters.BackBufferWidth, GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters.BackBufferHeight, false, SurfaceFormat.Rgba64, DepthFormat.Depth24Stencil8, // Requires a depth format for objects to be drawn correctly (e.g. wireframe model surrounding model) 0, RenderTargetUsage.PreserveContents ); I am required to use RenderTargetUsage.PreserveContents so that the same render target can be rendered to multiple times, once for each of the draw methods below. DrawBackground DrawDeferred DrawForward DrawTransparent The problem is that DrawTransparent requires a copy of the scene's depth as a texture. Is there any way to obtain this from the scene render target above (rtScene)? I can't have more than one render target with RenderTargetUsage.PreserveContents as this causes problems on hardware such as the XBOX 360, so rendering the depth to a separate render target at the same time as I render the scene isn't possible as far as I can tell. Would I be able to get around this problem by "Ping-Ponging" two render targets (using the more compatible RenderTargetUsage.DiscardContents) and using the result for the depth texture?

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• Problem with Update(GameTime) Methods and Pause implementation

  - by Adam

  I have the pause function implemented and it works correctly in that it dims the player screen and stops updating the gameplay. The problem is that GameTime continues to increase while it is paused, so my method that checks gameTime versus previousSpawnTime before spawning another enemy gets messed up and if the game is paused too long it is noticeable that the next enemy draws far too early. Here is my code for the enemy update. private void UpdateEnemies(GameTime gameTime) { // Spawn a new enemy every 1.5 seconds if (gameTime.TotalGameTime - previousSpawnTime > enemySpawnTime) { previousSpawnTime = gameTime.TotalGameTime; // Add an Enemy AddEnemy(); } ... I also have other methods that depend on gameTime. I've tried getting the total pause time and subtracting that from the total game time, but I can't seem to get it to work correctly if that is the way I should go about solving this. If you need to see any other code let me know. Thank you.

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• HowTo Enable jBullet DebugMode

  - by Kenneth Bray

  I would like to render the physics world of jBullet to debug some issues in my game, and I am not finding too much on enabling the debugDraw method of jBullet. Do I need to write my own debugDraw method, or is there an easier way to draw the physics models to the screen? If there is already a built in method I would prefer to use that, otherwise I guess I will start making my own functions to handle this.

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• Is this the most effect simple way to display a moving image? SDL2

  - by user36324

  I've looked around for tutorials on SDL2, but there isnt many so I am curious i was messing around and is this an effective way to move an image. One problem is that it drags along the image to where it moves. #include "SDL.h" #include "SDL_image.h" int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { bool exit = false; SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING); SDL_Window *win = SDL_CreateWindow("Hello World!", 100, 100, 640, 480, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN); SDL_Renderer *ren = SDL_CreateRenderer(win, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED | SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC); SDL_Surface *png = IMG_Load("character.png"); SDL_Rect src; src.x = 0; src.y = 0; src.w = 161; src.h = 159; SDL_Rect dest; dest.x = 50; dest.y = 50; dest.w = 161; dest.h = 159; SDL_Texture *tex = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(ren, png); SDL_FreeSurface(png); while(exit==false){ dest.x++; SDL_RenderClear(ren); SDL_RenderCopy(ren, tex, &src, &dest); SDL_RenderPresent(ren); } SDL_Delay(5000); SDL_DestroyTexture(tex); SDL_DestroyRenderer(ren); SDL_DestroyWindow(win); SDL_Quit(); }

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• Detailed Modern Opengl Tutorial?

  - by Kogesho

  I am asking for a specific modern opengl tutorial. I need a tutorial that does not skip to explain any lines of code. It should also include different independent objects moving/rotating (most tutorials use only one object), as well as imported 3d objects and collision detection for them. It should also avoid stuff that won't be used. Arcysnthesis for example gives a new concept, and after teaching it, in the next tutorial, it explains how bad it is for performance and introduces another method. Do you know any?

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• enemy behavior with boundary to change direction

  - by BadSniper

  I'm doing space shooter kind of game, the logic is to reflect the enemy if it hits the boundary. With my logic, sometimes enemy behaves like flickering instead of changing the velocity. It's like trapped in the boundary and checking for if loops. This is my code for velocity changing: if(this->enemyPos.x>14) { this->enemyVel.x = -this->enemyVel.x; } if(this->enemyPos.x<-14) { this->enemyVel.x = -this->enemyVel.x; } How can I get around this? Its going out of boundary and don't know where to go and after sometimes its coming into field. I know whats the problem is, I dont know how to get around this problem.

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• Constrained A* problem

  - by Ragekit

  I've got a little problem with an A* algorithm that I need to Constrained a little bit. Basically : I use an A* to find the shortest path between 2 randomly placed room in 3D space, and then build a corridor between them. The problem I found is that sometimes it makes chimney like corridors that are not ideal, so I constrict the A* so that if the last movement was up or down, you go sideways. Everything is fine, but in some corner cases, it fails to find a path (when there is obviously one). Like here between the blue and red dot : (i'm in unity btw, but i don't think it matters) Here is the code of the actual A* (a bit long, and some redundency) while(current != goal) { //add stair up / stair down foreach(Node<GridUnit> test in current.Neighbors) { if(!test.Data.empty && test != goal) continue; //bug at arrival; if(test == goal && penul !=null) { Vector3 currentDiff = current.Data.bounds.center - test.Data.bounds.center; if(!Mathf.Approximately(currentDiff.y,0)) { //wanna drop on the last if(!coplanar(test.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center,to.Data.bounds.center)) { continue; } else { if(Mathf.Approximately(to.Data.bounds.center.x, current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center.x) && Mathf.Approximately(to.Data.bounds.center.z, current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center.z)) { continue; } } } } if(current.Data.parentUnit != null) { Vector3 previousDiff = current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center - current.Data.bounds.center; Vector3 currentDiff = current.Data.bounds.center - test.Data.bounds.center; if(!Mathf.Approximately(previousDiff.y,0)) { if(!Mathf.Approximately(currentDiff.y,0)) { //you wanna drop now : continue; } if(current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit != null) { if(!coplanar(test.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center,current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit.bounds.center)) { continue; }else { if(Mathf.Approximately(test.Data.bounds.center.x, current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit.bounds.center.x) && Mathf.Approximately(test.Data.bounds.center.z, current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit.bounds.center.z)) { continue; } } } } } g = current.Data.g + HEURISTIC(current.Data,test.Data); h = HEURISTIC(test.Data,goal.Data); f = g + h; if(open.Contains(test) || closed.Contains(test)) { if(test.Data.f > f) { //found a shorter path going passing through that point test.Data.f = f; test.Data.g = g; test.Data.h = h; test.Data.parentUnit = current.Data; } } else { //jamais rencontré test.Data.f = f; test.Data.h = h; test.Data.g = g; test.Data.parentUnit = current.Data; open.Add(test); } } closed.Add (current); if(open.Count == 0) { Debug.Log("nothingfound"); //nothing more to test no path found, stay to from; List<GridUnit> r = new List<GridUnit>(); r.Add(from.Data); return r; } //sort open from small to biggest travel cost open.Sort(delegate(Node<GridUnit> x, Node<GridUnit> y) { return (int)(x.Data.f-y.Data.f); }); //get the smallest travel cost node; Node<GridUnit> smallest = open[0]; current = smallest; open.RemoveAt(0); } //build the path going backward; List<GridUnit> ret = new List<GridUnit>(); if(penul != null) { ret.Insert(0,to.Data); } GridUnit cur = goal.Data; ret.Insert(0,cur); do{ cur = cur.parentUnit; ret.Insert(0,cur); } while(cur != from.Data); return ret; You see at the start of the foreach i constrict the A* like i said. If you have any insight it would be cool. Thanks

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• 3D RTS pathfinding

  - by xcrypt

  I understand the A* algorithm, but I have some trouble doing it in 3D to suit the needs of my RTS Basically, in the game I'm making, there will be agents with different sizes of OBB collision boxes. I can use steering behaviours for avoiding other agents, so I don't need complete dynamic pathfinding. However, there is a problem because different agents have different collision geometry, and structures can be placed in almost any place. This means that there might be a gap between two structures where some agents can go through and some can't. A solution I have found to this problem is to do a sweep of the collision geometry of the agent from start node of the edge the pf algorithm is currently testing, to the end node of that edge. But this is probably a bit overkill since every edge the algorithm tests would also have to create and test with a collision geometry sweep. What are some reasonable approaches to this problem? I should mention that I'd prefer not to use navmeshes, I prefer waypoints because my entire system is based on it atm.

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• ERROR #342: DEVICE_SHADER_LINKAGE_SEMANTICNAME_NOT_FOUND

  - by Telanor

  I've stared at this for at least half an hour now and I cannot figure out what directx is complaining about. I know this error normally means you put float3 instead of a float4 or something like that, but I've checked over and over and as far as I can tell, everything matches. This is the full error message: D3D11: ERROR: ID3D11DeviceContext::DrawIndexed: Input Assembler - Vertex Shader linkage error: Signatures between stages are incompatible. The input stage requires Semantic/Index (COLOR,0) as input, but it is not provided by the output stage. [ EXECUTION ERROR #342: DEVICE_SHADER_LINKAGE_SEMANTICNAME_NOT_FOUND ] This is the vertex shader's input signature as seen in PIX: // Input signature: // // Name Index Mask Register SysValue Format Used // -------------------- ----- ------ -------- -------- ------ ------ // POSITION 0 xyz 0 NONE float xyz // NORMAL 0 xyz 1 NONE float // COLOR 0 xyzw 2 NONE float The HLSL structure looks like this: struct VertexShaderInput { float3 Position : POSITION0; float3 Normal : NORMAL0; float4 Color: COLOR0; }; The input layout, from PIX, is: The C# structure holding the data looks like this: [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct PositionColored { public static int SizeInBytes = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(PositionColored)); public static InputElement[] InputElements = new[] { new InputElement("POSITION", 0, Format.R32G32B32_Float, 0), new InputElement("NORMAL", 0, Format.R32G32B32_Float, 0), new InputElement("COLOR", 0, Format.R32G32B32A32_Float, 0) }; Vector3 position; Vector3 normal; Vector4 color; #region Properties ... #endregion public PositionColored(Vector3 position, Vector3 normal, Vector4 color) { this.position = position; this.normal = normal; this.color = color; } public override string ToString() { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(base.ToString()); sb.Append(" Position="); sb.Append(position); sb.Append(" Color="); sb.Append(Color); return sb.ToString(); } } SizeInBytes comes out to 40, which is correct (4*3 + 4*3 + 4*4 = 40). Can anyone find where the mistake is?

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• Figuring out what object is closer to a certain point?

  - by user1157885

  I'm trying to create fog of war, I have the visual effect created but I'm not sure how to deal with the hiding of other players if they're within the fog of war. So right now the thing I'm trying to do is if another player is hiding behind a wall then not to render that player. I was thinking of doing it by sending a ray in the direction of all the players, and then creating a list of all the obstacles that ray collides with and then trying to figure out if an obstacle was closer than the player in order to predict the distance. But then I realized I'm not really sure how to figure out if the obstacle is infact closer or not because I have to account for all the dimensions, so I'm kind of stuck. First of all is this approach the correct way to go about it and secondly how would I calculate if the obstacle was infact closer taking into account the X Y and Z. Thanks

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• Java chunk negative number problem

  - by user1990950

  I've got a tile based map, which is divided in chunks. I got a method, which puts tiles in this map and with positive numbers it's working. But when using negative numbers it wont work. This is my setTile method: public static void setTile(int x, int y, Tile tile) { int chunkX = x / Chunk.CHUNK_SIZE, chunkY = y / Chunk.CHUNK_SIZE; IntPair intPair = new IntPair(chunkX, chunkY); world.put(intPair, new Chunk(chunkX, chunkY)); world.get(intPair).setTile(x - chunkX * Chunk.CHUNK_SIZE, y - chunkY * Chunk.CHUNK_SIZE, tile); } This is the setTile method in the chunk class (CHUNK_SIZE is a constant with the value 64): public void setTile(int x, int y, Tile t) { if (x >= 0 && x < CHUNK_SIZE && y >= 0 && y < CHUNK_SIZE) tiles[x][y] = t; } What's wrong with my code?

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• Dynamic quadrees

  - by paul424

  recently I come out writing Quadtree for creatures culling in Opendungeons game. Thing is those are moving points and bounding hierarchy will quickly get lost if the quadtree is not rebuild very often. I have several variants, first is to upgrade the leaf position , every time creature move is requested. ( note if I would need collision detection anyway, so this might be necessery anyway). Second would be making leafs enough large , that the creature would sure stay inside it's bounding box ( due to its speed limit). The partition of a plane in quadtree is always fixed ( modulo the hierarchical unions of some parts) . For creatures close to the center of the plane , there would be no way of keeping it but inside one big leaf, besides this brokes the invariant that each point can be put into any small area as desired. So on the second thought could I use several quadrees ? Each would have its "coordinate axis XY" somwhere shifted ? Before I start playing with this maybe some other space diving structure would suit me better, unfortunetly wiki does not compare it's execution time : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_%28spatial_index%29#See_also

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• Getting the front buffer into a gfx mem surface (Dx9)

  - by lapin

  I'm using DirectX 9 to acquire the frontbuffer. There are a couple of ways I know of to get at the front buffer: GetRenderTargetData() GetFrontBufferData() The MSDN page on both of these API calls state that the data is copied from device memory to system memory. I'd like to copy the front buffer surface directly to another graphics memory surface, as I have other manipulations to perform on the acquired surface before returning it to system memory. I'm creating a D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC texture (gfx mem texture) and calling GetFrontBufferData() to write the front buffer to my textures surface0. Is this valid? Will the operation remain in gfx memory, or will it need to move to system memory and then back to graphics memory? If this is the case, is what I'm trying to achieve possible?

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• My Sprite comes out the screen

  - by IlNero

  If i an action moves the sprite,how can i keep the CCSprite on the screen???? this is my code: [enemy runAction:[CCSequence actions:[CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:2.0 position:ccp(-winSize.width*0.4, 0)], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.3,winSize.width*0.3), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.3, -winSize.height*0.3))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.2,winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.3,winSize.width*0.3), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.3, -winSize.height*0.3))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.2,winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.3,winSize.width*0.3), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.3, -winSize.height*0.3))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.2,winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:2.0 position:ccp(-winSize.width*1.5, 0)], [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(invisNode:)], nil]]; but whit this code the sprite sometimes comes out the screen, i need the sprite moves randomly in the screen without comes out..

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• Particle Effect Completion

  - by Siddharth

  In my game I use particle effect for various purposes. In that I detect the completion of the particle effect. Basically I want to do something after completion of the particle effect. But the problem is that I didn't able to find the particle effect completion. So any community member please help me. EDIT : I was creating particle effect using following code pointParticleEmtitter = new PointParticleEmitter(pX, pY); particleSystem = new ParticleSystem(pointParticleEmtitter, maxRate, minRate, maxParticles, mParticleTextureRegion.deepCopy()); particleSystem.setBlendFunction(GL10.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL10.GL_ONE); particleSystem.addParticleInitializer(new ColorInitializer(0f, 0f, 1f)); particleSystem.addParticleModifier(new AlphaModifier(1, 0, 0, 0.5f)); particleSystem.addParticleModifier(new ExpireModifier(0.5f)); gameObject.getScene().attachChild(particleSystem); Using above code the particle effect was started but when finished that I want to detect. After finishing effect I want to remove the object from the scene.

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• Storing Tiled Level Data in J2ME game

  - by Alex

  I'm developing a J2ME game which uses tiled backgrounds for the levels. My question is how do I store this tile information in my game. At the moment it is stored as an array; with each number representing a different tile from the tile-sheet. This works well enough, however I don't like the fact that it is 'hard-coded' into the game because (at least in my opinion) it is harder to edit the levels, or design new ones. I was also thinking that it would be difficult if you wanted to add a 'level pack', I'm not sure on how this would be achieved though; it's not something I was planning on doing, I'm just curious. I was wondering if there was a way I could store level data in some external file and then load this in to the game. The problem is I don't know what the limitations are for J2ME regarding file I/O, can it read in any file like Java? I am aware of the RMS, but from my experience I don't think this would work (unless I am mistaken). Also, would loading the data in this way be too big a performance hit? Or is there another way I can achieve what I am trying to do. As I said, the way I have it at the moment works fine, and if this is the only viable option then it will suffice.

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• How to calculate continuous motion with angular velocity in 2d

  - by Rulk

  I'm really new with physics. Maybe someone would be able to help me to solve the next problem: I need to calculate position of an agent on the plane(2D) in next time step where time step is large(20+ seconds) What I know about agent's motion: Initial Position Direction(normalised vector) Velocity(linear function from time ) - object always moves along it's direction Angular Velocity(linear function from time) Optional: External force direction External force (linear function from time) Running discreet simulation with t-0 is not an option.

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• Questions before I revamp my rendering engine to use shaders (GLSL)

  - by stephelton

  I've written a fairly robust rendering engine using OpenGL ES 1.1 (fixed-function.) I've been looking into revamping the engine to use OpenGL ES 2.0, which necessitates that I use shaders. I've been absorbing information all day long and still have some questions. Firstly, lighting. The fixed-function pipeline is guaranteed to have at least 8 lights available. My current engine finds lights that are "close" to the primitives being drawn and enables them; I don't know how many lights are going to be enabled until I draw a given model. Nothing is dynamically allocated in GLSL, so I have to define in a shader some number of lights to be used, right? So if I want to stick with 8, should I write my general purpose shader to have 8 lights and then use uniforms to tell it how many / which lights to use? Which brings me to another question: should I be concerned with the amount of data I'm allocating in a shader? Recent video cards have hundreds of "stream processors." If I've got a fragment shader being used on some number of fragments in a given triangle, I assume they must each have their own stack to work on. Are read-only variables copied here, or read when needed? My initial goal is to rework my code so that it is virtually identical to the current implementation. What I have in mind is to create my own matrix stack so that I can implement something along the lines of push/popMatrix and apply all my translations, rotations, and scales to this matrix, then provide the matrix to the vertex shader so that it can make very quick vertex translations. Is this approach sound? Edit: My original intention was to ask if there was a tutorial that would explain the bare minimum necessary to jump from fixed-function to using shaders. Thanks!

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