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  • How to return a value when destroying/cleaning-up an object instance

    - by Mridang Agarwalla
    When I initiate a class in Python, I give it some values. I then call method in the class which does something. Here's a snippet: class TestClass(): def __init__(self): self.counter = 0 def doSomething(self): self.counter = self.counter + 1 print 'Hiya' if __name__ == "__main__": obj = TestClass() obj.doSomething() obj.doSomething() obj.doSomething() print obj.counter As you can see, everytime I call the doSomething method, it prints some text and increments an internal variable i.e. counter. When I initiate the class, i set the counter variable to 0. When I destroy the object, I'd like to return the internal counter variable. What would be a good way of doing this? I wanted to know if there were other ways apart from doing stuff like: accessing the variable directly. Like obj.counter. creating a method like getCounter. Thanks.

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  • Is there a recommended command for "hg bisect --command"?

    - by blokeley
    I have an emergent bug that I've got to track down tomorrow. I know a previous hg revision which was good so I'm thinking about using hg bisect. However, I'm on Windows and don't want to get into DOS scripting. Ideally, I'd be able to write a Python unit test and have hg bisect use that. This is my first attempt. bisector.py #!/usr/bin/env python import sys import unittest class TestCase(unittest.TestCase): def test(self): #raise Exception('Exception for testing.') #self.fail("Failure for testing.") pass def main(): suite = unittest.defaultTestLoader.loadTestsFromTestCase(TestCase) result = unittest.TestResult() suite.run(result) if result.errors: # Skip the revision return 125 if result.wasSuccessful(): return 0 else: return 1 if '__main__' == __name__: sys.exit(main()) Perhaps I could then run: hg bisect --reset hg bisect --bad hg bisect --good -r 1 hg bisect --command=bisector.py Is there a better way of doing it? Thanks for any advice.

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  • ruby block and returning something from block

    - by dorelal
    I am using ruby 1.8.7. p = lambda { return 10;} def lab(block) puts 'before' puts block.call puts 'after' end lab p Above code output is before 10 after I refactored same code into this def lab(&block) puts 'before' puts block.call puts 'after' end lab { return 10; } Now I am getting LocalJumpError: unexpected return. To me both the code are doing same thing. Yes in the first case I am passing a proc and in the second case I am passing a block. But &block converts that block into proc. So proc.call should behave same. And yes I have seen this post http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2325471/using-return-in-a-ruby-block

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  • Rails: common approach for handling exceptions in restful actions on objects that have been destroye

    - by Greg
    It is very common in Rails for an objects_controller controller to have RESTful edit and destroy actions like so: def edit @object = Object.find(params[:id]) end def destroy @object = Object.find(params[:id]) @object.destroy redirect_to :back end With an associated view that provides edit and destroy links like so: <%= link_to "Edit the Object", edit_object_path(object) %> <%= link_to "Delete", object, :confirm => 'Are you sure?', :method => :delete %> And it is easy to blow this up. If I open two browser windows, A and B, destroy an object with the "Delete" link in browser A and then press the "Edit" link in browser B, the find() in the edit action throws an exception. Obviously there are several ways to deal with this in the edit action: catch the exception and recover gracefully use @object = find(:first, "conditions... etc. and test the @object before going further But seeing as this is such a common pattern, I would love to know how other folks deal with this situation.

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  • Grails: Querying Associations causes groovy.lang.MissingMethodException

    - by Paul
    Hi, I've got an issue with Grails where I have a test app with: class Artist { static constraints = { name() } static hasMany = [albums:Album] String name } class Album { static constraints = { name() } static hasMany = [ tracks : Track ] static belongsTo = [artist: Artist] String name } class Track { static constraints = { name() lyrics(nullable: true) } Lyrics lyrics static belongsTo = [album: Album] String name } The following query (and a more advanced, nested association query) works in the Grails Console but fails with a groovy.lang.MissingMethodException when running the app with 'run-app': def albumCriteria = tunehub.Album.createCriteria() def albumResults = albumCriteria.list { like("name", receivedAlbum) artist { like("name", receivedArtist) } // Fails here maxResults(1) } Stacktrace: groovy.lang.MissingMethodException: No signature of method: java.lang.String.call() is applicable for argument types: (tunehub.LyricsService$_getLyrics_closure1_closure2) values: [tunehub.LyricsService$_getLyrics_closure1_closure2@604106] Possible solutions: wait(), any(), wait(long), each(groovy.lang.Closure), any(groovy.lang.Closure), trim() at tunehub.LyricsService$_getLyrics_closure1.doCall(LyricsService.groovy:61) at tunehub.LyricsService$_getLyrics_closure1.doCall(LyricsService.groovy) (...truncated...) Any pointers?

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  • How to write two-dimensional array to xml in Scala 2.8.0

    - by Shadowlands
    The following code (copied from a question from about a year ago) works fine under Scala 2.7.7, but does not behave correctly under Scala 2.8.0 (Beta 1, RC8). import scala.xml class Person(name : String, age : Int) { def toXml(): xml.Elem = <person><name>{ name }</name><age>{ age }</age></person> } def peopleToXml(people: Array[Person]): xml.Elem = { <people>{ for {person <- people} yield person.toXml }</people> } val data = Array(new Person("joe",40), new Person("mary", 35)) println(peopleToXml(data)) The output (according to 2.7.7) should be: <people><person><name>joe</name><age>40</age></person><person><name>mary</name><age>35</age></person></people> but instead comes out as: <people>\[Lscala.xml.Elem;@17821782</people> How do I get this to behave as it did in 2.7.x?

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  • How to update user info with restful_authentication plugin in Rails?

    - by benoror
    Hi people, I want to give the users to change their account info with restful_authentication plugin in rails. I added this two methods to my controller: def edit @user = User.find(params[:id]) end def update @user = User.find(params[:id]) # Only update password when necessary params[:user].delete(:password) if pàrams[:user][:password].blank? respond_to do |format| if @user.update_attributes(params[:user]) flash[:notice] = 'User was successfully updated.' format.html { redirect_to(@user) } format.xml { head :ok } else format.html { render :action => "edit" } format.xml { render :xml => @user.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity } end end end Also, I copied new.html.erb to edit.html.erb. Considering that resources are already defined in routes.rb I was expecting it to work easily, bute somehow when I click the save button it calls the create method, instead of update, using a POST http request. Any ideas?

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  • Rails: How to produce 404 or redirect upon undesired url exploitation?

    - by Baby Diego
    I want to hide the urls for editing users and their profiles behind safer and meaningful urls. For instance, I want /user/13/edit to be /settings/account and /user/13/profile/edit to be /settings/profile. I managed to achieve that, but for that I had to load the user information from the current_user bit from the session. Like so: # users_controller def edit @user = current_user end # profiles_controller def edit @user = current_user @profile = @user.profile end But now, since I can't compare @user.id from the params with the current_user in the session, how can I stop the old urls (/user/13/edit and /user/13/profile/edit) from being exploitable? They always load the forms for the current user, so there's no harm done, but I'd be more comfortable if they just produced a 404 error or something. Thanks in advance.

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  • Python having problems writing/reading and testing in a correct format

    - by Ionut
    I’m trying to make a program that will do the following: check if auth_file exists if yes - read file and try to login using data from that file - if data is wrong - request new data if no - request some data and then create the file and fill it with requested data So far: import json import getpass import os import requests filename = ".auth_data" auth_file = os.path.realpath(filename) url = 'http://example.com/api' headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'} def load_auth_file(): try: f = open(auth_file, "r") auth_data = f.read() r = requests.get(url, auth=auth_data, headers=headers) if r.reason == 'OK': return auth_data else: print "Incorrect login..." req_auth() except IOError: f = file(auth_file, "w") f.write(req_auth()) f.close() def req_auth(): user = str(raw_input('Username: ')) password = getpass.getpass('Password: ') auth_data = (user, password) r = requests.get(url, auth=auth_data, headers=headers) if r.reason == 'OK': return user, password elif r.reason == "FORBIDDEN": print "Incorrect login information..." req_auth() return False I have the following problems(understanding and applying the correct way): I can't find a correct way of storing the returned data from req_auth() to auth_file in a format that can be read and used in load_auth file PS: Of course I'm a beginner in Python and I'm sure I have missed some key elements here :(

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  • Python: Getting the attribute name that the created object will be given

    - by cool-RR
    Before I ask this, do note: I want this for debugging purposes. I know that this is going to be some bad black magic, but I want to use it just during debugging so I could identify my objects more easily. It's like this. I have some object from class A that creates a few B instances as attributes: class A(object): def __init__(self) self.vanilla_b = B() self.chocolate_b = B() class B(object): def __init__(self): # ... What I want is that in B.__init__, it will figure out the "vanilla_b" or whatever attribute name it was given, and then put that as the .name attribute to this specific B. Then in debugging when I see some B object floating around, I could know which one it is. Is there any way to do this?

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  • Why are all response bodies after the first blank in Cucumber?

    - by James A. Rosen
    I'm using Cucumber (0.6.3), Cucumber-Rails (0.3.0), Webrat (0.7.0), and Rails (2.3.5) for some tests. The following scenario passes just fine: Scenario: load one page Given I am on the home page Then I should see "Welcome" The following, however, fails: Scenario: load two pages Given I am on the FAQ pag When I go to the home page Then I should see "Welcome" The problem is that the second @response.body is blank. I added a Rack middleware to get a little more information: class LogEachRequest def initialize(app); @app = app; @count = 0; end def call(env) puts "Processing request # #{@count += 1)" @app.call(env) end end It shows me only one request processed. That is, it only ever prints out Processing request # 1

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  • super() in Python 2.x without args

    - by Slava Vishnyakov
    Trying to convert super(B, self).method() into a simple nice bubble() call. Did it, see below! Is it possible to get reference to class B in this example? class A(object): pass class B(A): def test(self): test2() class C(B): pass import inspect def test2(): frame = inspect.currentframe().f_back cls = frame.[?something here?] # cls here should == B (class) c = C() c.test() Basically, C is child of B, B is child of A. Then we create c of type C. Then the call to c.test() actually calls B.test() (via inheritance), which calls to test2(). test2() can get the parent frame frame; code reference to method via frame.f_code; self via frame.f_locals['self']; but type(frame.f_locals['self']) is C (of course), but not B, where method is defined. Any way to get B?

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  • acl9 and devise don't seem to work well together

    - by Nik
    I have a user model which is access controlled by ACL9 in userscontroller: ACL9 related stuff before_filter :load_user, :only = [:show] access_control do allow :owner, :of = :user, :to = [:show] end def load_user user = User.find(params[:id]) end in ApplicaitonController I have a rescue_from 'Acl9::AccessDenied', :with = :access_denied def access_denied authenticate_user! # a method from Devise end it is no problem to type in url for sign in page http://localhost:3000/users/sign_in but it is a problem when for example I type in the user page first, which I am to expect to be redirected to sign in page automatically thru the logic above http://localhost:3000/users/1 #= infinite redirect hell. it tries to redirect back to users/1 again(!?) instead of directing to users/sign_in Does anyone have an opinion as to what might be going wrong? Thanks!

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  • Using Property Builtin with GAE Datastore's Model

    - by ejel
    I want to make attributes of GAE Model properties. The reason is for cases like to turn the value into uppercase before storing it. For a plain Python class, I would do something like: Foo(db.Model): def get_attr(self): return self.something def set_attr(self, value): self.something = value.upper() if value != None else None attr = property(get_attr, set_attr) However, GAE Datastore have their own concept of Property class, I looked into the documentation and it seems that I could override get_value_for_datastore(model_instance) to achieve my goal. Nevertheless, I don't know what model_instance is and how to extract the corresponding field from it. Is overriding GAE Property classes the right way to provides getter/setter-like functionality? If so, how to do it? Added: One potential issue of overriding get_value_for_datastore that I think of is it might not get called before the object was put into datastore. Hence getting the attribute before storing the object would yield an incorrect value.

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  • Too Few Arguments

    - by NoahClark
    I am trying to get some Javascript working in my Rails app. I want to have my index page allow me to edit individual items on the index page, and then reload the index page upon edit. My index.html.erb page looks like: <div id="index"> <%= render 'index' %> </div> In my index.js.erb I have: $('#index').html("<%=j render 'index' %>"); and in my holders_controller: def edit holder = Holder.find(params[:id]) end def update @holder = Holder.find(params[:id]) if @holder.update_attributes(params[:holder]) format.html { redirect_to holders_path } #, flash[:success] = "holder updated") ## ^---Line 28 in error format.js else render 'edit' end end When I load the index page it is fine. As soon as click the edit button and it submits the form, I get the following: But if I go back and refresh the index page, the edits are saved. What am I doing wrong?

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  • Mocking imported modules in Python

    - by Evgenyt
    I'm trying to implement unit tests for function that uses imported external objects. For example helpers.py is: import os import pylons def some_func(arg): ... var1 = os.path.exist(...) var2 = os.path.getmtime(...) var3 = pylons.request.environ['HTTP_HOST'] ... So when I'm creating unit test for it I do some mocking (minimock in my case) and replacing references to pylons.request and os.path: import helpers def test_some_func(): helpers.pylons.request = minimock.Mock("pylons.request") helpers.pylons.request.environ = { 'HTTP_HOST': "localhost" } helpers.os.path = minimock.Mock(....) ... some_func(...) # assert ... This does not look good for me. Is there any other better way or strategy to substitute imported function/objects in Python?

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  • Python 3.1 - Memory Error during sampling of a large list

    - by jimy
    The input list can be more than 1 million numbers. When I run the following code with smaller 'repeats', its fine; def sample(x): length = 1000000 new_array = random.sample((list(x)),length) return (new_array) def repeat_sample(x): i = 0 repeats = 100 list_of_samples = [] for i in range(repeats): list_of_samples.append(sample(x)) return(list_of_samples) repeat_sample(large_array) However, using high repeats such as the 100 above, results in MemoryError. Traceback is as follows; Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python31\rnd.py", line 221, in <module> STORED_REPEAT_SAMPLE = repeat_sample(STORED_ARRAY) File "C:\Python31\rnd.py", line 129, in repeat_sample list_of_samples.append(sample(x)) File "C:\Python31\rnd.py", line 121, in sample new_array = random.sample((list(x)),length) File "C:\Python31\lib\random.py", line 309, in sample result = [None] * k MemoryError I am assuming I'm running out of memory. I do not know how to get around this problem. Thank you for your time!

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  • PUT parameters not working in python / google app engine

    - by magegu
    hi, i'm working on a simple RESTful webservice with python with the webapp framework on the google app engine. Basically i'm sending all request via AJAX/jquery - for POST it works like a charm, but when I'm sending data with PUT, the parameters are empty / not processed. this is my PUT: $.ajax({ type: "PUT", url: "/boxes", data: { name: this.name, archived: this.archived }, success: function(msg){ } }); firebug saids i'm putting: Parameter application/x-www-form-urlencoded archived false name 123112323asdasd but using this python code: from google.appengine.ext import webapp from google.appengine.ext.webapp import util, template from google.appengine.ext import db from google.appengine.api.datastore_types import * from django.utils import simplejson as json import cgi import datetime class BoxHandler(webapp.RequestHandler): def post(self): #working print "test" self.response.out.write(self.request.get("name")) def put(self): print "test" #not working self.response.out.write(self.request.get("name")) will just return test Status: 200 OK Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Cache-Control: no-cache Expires: Fri, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT Content-Length: 0 so .. hm, is there anything i'm missing here? cheers, Martin

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  • Overriding constructors

    - by demas
    Here is sample code: class One def initialize(*args) case args.size when 0 puts "one initialize" when 1 puts "one initialize #{args[0]}" end end end class Two def initialize(*args) if args.size == 2 then puts "two initialize #{args[0]} and #{args[1]}" else super(args) end end end one = One.new one = One.new("thing") two = Two.new("some", "other") two = Two.new("some") Now I'm launching the code and getting the error message: [[email protected]][~/temp]% ruby test2.rb one initialize one initialize thing two initialize some and other test2.rb:17:in `initialize': wrong number of arguments(1 for 0) (ArgumentError) from test2.rb:17:in `initialize' from test2.rb:26:in `new' from test2.rb:26:in `<main>' How can I call parent's constructor from class Two ?

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  • how to use execute() in groovy to run any command

    - by drake
    I usually build my project using these two commands from command line (dos) G:\> cd c: C:\> cd c:\my\directory\where\ant\exists C:\my\directory\where\ant\exists> ant -Mysystem ... ..... build successful What If I want to do the above from groovy instead? groovy has execute() method but following does not work for me: def cd_command = "cd c:" def proc = cd_command.execute() proc.waitFor() it gives error: Caught: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "cd": CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified at ant_groovy.run(ant_groovy.groovy:2)

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  • Loop colours from variables for graphics.py [Python 3.2]

    - by user1056548
    I am creating a graphics program that draws 100 x 100 squares next to each other depending on the user-specified grid size. The user also inputs 4 colours for the squares to be coloured (e.g. if they enter red,green,blue,yellow the squares will be coloured in that order, repeating the colours). Is it possible to loop the colours from the variables the user has given? Here is what I have so far: def main(): print ("Please enter four comma seperated colours e.g.: 'red,green,blue,yellow'\n\ Allowed colours are: red, green, blue, yellow and cyan") col1, col2, col3, col4 = input("Enter your four colours: ").split(',') win = GraphWin ("Squares", 500, 500) colours = [col1, col2, col3, col4] drawSquare (win, col1, col2, col3, col4, colours) win.getMouse() win.close() def drawSquare(win, col1, col2, col3, col4, colours): for i in range (4): for j in range (len(colours)): colour = colours[j] x = 50 + (i * 50) circle = Circle (Point (x,50), 20) circle.setFill(colour) circle.draw(win) I think I should be using a list in some way, but can't work out exactly how to do it. Can anybody help?

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  • Ruby: Calling class method from instance

    - by Peter
    In Ruby, how do you call a class method from one of that class's instances? Say I have class Truck def self.default_make # Class method. "mac" end def initialize # Instance method. Truck.default_make # gets the default via the class's method. # But: I wish to avoid mentioning Truck. Seems I'm repeating myself. end end the line Truck.default_make retrieves the default. But is there a way of saying this without mentioning Truck? It seems like there should be.

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  • Using the AND and NOT Operator in Python

    - by NoahClark
    Here is my custom class that I have that represents a triangle. I'm trying to write code that checks to see if self.a, self.b, and self.c are greater than 0, which would mean that I have Angle, Angle, Angle. Below you will see the code that checks for A and B, however when I use just self.a != 0 then it works fine. I believe I'm not using & correctly. Any ideas? Here is how I am calling it: print myTri.detType() class Triangle: # Angle A To Angle C Connects Side F # Angle C to Angle B Connects Side D # Angle B to Angle A Connects Side E def __init__(self, a, b, c, d, e, f): self.a = a self.b = b self.c = c self.d = d self.e = e self.f = f def detType(self): #Triangle Type AAA if self.a != 0 & self.b != 0: return self.a #If self.a > 10: #return AAA #Triangle Type AAS #elif self.a = 0: #return AAS #Triangle Type ASA #Triangle Type SAS #Triangle Type SSS #else: #return unknown

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  • Python metaclass to run a class method automatically on derived class

    - by Barry Steyn
    I want to automatically run a class method defined in a base class on any derived class during the creation of the class. For instance: class Base(object): @classmethod def runme(): print "I am being run" def __metclass__(cls,parents,attributes): clsObj = type(cls,parents,attributes) clsObj.runme() return clsObj class Derived(Base): pass: What happens here is that when Base is created, ''runme()'' will fire. But nothing happens when Derived is created. The question is: How can I make ''runme()'' also fire when creating Derived. This is what I have thought so far: If I explicitly set Derived's metclass to Base's, it will work. But I don't want that to happen. I basically want Derived to use the Base's metaclass without me having to explicitly set it so.

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  • What are block expressions actually good for?

    - by Helper Method
    I just solved the first problem from Project Euler in JavaFX for the fun of it and wondered what block expressions are actually good for? Why are they superior to functions? Is it the because of the narrowed scope? Less to write? Performance? Here's the Euler example. I used a block here but I don't know if it actually makes sense // sums up all number from low to high exclusive which are divisible by a or b function sumDivisibleBy(a: Integer, b: Integer, high: Integer) { def low = if (a <= b) a else b; def sum = { var result = 0; for (i in [low .. <high] where i mod 3 == 0 or i mod 5 == 0) { result += i } result } } Does a block makes sense here?

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