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• What is the benefit of triple buffering?

  - by user782220

  I read everything written in a previous question. From what I understand in double buffering the program must wait until the finished drawing is copied or swapped before starting the next drawing. In triple buffering the program has two back buffers and can immediately start drawing in the one that is not involved in such copying. But with triple buffering if you're in a situation where you can take advantage of the third buffer doesn't that suggest that you are drawing frames faster than the monitor can refresh. So then you don't actually get a higher frame rate. So what is the benefit of triple buffering then?

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• Thread safe double buffering

  - by kdavis8

  I am trying to implement a draw map method that will draw the tiled image across the surface of the component. I'm having issue with this code. The double buffering does not seem to be working, because the sprite flickers like crazy; my source code: package myPackage; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.swing.JFrame; public class GameView extends JFrame implements Runnable { public BufferedImage backbuffer; public Graphics2D g2d; public Image img; Thread gameloop; Scene scene; public GameView() { super("Game View"); setSize(600, 600); setVisible(true); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); backbuffer = new BufferedImage(getWidth(), getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); g2d = backbuffer.createGraphics(); Toolkit tk = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit(); img = tk.getImage(this.getClass().getResource("cage.png")); scene = new Scene(g2d, this); gameloop = new Thread(this); gameloop.start(); } public static void main(String args[]) { new GameView(); } public void paint(Graphics g) { g.drawImage(backbuffer, 0, 0, this); repaint(); } @Override public void run() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); while (t == gameloop) { scene.getScene("dirtmap"); g2d.drawImage(img, 80, 80,this![enter image description here][1]); } } private void drawScene(String string) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub // g2d.setColor(Color.white); // g2d.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight()); scene.getScene(string); } } package myPackage; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Component; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Toolkit; public class Scene { Graphics g2d; Component c; boolean loaded = false; public Scene(Graphics2D gr, Component co) { g2d = gr; c = co; } public void getScene(String mapName) { Toolkit tk = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit(); Image tile = tk.getImage(this.getClass().getResource("dirt.png")); // g2d.setColor(Color.red); for (int y = 0; y <= 18; y++) { for (int x = 0; x <= 18; x += 1) { g2d.drawImage(tile, x * 32, y * 32, c); } } loaded = true; } }

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• Triple buffering causes input lag?

  - by user782220

  Consider some time in between two vsyncs. Suppose the first display buffer is being used to display the current image, and suppose the game was really fast and computed and rendered the next image to the second display buffer and the next one after that to the third display buffer. That is the rendering to the second and third display buffer happens so fast that it occurs before the next vsync. Suppose input from the user comes in now. What you would like is for the results of the input to show up on the next vsync or (probably more typical) the vsync after that. However, with the third display buffer already rendered the input can only effect the image after that. Meaning the input will only take effect at best 3 vsyncs later. I wish i had an image to show the exact timings of what I mean.

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• What problem does double or triple buffering solve in modern games?

  - by krokvskrok

  I want to check if my understanding of the causes for using double (or triple) buffering is correct: A monitor with 60Hz refresh's the monitor-display 60 times per second. If the monitor refresh the monitor-display, he updates pixel for pixel and line for line. The monitor requests the color values for the pixels from the video memory. If I run now a game, then this game is constantly manipulating this video memory. If this game don't use a buffer strategy (double buffering etc.) then the following problem can happen: The monitor is now refreshing his monitor-display. At this moment the monitor had refreshed the first half monitor-display already. At the same time, the game had manipulated the video memory with new data. Now the monitor accesses for the second half monitor-display this new manipulated data from the video memory. The problems can be tearing or flickering. Is my understanding of cases of using buffer strategy correct? Are there other reasons?

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• Use case for output buffering as the correct solution to "headers already sent"

  - by kemp

  I see (not just on this site) a lot of question from inexperienced PHP programmers about the infamous "headers already sent... output started at" error, and many people suggest using ouput buffering as a solution. In my experience I have never found a situation where that error wasn't caused by a flow in the program's logic. Are there cases where output buffering is actually the correct solution?

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• How to detect when video is buffering?

  - by Leon

  Hi guys, my question today deals with Flash AS3 video buffering. (Streaming or Progressive) I want to be able to detect when the video is being buffered, so I can display some sort of animation letting the user know to wait just a little longer. Currently my video will start up, hold on frame 1 for 3-4 secs then play. Kinda giving the impression that the video is paused or broken :( Update Thanks to iandisme I believe I'm faced in the right direction now. NetStatusEvent from livedocs. It seems to me that the key status to be working in is "NetStream.Buffer.Empty" so I added some code in there to see if this would trigger my animation or a trace statement. No luck yet, however when the Buffer is full it will trigger my code :/ Maybe my video is always somewhere between Buffer.Empty and Buffer.Full that's why it won't trigger any code when I test case for Buffer.Empty? Current Code public function netStatusHandler(event:NetStatusEvent):void { // handles net status events switch (event.info.code) { case "NetStream.Buffer.Empty": trace("¤¤¤ Buffering!"); //<- never traces addChild(bufferLoop); //<- doesn't execute break; case "NetStream.Buffer.Full": trace("¤¤¤ FULL!"); //<- trace works here removeChild(bufferLoop); //<- so does any other code break; case "NetStream.Buffer.Flush": trace("¤¤¤ FLUSH!"); //Not sure if this is important break } }

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• Android - Buffering in MediaPlayer

  - by Chris

  I am using MediaPlayer to play a video in my app. The video takes a while to buffer and the videoview is blank for that time. Is there a way to start the buffering when the user is in the previous screen, so that when he comes to the video playing screen, the video is ready to play? Thanks Chris

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• Disable output buffering on my local xampp server

  - by Mark

  For some reason my xampp server is buffering the output of my php. I want it to spit it out as it goes. Anyone any ideas which settings I need to change to achieve this? Thanks

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• How To Fix YouTube Re-Buffering On Full Screen Issue

  - by Gopinath

  YouTube has an annoying bug – videos starts re-buffering when we switch to full screen mode from normal mode. On a high speed broadband connection the re-buffering issue may not be annoying much but on a slow broadband connection it annoys hell out of us. When users reported this problem to YouTube, the engineers at YouTube dubbed it as a feature rather than bug!. That is sick and this behaviour shows that they started ignoring the users and their problem. Anyways we got solutions to get around this annoying issue. Root Cause Of The Issue The root cause of the bug is YouTube’s resolution switching mechanism.When the video is loaded in normal model it is buffered and played at 360p, but when the full screen mode is activated YouTube player switches to 480p and starts re-buffering the video. How To Fix The Issue on Google Chrome Browser Fixing this issue on Google Chrome is very simple. All we need to do is to install this Greasemonkey script and it fixes everything for you. How To Fix The Issue on Firefox Browser Fixing this issue on Firefox browser involves an extra step when compared to Chrome browser. To fix the issue Step 1: Install Greasemonkey Addon for Firefox Step 2: Install this script from userscripts.org Done. Firefox will handle the full screen switching smoothly. How To Fix The Issue on Internet Explorer Hufff!! Internet Explorer users are poor users not because they are dumb but because they are using stone age browser. No offense, IE is a pathetic browser and there is no support for Greasemonkey scripts. Anyway lets look at the solution for fixing YouTube issue on IE. To fix the YouTube bug you need to follow the official solution provided by Google and it’s not a friendly one. Step 1: Login to your YouTube account and select the option “I have a slow connection. Never play higher-quality video“. Step 2 – Repeat Always: Make sure that you are always logged into your YouTube account as YouTube need to know your settings before switching the resolution. (Now you know why I called IE as a poor browser). Related: Set the start time of a YouTube Video This article titled,How To Fix YouTube Re-Buffering On Full Screen Issue, was originally published at Tech Dreams. Grab our rss feed or fan us on Facebook to get updates from us.

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• Rx IObservable buffering to smooth out bursts of events

  - by Dan

  I have an Observable sequence that produces events in rapid bursts (ie: five events one right after another, then a long delay, then another quick burst of events, etc.). I want to smooth out these bursts by inserting a short delay between events. Imagine the following diagram as an example: Raw: --oooo--------------ooooo-----oo----------------ooo| Buffered: --o--o--o--o--------o--o--o--o--o--o--o---------o--o--o| My current approach is to generate a metronome-like timer via Observable.Interval() that signals when it's ok to pull another event from the raw stream. The problem is that I can't figure out how to then combine that timer with my raw unbuffered observable sequence. IObservable.Zip() is close to doing what I want, but it only works so long as the raw stream is producing events faster than the timer. As soon as there is a significant lull in the raw stream, the timer builds up a series of unwanted events that then immediately pair up with the next burst of events from the raw stream. Ideally, I want an IObservable extension method with the following function signature that produces the bevaior I've outlined above. Now, come to my rescue StackOverflow :) public static IObservable<T> Buffered(this IObservable<T> src, TimeSpan minDelay) PS. I'm brand new to Rx, so my apologies if this is a trivially simple question... 1. Simple yet flawed approach Here's my initial naive and simplistic solution that has quite a few problems: public static IObservable<T> Buffered<T>(this IObservable<T> source, TimeSpan minDelay) { Queue<T> q = new Queue<T>(); source.Subscribe(x => q.Enqueue(x)); return Observable.Interval(minDelay).Where(_ => q.Count > 0).Select(_ => q.Dequeue()); } The first obvious problem with this is that the IDisposable returned by the inner subscription to the raw source is lost and therefore the subscription can't be terminated. Calling Dispose on the IDisposable returned by this method kills the timer, but not the underlying raw event feed that is now needlessly filling the queue with nobody left to pull events from the queue. The second problem is that there's no way for exceptions or end-of-stream notifications to be propogated through from the raw event stream to the buffered stream - they are simply ignored when subscribing to the raw source. And last but not least, now I've got code that wakes up periodically regardless of whether there is actually any work to do, which I'd prefer to avoid in this wonderful new reactive world. 2. Way overly complex appoach To solve the problems encountered in my initial simplistic approach, I wrote a much more complicated function that behaves much like IObservable.Delay() (I used .NET Reflector to read that code and used it as the basis of my function). Unfortunately, a lot of the boilerplate logic such as AnonymousObservable is not publicly accessible outside the system.reactive code, so I had to copy and paste a lot of code. This solution appears to work, but given its complexity, I'm less confident that its bug free. I just can't believe that there isn't a way to accomplish this using some combination of the standard Reactive extensions. I hate feeling like I'm needlessly reinventing the wheel, and the pattern I'm trying to build seems like a fairly standard one.

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• Is output buffering more expensive than FS hit?

  - by Spot

  That's about it. Is OB heavier than including a file?

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• how do I set quad buffering with jogl 2.0

  - by tony danza

  I'm trying to create a 3d renderer for stereo vision with quad buffering with Processing/Java. The hardware I'm using is ready for this so that's not the problem. I had a stereo.jar library in jogl 1.0 working for Processing 1.5, but now I have to use Processing 2.0 and jogl 2.0 therefore I have to adapt the library. Some things are changed in the source code of Jogl and Processing and I'm having a hard time trying to figure out how to tell Processing I want to use quad buffering. Here's the previous code: public class Theatre extends PGraphicsOpenGL{ protected void allocate() { if (context == null) { // If OpenGL 2X or 4X smoothing is enabled, setup caps object for them GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities(); // Starting in release 0158, OpenGL smoothing is always enabled if (!hints[DISABLE_OPENGL_2X_SMOOTH]) { capabilities.setSampleBuffers(true); capabilities.setNumSamples(2); } else if (hints[ENABLE_OPENGL_4X_SMOOTH]) { capabilities.setSampleBuffers(true); capabilities.setNumSamples(4); } capabilities.setStereo(true); // get a rendering surface and a context for this canvas GLDrawableFactory factory = GLDrawableFactory.getFactory(); drawable = factory.getGLDrawable(parent, capabilities, null); context = drawable.createContext(null); // need to get proper opengl context since will be needed below gl = context.getGL(); // Flag defaults to be reset on the next trip into beginDraw(). settingsInited = false; } else { // The following three lines are a fix for Bug #1176 // http://dev.processing.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=1176 context.destroy(); context = drawable.createContext(null); gl = context.getGL(); reapplySettings(); } } } This was the renderer of the old library. In order to use it, I needed to do size(100, 100, "stereo.Theatre"). Now I'm trying to do the stereo directly in my Processing sketch. Here's what I'm trying: PGraphicsOpenGL pg = ((PGraphicsOpenGL)g); pgl = pg.beginPGL(); gl = pgl.gl; glu = pg.pgl.glu; gl2 = pgl.gl.getGL2(); GLProfile profile = GLProfile.get(GLProfile.GL2); GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities(profile); capabilities.setSampleBuffers(true); capabilities.setNumSamples(4); capabilities.setStereo(true); GLDrawableFactory factory = GLDrawableFactory.getFactory(profile); If I go on, I should do something like this: drawable = factory.getGLDrawable(parent, capabilities, null); but drawable isn't a field anymore and I can't find a way to do it. How do I set quad buffering? If I try this: gl2.glDrawBuffer(GL.GL_BACK_RIGHT); it obviously doesn't work :/ Thanks.

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• Mobile music playback on android phone keeps buffering

  - by ianio

  I have copied some music to a ubuntu synced folder on my karmic machine. I have the Ubuntu One android app installed on android 2.2 phone. When listening to music I get frequent breaks whilst the music is buffering, even with full signal. every other music streaming servie such as last fm and bbc player are fine. What is going wrong? mp3s should not have trouble buffering over a good 3g signal. I have set cache size to 200mb but i cant find a buffer size. Is it my mp3s? they are usually in the order of 320kb/s this is a breaker for me if there is no solution which is a massive shame as i like the principal of the software. cheers

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• Double Buffering in Panda3D (C++)

  - by jsvcycling

  How would I go about using Double Buffering (to create a loading screen) in Panda3D using C++? I've searched Google and found some forums that talk about the concept of swapping buffers, but I haven't seen any that show any type of source code (specifically Panda3D/C++). I'd like to try and stay away from using pure OpenGL code and work it through Panda3D, but if I have no other choice, then I'll have to go with OpenGL coding.

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• Fighting Game and input buffering

  - by Pilispring

  In fighting game, there is an important thing called input buffering. When your character is doing an action, you can input the next action that will activate as soon as possible (the buffer is 5-10 frames). Is anyone had already done it or knows the most efficient way to do this? I thought of things like that: Enum list moves (a list of all my moves) if (moves = fireball) { if (Mycharacterisidle) { Do the fireball } else if (MycharacterisMoving) { if (lastspriteisnotfinished) { InputBuffer++; } else if(spriteisfinished && InputBuffer < 5) { Do the fireball } } } Any better ideas? Thx.

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• How to stop gecko-mediaplayer from buffering endlessly?

  - by mario

  I'm using the gecko-mediaplayer plugin (formerly "mplayerplug-in"). The totem plugin was not always working correctly with Opera, and I'm actually depending on the [Copy URL] feature of gecko-mediaplayer. However that plugin does some inept buffering of videos. It seems to default to 20% caching regardless of what you set in the preferences window. This is quite annoying for big video files. But appearantly it's by design http://groups.google.com/group/gecko-mediaplayer/browse_thread/thread/b7f0f5a3cedc8979 The Gentoo forums listed some workaround http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-816690.html - but ~/.config/gecko-mediaplayer/gecko-mediaplayer.conf is not working in the Ubuntu version. Does anyone know the actual way to configure the cache= size. Which is the real configuration filename under Ubuntu?

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• Scan-Line Z-Buffering Dilemma

  - by Belgin

  I have a set of vertices in 3D space, and for each I retain the following information: Its 3D coordinates (x, y, z). A list of pointers to some of the other vertices with which it's connected by edges. Right now, I'm doing perspective projection with the projecting plane being XY and the eye placed somewhere at (0, 0, d), with d < 0. By doing Z-Buffering, I need to find the depth of the point of a polygon (they're all planar) which corresponds to a certain pixel on the screen so I can hide the surfaces that are not visible. My questions are the following: How do I determine to which polygon does a pixel belong to so I could use the formula of the plane which contains the polygon to find the Z-coordinate? Are my data structures correct? Do I need to store something else entirely in order for this to work? I'm just projecting the vertices onto the projection plane and joining them with lines based on the pointer lists.

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• pygame double buffering

  - by BaldDude

  I am trying to use double buffering in pygame. What I'm trying to do is display a red then green screen, and switch from one to the other. Unfortunately, all I have is a black screen. I looked through many sites, but have been unable to find a solution. Any help would be appreciated. import pygame, sys from pygame.locals import * RED = (255, 0, 0) GREEN = ( 0, 255, 0) bob = 1 pygame.init() #DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 400), 0, 32) DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((1920, 1080), pygame.OPENGL | pygame.DOUBLEBUF | pygame.HWSURFACE | pygame.FULLSCREEN) glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT) glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW) glLoadIdentity() running = True while running: if bob==1: #pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, RED, (0, 0, 1920, 1080)) #pygame.display.flip() glBegin(GL_QUADS) glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0) glVertex2f(-1.0, 1.0) glVertex2f(-1.0, -1.0) glVertex2f(1.0, -1.0) glVertex2f(1.0, 1.0) glEnd() pygame.dis bob = 0 else: #pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, GREEN, (0, 0, 1920, 1080)) #pygame.display.flip() glBegin(GL_QUADS) glColor3f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0) glVertex2f(-1.0, 1.0) glVertex2f(-1.0, -1.0) glVertex2f(1.0, -1.0) glVertex2f(1.0, 1.0) glEnd() pygame.dis bob = 1 for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: running = False elif event.type == KEYDOWN: if event.key == K_ESCAPE: running = False pygame.quit() sys.exit() I'm using Python 2.7 and my code need to be os independent. Thanks for your help.

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• Does DirectX implement Triple Buffering?

  - by Asik

  As AnandTech put it best in this 2009 article: In render ahead, frames cannot be dropped. This means that when the queue is full, what is displayed can have a lot more lag. Microsoft doesn't implement triple buffering in DirectX, they implement render ahead (from 0 to 8 frames with 3 being the default). The major difference in the technique we've described here is the ability to drop frames when they are outdated. Render ahead forces older frames to be displayed. Queues can help smoothness and stuttering as a few really quick frames followed by a slow frame end up being evened out and spread over more frames. But the price you pay is in lag (the more frames in the queue, the longer it takes to empty the queue and the older the frames are that are displayed). As I understand it, DirectX "Swap Chain" is merely a render ahead queue, i.e. buffers cannot be dropped; the longer the chain, the greater the input latency. At the same time, I find it hard to believe that the most widely used graphics API would not implement such fundamental functionality correctly. Is there a way to get proper triple buffered vertical synchronisation in DirectX?

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• Any HTTP proxies with explicit, configurable support for request/response buffering and delayed conn

  - by Carlos Carrasco

  When dealing with mobile clients it is very common to have multisecond delays during the transmission of HTTP requests. If you are serving pages or services out of a prefork Apache the child processes will be tied up for seconds serving a single mobile client, even if your app server logic is done in 5ms. I am looking for a HTTP server, balancer or proxy server that supports the following: A request arrives to the proxy. The proxy starts buffering in RAM or in disk the request, including headers and POST/PUT bodies. The proxy DOES NOT open a connection to the backend server. This is probably the most important part. The proxy server stops buffering the request when: A size limit has been reached (say, 4KB), or The request has been received completely, headers and body Only now, with (part of) the request in memory, a connection is opened to the backend and the request is relayed. The backend sends back the response. Again the proxy server starts buffering it immediately (up to a more generous size, say 64KB.) Since the proxy has a big enough buffer the backend response is stored completely in the proxy server in a matter of miliseconds, and the backend process/thread is free to process more requests. The backend connection is immediately closed. The proxy sends back the response to the mobile client, as fast or as slow as it is capable of, without having a connection to the backend tying up resources. I am fairly sure you can do 4-6 with Squid, and nginx appears to support 1-3 (and looks like fairly unique in this respect). My question is: is there any proxy server that empathizes these buffering and not-opening-connections-until-ready capabilities? Maybe there is just a bit of Apache config-fu that makes this buffering behaviour trivial? Any of them that it is not a dinosaur like Squid and that supports a lean single-process, asynchronous, event-based execution model? (Siderant: I would be using nginx but it doesn't support chunked POST bodies, making it useless for serving stuff to mobile clients. Yes cheap 50$ handsets love chunked POSTs... sigh)

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• ArcObjects: Is buffering a point faster than buffering a line / polyline?

  - by Quigrim

  I can write my code logic to either buffer a polyline or to buffer the to and from point of the polyline. Working with the points will be easier, so it is the preferred way. Logically my reasoning tells me that buffering a point will be faster as it will always be a perfect circle. But will buffering 2 points still be faster than buffering 1 polyline? My gut says yes. Any comments?

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• Apache, Django with mod_wsgi, and large request buffering

  - by Mukul

  In my setup of Apache 2.2 MPM worker and Django 1.3 with mod_wsgi 2.8, I need to support large POST request payloads. The problem is that when there are many such simultaneous requests, Apache uses up all the memory in the system and then crashes. It seems that Apache is buffering the requests completely in memory before executing the WSGI handler and passing it the request. Is there any way to control request buffering in Apache? The log shows the following error whenever the crash happens: [Wed Jun 29 18:35:27 2011] [error] cgid daemon process died, restarting Here's my virtual host's configuration: <VirtualHost *:8080> ServerName example.com ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log WSGIScriptAlias / <path to django.wsgi> WSGIPassAuthorization on WSGIDaemonProcess example.com WSGIProcessGroup example.com XSendFileAllowAbove on XSendFile on </VirtualHost>

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• Double Buffering with awt

  - by DDP

  Is double buffering (in java) possible with awt? Currently, I'm aware that swing should not be used with awt, so I can't use BufferStrategy and whatnot. If double buffering is possible with awt, do I have to write the buffer by hand? Unlike swing, awt doesn't seem to have the same built-in double buffering capability. If I do have to write the code by hand, is there a good tutorial to look at? Or is it just easier/advisable for a novice programmer to use swing instead? Sorry about the multi-step question. Thanks for your time :)

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• Windows Media Center Buffering and Asus MyCinema U3100mini

  - by dsimcha

  I'm running an Asus MyCinema U3100mini ATSC on Windows 7 64-bit. When I play live TV in Windows Media Center, it's very choppy and uses 500+ MB of RAM, I'm guessing due to the hard drive buffering functionality. Is there any way to disable the live TV pause buffer completely? If not, can anyone recommend alternative software that: Works with the MyCinema. Is lightweight and not horribly bloated with features I'll never use like Windows Media Center is.

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• How to use double buffering inside a thread and applet

  - by russell

  I have a question about when paint and update method is called?? i have game applet where i want to use double buffering.But i cant use it.the problem is In my game there is a ball which is moving inside run() method.I want to know how to use double buffering to swap the offscreen image and current image.Someone plz help. And when there is both update() and paint() method.which are called first,when and why ???

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