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• Finding the lowest average Hamming distance when the order of the strings matter

  - by user1049697

  I have a sequence of binary strings that I want to find a match for among a set of longer sequences of binary strings. A match means that the compared sequence gives the lowest average Hamming distance when all elements in the shorter sequence have been matched against a sequence in one of the longer sets. Let me try to explain with an example. I have a set of video frames that have been hashed using a perceptual hashing algorithm so that the video frames that look the same has roughly the same hash. I want to match a short video clip against a set of longer videos, to see if the clip is contained in one of these. This means that I need to find out where the sequence of the hashed frames in the short video has the lowest average Hamming distance when compared with the long videos. The short video is the sub strings Sub1, Sub2 and Sub3, and I want to match them against the hashes of the long videos in Src. The clue here is that the strings need to match in the specific order that they are given in, e.g. that Sub1 always has to match the element before Sub2, and Sub2 always has to match the element before Sub3. In this example it would map thusly: Sub1-Src3, Sub2-Src4 and Sub3-Src5. So the question is this: is there an algorithm for finding the lowest average Hamming distance when the order of the elements compared matter? The naïve approach to compare the substring sequence to every source string won't cut it of course, so I need something that preferably can match a (much) shorter sub string to a set of million of elements. I have looked at MVP-trees, BK-trees and similar, but everything seems to only take into account one binary string and not a sequence of them. Sub1: 100111011111011101 Sub2: 110111000010010100 Sub3: 111111010110101101 Src1: 001011010001010110 Src2: 010111101000111001 Src3: 101111001110011101 Src4: 010111100011010101 Src5: 001111010110111101 Src6: 101011111111010101 I have added a calculation of the examples below. (The Hamming distances aren't correct, but it doesn't matter) **Run 1.** dist(Sub1, Src1) = 8 dist(Sub2, Src2) = 10 dist(Sub3, Src3) = 12 average = 10 **Run 2.** dist(Sub1, Src2) = 10 dist(Sub2, Src3) = 12 dist(Sub3, Src4) = 10 average = 11 **Run 3.** dist(Sub1, Src3) = 7 dist(Sub2, Src4) = 6 dist(Sub3, Src5) = 10 average = 8 **Run 4.** dist(Sub1, Src3) = 10 dist(Sub2, Src4) = 4 dist(Sub3, Src5) = 2 average = 5 So the winner here is sequence 4 with an average distance of 5.

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• How to make creating viewmodels at runtime less painful

  - by Mr Happy

  I apologize for the long question, it reads a bit as a rant, but I promise it's not! I've summarized my question(s) below In the MVC world, things are straightforward. The Model has state, the View shows the Model, and the Controller does stuff to/with the Model (basically), a controller has no state. To do stuff the Controller has some dependencies on web services, repository, the lot. When you instantiate a controller you care about supplying those dependencies, nothing else. When you execute an action (method on Controller), you use those dependencies to retrieve or update the Model or calling some other domain service. If there's any context, say like some user wants to see the details of a particular item, you pass the Id of that item as parameter to the Action. Nowhere in the Controller is there any reference to any state. So far so good. Enter MVVM. I love WPF, I love data binding. I love frameworks that make data binding to ViewModels even easier (using Caliburn Micro a.t.m.). I feel things are less straightforward in this world though. Let's do the exercise again: the Model has state, the View shows the ViewModel, and the ViewModel does stuff to/with the Model (basically), a ViewModel does have state! (to clarify; maybe it delegates all the properties to one or more Models, but that means it must have a reference to the model one way or another, which is state in itself) To do stuff the ViewModel has some dependencies on web services, repository, the lot. When you instantiate a ViewModel you care about supplying those dependencies, but also the state. And this, ladies and gentlemen, annoys me to no end. Whenever you need to instantiate a ProductDetailsViewModel from the ProductSearchViewModel (from which you called the ProductSearchWebService which in turn returned IEnumerable<ProductDTO>, everybody still with me?), you can do one of these things: call new ProductDetailsViewModel(productDTO, _shoppingCartWebService /* dependcy */);, this is bad, imagine 3 more dependencies, this means the ProductSearchViewModel needs to take on those dependencies as well. Also changing the constructor is painful. call _myInjectedProductDetailsViewModelFactory.Create().Initialize(productDTO);, the factory is just a Func, they are easily generated by most IoC frameworks. I think this is bad because Init methods are a leaky abstraction. You also can't use the readonly keyword for fields that are set in the Init method. I'm sure there are a few more reasons. call _myInjectedProductDetailsViewModelAbstractFactory.Create(productDTO); So... this is the pattern (abstract factory) that is usually recommended for this type of problem. I though it was genius since it satisfies my craving for static typing, until I actually started using it. The amount of boilerplate code is I think too much (you know, apart from the ridiculous variable names I get use). For each ViewModel that needs runtime parameters you'll get two extra files (factory interface and implementation), and you need to type the non-runtime dependencies like 4 extra times. And each time the dependencies change, you get to change it in the factory as well. It feels like I don't even use a DI container anymore. (I think Castle Windsor has some kind of solution for this [with it's own drawbacks, correct me if I'm wrong]). do something with anonymous types or dictionary. I like my static typing. So, yeah. Mixing state and behavior in this way creates a problem which don't exist at all in MVC. And I feel like there currently isn't a really adequate solution for this problem. Now I'd like to observe some things: People actually use MVVM. So they either don't care about all of the above, or they have some brilliant other solution. I haven't found an in-depth example of MVVM with WPF. For example, the NDDD-sample project immensely helped me understand some DDD concepts. I'd really like it if someone could point me in the direction of something similar for MVVM/WPF. Maybe I'm doing MVVM all wrong and I should turn my design upside down. Maybe I shouldn't have this problem at all. Well I know other people have asked the same question so I think I'm not the only one. To summarize Am I correct to conclude that having the ViewModel being an integration point for both state and behavior is the reason for some difficulties with the MVVM pattern as a whole? Is using the abstract factory pattern the only/best way to instantiate a ViewModel in a statically typed way? Is there something like an in depth reference implementation available? Is having a lot of ViewModels with both state/behavior a design smell?

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• Can I use a project code which has New BSD license but uses a GPL license library?

  - by Alok Kulkarni

  I want to use the ICSOpenVpn project source code in my commercial application. If we see the ICSOpenVpn project, it states that its license is New BSD but the libopenvpn.so library it uses is under GNU GPLv2 license. As per FAQ for version 2 of GNU GPL "If a library is released under the GPL (not the LGPL), does that mean that any program which uses it has to be under the GPL?" The answer says: "Yes, because the program as it is actually run includes the library." Also, how could ICSOpenVpn change the license to New BSD?

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• Dealing with a developer continuously ignoring edge cases in his work

  - by Alex N.

  I have an interesting, fairly common I guess, issue with one of the developers in my team. The guy is a great developer, work fast and productive, produces fairly good quality code and all. Good engineer. But there is a problem with him - very often he fails to address edge cases in his code. We spoke with him about it many times and he is trying but I guess he just doesn't think this way. So what ends up happening is that QA would find plenty issues with his code and return it back for development again and again, ultimately resulting in missed deadlines and everyone in the team unhappy. I don't know what to do with him and how to help him overcome this problem. Perhaps someone with more experience could advise? Thank you!

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• Is LINQ to objects a collection of combinators?

  - by Jimmy Hoffa

  I was just trying to explain the usefulness of combinators to a colleague and I told him LINQ to objects are like combinators as they exhibit the same value, the ability to combine small pieces to create a single large piece. Though I don't know that I can call LINQ to objects combinators. I've seen 2 levels of definition for combinator that I generalize as such: A combinator is a function which only uses things passed to it A combinator is a function which only uses things passed to it and other standard atomic functions but not state The first is very rigid and can be seen in the combinatory calculus systems and in haskell things like $ and . and various similar functions meet this rule. The second is less rigid and would allow something like sum as it uses the + function which was not passed in but is standard and not stateful. Though the LINQ extensions in C# use state in their iteration models, so I feel I can't say they're combinators. Can someone who understands the definition of a combinator more thoroughly and with more experience in these realms give a distinct ruling on this? Are my definitions of 'combinator' wrong to begin with?

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• How to know which fields of a record are updated in saving the edit? [closed]

  - by Luiz Maffort

  I'm recording in a log table all that is changed in a given table, so this need to know when for example the User to change the status from active to inactive. With this information I will write in my log table information of which record was changed, by whom and what was the value of old and new. If I instantiate an object before: db.Entry(chamados).State = EntityState.Modified; I can even compare, but this error appears at runtime. *An object with the same key already exists in the ObjectStateManager. The ObjectStateManager cannot track multiple objects with the same key. * Podem me ajudar por favor?

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• Is it customary for software companies to forbid code authors from taking credit for their work? do code authors have a say?

  - by J Smith

  The company I work for has decided that the source code for a set of tools they make available to customers is also going to be made available to those customers. Since I am the author of that source code, and since many source code files have my name written in them as part of class declaration documentation comments, I've been asked to remove author information from the source code files, even though the license headers at the beginning of each source file make it clear that the company is the owner of the code. Since I'm relatively new to this industry I was wondering whether it's considered typical for companies that decide to make their source code available to third parties to not allow the code authors to take some amount of credit for their work, even when it's clear that the code author is not the owner of the code. Am I right in assuming that I don't have a say on the matter?

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• Is NAN suitable for communicating that an invalid parameter was involved in a calculation?

  - by Arman

  I am currently working on a numerical processing system that will be deployed in a performance-critical environment. It takes inputs in the form of numerical arrays (these use the eigen library, but for the purpose of this question that's perhaps immaterial), and performs some range of numerical computations (matrix products, concatenations, etc.) to produce outputs. All arrays are allocated statically and their sizes are known at compile time. However, some of the inputs may be invalid. In these exceptional cases, we still want the code to be computed and we still want outputs not "polluted" by invalid values to be used. To give an example, let's take the following trivial example (this is pseudo-code): Matrix a = {1, 2, NAN, 4}; // this is the "input" matrix Scalar b = 2; Matrix output = b * a; // this results in {2, 4, NAN, 8} The idea here is that 2, 4 and 8 are usable values, but the NAN should signal to the receipient of the data that that entry was involved in an operation that involved an invalid value, and should be discarded (this will be detected via a std::isfinite(value) check before the value is used). Is this a sound way of communicating and propagating unusable values, given that performance is critical and heap allocation is not an option (and neither are other resource-consuming constructs such as boost::optional or pointers)? Are there better ways of doing this? At this point I'm quite happy with the current setup but I was hoping to get some fresh ideas or productive criticism of the current implementation.

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• How does the GPL static vs. dynamic linking rule apply to interpreted languages?

  - by ekolis

  In my understanding, the GPL prohibits static linking from non-GPL code to GPL code, but permits dynamic linking from non-GPL code to GPL code. So which is it when the code in question is not linked at all because the code is written in an interpreted language (e.g. Perl)? It would seem to be too easy to exploit the rule if it was considered dynamic linking, but on the other hand, it would also seem to be impossible to legally reference GPL code from non-GPL code if it was considered static! Compiled languages at least have a distinction between static and dynamic linking, but when all "linking" is just running scripts, it's impossible to tell what the intent is without an explicit license! Or is my understanding of this issue incorrect, rendering the question moot? I've also heard of a "classpath exception" which involves dynamic linking; is that not part of the GPL but instead something that can be added on to it, so dynamic linking is only allowed when the license includes this exception?

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• Should my colleagues review each others code from source control system?

  - by Daniel Excinsky

  Hi everybody. So that's my story: one of my colleagues uses to review all the code, hosted to revision system. I'm not speaking about adequate review of changes in parts that he belongs to. He watches the code file to file, line to line. Every new file and every modified. I feel just like being spied on! My guess is that if code was already hosted to control system, you should trust it as workable at least. My question is, maybe I'm just too paranoiac and practice of reviewing each others code is good? P.S: We're team of only three developers, and I fear that if there will be more of us, colleague just won't have time to review all the the code we'll write.

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• Perl: Negative look behind regex question [migrated]

  - by James

  The Perlre in Perldoc didn't go into much detail on negative look around but I tried testing it, and didn't work as expected. I want to see if I can differentiate a C preprocessor macro definition (e.g. #define MAX(X) ....) from actual usage (y = MAX(x);), but it didn't work as expected. my $macroName = 'MAX'; my $macroCall = "y = MAX(X);"; my $macroDef = "# define MAX(X)"; my $boundary = qr{\b$macroName\b}; my $bstr = " MAX(X)"; if($bstr =~ /$boundary/) { print "boundary: $bstr matches: $boundary\n"; } else { print "Error: no match: boundary: $bstr, $boundary\n"; } my $negLookBehind = qr{(?<!define)\b$macroName\b}; if($macroCall =~ /$negLookBehind/) # "y = MAX(X)" matches "(?<!define)\bMAX\b" { print "negative look behind: $macroCall matches: $negLookBehind\n"; } else { print "no match: negative look behind: $macroCall, $negLookBehind\n"; } if($macroDef =~ /$negLookBehind/) # "#define MAX(X)" should not match "(?<!define)\bMAX\b" { print "Error: negative look behind: $macroDef matches: $negLookBehind\n"; } else { print "no match: negative look behind: $macroDef, $negLookBehind\n"; } It seems that both $macroDef and $macroCall seem to match regex /(?<!define)\b$macroName\b/. I backed off from the original /(?<\#)\s*(?<!define)\b$macroName\b/ since that didn't work either. So what did I screw up? Also does Perl allow chaining of multiple look around expressions?

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• In WPF, should I base my converters on types or use-cases?

  - by user1013159

  I'm looking for some advice on how to write my WPF value converters. The way I'm currently writing them, they are very specific, like (bool?,bool) = Brush, i.e. I'm writing each converter for a specific use case, in this case, the Brush is bound to an indicator showing equality information between the bool? and the bool. This obviously makes re-use very hard and I end up with a quite large list of converters. Should I strive to write my converters in a more general way? Can I?

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• How to 'reproduce copyright` in an app?

  - by ohho

  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. The above is quoted from a BSD licensed COPYING file. How can I "reproduce the above copyright" when I distribute my app in binary form? Should I put the COPYING file content in some Credit/About screen of my app or what? Thanks!

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• Revision Methodology for Developer Post as Entry Level

  - by Demla Pawan

  I had revised all basic concepts of my computer science ciriculum like: Core Java(basics),SQL(basics),C++(basics),XHTML,PHP(basics),Datastructures(basics) and what I need to do,and How to do, as their may be fault in my preparation methods for revision session's, So can Anybody suggest Methodology to revise those technical things,to which you are not in touch at present, but you can write basic programs or have used 1-2 years ago. And also can U suggest some Quick revision links on Net for various technologies mentioned above.

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• a young intellect asks: Python or Ruby for freelance?

  - by Sophia

  Hello, I'm Sophia. I have an interest in self-learning either Python, or Ruby. The primary reason for my interest is to make my life more stable by having freelance work = $. It seems that programming offers a way for me to escape my condition of poverty (I'm on the edge of homelessness right now) while at the same time making it possible for me to go to uni. I intend on being a math/philosophy major. I have messed with Python a little bit in the past, but it didn't click super well. The people who say I should choose Python say as much because it is considered a good first language/teaching language, and that it is general-purpose. The people who say I should choose Ruby point out that I'm a very right-brained thinker, and having multiple ways to do something will make it much easier for me to write good code. So, basically, I'm starting this thread as a dialog with people who know more than I do, as an attempt to make the decision. :-) I've thought about asking this in stackoverflow, but they're much more strict about closing threads than here, and I'm sort of worried my thread will be closed. :/ TL;DR Python or Ruby for freelance work opportunities ($) as a first language? Additional question (if anyone cares to answer): I have a personal feeling that if I devote myself to learning, I'd be worth hiring for a project in about 8 weeks of work. I base this on a conservative estimate of my intellectual capacities, as well as possessing motivation to improve my life. Is my estimate necessarily inaccurate? random tidbit: I'm in Portland, OR I'll answer questions that are asked of me, if I can help the accuracy and insight contained within the dialog.

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• Which language and platform features really boosted your coding speed?

  - by Serge

  The question is about delivering working code faster without any regard for design, quality, maintainability, etc. Here is the list of things that help me to write and read code faster: Language: static typing, support for object-oriented and functional programming styles, embedded documentation, short compile-debug-fix cycle or REPL, automatic memory management Platform: "batteries" included (text, regex, IO, threading, networking), thriving community, tons of open-source libs Tools: IDE, visual debugger, code-completion, code navigation, refactoring

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• Newbie seeking advice on programming in general

  - by user974685

  need some of you to remember back to a time when you might have been bad at programming... Been at my new job (as a software developer) for a couple of months now, passed probation period. Have very little programming experience (C++ only) and am currently working with asp.net MVC and silverlight. So there's a website the company has been working on and I am joining the effort to make it better, iron out bugs etc. The problem is - learning about a system/website which has already been made, via visual studio. I ALWAYS feel HUGELY overwhelmed, never knowing which part of this line should I look up, and generally having lots of trouble getting the big picture. Visual studio itself is something I'm finding it difficult to get to grips with, let alone the asp.net framework. I get the impression that because my coworkers have more experience than me, they are getting all the good jobs, and I am left with crap to do - stuff which is not even vaguely programming. Meaning they are learning/creating more, and I am learning/creating near nothing. I'm getting demoralised, and too scared to say anything. I'm not stupid, I've read and practiced plenty of the fundamental programming concepts...I'm just bloody scared of this damn framework. I look at it and just feel paralyzed. The result is that I keep asking the older veteran guy of questions, and he is getting irritated, and would rather give me easy/mindless/non programming jobs to avoid wasting time with helping me out. Then when I don't understand something, I'm hesitating about whether or not I should ask him yet, and trying to decide if it would be a waste of time. I'm the kind of person who picks things up slowly, but with a lot of attention to detail. The former I think is making me look incompetent though. Anyone get where I'm coming from please say something helpful....I'm scared of losing my job in a few months or something...

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• Looking for reading material on application architecture with web UI

  - by toong

  I'm looking for articles (or other reading material) on the topic of fat client applications with a web UI layer. Open-source projects that use this architecture would be very interesting too. Such an application would embed one (or more) browser-window(s) (chromiumembedded for example). You would need bidirectional communication between your web-UI and your domain model/services. I think this allows quick prototyping the UI, a clean separation between logic and UI and potentially easier portability across platforms (compared to WinForms for example). But that is just my view, I was looking for the view of people who have been on that road. An example of an application using a web-ui layer is Light Table. Unfortunately it is not open source (at this point?).

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• Why are most websites optimized for viewing in portrait mode?

  - by NVM

  I simply cannot figure this out. Almost all monitors have an aspect ratio where width is much bigger than the height and yet almost all websites are designed exactly for the other way round? I am not really a web developer and am just experimenting stuff at the moment but this madness baffles me!!! Edit: The point is not that I would like to limit the height of a website. The point is that I'd wat it to somehow fill all available space when I have my 1920x1080 in landscape mode. Edit 2: See this to understand what I am saying

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• What is the technical reason that so many social media sites don't allow you to edit your text?

  - by Edward Tanguay

  A common complaint I hear about Facebook, Twitter, Ning and other social sites is that once a comment or post is made, it can't be edited. I think this goes against one of the key goals of user experience: giving the user agency, or the ability to control what he does in the software. Even on Stackexchange sites, you can only edit the comments for a certain amount of time. Is the inability for so many web apps to not allow users to edit their writing a technical shortcoming or a "feature by design"?

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• Designing Mobile SMS text advertising system

  - by Ramraj Edagutti

  Currently, I am working on a product where we have an SMS text advertising system, and using this, we setup advertising campaigns for clients, and later these campaigns are sent to the end users. This is very similar to Google Adwords, but targeted to Mobile users via SMS. Just to give an overview of the system Each Campaign is mapped to an advertiser Campaign has start date and end date Campaign has a filter condition(s) or query to select the target user base from our database (to whom we send Campaigns) Target user base can be fixed, for e.g send campaign to 10000 users Target user base can also be dynamic based on query condition, for e.g send campaign to users who are active and from a particular state, district, town etc. (this way user base will be keep changing on daily basis) Campaign can have multiple campaign messages Each campaign message has start date and end date Each campaign message can have multiple message texts for different locales, for e.g English,Hindi,Telugu etc After creating an advertisement campaign, we run daily night job to provision the target user base for that a particular campaign in a separate table, and another daily job runs on morning times and checks provisioned table for campaigns and targeted users and sends the campaign to users via SMS. Problem is, current UI for creating advertising campaigns is designed in a very technical manner, I mean, normal user or business owner or clients can not use the UI to create a campaign. Below are reasons why the UI is very technical in nature Filter condition(s) or query input filed, takes user ids or mobile numbers or SQL queries. Most of times or almost every time, we use big SQL queries So we end up storing SQL queries in a database for a campaign, later we use this SQL query to fetch targeted user base. For scheduling these campaigns, we have input filed on UI which takes quartz cron expression(s) ( for e.g. send campaign on "0 0 9 1-10 MAR 2012" ), again very technical in nature Normal user or business owner, can not use the UI for creating campaigns for reasons mentioned above, Currently, we ourself (developers) helping clients to setup/create campaigns. we are trying to re-design the UI to make it more user friendly so that any user can go to UI and create an advertisement campaign by himself. I am thinking of re-designing the current UI similar to Google Adwords interface, especially for selecting target users based on user geography like country, state, city etc. I also need to select users based user subscription(s), which might make system even more complex. And also, for campaign scheduling, I am thinking of using weekdays with hours. For example, I will shows Monday to Sunday on UI, and user can select the from hours, to hours etc. Any better ideas or suggestion on how to design UI in very user friendly manner and what design should be followed on server side code (we write backend code on java/jpa/spring/quartz)? And I am looking for ideas or design patterns on how to build SQL queries (using JPA/Hinernate) programmatically on server side, based on varies conditions like based on country, state, town, village, and user subscriptions.

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• Is this method pure?

  - by Thomas Levesque

  I have the following extension method: public static IEnumerable<T> Apply<T>( [NotNull] this IEnumerable<T> source, [NotNull] Action<T> action) where T : class { source.CheckArgumentNull("source"); action.CheckArgumentNull("action"); return source.ApplyIterator(action); } private static IEnumerable<T> ApplyIterator<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Action<T> action) where T : class { foreach (var item in source) { action(item); yield return item; } } It just applies an action to each item of the sequence before returning it. I was wondering if I should apply the Pure attribute (from Resharper annotations) to this method, and I can see arguments for and against it. Pros: strictly speaking, it is pure; just calling it on a sequence doesn't alter the sequence (it returns a new sequence) or make any observable state change calling it without using the result is clearly a mistake, since it has no effect unless the sequence is enumerated, so I'd like Resharper to warn me if I do that. Cons: even though the Apply method itself is pure, enumerating the resulting sequence will make observable state changes (which is the point of the method). For instance, items.Apply(i => i.Count++) will change the values of the items every time it's enumerated. So applying the Pure attribute is probably misleading... What do you think? Should I apply the attribute or not?

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• What Programming languages/technologies stack to use when building Facebook like website ?

  - by Blaze Boy

  I'm developing a website idea that will perform the same as Facebook functionality without the applications extensibility. the site will have a client application to perform a task similar to dropbox.com the site will be a social network of some sort of professionalism, it will highlight code of almost all languages has a high speed backend database Now what languages/techniques do I need to use to achieve that?

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• What are the options for setting up a UNIX environment to learn C using Kernighan and Richie's The C Programming Language?

  - by ssbrewster

  I'm a novice programmer and have been experimenting with Javascript, jQuery and PHP but felt I wasn't getting a real depth of understanding of what I was doing. So, after reading Joel Spolsky's response to a question on this site (which I can't find now!), I took it back to basics and read Charles Petzold's 'Code' and am about to move onto Kernighan and Richie's The C Programming Language. I want to learn this in a UNIX environment but only have access to a Windows system. I have Ubuntu 12.04 running on a virtualised machine via VMWare Player, and done some coding in the terminal. Is using a Linux distro the only option for programming in a UNIX environment on Windows? And what are the next steps to start programming in C in UNIX and where do I get a compiler from?

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• UML class diagram - can aggregated object be part of two aggregated classes?

  - by user970696

  Some sources say that aggregation means that the class owns the object and shares reference. Lets assume an example where a company class holds a list of cars but departments of that company has list of cars used by them. class Department { list<Car> listOfCars; } class Company { list<Car> listOfCars; //initialization of the list } So in UML class diagram, I would do it like this. But I assume this is not allowed because it would imply that both company and department own the objects.. [COMPANY]<>------[CAR] [DEPARTMENT]<>---| //imagine this goes up to the car class

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