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  • What is really happening when we change encoding in a string?

    - by Jim Thio
    http://php.net/manual/en/function.mb-convert-encoding.php Say I do: $encoded = mb_convert_encoding ($original); That looks like simple enough. WHat I am imagining is the following $original has a pointer to the way the string is actually encoded. Something like char * kind of thing. And then there are things like what the character actually encoded. It's probably somewhere along UTF-64 kind of thing where each glyph is indeed a character. Now when we do $encoded = mb_convert_encoding ($original); several thing can happen: the original internal representation doesn't change however it is REINTERPRETED so that the code that show up differs the original string that it represent doesn't change however the ENCODING change. Which one is right?

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  • controlling an object through another object ?

    - by Stefano Borini
    Today I've seen the following pattern: you have an object A and an object B. Object B accepts a pointer to A at its constructor. Once B is created, there's a method B.doCalc() that performs a calculation (internally using A's information). The result is obtained with method B.getResult(). In order to perform another calculation, A is modified, and B.doCalc() is called again. What is your opinion on this choice ? I would have designed it differently, but I want to hear your voice. Edit : note that my main objection is to modify A to have a different result from B, without touching B. Although similar, I think that just this discipline expresses a much better feeling of what's going on. Instead of a = new A a.whatever = 5 b = new B(a) b.doCalc() res = b.getResult() a.whatever = 6 b.doCalc() res = b.getResult() You get the a pointer object from b itself. a = new A a.whatever = 5 b = new B(a) b.doCalc() res = b.getResult() a = b.getAPointer() a.whatever = 6 b.doCalc() res = b.getResult() because it makes more explicit the fact that a is taken from b and then modified. I still don't like it, though...

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  • Iphone/Android app – chatroom development – what framework & hosting needs?

    - by MikaelW
    I have some experience regarding IPhone and Android development but I am now struggling to solve a new class of problem: apps that involve a client/server chatroom feature. That is, an app when people can exchange text over the internet, and without having the app to constantly “pull” content from the server. So that problem can’t be solved with a normal php/mysql website, there must be some kind of application running on a server that is able to send message from the server to the phone, rather than having the phone to check for new messages every 10 seconds… So I’m looking for ways to solve the different problems here: What framework should I use on the two sides (phone / server)? It should be some kind of library that doesn’t prevent me to write paid apps. It should also be possible to have the same server for the Iphone and android version of the app. What server / hosting solution do I need with what sort of features, I just have no experience regarding server application that can handle and initiate multiple connections and are hosted on hardware that is always online I tried to find resources online but couldn’t so far, either the libraries had the wrong kind of license/language or I just didn’t understand… Sometimes there were nice tutorial but for different needs such as peer2peer chat over local network… Same with the server and the hosting problem, not sure where to start really, I’m calling for help and I promise I will complete this page with notes about the experience I will get :-) Obviously the ideal would be to find a tutorial I missed that include client code, server code and a free scalable server… That being said, If I see something as good, it probably means that I have eaten the wrong kind of mushroom again… So, failing that, any pointer which might help me toward that quest, would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance. Mikael

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  • Can the Clojure set and maps syntax be added to other Lisp dialects?

    - by Cedric Martin
    In addition to create list using parentheses, Clojure allows to create vectors using [ ], maps using { } and sets using #{ }. Lisp is always said to be a very extensible language in which you can easily create DSLs etc. But is Lisp so extensible that you can take any Lisp dialect and relatively easily add support for Clojure's vectors, maps and sets (which are all functions in Clojure)? I'm not necessarily asking about cons or similar actually working on these functions: what I'd like to know is if the other could be modified so that the source code would look like Clojure's source code (that is: using matching [ ], { } and #{ } in addition to ( )). Note that if it cannot be done this is not a criticism of Lisp: what I'd like to know is, technically, what should be done or what cannot be done if one were to add such a thing.

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  • Generating Deep Arrays: Shallow to Deep, Deep to Shallow or Bad idea?

    - by MobyD
    I'm working on an array structure that will be used as the data source for a report template in a web app. The data comes from relatively complex SQL queries that return one or many rows as one dimensional associative arrays. In the case of many, they are turned into two dimensional indexed array. The data is complex and in some cases there is a lot of it. To save trips to the database (which are extremely expensive in this scenario) I'm attempting to get all of the basic arrays (1 and 2 dimension raw database data) and put them, conditionally, into a single, five level deep array. Organizing the data in PHP seems like a better idea than by using where statements in the SQL. Array Structure Array of years( year => array of types( types => array of information( total => value, table => array of data( index => db array ) ) ) ) My first question is, is this a bad idea. Are arrays like this appropriate for this situation? If this would work, how should I go about populating it? My initial thought was shallow to deep, but the more I work on this, the more I realize that it'd be very difficult to abstract out the conditionals that determine where each item goes in the array. So it seems that starting from the most deeply nested data may be the approach I should take. If this is array abuse, what alternatives exist?

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  • Render Ruby object to interactive html

    - by AvImd
    I am developing a tool that discovers network services enabled on host and writes short summary on them like this: init,1 +-- login,1560 -- +-- bash,1629 +-- nc,12137 -lup 50505 { :net = [ [0] "*:50505 IPv4 UDP " ], :fds = [ [0] "/root (cwd)", [1] "/", [2] "/bin/nc.traditional", [3] "/xochikit/ld_poison.so (stat: No such file or directory)", [4] "/dev/tty2", [5] "*:50505" ] } It proved to be very nice formatted and useful for quick discovery thanks to colors provided by the awesome_print gem. However, its output is just a text. One issue is that if I want to share it, I lose colors. I'd also like to fold and unfold parts of objects, quickly jump to specific processes and what not? Adding comments, for example. Thus I want something web-based. What is the best approach to implement features like these? I haven't worked with web interfaces before and I don't have much experience with Ruby.

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  • Newbie seeking advice on programming in general

    - by user974685
    need some of you to remember back to a time when you might have been bad at programming... Been at my new job (as a software developer) for a couple of months now, passed probation period. Have very little programming experience (C++ only) and am currently working with asp.net MVC and silverlight. So there's a website the company has been working on and I am joining the effort to make it better, iron out bugs etc. The problem is - learning about a system/website which has already been made, via visual studio. I ALWAYS feel HUGELY overwhelmed, never knowing which part of this line should I look up, and generally having lots of trouble getting the big picture. Visual studio itself is something I'm finding it difficult to get to grips with, let alone the asp.net framework. I get the impression that because my coworkers have more experience than me, they are getting all the good jobs, and I am left with crap to do - stuff which is not even vaguely programming. Meaning they are learning/creating more, and I am learning/creating near nothing. I'm getting demoralised, and too scared to say anything. I'm not stupid, I've read and practiced plenty of the fundamental programming concepts...I'm just bloody scared of this damn framework. I look at it and just feel paralyzed. The result is that I keep asking the older veteran guy of questions, and he is getting irritated, and would rather give me easy/mindless/non programming jobs to avoid wasting time with helping me out. Then when I don't understand something, I'm hesitating about whether or not I should ask him yet, and trying to decide if it would be a waste of time. I'm the kind of person who picks things up slowly, but with a lot of attention to detail. The former I think is making me look incompetent though. Anyone get where I'm coming from please say something helpful....I'm scared of losing my job in a few months or something...

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  • Why can't we capture the design of software more effectively?

    - by Ira Baxter
    As engineers, we all "design" artifacts (buildings, programs, circuits, molecules...). That's an activity (design-the-verb) that produces some kind of result (design-the-noun). I think we all agree that design-the-noun is a different entity than the artifact itself. A key activity in the software business (indeed, in any business where the resulting product artifact needs to be enhanced) is to understand the "design (the-noun)". Yet we seem, as a community, to be pretty much complete failures at recording it, as evidenced by the amount of effort people put into rediscovering facts about their code base. Ask somebody to show you the design of their code and see what you get. I think of a design for software as having: An explicit specification for what the software is supposed to do and how well it does it An explicit version of the code (this part is easy, everybody has it) An explanation for how each part of the code serves to achieve the specification A rationale as to why the code is the way it is (e.g., why a particualr choice rather than another) What is NOT a design is a particular perspective on the code. For example [not to pick specifically on] UML diagrams are not designs. Rather, they are properties you can derive from the code, or arguably, properties you wish you could derive from the code. But as a general rule, you can't derive the code from UML. Why is it that after 50+ years of building software, why don't we have regular ways to express this? My personal opinion is that we don't have good ways to express this. Even if we do, most of the community seems so focused on getting "code" that design-the-noun gets lost anyway. (IMHO, until design becomes the purpose of engineering, with the artifact extracted from the design, we're not going to get around this). What have you seen as means for recording designs (in the sense I have described it)? Explicit references to papers would be good. Why do you think specific and general means have not been succesful? How can we change this?

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  • Should I add parameters to instance methods that use those instance fields as parameters?

    - by john smith optional
    I have an instance method that uses instance fields in its work. I can leave the method without that parameters as they're available to me, or I can add them to the parameter list, thus making my method more "generic" and not reliable on the class. On the other hand, additional parameters will be in parameters list. Which approach is preferable and why? Edit: at the moment I don't know if my method will be public or private. Edit2: clarification: both method and fields are instance level.

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  • TDD vs. Productivity

    - by Nairou
    In my current project (a game, in C++), I decided that I would use Test Driven Development 100% during development. In terms of code quality, this has been great. My code has never been so well designed or so bug-free. I don't cringe when viewing code I wrote a year ago at the start of the project, and I have gained a much better sense for how to structure things, not only to be more easily testable, but to be simpler to implement and use. However... it has been a year since I started the project. Granted, I can only work on it in my spare time, but TDD is still slowing me down considerably compared to what I'm used to. I read that the slower development speed gets better over time, and I definitely do think up tests a lot more easily than I used to, but I've been at it for a year now and I'm still working at a snail's pace. Each time I think about the next step that needs work, I have to stop every time and think about how I would write a test for it, to allow me to write the actual code. I'll sometimes get stuck for hours, knowing exactly what code I want to write, but not knowing how to break it down finely enough to fully cover it with tests. Other times, I'll quickly think up a dozen tests, and spend an hour writing tests to cover a tiny piece of real code that would have otherwise taken a few minutes to write. Or, after finishing the 50th test to cover a particular entity in the game and all aspects of it's creation and usage, I look at my to-do list and see the next entity to be coded, and cringe in horror at the thought of writing another 50 similar tests to get it implemented. It's gotten to the point that, looking over the progress of the last year, I'm considering abandoning TDD for the sake of "getting the damn project finished". However, giving up the code quality that came with it is not something I'm looking forward to. I'm afraid that if I stop writing tests, then I'll slip out of the habit of making the code so modular and testable. Am I perhaps doing something wrong to still be so slow at this? Are there alternatives that speed up productivity without completely losing the benefits? TAD? Less test coverage? How do other people survive TDD without killing all productivity and motivation?

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  • What is the best practice for when to check if something needs to be done?

    - by changokun
    Let's say I have a function that does x. I pass it a variable, and if the variable is not null, it does some action. And I have an array of variables and I'm going to run this function on each one. Inside the function, it seems like a good practice is to check if the argument is null before proceeding. A null argument is not an error, it just causes an early return. I could loop through the array and pass each value to the function, and the function will work great. Is there any value to checking if the var is null and only calling the function if it is not null during the loop? This doubles up on the checking for null, but: Is there any gained value? Is there any gain on not calling a function? Any readability gain on the loop in the parent code? For the sake of my question, let's assume that checking for null will always be the case. I can see how checking for some object property might change over time, which makes the first check a bad idea. Pseudo code example: for(thing in array) { x(thing) } Versus: for(thing in array) { if(thing not null) x(thing) } If there are language-specific concerns, I'm a web developer working in PHP and JavaScript.

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  • Why has C prevailed over Pascal?

    - by Konrad Morawski
    My understanding is that in the 1980s and perhaps in the 1990s, too - Pascal and C were pretty much head-to-head as production languages. Is the ultimate demise of Pascal only due to Borland's neglection of Delphi? Or was there more of such bad luck; or perhaps something inherently wrong with Pascal (any hopes for its revival?). I hope it's not an open, unanswerable question. I'm interested in historical facts and observations one can back up, rather than likes and dislikes. I also failed to find a duplicate question, which actually surprised me somewhat.

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  • How to modify Perl script to move packets in diffrent directory based on version? [migrated]

    - by Peter Penzov
    I have this Perl script which is used to soft packages based on packet version: #!/usr/bin/perl -w # # Compare versions of all *.rpm files against the # latest packages installed (if installed) # # Usage: # rpmver.pl # This script looks for all *.rpm files. # use strict; use RPM2; my $rpm_db = RPM2->open_rpm_db(); for my $filename (<*.rpm>) { my $h = RPM2->open_package( $filename ); # Ensure we compare against the newest # package of the given name. my ($installed) = sort { $b <=> $a } $rpm_db->find_by_name($h->name); if (not $installed) { printf "Package %s not installed.\n", $h->as_nvre; } else { my ($result) = ($h <=> $installed); if ($result < 0) { printf "Installed package %s newer than file %s\n", $installed->as_nvre, $h->as_nvre; } else { printf "File %s newer than installed package %s\n", $h->as_nvre, $installed->as_nvre; } } } I have a Linux repository with SRPMs. I want to move the packages with the latest into different directory for example latest_lackages. How the script must be modified?

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  • What reasons are there for not using a third party version control service?

    - by Earlz
    I've recently noticed a bit of a trend for my projects as of late. I use to run my own SVN server on my VPS, but recently the nail went in the coffin for that when I got my last project migrated from my server to a Mercurial repo on Bitbucket. What are some of the ramifications to this? (disregarding the change in version control systems) It seems like there has been a huge explosion in version control hosting, and companies like Bitbucket even offer private repos for free, and Github and other such services are extremely cheap now. Also, by using them you get the benefit of their infrastructure's speed and stability. What reasons are there these days to host your own version control? The only real reason I can think of is if your source code is super top secret.

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  • What are graphs in laymen's terms

    - by Justin984
    What are graphs, in computer science, and what are they used for? In laymen's terms preferably. I have read the definition on Wikipedia: In computer science, a graph is an abstract data type that is meant to implement the graph and hypergraph concepts from mathematics. A graph data structure consists of a finite (and possibly mutable) set of ordered pairs, called edges or arcs, of certain entities called nodes or vertices. As in mathematics, an edge (x,y) is said to point or go from x to y. The nodes may be part of the graph structure, or may be external entities represented by integer indices or references. but I'm looking for a less formal, easier to understand definition.

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  • Is it better to load up a class with methods or extend member functionality in a local subclass?

    - by Calvin Fisher
    Which is better? Class #1: public class SearchClass { public SearchClass (string ProgramName) { /* Searches LocalFile objects, handles exceptions, and puts results into m_Results. */ } DateTime TimeExecuted; bool OperationSuccessful; protected List<LocalFile> m_Results; public ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> Results { get { return new ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile>(m_Results); } } #region Results Filters public DateTime OldestFileModified { get { /* Does what it says. */ } } public ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> ResultsWithoutProcessFiles() { return new ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> ((from x in m_Results where x.FileTypeID != FileTypeIDs.ProcessFile select x).ToList()); } #endregion } Or class #2: public class SearchClass { public SearchClass (string ProgramName) { /* Searches LocalFile objects, handles exceptions, and puts results into m_Results. */ } DateTime TimeExecuted; bool OperationSuccessful; protected List<LocalFile> m_Results; public ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> Results { get { return new ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile>(m_Results); } } public class SearchResults : ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> { public SearchResults(IList<LocalFile> iList) : base(iList) { } #region Results Filters public DateTime OldestFileModified { get { /* Does what it says. */ } } public ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> ResultsWithoutProcessFiles() { return new ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> ((from x in this where x.FileTypeID != FileTypeIDs.ProcessFile select x).ToList()); } #endregion } } ...with the implication that OperationSuccessful is accompanied by a number of more interesting properties on how the operation went, and OldestFileModified and ResultsWithoutProcessFiles() also have several more siblings in the Results Filters section.

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  • Environment naming standards in software development?

    - by Marcus_33
    My project is currently suffering from environment naming issues. Different people have different assumptions as to what environments should be named or what the names designate, and it's causing confusion when discussing them. I've done a bit of research and I haven't found any standards out there. The terms include "Local", "Sand", "Dev", "Test", "User", "QA", "Staging" and "Prod" (plus a few more that different people have asked about) I'm not looking for just opinions, though if there's one out there that "everyone" has I'll take it - I'm trying to find definitions advanced by some sort of authority, even if it's unofficial. Here's the environments we currently use: Environment on the developer's PC Shared Environment where developers directly upload code to self-test Shared Environment where standards and functionality are tested by QA people Shared Environment where completed and QA-checked code is approved by project requesters Environment that mirrors the final environment as a final check and to prepare for deployment Final Environment where code is in use I know what I'd call them, but is there some sort of standard on this? Thanks in advance.

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  • May I use full-texted feed for my News Reader app?

    - by Mahdi Ghiasi
    I'm creating a news reader app. (Users will choose sources, but not the exact feed addresses. for example, they can choose Gizmodo but they will not see the exact url of Gizmodo's feed) Some of sources are giving partial feeds, and user must go to their website to read the complete article. My question is, May I make a fulltext version of their feed (for example, using this service) and use it instead of their feed in my News reader categories? Am I legally/ethically allowed to do this? What about using some other service like Readability? (Readability gives HTML page instead of feed as input, but anyway, output will be clean article without any advertises or such) Please note that some of these partial feeds may have some advertises inside, but the fulltext feed generators usually remove that advertises.

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  • How to write good code with new stuff?

    - by Reza M.
    I always try to write easily readable code that is well structured. I face a particular problem when I am messing around with something new. I keep changing the code, structure and so many other things. In the end, I look at the code and am annoyed at how complicated it became when I was trying to do something so simple. Once I've completed something, I refactor it heavily so that it's cleaner. This occurs after completion most of the time and it is annoying because the bigger the code the more annoying it is the rewrite it. I am curious to know how people deal with such agony, especially on big projects shared between many people ?

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  • Enterprise vs Real time embedded systems

    - by JakeFisher
    In university I have 2 options for software architecture: Enterprise Real time embedded systems I would be very glad if someone can give me a brief explanation of what those are. I am interested in following criterias: Brief overview Complexity and interest. So does knowledge costs time? Area of usage Profit(salary) Working tools, programs. Might be some text editor, uml editor. Something else?

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  • How to use multiple monitors effectivelly

    - by maaartinus
    I'm currently using a single monitor, since I see no value in something like this mentioned in this answer. It may be a good exercise for my neck, but besides of this I see no use therein at all. This amounts to 5760x1200 pixels, which is nearly 7M pixels, just fantastic, except for me not being a cyklop-han. The ratio of 24:5 is IMHO too bad for this to be usable. I don't even think that two 16:10 monitors side by side is a good idea. I never tried so I may be completely wrong, but I suppose that the 4:3 ratio would be much better for this. Or even 1:1, but no such thing is available (with some exceptions, either very expensive or very low resolution). Does anybody use two monitors arranged vertically (resulting in 16:20)? or two pivoted monitors side by side (resulting in 20:16)? or another such variant?

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  • Starting a career in quantitative finance

    - by Vitor Braga
    I've been reading John Hull book (Options, Futures and Other Derivatives) mostly on curiosity. I've read other books about financial markets in the past (like Elder's Trading for Living and the novel Reminiscences of a Stock Operator). But I'm really hooked by the John Hull book. My background is mostly scientific computing: number crunching, visualization and image processing. Mostly in C++, with some C, Fortran, Python, Ruby here and there. I've been thinking on moving on to quantitative finance - I'd like to do that. What would be the best way to start? Any tips?

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  • How to send credentials to linkedIn website and get oauth_verifier without signing in again [closed]

    - by akash kumar
    I am facing a problem sending credentials to another website so that I can login the user (automatically, not clicked on sign in here) and get an oauth_verifier value. I want to send the email address and the password through a form (submit button) from my website (e.g. a Liferay portal) to another website (e.g. LinkedIn), so that it automatically returns an oauth_verifier to my website. That means I don't want the user of my website to submit his email and password to LinkedIn again. My goal is to take the email and password of the user in my website and show the user his LinkedIn connection, message, job posting (again, in my website, not LinkedIn). I dont want the user redirected to the LinkedIn website to sign in there and then come back to my website. I have taken a consumer key and a secret key from LinkedIn for my web aplication. I am using the LinkedIn API and getting oauth_verifier for access token but in order to login, I have to take user to LinkedIn to sign in, while I want it to happen in the backend.

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  • PHP MYSQL loop to check if LicenseID Values are contained in mysql DB [closed]

    - by Jasper
    I have some troubles to find the right loop to check if some values are contained in mysql DB. I'm making a software and I want to add license ID. Each user has x keys to use. Now when the user start the client, it invokes a PHP page that check if the Key sent in the POST method is stored in DB or not. If that key isn't store than I need to check the number of his keys. If it's than X I'll ban him otherwise i add the new keys in the DB. I'm new with PHP and MYSQL. I wrote this code and I would know if I can improve it. <?php $user = POST METHOD $licenseID = POST METHOD $resultLic= mysql_query("SELECT id , idUser , idLicense FROM license WHERE idUser = '$user'") or die(mysql_error()); $resultNumber = mysql_num_rows($resultLic); $keyFound = '0'; // If keyfound is 1 the key is stored in DB while ($rows = mysql_fetch_array($resultLic,MYSQL_BOTH)) { //this loop check if the $licenseID is stored in DB or not for($i=0; $i< $resultNumber ; i++) { if($rows['idLicense'] === $licenseID) { //Just for the debug echo("License Found"); $keyFound = '1'; break; } //If key isn't in DB and there are less than 3 keys the new key will be store in DB if($keyfound == '0' && $resultNumber < 3) { mysql_query( Update users set ...Store $licenseID in Table) } // Else mean that the user want user another generated key (from the client) in the DB and i will be ban (It's wrote in TOS terms that they cant use the software on more than 3 different station) else { mysql_query( update users set ban ='1'.....etc ); } } ?> I know that this code seems really bad so i would know how i can improve it. Someone Could give me any advice? I choose to have 2 tables: users where all information about the users is, with fields id, username, password and another table license with fields id, idUsername, idLicense (the last one store license that the software generate)

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  • Learning Python is good?

    - by user15220
    Recently I have seen some videos from MIT on computer programming topics. I found it's really worth watching. Especially the concepts of algorithms and fundamental stuffs. The programs were written and explained in Python. I never had looked into this language before as I learned and doing stuffs with C/C++ programming. But the cleanliness and better readability of syntax attracted me. Of course as a C++ programmer for long time it's the most readable language for me. Also I heard Python library contains solid algorithms and data-structures implementations. Can you share your experience in this language?

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