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• Is it OK to have multiple asserts in a single unit test?

  - by Restuta

  I think that there are some cases when multiple assertions are needed (e.g. Guard Assertion), but in general I try to avoid this. What is your opinion? Please provide a real word examples when multiple asserts are really needed. Thanks! Edit In the comment to this great post Roy Osherove pointed to the OAPT project that is designed to run each assert in a single test. This is written on projects home page: Proper unit tests should fail for exactly one reason, that’s why you should be using one assert per unit test. And also Roy wrote in comments: My guideline is usually that you test one logical CONCEPT per test. you can have multiple asserts on the same object. they will usually be the same concept being tested.

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• Fundamental programming book [closed]

  - by Luke Annison

  I'm a fairly new programmer and currently learning ruby on rails with the intention of developing a web application. I am currently going reading Agile Web Development with Rails 4th Edition and its working well for me, however I'm wondering if somebody can recommend a more general, almost classic book to read casually alongside to help cement the fundamentals in place. As I said, I'm for the most part a beginner and the only education I've had is this and briefly one other technical book, so I'm sure there must be some "must reads" out there that give me a more substantial context for the basics of either Ruby on Rails, Ruby, objective oriented programming, or programming in general. What books helped you grasp a deeper and more rounded understanding of your skills as a programmer? All suggestions are welcome and appreciated.

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• Using PHP version 5.2 or 5.3 for commercial products?

  - by Ash

  I'm doing research on what version of PHP to use when creating commercial scripts that will be sold to the public. Although the available stats aren't great, PHP 5.3 shows a 18.5% adoption rate. I'd like to use Symfony to create these scripts and it requires 5.3.2 which shows an even lower adoption rate (roughly 13% of that 18.5% use less than 5.3.2). Would I be risking much by jumping straight to PHP 5.3.2+ or should I ignore the stats and plough ahead?

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• Can an agile shop every really score 12 on the Joel Test?

  - by Simon

  I really like the Joel test, use it myself, and encourage my staff and interviewees to consider it carefully. However I don't think I can ever score more than 9 because a few points seem to contradict the Agile Manifesto, XP and TDD, which are the bedrocks of my world. Specifically the questions about schedule, specs, testers and quiet working conditions run counter to what we are trying to create and the values that we have adopted in being genuinely agile. So my question is whether it is possible for a true Agile shop to score 12?

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• From physics to Java programmer?

  - by inovaovao

  I'm a physics phd with little actual programming experience. I've always liked programming and played around with Basic and Pascal (also VB and Delphi) as a teen, but the largest actual project I completed was an assignement for the introductory computer science class in university where I wrote a nice little program (about 1500 lines of pascal) to display functions of 2 variables in 3D. I've had also a couple other projects of a few hundred lines range, but during my phd I didn't have (or take) the time to program more (string theory is hard guys!), beside playing around with ruby. Now I've decided that I'm more interested in programming than in physics and started to learn Java (hoping to pass the certification exam next week) and OO design. Still, I have trouble deciding on what to focus next (Java EE? Web development? algorithms and C programming?) in order to maximize my employement chances. Bear in mind that I'm aiming (mostly) at the swedish job market and that I'm 30 years old. So for the questions: Do you think that I have any chances to start and make a career in IT and programming coming from physics? What would be the best strategy to maximize my value in the field? Do you have suggestions as to where my physics background might be useful?

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• How do you manage frequent software releases to multiple clients?

  - by meeech

  hi we have a cross-platform middleware product which we typically end up customizing/bug fixing on a per client basis. In some cases, providing updates as often as once/twice per week. We have a lot of trouble efficiently managing and releasing the updates to our clients. I've done some digging, but I can't find anything to specifically address this problem. Can anyone share their experiences - how do you deal with this scenario, or do you know of a good software delivery cms? thanks

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• DAO/Webservice Consumption in Web Application

  - by Gavin

  I am currently working on converting a "legacy" web-based (Coldfusion) application from single data source (MSSQL database) to multi-tier OOP. In my current system there is a read/write database with all the usual stuff and additional "read-only" databases that are exported daily/hourly from an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system by SSIS jobs with business product/item and manufacturing/SCM planning data. The reason I have the opportunity and need to convert to multi-tier OOP is a newer more modern ERP system is being implemented business wide that will be a complete replacement. This newer ERP system offers several interfaces for third party applications like mine, from direct SQL access to either a dotNet web-service or a SOAP-like web-service. I have found several suitable frameworks I would be happy to use (Coldspring, FW/1) but I am not sure what design patterns apply to my data access object/component and how to manage the connection/session tokens, with this background, my question has the following three parts: Firstly I have concerns with moving from the relative safety of a SSIS job that protects me from downtime and speed of the ERP system to directly connecting with one of the web services which I note seem significantly slower than I expected (simple/small requests often take up to a whole second). Are there any design patterns I can investigate/use to cache/protect my data tier? It is my understanding data access objects (the component that connects directly with the web services and convert them into the data types I can then work with in my Domain Objects) should be singletons (and will act as an Adapter/Facade), am I correct? As part of the data access object I have to setup a connection by username/password (I could set up multiple users and/or connect multiple times with this) which responds with a session token that needs to be provided on every subsequent request. Do I do this once and share it across the whole application, do I setup a new "connection" for every user of my application and keep the token in their session scope (might quickly hit licensing limits), do I set the "connection" up per page request, or is there a design pattern I am missing that can manage multiple "connections" where a requests/access uses the first free "connection"? It is worth noting if the ERP system dies I will need to reset/invalidate all the connections and start from scratch, and depending on which web-service I use might need manually close the "connection/session"

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• What incidentals do server maintenance people/devs need?

  - by SeniorShizzle

  I'm trying to put together a thank-you package for clients who are server-side developers and in charge of their company's servers and databases. Since I've never been in that line of work before, I would like to know what it is like. Get inside your heads, for instance. My first thought was (don't hate me) a few patch cables. I don't know if you guys actually need these often or anything. What are some similar things that you like or need for your lives at work. Small incidentals less than $10 are preferred, like Coffee or a notebook, screwdrivers. Et cetera.

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• Research idea in simulation

  - by Nilani Algiriyage

  Hi, I'm an undergraduate in University of Keleniya,Sri Lanka. I'm interested in doing a research on BPM, BPMN. But I have very few knowledgeable people and very few resources in my country. My supervisor also doesn't have enough knowledge in this area. So if you can please help me to find a research topic in BPM or BPMN. At least please help me to get an idea what areas I can do? Thank you very much. Regards, Nilani.

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• C++ 'using': Should I use it or should I avoid it?

  - by Mehrdad

  I realize there are subtly different semantics for some of these, because of ADL. In general, though: Which one should I prefer (if any), and why? (Or does it depend on the situation (e.g. inline header vs. implementation?) Also: should I prefer ::std:: over std::? using namespace std; pair<string::const_iterator, string::const_iterator> f(const string &s) { return make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or std::pair<std::string::const_iterator, std::string::const_iterator> f(const std::string &s) { return std::make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or using std::pair; using std::string; pair<string::const_iterator, string::const_iterator> f(const string &s) { return make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or std::pair<std::string::const_iterator, std::string::const_iterator> f(const std::string &s) { using std::make_pair; return make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or std::pair<std::string::const_iterator, std::string::const_iterator> f(const std::string &s) { using namespace std; return make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or something else? (This is assuming I don't have C++11 and auto.)

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• Should you use "internal abbreviations" in code comments?

  - by Anto

  Should you use "internal abbreviations/slang" inside comments, that is, abbreviations and slang people outside the project could have trouble understanding, for instance, using something like //NYI instead of //Not Yet Implemented? There are advantages of this, such as there is less "code" to type (though you could use autocomplete on the abbreviations) and you can read something like NYE faster than something like Not Yet Implemented, assuming you are aware of the abbreviation and its (unabbreviated) meaning. Myself, I would be careful with this as long as it is not a project on which I for sure will be the only developer.

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• IL and case-sensitivity

  - by Ali .NET

  Quoted from A Brief Introduction To IL code, CLR, CTS, CLS and JIT In .NET CLS stands for Common Language Specifications. It is a subset of CTS. CLS is a set of rules or guidelines which if followed ensures that code written in one .NET language can be used by another .NET language. For example one rule is that we cannot have member functions with same name with case difference only i.e we should not have add() and Add(). This may work in C# because it is case-sensitive but if try to use that C# code in VB.NET, it is not possible because VB.NET is not case-sensitive. Based on above text I want to confirm two points here: Does the case-sensitivity of IL is a condition for member functions only, and not for member properties? Is it true that C# wouldn't be inter-operable with VB.NET if it didn't take care of the case sensitivity?

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• Unit test SHA256 wrapper queries

  - by Sam Leach

  I am just beginning to write unit tests. So please bear with me. I have the following SHA256 wrapper. public static string SHA256(string plainText) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); SHA256CryptoServiceProvider provider = new SHA256CryptoServiceProvider(); var hashedBytes = provider.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText)); for (int i = 0; i < hashedBytes.Length; i++) { sb.Append(hashedBytes[i].ToString("x2").ToLower()); } return sb.ToString(); } Do I want to be testing it? If so, what do you recommend? My thought process is as follows: What logic is there here. The answer is my for loop and ToString("x2") so from my understanding I want to be testing this part? I can assume Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText) works. Correct assumption? I can assume SHA256CryptoServiceProvider.ComputeHash() works. Correct assumption? I want to be only testing my logic. In this case is limited to the printing of hex encoded hash. Correct? Thanks.

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• Distinction between API and frontend-backend

  - by Jason

  I'm trying to write a "standard" business web site. By "standard", I mean this site runs the usual HTML5, CSS and Javascript for the front-end, a back-end (to process stuff), and runs MySQL for the database. It's a basic CRUD site: the front-end just makes pretty whatever the database has in store; the backend writes to the database whatever the user enters and does some processing. Just like most sites out there. In creating my Github repositories to begin coding, I've realized I don't understand the distinction between the front-end back-end, and the API. Another way of phrasing my question is: where does the API come into this picture? I'm going to list some more details and then questions I have - hopefully this gives you guys a better idea of what my actual question is, because I'm so confused that I don't know the specific question to ask. Some more details: I'd like to try the Model-View-Controller pattern. I don't know if this changes the question/answer. The API will be RESTful I'd like my back-end to use my own API instead of allowing the back-end to cheat and call special queries. I think this style is more consistent. My questions: Does the front-end call the back-end which calls the API? Or does the front-end just call the API instead of calling the back-end? Does the back-end just execute an API and the API returns control to the back-end (where the back-end acts as the ultimate controller, delegating tasks)? Long and detailed answers explaining the role of the API alongside the front-end back-end are encouraged. If the answer depends on the model of programming (models other than the Model-View-Controller pattern), please describe these other ways of thinking of the API. Thanks. I'm very confused.

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• Penalization of under performing employees, how to avoid this? [closed]

  - by Sparky

  My company's management wants to deduct from the salary of under performing employees. I'm a member of the Core Strategy committee and they want my opinion also. I believe that the throughput from an employee depends on a lot of things such as the particular work assigned to them, other members of his/her team, other reasons etc. Such penalizations will be demoralizing to the people. How can I convince my management not to do so?

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• Is browser fingerprinting a viable technique for identifying anonymous users?

  - by SMrF

  Is browser fingerprinting a sufficient method for uniquely identifying anonymous users? What if you incorporate biometric data like mouse gestures or typing patterns? The other day I ran into the Panopticlick experiment EFF is running on browser fingerprints. Of course I immediately thought of the privacy repercussions and how it could be used for evil. But on the other hand, this could be used for great good and, at the very least, it's a tempting problem to work on. While researching the topic I found a few companies using browser fingerprinting to attack fraud. And after sending out a few emails I can confirm at least one major dating site is using browser fingerprinting as but one mechanism to detect fake accounts. (Note: They have found it's not unique enough to act as an identity when scaling up to millions of users. But, my programmer brain doesn't want to believe them). Here is one company using browser fingerprints for fraud detection and prevention: http://www.bluecava.com/ Here is a pretty comprehensive list of stuff you can use as unique identifiers in a browser: http://browserspy.dk/

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• Should all new web projects build their backend based on xml/json result sets?

  - by Blankman

  If you were building a new Saas project, would it make sense to start with all of the backend services returning xml/json? Because these days you need to build for both the web and mobile devices, and having a backend that is build from the start to return xml and json, you are ready to go mobile (all services have the business logic, so you won't be repeating anything). Now the web would be MVC, so the controller would just be routing the request to your service backend, and converting the json or xml to html. The obviousl downside is that you have to build a backend, and then another web project that calls your backend. But this also goes to you favor as it forces you to seperate your concerns, and not leak business logic in your controller/view layer. Thoughts?

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• What is the best policy for allowing clients to change email?

  - by Steve Konves

  We are developing a web application with a fairly standard registration process which requires a client/user to verify their email address before they are allowed to use the site. The site also allows users to change their email address after verification (with a re-type email field, as well). What are the pros and cons of having the user re-verify their email. Is this even needed? EDIT: Summary of answers and comments below: "Over-verification annoys people, so don't use it unless critical Use a "re-type email" field to prevent typos Beware of overwriting known good data with potentially good data Send email to old for notification; to new for verification Don't assume that the user still has access to the old email Identify impact of incorrect email if account is compromised

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• C# return variables

  - by pb01

  In a debate regarding return variables, some members of the team prefer a method to return the result directly to the caller, whereas others prefer to declare a return variable that is then returned to the caller (see code examples below) The argument for the latter is that it allows a developer that is debugging the code to find the return value of the method before it returns to the caller thereby making the code easier to understand: This is especially true where method calls are daisy-chained. Are there any guidelines as to which is the most efficient and/or are there any other reasons why we should adopt one style over another? Thanks private bool Is2(int a) { return a == 2; } private bool Is3(int a) { var result = a == 3; return result; }

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• PHP questions and answers

  - by Daniel James Clarke

  Hi guys I'm a web designer and front end developer, however our only back end developer has quit and left the company. The head of development(who is a desktop developer) has asked me to find a set of Questions and Answers that are of OOP level for a LAMP developer so we can see if new candidates for the job are up to scratch. As a designer I'm out of my depth and he's unfamiliar with LAMP development. Dan

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• How can I best study a problem to determine whether recursion can/should be used?

  - by user10326

  In some cases, I fail to see that a problem could be solved by the divide and conquer method. To give a specific example, when studying the find max sub-array problem, my first approach is to brute force it by using a double loop to find the max subarray. When I saw the solution using the divide and conquer approach which is recursion-based, I understood it but ok. From my side, though, when I first read the problem statement, I did not think that recursion is applicable. When studying a problem, is there any technique or trick to see that a recursion based (i.e. divide and conquer) approach can be used or not?

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• How is precedence determined in C pointers?

  - by ankur.trapasiya

  I've come across two pointer declarations that I'm having trouble understanding. My understanding of precedence rules goes something like this: Operator Precedence Associativity (), [ ] 1 Left to Right *, identifier 2 Right to Left Data type 3 But even given this, I can't seem to figure out how to evaluate the following examples correctly: First example float * (* (*ptr)(int))(double **,char c) My evaluation: *(ptr) (int) *(*ptr)(int) *(*(*ptr)(int)) Then, double ** char c Second example unsigned **( * (*ptr) [5] ) (char const *,int *) *(ptr) [5] *(*ptr)[5] *(*(*ptr)[5]) **(*(*ptr)[5]) How should I read them?

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• Why no more macro languages?

  - by Muhammad Alkarouri

  In this answer to a previous question of mine about scripting languages suitability as shells, DigitalRoss identifies the difference between the macro languages and the "parsed typed" languages in terms of string treatment as the main reason that scripting languages are not suitable for shell purposes. Macro languages include nroff and m4 for example. What are the design decisions (or compromises) needed to create a macro programming language? And why are most of the mainstream languages parsed rather than macro? This very similar question (and the accepted answer) covers fairly well why the parsed typed languages, take C for example, suffer from the use of macros. I believe my question here covers different grounds: Macro languages or those working on a textual level are not wholly failures. Arguably, they include bash, Tcl and other shell languages. And they work in a specific niche such as shells as explained in my links above. Even m4 had a fairly long time of success, and some of the web template languages can be regarded as macro languages. It is quite possible that macros and parsed typing do not go well together and that is why macros "break" common languages. In the answer to the linked question, a macro like #define TWO 1+1 would have been covered by the common rules of the language rather than conflicting with those of the host language. And issues like "macros are not typed" and "code doesn't compile" are not relevant in the context of a language designed as untyped and interpreted with little concern for efficiency. The question about the design decisions needed to create a macro language pertain to a hobby project which I am currently working on on designing a new shell. Taking the previous question in context would clarify the difference between adding macros to a parsed language and my objective. I hope the clarification shows that the question linked doesn't cover this question, which is two parts: If I want to create a macro language (for a shell or a web template, for example), what limitations and compromises (and guidelines, if exist) need to be done? (Probably answerable by a link or reference) Why have no macro languages succeed in becoming mainstream except in particular niches? What makes typed languages successful in large programming, while "stringly-typed" languages succeed in shells and one-liner like environments?

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• Is there an established or defined best practice for source control branching between development and production builds?

  - by Matthew Patrick Cashatt

  Thanks for looking. I struggled in how to phrase my question, so let me give an example in hopes of making more clear what I am after: I currently work on a dev team responsible for maintaining and adding features to a web application. We have a development server and we use source control (TFS). Each day everyone checks in their code and when the code (running on the dev server) passes our QA/QC program, it goes to production. Recently, however, we had a bug in production which required an immediate production fix. The problem was that several of us developers had code checked in that was not ready for production so we had to either quickly complete and QA the code, or roll back everything, undo pending changes, etc. In other words, it was a mess. This made me wonder: Is there an established design pattern that prevents this type of scenario. It seems like there must be some "textbook" answer to this, but I am unsure what that would be. Perhaps a development branch of the code and a "release-ready" or production branch of the code?

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• Why do companies opensource their code?

  - by Fahad Uddin

  I have seen many big companies like Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn opensource their code. I was curious to understand why would any company share their code to the world. One reason I understood that it makes the people better understand their API. Still, I am a little confused as any other company/person can use their code to find a vulnerability inside and get their site down. Why do such big companies take this risk then?

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