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  • Are there any downsides in using C++ for network daemons?

    - by badcat
    Hey guys! I've been writing a number of network daemons in different languages over the past years, and now I'm about to start a new project which requires a new custom implementation of a properitary network protocol. The said protocol is pretty simple - some basic JSON formatted messages which are transmitted in some basic frame wrapping to have clients know that a message arrived completely and is ready to be parsed. The daemon will need to handle a number of connections (about 200 at the same time) and do some management of them and pass messages along, like in a chat room. In the past I've been using mostly C++ to write my daemons. Often with the Qt4 framework (the network parts, not the GUI parts!), because that's what I also used for the rest of the projects and it was simple to do and very portable. This usually worked just fine, and I didn't have much trouble. Being a Linux administrator for a good while now, I noticed that most of the network daemons in the wild are written in plain C (of course some are written in other languages, too, but I get the feeling that 80% of the daemons are written in plain C). Now I wonder why that is. Is this due to a pure historic UNIX background (like KISS) or for plain portability or reduction of bloat? What are the reasons to not use C++ or any "higher level" languages for things like daemons? Thanks in advance! Update 1: For me using C++ usually is more convenient because of the fact that I have objects which have getter and setter methods and such. Plain C's "context" objects can be a real pain at some point - especially when you are used to object oriented programming. Yes, I'm aware that C++ is a superset of C, and that C code is basically C++. But that's not the point. ;)

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  • How to implement a single instance app manager in java (CVM PhoneME)?

    - by Marcus
    Hi, I'm working on a application manager for embeded platform based on the CVM PhoneME VM. The VM is started by a C++ app which configures the CVM and then triggers the VM itself. This C++ app is called form the command line passing the main class name and the classpath of a java application. There is a main java app (lets call it Manager) which loads the app using classloaders. I want this manager to be a single instance application so it could track all running apps. In other words: The first time I start an app (app1 for instance), the VM will launch and the Manager will load the app1. In further calls to load other apps (app2, app3 and so on), the same instance of the Manager would load those apps. The manager is working fine, except for the fact that this is not a single instance. Is it possible to do what I want? I found this: http://www.knowledgesutra.com/forums/topic/59760-how-to-implement-single-instance-application-on-java/ This is almost the same I want, except for the app loading part. However, the necessary packages are not available in the CVM implementation. Thanks very much.

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  • How do I get require_login()-like functionality using the new PHP Client Library for Facebook?

    - by cc
    Howdy. I've been tasked with making a Facebook game, but I'm new to Facebook development, so I'm just getting started. Apologies in advance if this is a no-brainer to people. I'm having trouble following all the examples I see on sites, and I keep running into missing pages in the Facebook documentation when I am trying to read up. I think it's because there's a new version of the PHP Client Library for Facebook, and everything I'm finding is referring to the old client. For instance, I see this code in a lot of examples: require 'facebook.php'; $facebook = new Facebook( array( 'appId' => '(id)', 'secret' => '(secret)' ) ); $facebook_account = $facebook->require_login(); ...but there's no "require_login()" in the client library provided in the facebook.php file. From what I can tell, it looks like Facebook has very recently rolled out some new system for development, but I don't see any sample code anywhere to deal with it. The new library comes with an "example.php" file, but it appears to be only for adding "Log in with Facebook" functionality to other sites (what I'm assuming is what they mean by "Facebook Connect" sites), not for just running apps in a Canvas page on Facebook itself. Specifically, what I need to do is let users visit an application page within Facebook, have it bring up the dialog box allowing them to authorize the app, have it show up in their "games" page, and then have it pass me the relevant info about the user so I can start creating the game. But I can't seem to find any tutorials or examples that show how to do this using the new library. Seems like this should be pretty straightforward, but I'm running into roadblocks. Or am I missing something about the PHP client library? Should require_login() be working for me, and there's something broken with my implementation, such as having the wrong client library or something? I downloaded from GitHub yesterday, so I'm pretty sure I have the most recent version of the code I have, but perhaps I'm downloading the wrong "facebook.php" file...?

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  • Increasing time resolution of BOOST::progress timer

    - by feelfree
    BOOST::progress_timer is a very useful class to measure the running time of a function. However, the default implementation of progress_timer is not accurate enough and a possible way of increasing time resolution is to reconstruct a new class as the following codes show: #include <boost/progress.hpp> #include <boost/static_assert.hpp> template<int N=2> class new_progress_timer:public boost::timer { public: new_progress_timer(std::ostream &os=std::cout):m_os(os) { BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(N>=0 &&N<=10); } ~new_progress_timer(void) { try { std::istream::fmtflags old_flags = m_os.setf(std::istream::fixed,std::istream::floatfield); std::streamsize old_prec = m_os.precision(N); m_os<<elapsed()<<"s\n" <<std::endl; m_os.flags(old_flags); m_os.precison(old_prec); } catch(...) { } } private: std::ostream &m_os; }; However, when I compile the codes with VC10, the following error appear: 'precison' : is not a member of 'std::basic_ostream<_Elem,_Traits>' Any ideas? Thanks.

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  • Putting all methods in class definition

    - by Amnon
    When I use the pimpl idiom, is it a good idea to put all the methods definitions inside the class definition? For example: // in A.h class A { class impl; boost::scoped_ptr<impl> pimpl; public: A(); int foo(); } // in A.cpp class A::impl { // method defined in class int foo() { return 42; } // as opposed to only declaring the method, and defining elsewhere: float bar(); }; A::A() : pimpl(new impl) { } int A::foo() { return pimpl->foo(); } As far as I know, the only problems with putting a method definition inside a class definition is that (1) the implementation is visible in files that include the class definition, and (2) the compiler may make the method inline. These are not problems in this case since the class is defined in a private file, and inlining has no effect since the methods are called in only one place. The advantage of putting the definition inside the class is that you don't have to repeat the method signature. So, is this OK? Are there any other issues to be aware of?

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  • [C#] how to do Exception Handling & Tracing

    - by shrimpy
    Hi all, i am reading some C# books, and got some exercise don't know how to do, or not sure what does the question mean. Problem: After working for a company for some time, your skills as a knowledgeable developer are recognized, and you are given the task of “policing” the implementation of exception handling and tracing in the source code (C#) for an enterprise application that is under constant incremental development. The two goals set by the product architect are: 100% of methods in the entire application must have at least a standard exception handler, using try/catch/finally blocks; more complex methods must also have additional exception handling for specific exceptions All control flow code can optionally write “tracing” information to assist in debugging and instrumentation of the application at run-time in situations where traditional debuggers are not available (eg. on staging and production servers). (i am not quite understand these criterias, i came from the java world, java has two kind of exception, check and unchecked exception. Developer must handle checked exception, and do logging. about unchecked exception, still do logging maybe, but most of the time we just throw it. however here comes to C#, what should i do????) Question for Problem: List rules you would create for the development team to follow, and the ways in which you would enforce rules, to achieve these goals. How would you go about ensuring that all existing code complies with the rules specified by the product architect; in particular, what considerations would impact your planning for the work to ensure all existing code complies?

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  • What are major differences between C# and Java?

    - by enba
    I just want to clarify one thing. This is not a question on which one is better, that part I leave to someone else to discuss. I don't care about it. I've been asked this question on my job interview and I thought it might be useful to learn a bit more. These are the ones I could come up with: Java is "platform independent". Well nowadays you could say there is the Mono project so C# could be considered too but I believe it is a bit exaggerating. Why? Well, when a new release of Java is done it is simultaneously available on all platforms it supports, on the other hand how many features of C# 3.0 are still missing in the Mono implementation? Or is it really CLR vs. JRE that we should compare here? Java doesn't support events and delegates. As far as I know. In Java all methods are virtual Development tools: I believe there isn't such a tool yet as Visual Studio. Especially if you've worked with team editions you'll know what I mean. Please add others you think are relevant. Update: Just popped up my mind, Java doesn't have something like custom attributes on classes, methods etc. Or does it?

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  • Where are the network boundaries in the Java Connector Architecture (JCA)?

    - by Laird Nelson
    I am writing a JCA resource adapter. I'm also, as I go, trying to fully understand the connection management portion of the JCA specification. As a thought experiment, pretend that the only client of this adapter will be a Swing Java Application Client located on a different machine. Also assume that the resource adapter will communicate with its "enterprise information system" (EIS) over the network as well. As I understand the JCA specification, the .rar file is deployed to the application server. The application server creates the .rar file's implementation of the ManagedConnectionFactory interface. It then asks it to produce a connection factory, which is the opaque object that is deployed to JNDI for the user to use to obtain a connection to the resource. (In the case of JDBC, the connection factory is a javax.sql.DataSource.) It is a requirement that the connection factory retain a reference to the application-server-supplied ConnectionManager, which, in turn, is required to be Serializable. This makes sense--in order for the connection factory to be stored in JNDI, it must be serializable, and in order for it to keep a reference to the ConnectionManager, the ConnectionManager must also be serializable. So fine, this little object graph gets installed in the application client's JNDI tree. This is where I start to get queasy. Is the ConnectionManager--the piece supplied by the application server that is supposed to handle connection management, sharing, pooling, etc.--wholly present on the client at this point? One of its jobs is to create ManagedConnection instances, and a ManagedConnection is not required to be Serializable, and the user connection handles it vends are also not required to be Serializable. That suggests to me that the whole connection pooling machinery is shipped wholesale to the application client and stuffed into its JNDI tree. Does this all mean that JCA interactions from the client side bypass the server-side componentry of the application server? Where are the network boundaries in the JCA API?

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  • How to handle Win+Shift+LEft/Right on Win7 with custom WM_GETMINMAXINFO logic?

    - by Steven Robbins
    I have a custom windows implementation in a WPF app that hooks WM_GETMINMAXINFO as follows: private void MaximiseWithTaskbar(System.IntPtr hwnd, System.IntPtr lParam) { MINMAXINFO mmi = (MINMAXINFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(MINMAXINFO)); System.IntPtr monitor = MonitorFromWindow(hwnd, MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST); if (monitor != System.IntPtr.Zero) { MONITORINFO monitorInfo = new MONITORINFO(); GetMonitorInfo(monitor, monitorInfo); RECT rcWorkArea = monitorInfo.rcWork; RECT rcMonitorArea = monitorInfo.rcMonitor; mmi.ptMaxPosition.x = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.left - rcMonitorArea.left); mmi.ptMaxPosition.y = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.top - rcMonitorArea.top); mmi.ptMaxSize.x = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.right - rcWorkArea.left); mmi.ptMaxSize.y = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.bottom - rcWorkArea.top); mmi.ptMinTrackSize.x = Convert.ToInt16(this.MinWidth * (desktopDpiX / 96)); mmi.ptMinTrackSize.y = Convert.ToInt16(this.MinHeight * (desktopDpiY / 96)); } Marshal.StructureToPtr(mmi, lParam, true); } It all works a treat and it allows me to have a borderless window maximized without having it sit on to of the task bar, which is great, but it really doesn't like being moved between monitors with the new Win7 keyboard shortcuts. Whenever the app is moved with Win+Shift+Left/Right the WM_GETMINMAXINFO message is received, as I'd expect, but MonitorFromWindow(hwnd, MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST) returns the monitor the application has just been moved FROM, rather than the monitor it is moving TO, so if the monitors are of differing resolutions the window end up the wrong size. I'm not sure if there's something else I can call, other then MonitorFromWindow, or whether there's a "moving monitors" message I can hook prior to WM_GETMINMAXINFO. I'm assuming there is a way to do it because "normal" windows work just fine.

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  • UIImagePickerController crashes on rapid scrolling, slower than photos app

    - by vvanhee
    Most of the time, my image picker works perfectly (iOS 4.2.1). However, if I scroll very rapidly up and down about 4-6 times through my camera roll of about 300 photos, I get a crash. This never happens with the "photos" app on the same iPhone 3Gs. Also, I'm noticing that the stock "photos" app scrolls much more smoothly than my image picker. Has anyone else noticed this behavior? I'd be interested if others could attempt this in their own apps and see if they crash. I don't think it's related to other objects hogging memory on my iPhone because it's a simple app, and this happens right after I start the app. It also doesn't seem to be related to messages sent to other released objects or overreleasing of other objects in viewdidunload, based on my crash logs and the fact that the simulator responds well to simulated memory warnings. I think it might be a bug in the internal implementation of the UIImagePickerController... This is how I start the picker. I've done this multiple ways (including setting a retain property for the UIImagePickerController in my header and releasing on dealloc). This seems to be the best way (crashes least): UIImagePickerController *picker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init]; picker.delegate = self; picker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum; picker.allowsEditing = YES; [self presentModalViewController:picker animated:YES]; [picker release]; This is the crashed thread (I get various exception types): Exception Type: SIGSEGV Exception Codes: SEGV_ACCERR at 0xfffffffff4faafa4 Crashed Thread: 8 ... Thread 8 Crashed: 0 CoreFoundation 0x000494ea -[__NSArrayM replaceObjectAtIndex:withObject:] + 98 1 PhotoLibrary 0x00008e0f -[PLImageTable _segmentAtIndex:] + 527 2 PhotoLibrary 0x00008a21 -[PLImageTable _mappedImageDataAtIndex:] + 221 3 PhotoLibrary 0x0000893f -[PLImageTable dataForEntryAtIndex:] + 15 4 PhotoLibrary 0x000087e7 PLThumbnailManagerImageDataAtIndex + 35 5 PhotoLibrary 0x00008413 -[PLThumbnailManager _dataForPhoto:format:width:height:bytesPerRow:dataWidth:dataHeight:imageDataOffset:imageDataFormat:preheat:] + 299 6 PhotoLibrary 0x000b6c13 __-[PLThumbnailManager preheatImageDataForImages:withFormat:]_block_invoke_1 + 159 7 libSystem.B.dylib 0x000d6680 _dispatch_call_block_and_release + 20 8 libSystem.B.dylib 0x000d6ba0 _dispatch_worker_thread2 + 128 9 libSystem.B.dylib 0x0007b251 _pthread_wqthread + 265

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  • Performance improvement of client server system

    - by Tanuj
    I have a legacy client server system where the server maintains a record of some data stored in a sqlite database. The data is related to monitoring access patterns of files stored on the server. The client application is basically a remote viewer of the data. When the client is launched, it connects to the server and gets the data from the server to display in a grid view. The data gets updated in real time on the server and the view in the client automatically gets refreshed. There are two problems with the current implementation: When the database gets too big, it takes a lot of time to load the client. What are the best ways to deal with this. One option is to maintain a cache at the client side. How to best implement a cache ? How can the server maintain a diff so that it only sends the diff during the refresh cycle. There can be multiple clients and each client needs to display the latest data available on the server. The server is a windows service daemon. Both the client and the server are implemented in C#

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  • Are application servers necessary? Advantages of using one? (And other JEE questions)

    - by Mike
    Apologies for the long question.. there seems to be other similar questions on here but none really clear up my confusion. I'd be really grateful if someone could confirm or correct my understanding: Java Enterprise Edition is a set of APIs for building enterprise applications, which take away the burden of developing parts of the system that aren't actually features of the application you are trying to build (i.e. messaging, transactions etc). To do this, you can use an application server, which implements these APIs. So you could use JBoss, Glassfish, WebSphere, WebLogic etc which would provide your application with these enterprise services. However, there are many other implementations of these individual services available such as ActiveMQ for messaging, Hibernate for persistence, OpenEJB etc. You can download these implementations as Java libraries and include them in your application, and use the services they provide in a similar way to using the services provided by an application server. So if my understanding is correct, my questions are: I've read a lot of places that application servers are necessary for JEE features like EJB, but can't you just use an implementation such as OpenEJB and not need an application server at all? Are there any features that an application server provides which you cannot get from another source? Why would/wouldn't I choose an application server over a custom stack such as Tomcat, OpenEJB, ActiveMQ, and Hibernate? Is Spring a complete alternative to JEE? Does it ever require an application server or always just a servlet container? Why would someone choose Spring over JEE? Any help would be much appreciated!

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  • About Interview structure for test automation lab developers

    - by Ikaso
    Hi, I am interviewing new applicants for a team that is doing test automation on our company product(s). The team is composed of junior software developers and a team leader. The product runs on windows and has both managed and unmanaged parts. The test automation is done on both client side (user mode and kernel mode) and server side (IIS, Windows Services, backend). We are doing mainly intergration tests and black box tests. I am trying to figure out how to organize my interview. My overall idea is to ask about a project they have done, then ask some technical questions (multithreading, GC, design patterns) and one programming question. Please note that there is another interview done before me with 2 programming questions. My programming question is rather simple (for example: reversing a singly-linked linked list). My coworkers think that my questions will not find good developers since my questions are rather simple and well known, but so far most of the applicants fail those questions. My questions are: Should I change the structure of my interview for this kind of job? What questions do you ask to figure our if the applicant is test oriented? (Maybe I should provide a buggy implementation of a problem and let them find the bugs and then ask them about what tests they would have done) Regards,

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  • NSTableView don't display data

    - by Tomas Svoboda
    HI, I have data in NSMutableArray and I want to display it in NSTableView, but only the number of cols has changed. This use of NSTableView is based on tutorial: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5teN5pMf-rs FinalImageBrowser is IBOutlet to NSTableView @implementation AppController NSMutableArray *listData; - (void)awakeFromNib { [FinalImageBrowser setDataSource:self]; } - (IBAction)StartReconstruction:(id)sender { NSMutableArray *ArrayOfFinals = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; //Array of list with final images NSString *FinalPicture; NSString *PicNum; int FromLine = [TextFieldFrom intValue]; //read number of start line int ToLine = [TextFieldTo intValue]; //read number of finish line int RecLine; for (RecLine = FromLine; RecLine < ToLine; RecLine++) //reconstruct from line to line { Start(RecLine); //start reconstruction //Create path of final image FinalPicture = @"FIN/final"; PicNum = [NSString stringWithFormat: @"%d", RecLine]; FinalPicture = [FinalPicture stringByAppendingString:PicNum]; FinalPicture = [FinalPicture stringByAppendingString:@".bmp"]; [ArrayOfFinals addObject:FinalPicture]; // add path to array } listData = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; [listData autorelease]; [listData addObjectsFromArray:ArrayOfFinals]; [FinalImageBrowser reloadData]; NSBeep(); //make some noise NSImage *fin = [[NSImage alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:FinalPicture]; [FinalImage setImage:fin]; } - (int)numberOfRowsInTableView:(NSTableView *)tv { return [listData count]; } - (id)tableView:(NSTableView *)tv objectValueFromTableColumn:(NSTableColumn *)tableColumn row:(int)row { return (NSString *)[listData objectAtIndex:row]; } @end when the StartReconstruction end the number of cols have changed right, but they're empty. When I debug app, items in listData is rigth. Thanks

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  • Optimizing this "Boundarize" method for Numerics in Ruby

    - by mstksg
    I'm extending Numerics with a method I call "Boundarize" for lack of better name; I'm sure there are actually real names for this. But its basic purpose is to reset a given point to be within a boundary. That is, "wrapping" a point around the boundary; if the area is betweeon 0 and 100, if the point goes to -1, -1.boundarize(0,100) = 99 (going one too far to the negative "wraps" the point around to one from the max). 102.boundarize(0,100) = 2 It's a very simple function to implement; when the number is below the minimum, simply add (max-min) until it's in the boundary. If the number is above the maximum, simply subtract (max-min) until it's in the boundary. One thing I also need to account for is that, there are cases where I don't want to include the minimum in the range, and cases where I don't want to include the maximum in the range. This is specified as an argument. However, I fear that my current implementation is horribly, terribly, grossly inefficient. And because every time something moves on the screen, it has to re-run this, this is one of the bottlenecks of my application. Anyone have any ideas? module Boundarizer def boundarize min=0,max=1,allow_min=true,allow_max=false raise "Improper boundaries #{min}/#{max}" if min >= max new_num = self if allow_min while new_num < min new_num += (max-min) end else while new_num <= min new_num += (max-min) end end if allow_max while new_num > max new_num -= (max-min) end else while new_num >= max new_num -= (max-min) end end return new_num end end class Numeric include Boundarizer end

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  • iPhone app. Creating a custom UIView that contains UITextField and UIButton.

    - by Dmitry Burchik
    Hi all. I am new to iPhone programming. And I have an issue. I need to create a custom user control that I will add to my UIScrollView dinamically. The control has an UITextField and an UIButton. See the code below: #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface FieldWithValueControl : UIView { UITextField *txtTagName; UIButton *addButton; } @property (nonatomic, readonly) UITextField *txtTagName; @property (nonatomic, readonly) UIButton *addButton; @end #import "FieldWithValueControl.h" #define ITEM_SPACING 10 #define ITEM_HEIGHT 20 #define SWITCHBOX_WIDTH 100 #define SCREEN_WIDTH 320 #define ITEM_FONT_SIZE 14 #define TEXTBOX_WIDTH 150 @implementation FieldWithValueControl @synthesize txtTagName; @synthesize addButton; - (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame { if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) { // Initialization code txtTagName = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, TEXTBOX_WIDTH, ITEM_HEIGHT)]; txtTagName.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect; addButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeContactAdd]; [addButton setFrame:CGRectMake(ITEM_SPACING + TEXTBOX_WIDTH, 0, ITEM_HEIGHT, ITEM_HEIGHT)]; [addButton addTarget:self action:@selector(addButtonTouched:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [self addSubview:txtTagName]; [self addSubview:addButton]; } return self; } - (void)addButtonTouched:sender { UIButton *button = (UIButton*)sender; NSString *title = [button titleLabel].text; } - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect { // Drawing code } - (void)dealloc { [txtTagName release]; [addButton release]; [super dealloc]; } @end In my code I create an object of that class and add it to scrollView on form. FieldWithValueControl *newTagControl = (FieldWithValueControl*)[[FieldWithValueControl alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(ITEM_SPACING, currentOffset + ITEM_SPACING, 0, 0)]; [scrollView addSubview:newTagControl]; The control looks fine, but if I click to the textbox or to the button nothing happens. Keyboard doesn't appear, the button is not clickable etc.

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  • Concise description of how .h and .m files interact in objective c?

    - by RJ86
    I have just started learning objective C and am really confused how the .h and .m files interact with each other. This simple program has 3 files: Fraction.h #import <Foundation/NSObject.h> @interface Fraction : NSObject { int numerator; int denominator; } - (void) print; - (void) setNumerator: (int) n; - (void) setDenominator: (int) d; - (int) numerator; - (int) denominator; @end Fraction.m #import "Fraction.h" #import <stdio.h> @implementation Fraction -(void) print { printf( "%i/%i", numerator, denominator ); } -(void) setNumerator: (int) n { numerator = n; } -(void) setDenominator: (int) d { denominator = d; } -(int) denominator { return denominator; } -(int) numerator { return numerator; } @end Main.m #import <stdio.h> #import "Fraction.h" int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { Fraction *frac = [[Fraction alloc] init]; [frac setNumerator: 1]; [frac setDenominator: 3]; printf( "The fraction is: " ); [frac print]; printf( "\n" ); [frac release]; return 0; } From what I understand, the program initially starts running the main.m file. I understand the basic C concepts but this whole "class" and "instance" stuff is really confusing. In the Fraction.h file the @interface is defining numerator and denominator as an integer, but what else is it doing below with the (void)? and what is the purpose of re-defining below? I am also quite confused as to what is happening with the (void) and (int) portions of the Fraction.m and how all of this is brought together in the main.m file. I guess what I am trying to say is that this seems like a fairly easy program to learn how the different portions work with each other - could anyone explain in non-tech jargon?

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  • Questions about the Backpropogation Algorithm

    - by Colemangrill
    I have a few questions concerning backpropogation. I'm trying to learn the fundamentals behind neural network theory and wanted to start small, building a simple XOR classifier. I've read a lot of articles and skimmed multiple textbooks - but I can't seem to teach this thing the pattern for XOR. Firstly, I am unclear about the learning model for backpropogation. Here is some pseudo-code to represent how I am trying to train the network. [Lets assume my network is setup properly (ie: multiple inputs connect to a hidden layer connect to an output layer and all wired up properly)]. SET guess = getNetworkOutput() // Note this is using a sigmoid activation function. SET error = desiredOutput - guess SET delta = learningConstant * error * sigmoidDerivative(guess) For Each Node in inputNodes For Each Weight in inputNodes[n] inputNodes[n].weight[j] += delta; // At this point, I am assuming the first layer has been trained. // Then I recurse a similar function over the hidden layer and output layer. // The prime difference being that it further divi's up the adjustment delta. I realize this is probably not enough to go off of, and I will gladly expound on any part of my implementation. Using the above algorithm, my neural network does get trained, kind of. But not properly. The output is always XOR 1 1 [smallest number] XOR 0 0 [largest number] XOR 1 0 [medium number] XOR 0 1 [medium number] I can never train the [1,1] [0,0] to be the same value. If you have any suggestions, additional resources, articles, blogs, etc for me to look at I am very interested in learning more about this topic. Thank you for your assistance, I appreciate it greatly!

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  • Appropriate uses of Monad `fail` vs. MonadPlus `mzero`

    - by jberryman
    This is a question that has come up several times for me in the design code, especially libraries. There seems to be some interest in it so I thought it might make a good community wiki. The fail method in Monad is considered by some to be a wart; a somewhat arbitrary addition to the class that does not come from the original category theory. But of course in the current state of things, many Monad types have logical and useful fail instances. The MonadPlus class is a sub-class of Monad that provides an mzero method which logically encapsulates the idea of failure in a monad. So a library designer who wants to write some monadic code that does some sort of failure handling can choose to make his code use the fail method in Monad or restrict his code to the MonadPlus class, just so that he can feel good about using mzero, even though he doesn't care about the monoidal combining mplus operation at all. Some discussions on this subject are in this wiki page about proposals to reform the MonadPlus class. So I guess I have one specific question: What monad instances, if any, have a natural fail method, but cannot be instances of MonadPlus because they have no logical implementation for mplus? But I'm mostly interested in a discussion about this subject. Thanks! EDIT: One final thought occured to me. I recently learned (even though it's right there in the docs for fail) that monadic "do" notation is desugared in such a way that pattern match failures, as in (x:xs) <- return [] call the monad's fail. It seems like the language designers must have been strongly influenced by the prospect of some automatic failure handling built in to haskell's syntax in their inclusion of fail in Monad.

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  • CompositionHost.Initialize() can not execute twice.

    - by Khoa
    I am currently try to integrate MEF and PRISM to work with each other. Everything is working fine so far. Now i would like to use MEF runtime module discovery (DeploymentCatalog) which will be used to download XAPs from server directory and then plug it into one of the Region inside my MAIN UI. I am using UnityBootStrapper and inside this class i also integrated MEF container. This sample application is based on Glenn Block (http://codebetter.com/glennblock/2010/01/03/mef-and-prism-exploration-mef-module-loading/). The following code is used to initialize CompositionContainer inside my Bootstrapper: // This is the host catalog which contains all parts of running assembly. var catalog = GetHostCatalog(); // Create MEF container which initial catalog var container = new CompositionContainer(catalog); // here we explicitly map a part to make it available on imports elsewhere, using // Unity to resolve the export so dependencies are resolved // We do this because region manager is third-party ... therefore, we need to // export explicitly because the implementation doesn't have its own [export] tag container.ComposeExportedValue<IRegionManager>(Container.Resolve<IRegionManager>()); container.ComposeExportedValue<IEventAggregator>(Container.Resolve<IEventAggregator>()); // Obtain CatalogService as a singleton // All dynamic modules will use this service to add its parts. Container.RegisterInstance<ICatalogService>(new CatalogService(catalog)); // Initialize the container CompositionHost.Initialize(container); Now i have another class called DeploymentCatalogService which is used to download the XAP from server. The current problem i am facing is that inside DeploymentCatalogService Initialize method, CompositionHost container is try to initialize its container with aggregateCatalog again. _aggregateCatalog = new AggregateCatalog(); _aggregateCatalog.Catalogs.Add(new DeploymentCatalog()); CompositionHost.Initialize(_aggregateCatalog); This causes an Exception which stated that The container has already been initialized. Is there a way to use the existing container and update it with the new aggregateCatalog? Hope this is not too confusing. Please be nice i am still new to MEF. Cheers,

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  • Can we have a component-scoped bean in a JSF2 composite component?

    - by Pradyumna
    Hi, I was wondering how I could create "component-scoped" beans, or so-to-say, "local variables inside a composite component" that are private to the instance of the composite component, and live as long as that instance lives. Below are more details, explained with an example: Suppose there is a "calculator" component - something that allows users to type in a mathematical expression, and evaluates its value. Optionally, it also plots the associated function. I can make a composite component that has: a text box for accepting the math expression two buttons called "Evaluate", and "Plot" another nested component that plots the function It is evidently a self-contained piece of function; so that somebody who wants to use it may just say <math:expressionEvaluator /> But obviously, the implementation would need a java object - something that evaluates the expression, something that computes the plot points, etc. - and I imagine it can be a bean - scoped just for this instance of this component, not a view-scoped or request-scoped bean that is shared across all instances of the component. How do I create such a bean? Is that even possible with composite components?

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  • Why do Scala maps have poor performance relative to Java?

    - by Mike Hanafey
    I am working on a Scala app that consumes large amounts of CPU time, so performance matters. The prototype of the system was written in Python, and performance was unacceptable. The application does a lot with inserting and manipulating data in maps. Rex Kerr's Thyme was used to look at the performance of updating and retrieving data from maps. Basically "n" random Ints were stored in maps, and retrieved from the maps, with the time relative to java.util.HashMap used as a reference. The full results for a range of "n" are here. Sample (n=100,000) performance relative to java, smaller is worse: Update Read Mutable 16.06% 76.51% Immutable 31.30% 20.68% I do not understand why the scala immutable map beats the scala mutable map in update performance. Using the sizeHint on the mutable map does not help (it appears to be ignored in the tested implementation, 2.10.3). Even more surprisingly the immutable read performance is worse than the mutable read performance, more significantly so with larger maps. The update performance of the scala mutable map is surprisingly bad, relative to both scala immutable and plain Java. What is the explanation?

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  • Request for advice about class design, inheritance/aggregation

    - by Lasse V. Karlsen
    I have started writing my own WebDAV server class in .NET, and the first class I'm starting with is a WebDAVListener class, modelled after how the HttpListener class works. Since I don't want to reimplement the core http protocol handling, I will use HttpListener for all its worth, and thus I have a question. What would the suggested way be to handle this: Implement all the methods and properties found inside HttpListener, just changing the class types where it matters (ie. the GetContext + EndGetContext methods would return a different class for WebDAV contexts), and storing and using a HttpListener object internally Construct WebDAVListener by passing it a HttpListener class to use? Create a wrapper for HttpListener with an interface, and constrct WebDAVListener by passing it an object implementing this interface? If going the route of passing a HttpListener (disguised or otherwise) to the WebDAVListener, would you expose the underlying listener object through a property, or would you expect the program that used the class to keep a reference to the underlying HttpListener? Also, in this case, would you expose some of the methods of HttpListener through the WebDAVListener, like Start and Stop, or would you again expect the program that used it to keep the HttpListener reference around for all those things? My initial reaction tells me that I want a combination. For one thing, I would like my WebDAVListener class to look like a complete implementation, hiding the fact that there is a HttpListener object beneath it. On the other hand, I would like to build unit-tests without actually spinning up a networked server, so some kind of mocking ability would be nice to have as well, which suggests I would like the interface-wrapper way. One way I could solve this would be this: public WebDAVListener() : WebDAVListener(new HttpListenerWrapper()) { } public WebDAVListener(IHttpListenerWrapper listener) { } And then I would implement all the methods of HttpListener (at least all those that makes sense) in my own class, by mostly just chaining the call to the underlying HttpListener object. What do you think? Final question: If I go the way of the interface, assuming the interface maps 1-to-1 onto the HttpListener class, and written just to add support for mocking, is such an interface called a wrapper or an adapter?

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  • Behavior difference between UIView.subviews and [NSView subviews]

    - by zpasternack
    I have a piece of code in an iPhone app, which removes all subviews from a UIView subclass. It looks like this: NSArray* subViews = self.subviews; for( UIView *aView in subViews ) { [aView removeFromSuperview]; } This works fine. In fact, I never really gave it much thought until I tried nearly the same thing in a Mac OS X app (from an NSView subclass): NSArray* subViews = [self subviews]; for( NSView *aView in subViews ) { [aView removeFromSuperview]; } That totally doesn’t work. Specifically, at runtime, I get this: *** Collection <NSCFArray: 0x1005208a0> was mutated while being enumerated. I ended up doing it like so: NSArray* subViews = [[self subviews] copy]; for( NSView *aView in subViews ) { [aView removeFromSuperview]; } [subViews release]; That's fine. What’s bugging me, though, is why does it work on the iPhone? subviews is a copy property: @property(nonatomic,readonly,copy) NSArray *subviews; My first thought was, maybe @synthesize’d getters return a copy when the copy attribute is specified. The doc is clear on the semantics of copy for setters, but doesn’t appear to say either way for getters (or at least, it’s not apparent to me). And actually, doing a few tests of my own, this clearly does not seem to be the case. Which is good, I think returning a copy would be problematic, for a few reasons. So the question is: how does the above code work on the iPhone? NSView is clearly returning a pointer to the actual array of subviews, and perhaps UIView isn’t. Perhaps it’s simply an implementation detail of UIView, and I shouldn’t get worked up about it. Can anyone offer any insight?

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  • How does one gets started with Winforms style applications on Win32?

    - by Billy ONeal
    EDIT: I'm extremely tired and frustrated at the moment -- please ignore that bit in this question -- I'll edit it in the morning to be better. Okay -- a bit of background: I'm a C++ programmer mostly, but the only GUI stuff I've ever done was on top of .NET's WinForms platform. I'm completely new to Windows GUI programming, and despite Petzold's excellent book, I'm extremely confused. Namely, it seems that most every reference on getting started with Win32 is all about drawing lines and curves and things -- a topic about which (at least at present time) I couldn't care less. I need a checked list box, a splitter, and a textbox -- something that would take less than 10 minutes to do in Winforms land. It has been recommended to me to use the WTL library, which provides an implementation of all three of these controls -- but I keep getting hung up on simple things, such as getting the damn controls to use the right font, and getting High DPI working correctly. I've spent two freaking days on this, and I can't help but think there has to be a better reference for these kinds of things than I've been able to find. Petzold's book is good, but it hasn't been updated since Windows 95 days, and there's been a LOT changed w.r.t. how applications should be correctly developed since it was published. I guess what I'm looking for is a modern Petzold book. Where can I find such a resource, if any?

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