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• Admob banner not getting remove from superview

  - by Anil gupta

  I am developing one 2d game using cocos2d framework, in this game i am using admob for advertising, in some classes not in all classes but admob banner is visible in every class and after some time game getting crash also. I am not getting how admob banner is comes in every class in fact i have not declare in Rootviewcontroller class. can any one suggest me how to integrate Admob in cocos2d game, i want Admob banner in particular classes not in every class, I am using latest google admob sdk, my code is below: Thanks in advance ` -(void)AdMob{ NSLog(@"ADMOB"); CGSize winSize = [[CCDirector sharedDirector]winSize]; // Create a view of the standard size at the bottom of the screen. if (UI_USER_INTERFACE_IDIOM() == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPad){ bannerView_ = [[GADBannerView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(size.width/2-364, size.height - GAD_SIZE_728x90.height, GAD_SIZE_728x90.width, GAD_SIZE_728x90.height)]; } else { // It's an iPhone bannerView_ = [[GADBannerView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(size.width/2-160, size.height - GAD_SIZE_320x50.height, GAD_SIZE_320x50.width, GAD_SIZE_320x50.height)]; } if (UI_USER_INTERFACE_IDIOM() == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPad) { bannerView_.adUnitID =@"a15062384653c9e"; } else { bannerView_.adUnitID =@"a15062392a0aa0a"; } bannerView_.rootViewController = self; [[[CCDirector sharedDirector]openGLView]addSubview:bannerView_]; [bannerView_ loadRequest:[GADRequest request]]; GADRequest *request = [[GADRequest alloc] init]; request.testing = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: GAD_SIMULATOR_ID, nil]; // Simulator [bannerView_ loadRequest:request]; } //best practice for removing the barnnerView_ -(void)removeSubviews{ NSArray* subviews = [[CCDirector sharedDirector]openGLView].subviews; for (id SUB in subviews){ [(UIView*)SUB removeFromSuperview]; [SUB release]; } NSLog(@"remove from view"); } //this makes the refreshTimer count -(void)targetMethod:(NSTimer *)theTimer{ //INCREASE OF THE TIMER AND SECONDS elapsedTime++; seconds++; //INCREASE OF THE MINUTOS EACH 60 SECONDS if (seconds>=60) { seconds=0; minutes++; [self removeSubviews]; [self AdMob]; } NSLog(@"TIME: %02d:%02d", minutes, seconds); } `

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• Voxel terrain rendering with marching cubes

  - by JavaJosh94

  I was working on making procedurally generated terrain using normal cubish voxels (like minecraft) But then I read about marching cubes and decided to convert to using those. I managed to create a working marching cubes class and cycle through the densities and everything in it seemed to be working so I went on to work on actual terrain generation. I'm using XNA (C#) and a ported libnoise library to generate noise for the terrain generator. But instead of rendering smooth terrain I get a 64x64 chunk (I specified 64 but can change it) of seemingly random marching cubes using different triangles. This is the code I'm using to generate a "chunk": public MarchingCube[, ,] getTerrainChunk(int size, float dMultiplyer, int stepsize) { MarchingCube[, ,] temp = new MarchingCube[size / stepsize, size / stepsize, size / stepsize]; for (int x = 0; x < size; x += stepsize) { for (int y = 0; y <size; y += stepsize) { for (int z = 0; z < size; z += stepsize) { float[] densities = {(float)terrain.GetValue(x, y, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x, y+stepsize, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize, y+stepsize, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize, y, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x,y,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer,(float)terrain.GetValue(x,y+stepsize,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer,(float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize,y+stepsize,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer,(float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize,y,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer }; Vector3[] corners = { new Vector3(x,y,z), new Vector3(x,y+stepsize,z),new Vector3(x+stepsize,y+stepsize,z),new Vector3(x+stepsize,y,z), new Vector3(x,y,z+stepsize), new Vector3(x,y+stepsize,z+stepsize), new Vector3(x+stepsize,y+stepsize,z+stepsize), new Vector3(x+stepsize,y,z+stepsize)}; if (x == 0 && y == 0 && z == 0) { temp[x / stepsize, y / stepsize, z / stepsize] = new MarchingCube(densities, corners, device); } temp[x / stepsize, y / stepsize, z / stepsize] = new MarchingCube(densities, corners); } } } (terrain is a Perlin Noise generated using libnoise) I'm sure there's probably an easy solution to this but I've been drawing a blank for the past hour. I'm just wondering if the problem is how I'm reading in the data from the noise or if I may be generating the noise wrong? Or maybe the noise is just not good for this kind of generation? If I'm reading it wrong does anyone know the right way? the answers on google were somewhat ambiguous but I'm going to keep searching. Thanks in advance!

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• Vehicle: Boat accelerating and turning in Unity

  - by Emilios S.

  I'm trying to make a player-controllable boat in Unity and I'm running into problems with my code. 1) I want to make the boat to accelerate and decelerate steadily instead of simply moving the speed I'm telling it to right away. 2) I want to make the player unable to steer the boat unless it is moving. 3) If possible, I want to simulate the vertical floating of a boat during its movement (it going up and down) My current code (C#) is this: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class VehicleScript : MonoBehaviour { public float speed=10; public float rotationspeed=50; // Use this for initialization // Update is called once per frame void Update () { // Forward movement if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.I)) speed = transform.Translate (Vector3.left*speed*Time.deltaTime); // Backward movement if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.K)) transform.Translate (Vector3.right*speed*Time.deltaTime); // Left movement if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.J)) transform.Rotate (Vector3.down*rotationspeed*Time.deltaTime); // Right movement if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.L)) transform.Rotate (Vector3.up*rotationspeed*Time.deltaTime); } } In the current state of my code, when I press the specified keys, the boat simply moves 10 units/sec instantly, and also stops instantly. I'm not really sure how to make the things stated above, so any help would be appreciated. Just to clarify, I don't necessarily need the full code to implement those features, I just want to know what functions to use in order to achieve the desired effects. Thank you very much.

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• Voxel Face Crawling (Mesh simplification, possibly using greedy)

  - by Tim Winter

  This is in regards to a Minecraft-like terrain engine. I store blocks in chunks (16x256x16 blocks in a chunk). When I generate a chunk, I use multiple procedural techniques to set the terrain and to place objects. While generating, I keep one 1D array for the full chunk (solid or not) and a separate 1D array of solid blocks. After generation, I iterate through the solid blocks checking their neighbors so I only generate block faces that don't have solid neighbors. I store which faces to generate in their own list (that's 6 lists, one per possible face). When rendering a chunk, I render all lists in the camera's current chunk and only the lists facing the camera in all other chunks. Using a 2D atlas with this little shader trick Andrew Russell suggested, I want to merge similar faces together completely. That is, if they are in the same list (same normal), are adjacent to each other, have the same light level, etc. My assumption would be to have each of the 6 lists sorted by the axis they rest on, then by the other two axes (the list for the top of a block would be sorted by it's Y value, then X, then Z). With this alone, I could quite easily merge strips of faces, but I'm looking to merge more than just strips together when possible. I've read up on this greedy meshing algorithm, but I am having a lot of trouble understanding it. To even use it, I would think I'd need to perform a type of flood-fill per sorted list to get the groups of merge-able faces. Then, per group, perform the greedy algorithm. It all sounds awfully expensive if I would ever want dynamic terrain/lighting after initial generation. So, my question: To perform merging of faces as described (ignoring whether it's a bad idea for dynamic terrain/lighting), is there perhaps an algorithm that is simpler to implement? I would also quite happily accept an answer that walks me through the greedy algorithm in a much simpler way (a link or explanation). I don't mind a slight performance decrease if it's easier to implement or even if it's only a little better than just doing strips. I worry that most algorithms focus on triangles rather than quads and using a 2D atlas the way I am, I don't know that I could implement something triangle based with my current skills. PS: I already frustum cull per chunk and as described, I also cull faces between solid blocks. I don't occlusion cull yet and may never.

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• Rule of thumb for enemy art design in 2D platformer

  - by Terrance

  I'm at the early stages of developing a 2D side scrolling open ended platformer (think Metroidvania) and am having a bit of difficulty at enemy design inspiration for something of a scifi, nature, fantasy setting that isn't overly familar or obvious. I haven't seen too many articles, blogs or books that talk about the subject at great length. Is there a fair rule of thumb when coming up with enemy art with respect to keeping your player engaged?

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• Factors to consider when building an algorithm for gun recoil

  - by Nate Bross

  What would be a good algorithm for calculating the recoil of a shooting guns cross-hairs? What I've got now, is something like this: Define min/max recoil based on weapon size Generate random number of "delta" movement Apply random value to X, Y, or both of cross-hairs (only "up" on the Y axis) Multiply new delta based on time from the previous shot (more recoil for full-auto) What I'm worried about is that this feels rather predicable, what other factors should one take into account when building recoil? While I'd like it to be somewhat predictable, I'd also like to keep players on their toes. I'm thinking about increasing the min/max recoil values by a large amount (relatively) and adding a weighting, so large recoils will be more rare -- it seems like a lot of effort to go into something I felt would be simple. Maybe this is just something that needs to be fine-tuned with additional playtesting, and more playtesters? I think that it's important to note, that the recoil will be a large part of the game, and is a key factor in the game being fun/challenging or not.

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• Tile Collision & Sliding against tiles

  - by Devin Rawlek

  I have a tile based map with a top down camera. My sprite stops moving when he collides with a wall in any of the four directions however I am trying to get the sprite to slide along the wall if more than one directional key is pressed after being stopped. Tiles are set to 32 x 32. Here is my code; // Gets Tile Player Is Standing On var splatterTileX = (int)player.Position.X / Engine.TileWidth; var splatterTileY = (int)player.Position.Y / Engine.TileHeight; // Foreach Layer In World Splatter Map Layers foreach (var layer in WorldSplatterTileMapLayers) { // If Sprite Is Not On Any Edges if (splatterTileX < layer.Width - 1 && splatterTileX > 0 && splatterTileY < layer.Height - 1 && splatterTileY > 0) { tileN = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY - 1); // North tileNE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY - 1); // North-East tileE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY); // East tileSE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY + 1); // South-East tileS = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY + 1); // South tileSW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY + 1); // South-West tileW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY); // West tileNW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY - 1); // North-West } // If Sprite Is Not On Any X Edges And Is On -Y Edge if (splatterTileX < layer.Width - 1 && splatterTileX > 0 && splatterTileY == 0) { tileE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY); // East tileSE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY + 1); // South-East tileS = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY + 1); // South tileSW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY + 1); // South-West tileW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY); // West } // If Sprite Is On +X And -Y Edges if (splatterTileX == layer.Width - 1 && splatterTileY == 0) { tileS = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY + 1); // South tileSW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY + 1); // South-West tileW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY); // West } // If Sprite Is On +X Edge And Y Is Not On Any Edge if (splatterTileX == layer.Width - 1 && splatterTileY < layer.Height - 1 && splatterTileY > 0) { tileS = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY + 1); // South tileSW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY + 1); // South-West tileW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY); // West tileNW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY - 1); // North-West tileN = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY - 1); // North } // If Sprite Is On +X And +Y Edges if (splatterTileX == layer.Width - 1 && splatterTileY == layer.Height - 1) { tileW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY); // West tileNW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY - 1); // North-West tileN = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY - 1); // North } // If Sprite Is Not On Any X Edges And Is On +Y Edge if (splatterTileX < (layer.Width - 1) && splatterTileX > 0 && splatterTileY == layer.Height - 1) { tileW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY); // West tileNW = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX - 1, splatterTileY - 1); // North-West tileN = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY - 1); // North tileNE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY - 1); // North-East tileE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY); // East } // If Sprite Is On -X And +Y Edges if (splatterTileX == 0 && splatterTileY == layer.Height - 1) { tileN = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY - 1); // North tileNE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY - 1); // North-East tileE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY); // East } // If Sprite Is On -X Edge And Y Is Not On Any Edges if (splatterTileX == 0 && splatterTileY < (layer.Height - 1) && splatterTileY > 0) { tileN = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY - 1); // North tileNE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY - 1); // North-East tileE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY); // East tileSE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY + 1); // South-East tileS = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY + 1); // South } // If Sprite Is In The Top Left Corner if (splatterTileX == 0 && splatterTileY == 0) { tileE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY); // East tileSE = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX + 1, splatterTileY + 1); // South-East tileS = layer.GetTile(splatterTileX, splatterTileY + 1); // South } // Creates A New Rectangle For TileN tileN.TileRectangle = new Rectangle(splatterTileX * Engine.TileWidth, (splatterTileY - 1) * Engine.TileHeight, Engine.TileWidth, Engine.TileHeight); // Tile Collision Detection Between Player Rectangle And N Tile var tileNCollision = player.Rectangle.Intersects(tileN.TileRectangle); // Creates A New Rectangle For TileNE tileNE.TileRectangle = new Rectangle((splatterTileX + 1) * Engine.TileWidth, (splatterTileY - 1) * Engine.TileHeight, Engine.TileWidth, Engine.TileHeight); // Tile Collision Detection Between Player Rectangle And NE Tile var tileNECollision = player.Rectangle.Intersects(tileNE.TileRectangle); // Creates A New Rectangle For TileE tileE.TileRectangle = new Rectangle((splatterTileX + 1) * Engine.TileWidth, splatterTileY * Engine.TileHeight, Engine.TileWidth, Engine.TileHeight); // Tile Collision Detection Between Player Rectangle And E Tile var tileECollision = player.Rectangle.Intersects(tileE.TileRectangle); // Creates A New Rectangle For TileSE tileSE.TileRectangle = new Rectangle((splatterTileX + 1) * Engine.TileWidth, (splatterTileY + 1) * Engine.TileHeight, Engine.TileWidth, Engine.TileHeight); // Tile Collision Detection Between Player Rectangle And SE Tile var tileSECollision = player.Rectangle.Intersects(tileSE.TileRectangle); // Creates A New Rectangle For TileS tileS.TileRectangle = new Rectangle(splatterTileX * Engine.TileWidth, (splatterTileY + 1) * Engine.TileHeight, Engine.TileWidth, Engine.TileHeight); // Tile Collision Detection Between Player Rectangle And S Tile var tileSCollision = player.Rectangle.Intersects(tileS.TileRectangle); // Creates A New Rectangle For TileSW tileSW.TileRectangle = new Rectangle((splatterTileX - 1) * Engine.TileWidth, (splatterTileY + 1) * Engine.TileHeight, Engine.TileWidth, Engine.TileHeight); // Tile Collision Detection Between Player Rectangle And SW Tile var tileSWCollision = player.Rectangle.Intersects(tileSW.TileRectangle); // Creates A New Rectangle For TileW tileW.TileRectangle = new Rectangle((splatterTileX - 1) * Engine.TileWidth, splatterTileY * Engine.TileHeight, Engine.TileWidth, Engine.TileHeight); // Tile Collision Detection Between Player Rectangle And Current Tile var tileWCollision = player.Rectangle.Intersects(tileW.TileRectangle); // Creates A New Rectangle For TileNW tileNW.TileRectangle = new Rectangle((splatterTileX - 1) * Engine.TileWidth, (splatterTileY - 1) * Engine.TileHeight, Engine.TileWidth, Engine.TileHeight); // Tile Collision Detection Between Player Rectangle And Current Tile var tileNWCollision = player.Rectangle.Intersects(tileNW.TileRectangle); // Allow Sprite To Occupy More Than One Tile if (tileNCollision && tileN.TileBlocked == false) { tileN.TileOccupied = true; } if (tileECollision && tileE.TileBlocked == false) { tileE.TileOccupied = true; } if (tileSCollision && tileS.TileBlocked == false) { tileS.TileOccupied = true; } if (tileWCollision && tileW.TileBlocked == false) { tileW.TileOccupied = true; } // Player Up if (keyState.IsKeyDown(Keys.W) || (gamePadOneState.DPad.Up == ButtonState.Pressed)) { player.CurrentAnimation = AnimationKey.Up; if (tileN.TileOccupied == false) { if (tileNWCollision && tileNW.TileBlocked || tileNCollision && tileN.TileBlocked || tileNECollision && tileNE.TileBlocked) { playerMotion.Y = 0; } else playerMotion.Y = -1; } else if (tileN.TileOccupied) { if (tileNWCollision && tileNW.TileBlocked || tileNECollision && tileNE.TileBlocked) { playerMotion.Y = 0; } else playerMotion.Y = -1; } } // Player Down if (keyState.IsKeyDown(Keys.S) || (gamePadOneState.DPad.Down == ButtonState.Pressed)) { player.CurrentAnimation = AnimationKey.Down; // Check Collision With Tiles if (tileS.TileOccupied == false) { if (tileSWCollision && tileSW.TileBlocked || tileSCollision && tileS.TileBlocked || tileSECollision && tileSE.TileBlocked) { playerMotion.Y = 0; } else playerMotion.Y = 1; } else if (tileS.TileOccupied) { if (tileSWCollision && tileSW.TileBlocked || tileSECollision && tileSE.TileBlocked) { playerMotion.Y = 0; } else playerMotion.Y = 1; } } // Player Left if (keyState.IsKeyDown(Keys.A) || (gamePadOneState.DPad.Left == ButtonState.Pressed)) { player.CurrentAnimation = AnimationKey.Left; if (tileW.TileOccupied == false) { if (tileNWCollision && tileNW.TileBlocked || tileWCollision && tileW.TileBlocked || tileSWCollision && tileSW.TileBlocked) { playerMotion.X = 0; } else playerMotion.X = -1; } else if (tileW.TileOccupied) { if (tileNWCollision && tileNW.TileBlocked || tileSWCollision && tileSW.TileBlocked) { playerMotion.X = 0; } else playerMotion.X = -1; } } // Player Right if (keyState.IsKeyDown(Keys.D) || (gamePadOneState.DPad.Right == ButtonState.Pressed)) { player.CurrentAnimation = AnimationKey.Right; if (tileE.TileOccupied == false) { if (tileNECollision && tileNE.TileBlocked || tileECollision && tileE.TileBlocked || tileSECollision && tileSE.TileBlocked) { playerMotion.X = 0; } else playerMotion.X = 1; } else if (tileE.TileOccupied) { if (tileNECollision && tileNE.TileBlocked || tileSECollision && tileSE.TileBlocked) { playerMotion.X = 0; } else playerMotion.X = 1; } } I have my tile detection setup so the 8 tiles around the sprite are the only ones detected. The collision variable is true if the sprites rectangle intersects with one of the detected tiles. The sprites origin is centered at 16, 16 on the image so whenever this point goes over to the next tile it calls the surrounding tiles. I am trying to have collision detection like in the game Secret of Mana. If I remove the diagonal checks the sprite will pass through thoses tiles because whichever tile the sprites origin is on will be the detection center. So if the sprite is near the edge of the tile and then goes up it looks like half the sprite is walking through the wall. Is there a way for the detection to occur for each tile the sprite's rectangle touches?

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• Swinging a sword in Xcode with Sprite Kit

  - by jking14

  I'm working on making an RPG in Xcode, and I'm having a major gameplay issue when it comes to having my character swing his sword in a way that is realistic and gameplay compatible. Right now, when the player taps the screen and the sword is in one of the player's hand, it rotates the upright sword 90 degrees. The sword which is a parent of the player floats in front of the player because of a collision issue I'm looking for any advice anyone can give on how to add a sword to the game and have it swing in a way that looks somewhat realistic and can damage enemies that are more than a single pixel away from the player

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• Issue with multiplayer interpolation

  - by Ben Cracknell

  In a fast-paced multiplayer game I'm working on, there is an issue with the interpolation algorithm. You can see it clearly in the image below. Cyan: Local position when a packet is received Red: Position received from packet (goal) Blue: Line from local position to goal when packet is received Black: Local position every frame As you can see, the local position seems to oscillate around the goals instead of moving between them smoothly. Here is the code: // local transform position when the last packet arrived. Will lerp from here to the goal private Vector3 positionAtLastPacket; // location received from last packet private Vector3 goal; // time since the last packet arrived private float currentTime; // estimated time to reach goal (also the expected time of the next packet) private float timeToReachGoal; private void PacketReceived(Vector3 position, float timeBetweenPackets) { positionAtLastPacket = transform.position; goal = position; timeToReachGoal = timeBetweenPackets; currentTime = 0; Debug.DrawRay(transform.position, Vector3.up, Color.cyan, 5); // current local position Debug.DrawLine(transform.position, goal, Color.blue, 5); // path to goal Debug.DrawRay(goal, Vector3.up, Color.red, 5); // received goal position } private void FrameUpdate() { currentTime += Time.deltaTime; float delta = currentTime/timeToReachGoal; transform.position = FreeLerp(positionAtLastPacket, goal, currentTime / timeToReachGoal); // current local position Debug.DrawRay(transform.position, Vector3.up * 0.5f, Color.black, 5); } /// <summary> /// Lerp without being locked to 0-1 /// </summary> Vector3 FreeLerp(Vector3 from, Vector3 to, float t) { return from + (to - from) * t; } Any idea about what's going on?

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• XNA 4.0 - Normal mapping shader - strange texture artifacts

  - by Taylor

  I recently started using custom shader. Shader can do diffuse and specular lighting and normal mapping. But normal mapping is causing really ugly artifacts (some sort of pixeling noise) for textures in greater distance. It looks like this: Image link This is HLSL code: // Matrix float4x4 World : World; float4x4 View : View; float4x4 Projection : Projection; //Textury texture2D ColorMap; sampler2D ColorMapSampler = sampler_state { Texture = <ColorMap>; MinFilter = Anisotropic; MagFilter = Linear; MipFilter = Linear; MaxAnisotropy = 16; }; texture2D NormalMap; sampler2D NormalMapSampler = sampler_state { Texture = <NormalMap>; MinFilter = Anisotropic; MagFilter = Linear; MipFilter = Linear; MaxAnisotropy = 16; }; // Light float4 AmbientColor : Color; float AmbientIntensity; float3 DiffuseDirection : LightPosition; float4 DiffuseColor : Color; float DiffuseIntensity; float4 SpecularColor : Color; float3 CameraPosition : CameraPosition; float Shininess; // The input for the VertexShader struct VertexShaderInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0; float3 Normal : NORMAL0; float3 Binormal : BINORMAL0; float3 Tangent : TANGENT0; }; // The output from the vertex shader, used for later processing struct VertexShaderOutput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0; float3 View : TEXCOORD1; float3x3 WorldToTangentSpace : TEXCOORD2; }; // The VertexShader. VertexShaderOutput VertexShaderFunction(VertexShaderInput input, float3 Normal : NORMAL) { VertexShaderOutput output; float4 worldPosition = mul(input.Position, World); float4 viewPosition = mul(worldPosition, View); output.Position = mul(viewPosition, Projection); output.TexCoord = input.TexCoord; output.WorldToTangentSpace[0] = mul(normalize(input.Tangent), World); output.WorldToTangentSpace[1] = mul(normalize(input.Binormal), World); output.WorldToTangentSpace[2] = mul(normalize(input.Normal), World); output.View = normalize(float4(CameraPosition,1.0) - worldPosition); return output; } // The Pixel Shader float4 PixelShaderFunction(VertexShaderOutput input) : COLOR0 { float4 color = tex2D(ColorMapSampler, input.TexCoord); float3 normalMap = 2.0 *(tex2D(NormalMapSampler, input.TexCoord)) - 1.0; normalMap = normalize(mul(normalMap, input.WorldToTangentSpace)); float4 normal = float4(normalMap,1.0); float4 diffuse = saturate(dot(-DiffuseDirection,normal)); float4 reflect = normalize(2*diffuse*normal-float4(DiffuseDirection,1.0)); float4 specular = pow(saturate(dot(reflect,input.View)), Shininess); return color * AmbientColor * AmbientIntensity + color * DiffuseIntensity * DiffuseColor * diffuse + color * SpecularColor * specular; } // Techniques technique Lighting { pass Pass1 { VertexShader = compile vs_2_0 VertexShaderFunction(); PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 PixelShaderFunction(); } } Any advice? Thanks!

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• SFML fail to load image as texture

  - by zyeek

  I have come to a problem with the code below ... Using SFML 2.0 #include <SFML/Graphics.hpp> #include <iostream> #include <list> int main() { float speed = 5.0f; // create the window sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(sf::VideoMode::getDesktopMode().height - 300, 800), "Bricks"); // Set game window position on the screen window.setPosition( sf::Vector2i(sf::VideoMode::getDesktopMode().width/4 + sf::VideoMode::getDesktopMode().width/16 , 0) ); // Allow library to accept repeatitive key presses (i.e. holding key) window.setKeyRepeatEnabled(true); // Hide mouse cursor //window.setMouseCursorVisible(false); // Limit 30 frames per sec; the minimum for all games window.setFramerateLimit(30); sf::Texture texture; if (!texture.loadFromFile("tile.png", sf::IntRect(0, 0, 125, 32))) { std::cout<<"Could not load image\n"; return -1; } // Empty list of sprites std::list<sf::Sprite> spriteContainer; bool gameFocus = true; // run the program as long as the window is open while (window.isOpen()) { sf::Vector2i mousePos = sf::Mouse::getPosition(window); // check all the window's events that were triggered since the last iteration of the loop sf::Event event; while (window.pollEvent(event)) { float offsetX = 0.0f, offsetY = 0.0f; if(event.type == sf::Event::GainedFocus) gameFocus = !gameFocus; else if(event.type == sf::Event::LostFocus) gameFocus = !gameFocus; if(event.type == sf::Event::KeyPressed) { if (event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::Space) { if(gameFocus) { // Create sprite and add features before putting it into container sf::Sprite sprite(texture); sprite.scale(.9f,.7f); sf::Vector2u textSize = texture.getSize(); sprite.setPosition(sf::Vector2f(mousePos.x-textSize.x/2.0f, mousePos.y - textSize.y/2.0f)); spriteContainer.push_front(sprite); } } if(event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::P) std::cout << spriteContainer.size() << std::endl; if( event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::W ) offsetY -= speed; if( event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::A ) offsetX -= speed; if( event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::S ) offsetY += speed; if( event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::D ) offsetX += speed; } // "close requested" event: we close the window if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed || event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::Escape) window.close(); // Move all sprites synchronously for (std::list<sf::Sprite>::iterator sprite = spriteContainer.begin(); sprite != spriteContainer.end(); ++sprite) sprite->move(offsetX, offsetY); //sprite.move(offsetX,offsetY); } // clear the window with black color window.clear(sf::Color::Black); // draw everything here... // window.draw(...); // Draw all sprites in the container for (std::list<sf::Sprite>::iterator sprite = spriteContainer.begin(); sprite != spriteContainer.end(); ++sprite) window.draw(*sprite); // end the current frame window.display(); } return 0; } A couple weeks ago it worked flawlessly to my expectation, but now that I come back to it and I am having problems importing the image as a texture "tile.png". I don't understand why this is evening happening and the only message I get via the terminal is "Cannot load image ..." then a bunch of random characters. My libraries are for sure working, but now I am not sure why the image is not loading. My image is in the same directory as with my .h and .cpp files. This is an irritating problem that keep coming up for some reason and is always a problem to fix it. I import my libraries via my own directory "locals" which contain many APIs, but I specifically get SFML, and done appropriately as I am able to open a window and many other stuff.

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• Collide with rotation of the object

  - by Lahiru

  I'm developing a mirror for lazer beam(Ball sprite). There I'm trying to redirect the laze beam according to the ration degree of the mirror(Rectangle). How can I collide the ball to the correct angle if the colliding object is with some angle(45 deg) rather than colliding back. here is an screen shot of my work here is my code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace collision { /// <summary> /// This is the main type for your game /// </summary> public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; Texture2D ballTexture; Rectangle ballBounds; Vector2 ballPosition; Vector2 ballVelocity; float ballSpeed = 30f; Texture2D blockTexture; Rectangle blockBounds; Vector2 blockPosition; private Vector2 origin; KeyboardState keyboardState; //Font SpriteFont Font1; Vector2 FontPos; private String displayText; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to perform any initialization it needs to before starting to run. /// This is where it can query for any required services and load any non-graphic /// related content. Calling base.Initialize will enumerate through any components /// and initialize them as well. /// </summary> protected override void Initialize() { // TODO: Add your initialization logic here ballPosition = new Vector2(this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / 2, this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height * 0.25f); blockPosition = new Vector2(this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / 2, this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height /2); ballVelocity = new Vector2(0, 1); base.Initialize(); } /// <summary> /// LoadContent will be called once per game and is the place to load /// all of your content. /// </summary> protected override void LoadContent() { // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures. spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); ballTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("ball"); blockTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("mirror"); //create rectangles based off the size of the textures ballBounds = new Rectangle((int)(ballPosition.X - ballTexture.Width / 2), (int)(ballPosition.Y - ballTexture.Height / 2), ballTexture.Width, ballTexture.Height); blockBounds = new Rectangle((int)(blockPosition.X - blockTexture.Width / 2), (int)(blockPosition.Y - blockTexture.Height / 2), blockTexture.Width, blockTexture.Height); origin.X = blockTexture.Width / 2; origin.Y = blockTexture.Height / 2; // TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here Font1 = Content.Load<SpriteFont>("SpriteFont1"); FontPos = new Vector2(graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width - 100, 20); } /// <summary> /// UnloadContent will be called once per game and is the place to unload /// all content. /// </summary> protected override void UnloadContent() { // TODO: Unload any non ContentManager content here } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to run logic such as updating the world, /// checking for collisions, gathering input, and playing audio. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> /// private float RotationAngle; float circle = MathHelper.Pi * 2; float angle; protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); // TODO: Add your update logic here //check for collision between the ball and the block, or if the ball is outside the bounds of the screen if (ballBounds.Intersects(blockBounds) || !GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Contains(ballBounds)) { //we have a simple collision! //if it has hit, swap the direction of the ball, and update it's position ballVelocity = -ballVelocity; ballPosition += ballVelocity * ballSpeed; } else { //move the ball a bit ballPosition += ballVelocity * ballSpeed; } //update bounding boxes ballBounds.X = (int)ballPosition.X; ballBounds.Y = (int)ballPosition.Y; blockBounds.X = (int)blockPosition.X; blockBounds.Y = (int)blockPosition.Y; keyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(); float val = 1.568017f/90; if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space)) RotationAngle = RotationAngle + (float)Math.PI; if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) RotationAngle = RotationAngle - val; angle = (float)Math.PI / 4.0f; // 90 degrees RotationAngle = angle; // RotationAngle = RotationAngle % circle; displayText = RotationAngle.ToString(); base.Update(gameTime); } /// <summary> /// This is called when the game should draw itself. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); // TODO: Add your drawing code here spriteBatch.Begin(); // Find the center of the string Vector2 FontOrigin = Font1.MeasureString(displayText) / 2; spriteBatch.DrawString(Font1, displayText, FontPos, Color.White, 0, FontOrigin, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0.5f); spriteBatch.Draw(ballTexture, ballPosition, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(blockTexture, blockPosition,null, Color.White, RotationAngle,origin, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0f); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } } }

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• Java Slick2d Animation not working

  - by user3558075

  Hello everyone I am trying to make a simple 2d game using java and the slick2d library. this is my first time doing it and i need some help. right now I am trying to make the Animations for the character, so that when you go right he turns right and when you go left he turns left... but I keep getting an error when im drawing the character, ive try'd re-downloading slick but that didnt work. when i get rid of the player.draw(x,y); line of code it dosen't crash but the character isnt there. heres my code, can anyone help? package enteties; import input.Keyinput; import org.newdawn.slick.Animation; import org.newdawn.slick.GameContainer; import org.newdawn.slick.Graphics; import org.newdawn.slick.Image; import org.newdawn.slick.Input; import org.newdawn.slick.SlickException; import org.newdawn.slick.state.BasicGameState; import org.newdawn.slick.state.StateBasedGame; import playerinfo.Playerinfo; public class Player extends BasicGameState{ Playerinfo pi = new Playerinfo(); Keyinput ki = new Keyinput(); Animation player,up,down,left,right; public void init(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame sbg) throws SlickException { Image[] goingUp = {new Image("res/buckysBack.png") , new Image("res/charBack.png")}; Image[] goingDown = {new Image("res/buckysFront.png") , new Image("res/charFront.png")}; Image[] goingLeft = {new Image("res/buckysLeft.png") , new Image("res/charLeft.png")}; Image[] goingRight = {new Image("res/buckysRight.png") , new Image("res/charRight.png")}; int[] duration = {200,200}; Animation up = new Animation(goingUp,duration,false); Animation down = new Animation(goingDown,duration,false); Animation left = new Animation(goingLeft,duration,false); Animation right = new Animation(goingRight,duration,false); player = up; } public void render(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame sbg, Graphics g) throws SlickException { //error happens here, when i remove this line it dosent crash player.draw(720,450); } public void update(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame sbg, int delta) throws SlickException { } public int getID() { return 0; } }

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• OpenGL Performance Questions

  - by Daniel

  This subject, as with any optimisation problem, gets hit on a lot, but I just couldn't find what I (think) I want. A lot of tutorials, and even SO questions have similar tips; generally covering: Use GL face culling (the OpenGL function, not the scene logic) Only send 1 matrix to the GPU (projectionModelView combination), therefore decreasing the MVP calculations from per vertex to once per model (as it should be). Use interleaved Vertices Minimize as many GL calls as possible, batch where appropriate And possibly a few/many others. I am (for curiosity reasons) rendering 28 million triangles in my application using several vertex buffers. I have tried all the above techniques (to the best of my knowledge), and received almost no performance change. Whilst I am receiving around 40FPS in my implementation, which is by no means problematic, I am still curious as to where these optimisation 'tips' actually come into use? My CPU is idling around 20-50% during rendering, therefore I assume I am GPU bound for increasing performance. Note: I am looking into gDEBugger at the moment Cross posted at StackOverflow

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• Why don't more games use vector art?

  - by Parris

  It would seem to me that vector art is more efficient in terms of resources/scalability; however, in most cases I have seen artists using bitmap/rasterized art. Is this a limitation put on the artists by the game programmers/designers? As a programmer I think vector art would be more ideal, since it allows for scaling up resolution without having to recreate the art, creating really large graphics or causing graphics to become blurry. The questions: why aren't more people using SVG/AI to create 2D game art? Would it actually be preferred (and who prefers it)? Are bitmap graphics a standard or a limitation (or maybe neither)? Background: I am working on an engine, and I had some kinda cool ideas for vector based graphics; however, I don't want to piss off artists in the future. I guess this is more a question centered around pragmatism and developing games.

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• Voxel Engine in Multiplayer?

  - by Oliver Schöning

  This is a question more out of Interest for now, because I am not even near to the point that I could create this project at the moment. I really like the progress on the Atomontage Engine. A Voxel engine that is WIP at the moment. I would like to create a Voxel SERVER eventually. First in JavaScript (That's what I am learning right now) later perhaps in C++ for speed. Remember, I am perfectly aware that this is very hard! This is a brainstorm for the next 10 years as for now. What I would like to achieve one day is a Multiplayer Game in the Browser where the voxels positions are updated by XYZ input from the server. The Browser Does only 3 things: sending player input to the server, updating Voxel positions send from the server and rendering the world. I imagine using something like the Three.js libary on the client side. So that would be my programming dream right there... Now to something simpler for the near future. Right now I am learning javascript. And I am making games with Construct2. (A really cool JavaScript "game maker") The plan is to create a 2D Voxel enviorment (Block Voxels) on the Socket.IO Server* and send the position of the Voxels and Players to the Client side which then positions the Voxel Blocks to the Server Output coordinates. I think that is a bit more manageable then the other bigger idea. And also there should be no worries about speed with this type of project in JavaScript (I hope). Extra Info: *I am using nodejs (Without really knowing what it does besides making Socket.IO work) So now some questions: Is the "dream project" doable in JavaScript? Or is C++ just the best option because it does not take as long to be interpreted at run time like JavaScript? What are the limitations? I can think of some: Need of a Powerful server depending on how much information the server has to process. Internet Speed; Sending the data of the Voxel positions to every player could add up being very high! The browser FPS might go down quickly if rendering to many objects. One way of fixing reducing the packages Could be to let the browser calculate some of the Voxel positions from Several Values. But that would slow down the Client side too. What about the more achievable project? I am almost 100% convinced that this is possible in JavaScript, and that there are several ways of doing this. This is just XY position Updating for now.. Hope this did make some sense. Please comment if you got something to say :D

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• Tiled game: how to correct load background image ?

  - by stighy

  Hi, i'm a newbie. I'm trying to develop a 2d game (top-down view). I would like to load a standard background, a textured ground... My "world" is big, for example 3000px X 3000px. I think it is not a good idea to load a 3000px x 3000px image and move it... So, how is the best practice ? To load a single small image (64x64) and repeat it for N times ? If yes, ok, but how i can manage the "background" movement ? Thanks Bye!

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• Android Can't get two virtual joysticks to move independently and at the same time

  - by Cole

  @Override public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub float r = 70; float centerLx = (float) (screenWidth*.3425); float centerLy = (float) (screenHeight*.4958); float centerRx = (float) (screenWidth*.6538); float centerRy = (float) (screenHeight*.4917); float dx = 0; float dy = 0; float theta; float c; int action = event.getAction(); int actionCode = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK; int pid = (action & MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_MASK) >> MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT; int fingerid = event.getPointerId(pid); int x = (int) event.getX(pid); int y = (int) event.getY(pid); c = FloatMath.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy); theta = (float) Math.atan(Math.abs(dy/dx)); switch (actionCode) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN: //if touching down on left stick, set leftstick ID to this fingerid. if(x < screenWidth/2 && c<r*.8) { lsId = fingerid; dx = x-centerLx; dy = y-centerLy; touchingLs = true; } else if(x > screenWidth/2 && c<r*.8) { rsId = fingerid; dx = x-centerRx; dy = y-centerRy; touchingRs = true; } break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: if (touchingLs && fingerid == lsId) { dx = x - centerLx; dy = y - centerLy; }else if (touchingRs && fingerid == rsId) { dx = x - centerRx; dy = y - centerRy; } c = FloatMath.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy); theta = (float) Math.atan(Math.abs(dy/dx)); //if touching outside left radius and moving left stick if(c >= r && touchingLs && fingerid == lsId) { if(dx>0 && dy<0) { //top right quadrant lsX = r * FloatMath.cos(theta); lsY = -(r * FloatMath.sin(theta)); Log.i("message", "top right"); } if(dx<0 && dy<0) { //top left quadrant lsX = -(r * FloatMath.cos(theta)); lsY = -(r * FloatMath.sin(theta)); Log.i("message", "top left"); } if(dx<0 && dy>0) { //bottom left quadrant lsX = -(r * FloatMath.cos(theta)); lsY = r * FloatMath.sin(theta); Log.i("message", "bottom left"); } else if(dx > 0 && dy > 0){ //bottom right quadrant lsX = r * FloatMath.cos(theta); lsY = r * FloatMath.sin(theta); Log.i("message", "bottom right"); } } if(c >= r && touchingRs && fingerid == rsId) { if(dx>0 && dy<0) { //top right quadrant rsX = r * FloatMath.cos(theta); rsY = -(r * FloatMath.sin(theta)); Log.i("message", "top right"); } if(dx<0 && dy<0) { //top left quadrant rsX = -(r * FloatMath.cos(theta)); rsY = -(r * FloatMath.sin(theta)); Log.i("message", "top left"); } if(dx<0 && dy>0) { //bottom left quadrant rsX = -(r * FloatMath.cos(theta)); rsY = r * FloatMath.sin(theta); Log.i("message", "bottom left"); } else if(dx > 0 && dy > 0) { rsX = r * FloatMath.cos(theta); rsY = r * FloatMath.sin(theta); Log.i("message", "bottom right"); } } else { if(c < r && touchingLs && fingerid == lsId) { lsX = dx; lsY = dy; } if(c < r && touchingRs && fingerid == rsId){ rsX = dx; rsY = dy; } } break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP: if (fingerid == lsId) { lsId = -1; lsX = 0; lsY = 0; touchingLs = false; } else if (fingerid == rsId) { rsId = -1; rsX = 0; rsY = 0; touchingRs = false; } break; } return true; } There's a left joystick and a right joystick. Right now only one will move at a time. If someone could set me on the right track I would be incredibly grateful cause I've been having nightmares about this problem.

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• How to control in the vertex shader where pixel ends up in the renderTarget?

  - by cubrman

  What if I have an arbitrary renderTarget, that is smaller than the screen (say it is 1x1 pixel) and I want to make sure in the VertexShaderFunction that all my pixels end up exactly in that 1 pixel region? No matter what I do, they all seem to get culled at some point, though GraphicDevise.Clear() works OK. Where is the top left corner of the renderTarget Vertex-shader-vise? I tried output.Position = (0,0,0,0)/(0,0,0,1)/(1,1,1,1)/(-0.5,0.5,0,1) NOTHING works! Fullscreen quad is not an option 'cause I actually need to process geometry in the shaders to get the results I need.

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• Stencil mask with AlphaTestEffect

  - by Brendan Wanlass

  I am trying to pull off the following effect in XNA 4.0: http://eng.utah.edu/~brendanw/question.jpg The purple area has 50% opacity. I have gotten pretty close with the following code: public static DepthStencilState AlwaysStencilState = new DepthStencilState() { StencilEnable = true, StencilFunction = CompareFunction.Always, StencilPass = StencilOperation.Replace, ReferenceStencil = 1, DepthBufferEnable = false, }; public static DepthStencilState EqualStencilState = new DepthStencilState() { StencilEnable = true, StencilFunction = CompareFunction.Equal, StencilPass = StencilOperation.Keep, ReferenceStencil = 1, DepthBufferEnable = false, }; ... if (_alphaEffect == null) { _alphaEffect = new AlphaTestEffect(_spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice); _alphaEffect.AlphaFunction = CompareFunction.LessEqual; _alphaEffect.ReferenceAlpha = 129; Matrix projection = Matrix.CreateOrthographicOffCenter(0, _spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters.BackBufferWidth, _spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters.BackBufferHeight, 0, 0, 1); _alphaEffect.Projection = world.SystemManager.GetSystem<RenderSystem>().Camera.View * projection; } _mask = new RenderTarget2D(_spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice, _spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters.BackBufferWidth, _spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters.BackBufferHeight, false, SurfaceFormat.Color, DepthFormat.Depth24Stencil8); _spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(_mask); _spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice.Clear(ClearOptions.Target | ClearOptions.Stencil, Color.Transparent, 0, 0); _spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, null, null, AlwaysStencilState, null, _alphaEffect); _spriteBatch.Draw(sprite.Texture, position, sprite.SourceRectangle,Color.White, 0f, sprite.Origin, 1f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); _spriteBatch.End(); _spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, null, null, EqualStencilState, null, null); _spriteBatch.Draw(_maskTex, new Vector2(x * _maskTex.Width, y * _maskTex.Height), null, Color.White, 0f, Vector2.Zero, 1f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); _spriteBatch.End(); _spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); _spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black); _spriteBatch.Begin(); _spriteBatch.Draw((Texture2D)_mask, Vector2.Zero, null, Color.White, 0f, Vector2.Zero, 1f, SpriteEffects.None, layer/max_layer); _spriteBatch.End(); My problem is, I can't get the AlphaTestEffect to behave. I can either mask over the semi-transparent purple junk and fill it in with the green design, or I can draw over the completely opaque grassy texture. How can I specify the exact opacity that needs to be replace with the green design?

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• Fighting Game and input buffering

  - by Pilispring

  In fighting game, there is an important thing called input buffering. When your character is doing an action, you can input the next action that will activate as soon as possible (the buffer is 5-10 frames). Is anyone had already done it or knows the most efficient way to do this? I thought of things like that: Enum list moves (a list of all my moves) if (moves = fireball) { if (Mycharacterisidle) { Do the fireball } else if (MycharacterisMoving) { if (lastspriteisnotfinished) { InputBuffer++; } else if(spriteisfinished && InputBuffer < 5) { Do the fireball } } } Any better ideas? Thx.

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• I need help with 3d shading/lighting.

  - by Xavier

  How do you guys handle shading in a 3d game? I have a directional light source that shades one side of a tree made of cubes. The remaining 3 sides all get ambient shading only. So the 3d effect is lost when looking at two ambient shaded sides. Am I missing something? Should I be shading the side furthest from the light source even darker? I tried looking at Fallout 3 and it kinda looks like this is what they do however Minecraft appears to shade a grass mound with two opposite sides light and the remaining two opposite sides dark kinda giving the effect that there are two directional lights for the two light shaded sides and ambient light for the dark shaded sides.

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• First time shadow mapping problems

  - by user1294203

  I have implemented basic shadow mapping for the first time in OpenGL using shaders and I'm facing some problems. Below you can see an example of my rendered scene: The process of the shadow mapping I'm following is that I render the scene to the framebuffer using a View Matrix from the light point of view and the projection and model matrices used for normal rendering. In the second pass, I send the above MVP matrix from the light point of view to the vertex shader which transforms the position to light space. The fragment shader does the perspective divide and changes the position to texture coordinates. Here is my vertex shader, #version 150 core uniform mat4 ModelViewMatrix; uniform mat3 NormalMatrix; uniform mat4 MVPMatrix; uniform mat4 lightMVP; uniform float scale; in vec3 in_Position; in vec3 in_Normal; in vec2 in_TexCoord; smooth out vec3 pass_Normal; smooth out vec3 pass_Position; smooth out vec2 TexCoord; smooth out vec4 lightspace_Position; void main(void){ pass_Normal = NormalMatrix * in_Normal; pass_Position = (ModelViewMatrix * vec4(scale * in_Position, 1.0)).xyz; lightspace_Position = lightMVP * vec4(scale * in_Position, 1.0); TexCoord = in_TexCoord; gl_Position = MVPMatrix * vec4(scale * in_Position, 1.0); } And my fragment shader, #version 150 core struct Light{ vec3 direction; }; uniform Light light; uniform sampler2D inSampler; uniform sampler2D inShadowMap; smooth in vec3 pass_Normal; smooth in vec3 pass_Position; smooth in vec2 TexCoord; smooth in vec4 lightspace_Position; out vec4 out_Color; float CalcShadowFactor(vec4 lightspace_Position){ vec3 ProjectionCoords = lightspace_Position.xyz / lightspace_Position.w; vec2 UVCoords; UVCoords.x = 0.5 * ProjectionCoords.x + 0.5; UVCoords.y = 0.5 * ProjectionCoords.y + 0.5; float Depth = texture(inShadowMap, UVCoords).x; if(Depth < (ProjectionCoords.z + 0.001)) return 0.5; else return 1.0; } void main(void){ vec3 Normal = normalize(pass_Normal); vec3 light_Direction = -normalize(light.direction); vec3 camera_Direction = normalize(-pass_Position); vec3 half_vector = normalize(camera_Direction + light_Direction); float diffuse = max(0.2, dot(Normal, light_Direction)); vec3 temp_Color = diffuse * vec3(1.0); float specular = max( 0.0, dot( Normal, half_vector) ); float shadowFactor = CalcShadowFactor(lightspace_Position); if(diffuse != 0 && shadowFactor > 0.5){ float fspecular = pow(specular, 128.0); temp_Color += fspecular; } out_Color = vec4(shadowFactor * texture(inSampler, TexCoord).xyz * temp_Color, 1.0); } One of the problems is self shadowing as you can see in the picture, the crate has its own shadow cast on itself. What I have tried is enabling polygon offset (i.e. glEnable(POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL), glPolygonOffset(GLfloat, GLfloat) ) but it didn't change much. As you see in the fragment shader, I have put a static offset value of 0.001 but I have to change the value depending on the distance of the light to get more desirable effects , which not very handy. I also tried using front face culling when I render to the framebuffer, that didn't change much too. The other problem is that pixels outside the Light's view frustum get shaded. The only object that is supposed to be able to cast shadows is the crate. I guess I should pick more appropriate projection and view matrices, but I'm not sure how to do that. What are some common practices, should I pick an orthographic projection? From googling around a bit, I understand that these issues are not that trivial. Does anyone have any easy to implement solutions to these problems. Could you give me some additional tips? Please ask me if you need more information on my code. Here is a comparison with and without shadow mapping of a close-up of the crate. The self-shadowing is more visible.

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• What prefer a game developer company? UDK experience or c++ game projects?

  - by momboco

  What prefer a game developer company? A developer with experience in UDK engine ? or, a developer with projects made entirely in c++ with a graphics engine like Ogre3D? I think that a coder can demonstrate better his abilities with games made in c++, because it requires a knowledge deeper in many fields. However, currently there is a lot of companies that develop his games with UDK. Now I don't know if is better specialize in a game engine like UDK.

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• Is HTML5/WebGL performance bad on low-end Android tablets and phones?

  - by Boris van Schooten

  I've developed a couple of WebGL games, and am trying them out on Android. I found that they run very slowly on my tablet, however. For example, a game with 10 sprites or so runs as 5fps. I tried Chrome and CocoonJS, but they are comparably slow. I also tried other games, and even games with only 5 or so moving sprites are this slow. This seems inconsistent with reports from others, such as this benchmark. Typically, when people talk about HTML5 game performance, they mention well-known and higher-end phones and tables. While my 7" tablet is cheap (I believe it's a relabeled Allwinner tablet, apparently with the Mali 400 GPU), I found it generally has a good gaming performance. All the games I tried run smoothly. I also developed an OpenGL ES 2 demo with 200 shaded 3D objects, and it ran at 50fps. My suspicion is that many low-end and white-label devices may have unacceptable HTML5/WebGL support, which means there may be a large section of gamers you will not reach when you choose this as your platform. I've heard rumors about inconsistent performance of HTML5 and WebGL on different devices, but no clear picture emerges. I would like to hear if any of you have had similar experiences with HTML5 or WebGL, or whether I can find information about the percentage of devices I can expect to have decent performance.

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