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  • Geometry instancing in OpenGL ES 2.0

    - by seahorse
    I am planning to do geometry instancing in OpenGL ES 2.0 Basically I plan to render the same geometry(a chair) maybe 1000 times in my scene. What is the best way to do this in OpenGL ES 2.0? I am considering passing model view mat4 as an attribute. Since attributes are per vertex data do I need to pass this same mat4, three times for each vertex of the same triangle(since modelview remains constant across vertices of the triangle). That would amount to a lot of extra data sent to the GPU( 2 extra vertices*16 floats*(Number of triangles) amount of extra data). Or should I be sending the mat4 only once per triangle?But how is that possible using attributes since attributes are defined as "per vertex" data? What is the best and efficient way to do instancing in OpenGL ES 2.0?

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  • Shadow-mapping xna

    - by Kurt Ricci
    I've been trying to implement shadows in my game and I've been following quite a few tutorials online, mainly Riemers, but I'm always getting the same 2 errors when I'm drawing my models and setting the parameters from the effect file. The errors are: This method does not accept null for this parameter. Parameter name: value and Object reference not set to an instance of an object. So I've then downloaded a sample and just replaced my model with the one found in the sample and the same errors occur. I this find very strange as it works with his model. I'm wondering if the problem is with my models (I made them myself). Here's the code where the errors occur (they start to occur after the second foreach loop). Any help would be greatly appreciated, thanks.

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  • C# XNA Handle mouse events?

    - by user406470
    I'm making a 2D game engine called Clixel over on GitHub. The problem I have relates to two classes, ClxMouse and ClxButton. In it I have a mouse class - the code for that can be viewed here. ClxMouse using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; namespace org.clixel { public class ClxMouse : ClxSprite { private MouseState _curmouse, _lastmouse; public int Sensitivity = 3; public bool Lock = true; public Vector2 Change { get { return new Vector2(_curmouse.X - _lastmouse.X, _curmouse.Y - _lastmouse.Y); } } private int _scrollwheel; public int ScrollWheel { get { return _scrollwheel; } } public bool LeftDown { get { if (_curmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool RightDown { get { if (_curmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool MiddleDown { get { if (_curmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool LeftPressed { get { if (_curmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed && _lastmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Released) return true; else return false; } } public bool RightPressed { get { if (_curmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Pressed && _lastmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Released) return true; else return false; } } public bool MiddlePressed { get { if (_curmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Pressed && _lastmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Released) return true; else return false; } } public bool LeftReleased { get { if (_curmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Released && _lastmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool RightReleased { get { if (_curmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Released && _lastmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool MiddleReleased { get { if (_curmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Released && _lastmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public MouseState CurMouse { get { return _curmouse; } } public MouseState LastMouse { get { return _lastmouse; } } public ClxMouse() : base(ClxG.Textures.Default.Cursor) { _curmouse = Mouse.GetState(); _lastmouse = _curmouse; CollisionBox = new Rectangle(ClxG.Screen.Center.X, ClxG.Screen.Center.Y, Texture.Width, Texture.Height); this.Solid = false; DefaultPosition = new Vector2(CollisionBox.X, CollisionBox.Y); Mouse.SetPosition(CollisionBox.X, CollisionBox.Y); } public ClxMouse(Texture2D _texture) : base(_texture) { _curmouse = Mouse.GetState(); _lastmouse = _curmouse; CollisionBox = new Rectangle(ClxG.Screen.Center.X, ClxG.Screen.Center.Y, Texture.Width, Texture.Height); DefaultPosition = new Vector2(CollisionBox.X, CollisionBox.Y); } public override void Update() { _lastmouse = _curmouse; _curmouse = Mouse.GetState(); if (_curmouse != _lastmouse) { if (ClxG.Game.IsActive) { _scrollwheel = _curmouse.ScrollWheelValue; Velocity = new Vector2(Change.X / Sensitivity, Change.Y / Sensitivity); if (Lock) Mouse.SetPosition(ClxG.Screen.Center.X, ClxG.Screen.Center.Y); _curmouse = Mouse.GetState(); } base.Update(); } } public override void Draw(SpriteBatch _sb) { base.Draw(_sb); } } } ClxButton using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; namespace org.clixel { public class ClxButton : ClxSprite { /// <summary> /// The color when the mouse is over the button /// </summary> public Color HoverColor; /// <summary> /// The color when the color is being clicked /// </summary> public Color ClickColor; /// <summary> /// The color when the button is inactive /// </summary> public Color InactiveColor; /// <summary> /// The color when the button is active /// </summary> public Color ActiveColor; /// <summary> /// The color after the button has been clicked. /// </summary> public Color ClickedColor; /// <summary> /// The text to be displayed on the button, set to "" if no text is needed. /// </summary> public string Text; /// <summary> /// The ClxText object to be displayed. /// </summary> public ClxText TextRender; /// <summary> /// The ClxState that should be ResetAndShow() when the button is clicked. /// </summary> public ClxState ClickState; /// <summary> /// Collision check to make sure onCollide() only runs once per frame, /// since only the mouse needs to be collision checked. /// </summary> private bool _runonce = false; /// <summary> /// Gets a value indicating whether this instance is colliding. /// </summary> /// <value> /// <c>true</c> if this instance is colliding; otherwise, <c>false</c>. /// </value> public bool IsColliding { get { return _runonce; } } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ClxButton"/> class. /// </summary> public ClxButton() : base(ClxG.Textures.Default.Button) { HoverColor = Color.Red; ClickColor = Color.Blue; InactiveColor = Color.Gray; ActiveColor = Color.White; ClickedColor = Color.Yellow; Text = Name + ID + " Unset!"; TextRender = new ClxText(); TextRender.Text = Text; TextRender.TextPadding = new Vector2(5, 5); ClickState = null; CollideObjects(ClxG.Mouse); } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ClxButton"/> class. /// </summary> /// <param name="_texture">The button texture.</param> public ClxButton(Texture2D _texture) : base(_texture) { HoverColor = Color.Red; ClickColor = Color.Blue; InactiveColor = Color.Gray; ActiveColor = Color.White; ClickedColor = Color.Yellow; Texture = _texture; Text = Name + ID; TextRender = new ClxText(); TextRender.Name = this.Name + ".TextRender"; TextRender.Text = Text; TextRender.TextPadding = new Vector2(5, 5); TextRender.Reset(); ClickState = null; CollideObjects(ClxG.Mouse); } /// <summary> /// Draws the debug information, run from ClxG.DrawDebug unless manual control is assumed. /// </summary> /// <param name="_sb">SpriteBatch used for drawing.</param> public override void DrawDebug(SpriteBatch _sb) { _runonce = false; TextRender.DrawDebug(_sb); _sb.Draw(Texture, ActualRectangle, new Rectangle(0, 0, Texture.Width, Texture.Height), DebugColor, Rotation, Origin, Flip, Layer); _sb.Draw(ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG, new Rectangle(ActualRectangle.X - DebugLineWidth, ActualRectangle.Y - DebugLineWidth, ActualRectangle.Width + DebugLineWidth * 2, ActualRectangle.Height + DebugLineWidth * 2), new Rectangle(0, 0, ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG.Width, ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG.Height), DebugOutline, Rotation, Origin, Flip, Layer - 0.1f); _sb.Draw(ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG, ActualRectangle, new Rectangle(0, 0, ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG.Width, ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG.Height), DebugBGColor, Rotation, Origin, Flip, Layer - 0.01f); } /// <summary> /// Draws using the SpriteBatch, run from ClxG.Draw unless manual control is assumed. /// </summary> /// <param name="_sb">SpriteBatch used for drawing.</param> public override void Draw(SpriteBatch _sb) { _runonce = false; TextRender.Draw(_sb); if (Visible) if (Debug) { DrawDebug(_sb); } else _sb.Draw(Texture, ActualRectangle, new Rectangle(0, 0, Texture.Width, Texture.Height), Color, Rotation, Origin, Flip, Layer); } /// <summary> /// Updates this instance. /// </summary> public override void Update() { if (this.Color != ActiveColor) this.Color = ActiveColor; TextRender.Layer = this.Layer + 0.03f; TextRender.Text = Text; TextRender.Scale = .5f; TextRender.Name = this.Name + ".TextRender"; TextRender.Origin = new Vector2(TextRender.CollisionBox.Center.X, TextRender.CollisionBox.Center.Y); TextRender.Center(this); TextRender.Update(); this.CollisionBox.Width = (int)(TextRender.CollisionBox.Width * TextRender.Scale) + (int)(TextRender.TextPadding.X * 2); this.CollisionBox.Height = (int)(TextRender.CollisionBox.Height * TextRender.Scale) + (int)(TextRender.TextPadding.Y * 2); base.Update(); } /// <summary> /// Collide event, takes the colliding object to call it's proper collision code. /// You'd want to use something like if(typeof(collider) == typeof(ClxObject) /// </summary> /// <param name="collider">The colliding object.</param> public override void onCollide(ClxObject collider) { if (!_runonce) { _runonce = true; UpdateEvents(); base.onCollide(collider); } } /// <summary> /// Updates the mouse based events. /// </summary> public void UpdateEvents() { onHover(); if (ClxG.Mouse.LeftReleased) { onLeftReleased(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.RightReleased) { onRightReleased(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.MiddleReleased) { onMiddleReleased(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.LeftPressed) { onLeftClicked(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.RightPressed) { onRightClicked(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.MiddlePressed) { onMiddleClicked(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.LeftDown) { onLeftClick(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.RightDown) { onRightClick(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.MiddleDown) { onMiddleClick(); return; } } /// <summary> /// Shows the state of the click. /// </summary> public void ShowClickState() { if (ClickState != null) { ClickState.ResetAndShow(); } } /// <summary> /// Hover event /// </summary> virtual public void onHover() { this.Color = HoverColor; } /// <summary> /// Left click event /// </summary> virtual public void onLeftClick() { this.Color = ClickColor; } /// <summary> /// Right click event /// </summary> virtual public void onRightClick() { } /// <summary> /// Middle click event /// </summary> virtual public void onMiddleClick() { } /// <summary> /// Left click event, called once per click /// </summary> virtual public void onLeftClicked() { ShowClickState(); } /// <summary> /// Right click event, called once per click /// </summary> virtual public void onRightClicked() { this.Reset(); } /// <summary> /// Middle click event, called once per click /// </summary> virtual public void onMiddleClicked() { } /// <summary> /// Ons the left released. /// </summary> virtual public void onLeftReleased() { this.Color = ClickedColor; } virtual public void onRightReleased() { } virtual public void onMiddleReleased() { } } } The issue I have is that I have all these have event styled methods, especially in ClxButton with all the onLeftClick, onRightClick, etc, etc. Is there a better way for me to handle these events to be a lot more easier for a programmer to use? I was looking at normal events on some other sites, (I'd post them but I need more rep.) and didn't really see a good way to implement delegate events into my framework. I'm not really sure how these events work, could someone possibly lay out how these events are processed for me? TL:DR * Is there a better way to handle events like this? * Are events a viable solution to this problem? Thanks in advance for any help.

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  • optimizing graphics for iOS flash game

    - by 1GR3
    Friend of mine and me are working on a flash developed iOS (and later Android) puzzle board game. He's a programmer and I'm a designer/developer so (no surprise) we have a different points of view. anyway, he's method: make small tiles (100x100px) in photoshop join them into the board and then in flash apply effects to the board to avoid repetition (80's not in the good way) my method: precompose the whole board (960x640px+bleed) in photoshop and than mask active and inactive areas in flash what do you think? thank you in advance!

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  • Bone creation in XNA Content Pipeline

    - by cod3monk3y
    I'm trying to manually create a ModelContent instance that includes custom Bone data in a custom ContentProcessor in the XNA Content Pipeline. I can't seem to create or assign manually created bone data due to either private constructors or read-only collections (at every turn). The code I have right now that creates a single triangle ModelContent that I'd like to create a bone for is: MeshContent mc = new MeshContent(); mc.Positions.Add(new Vector3(-10, 0, 0)); mc.Positions.Add(new Vector3(0, 10, 0)); mc.Positions.Add(new Vector3(10, 0, 0)); GeometryContent gc = new GeometryContent(); gc.Indices.AddRange(new int[] { 0, 1, 2 }); gc.Vertices.AddRange(new int[] { 0, 1, 2 }); mc.Geometry.Add(gc); // Create normals MeshHelper.CalculateNormals(mc, true); // finally, convert it to a model ModelContent model = context.Convert<MeshContent, ModelContent>(mc, "ModelProcessor"); The documentation on XNA is amazingly sparse. I've been referencing the class diagrams created by DigitalRune and Sean Hargreaves blog, but I haven't found anything on creating bone content. Once the ModelContent is created, it's not possible to add bones because the Bones collection is read-only. And it seems the only way to create the ModelContent instance is to call the standard ModelProcessor via ContentProcessorContext.Convert. So it's a bit of a catch-22. The BoneContent class has a constructor but no methods except those inherited from NodeContent... though now (true to form) maybe I've realized the solution by asking the question. Should I create a root NodeContent with two children: one MeshContent and one BoneContent as the root of my skeleton; then pass the root NodeContent to ContentProcessorContext.Convert? Off to try that now...

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  • blurry image rendered

    - by Jason
    I'm using Direct2D to render a PNG image using a ID2D1BitmapRenderTarget and then caling it's GetBitmap() function and rendering the image using ID2D1HwndRenderTarget::DrawBitmap(). Some of the images rendered this way are clear but others appear blurry. I did some research and followed a tutorial to make my application "DPI Aware" but it didn't help. What could cause the rendered image to appear blurry? Has anyone experienced this issue before? What can I do about this?

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  • In GLSL is it possible to offset vertices based on height map colour?

    - by Rob
    I am attempting to generate some terrain based upon a heightmap. I have generated a 32 x 32 grid and a corresponding height map - In my vertex shader I am trying to offset the position of the Y axis based upon the colour of the heightmap, white vertices being higher than black ones. //Vertex Shader Code #version 330 uniform mat4 modelMatrix; uniform mat4 viewMatrix; uniform mat4 projectionMatrix; uniform sampler2D heightmap; layout (location=0) in vec4 vertexPos; layout (location=1) in vec4 vertexColour; layout (location=3) in vec2 vertexTextureCoord; layout (location=4) in float offset; out vec4 fragCol; out vec4 fragPos; out vec2 fragTex; void main() { // Retreive the current pixel's colour vec4 hmColour = texture(heightmap,vertexTextureCoord); // Offset the y position by the value of current texel's colour value ? vec4 offset = vec4(vertexPos.x , vertexPos.y + hmColour.r, vertexPos.z , 1.0); // Final Position gl_Position = projectionMatrix * viewMatrix * modelMatrix * offset; // Data sent to Fragment Shader. fragCol = vertexColour; fragPos = vertexPos; fragTex = vertexTextureCoord; } However the code I have produced only creates a grid with none of the y vertices higher than any others. This is the C++ code that generates the grid and texture co-orientates which I believe to be correct as the texture is mapped to the grid, hence the white blob in the middle. The grid-lines are generated in the fragment shader, sorry for any confusion. I have tried multiplying the r value of hmColour by 1000 unfortunately that had no effect. The only other problem it could be is that the texture coordinate data is incorrect ? for (int z = 0; z < MAP_Z ; z++) { for(int x = 0; x < MAP_X ; x++) { //Generate Vertex Buffer vertexData[iVertex++] = float (x) * MAP_X; vertexData[iVertex++] = 0; vertexData[iVertex++] = -(float) (z) * MAP_Z; //Colour Buffer NOT NEEDED colourData[iColour++] = 255.0f; // R colourData[iColour++] = 1.0f; // G colourData[iColour++] = 0.0f; // B //Texture Buffer textureData[iTexture++] = (float ) x * (1.0f / MAP_X); textureData[iTexture++] = (float ) z * (1.0f / MAP_Z); } } The heightmap texture I am trying to use appears like so (without grid-lines). This is the corresponding fragment shader // Fragment Shader Code #version 330 uniform sampler2D hmTexture; layout (location=0) out vec4 fragColour; in vec2 fragTex; in vec4 pos; void main(void) { vec2 line = fragTex * 32; // Without Gridlines fragColour = texture(hmTexture,fragTex); // With grid lines // + mix(vec4(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0), vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0), // smoothstep(0.05,fract(line.y), 0.99) * smoothstep(0.05,fract(line.x),0.99)); }

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  • Why i can not load a simple pixel shader effect (. fx) file in xna?

    - by Mehdi Bugnard
    I just want to load a simple *.fx file into my project to make a (pixel shader) effect. But whenever I try to compile my project, I get the following error in visual studio Error List: Errors compiling .. ID3DXEffectCompiler: There were no techniques ID3DXEffectCompiler: Compilation failed I already searched on google and found many people with the same problem. And I realized that it was a problem of encoding. With the return lines unrecognized '\ n' . I tried to copy and paste to notepad and save as with ASCII or UTF8 encoding. But the result is always the same. Do you have an idea please ? Thanks a looot :-) Here is my [.fx] file : sampler BaseTexture : register(s0); sampler MaskTexture : register(s1) { addressU = Clamp; addressV = Clamp; }; //All of these variables are pixel values //Feel free to replace with float2 variables float MaskLocationX; float MaskLocationY; float MaskWidth; float MaskHeight; float BaseTextureLocationX; //This is where your texture is to be drawn float BaseTextureLocationY; //texCoord is different, it is the current pixel float BaseTextureWidth; float BaseTextureHeight; float4 main(float2 texCoord : TEXCOORD0) : COLOR0 { //We need to calculate where in terms of percentage to sample from the MaskTexture float maskPixelX = texCoord.x * BaseTextureWidth + BaseTextureLocationX; float maskPixelY = texCoord.y * BaseTextureHeight + BaseTextureLocationY; float2 maskCoord = float2((maskPixelX - MaskLocationX) / MaskWidth, (maskPixelY - MaskLocationY) / MaskHeight); float4 bitMask = tex2D(MaskTexture, maskCoord); float4 tex = tex2D(BaseTexture, texCoord); //It is a good idea to avoid conditional statements in a pixel shader if you can use math instead. return tex * (bitMask.a); //Alternate calculation to invert the mask, you could make this a parameter too if you wanted //return tex * (1.0 - bitMask.a); }

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  • How can I reorient the axes of an object?

    - by d3vid
    I spent some time in Unity yesterday trying to fire a sphere from a horizontal cylinder (like a ball from a cannon). I was using Vector3.forward, but the sphere kept coming out the top of the cylinder rather than the front. Someone suggested using Vector3.up instead, and sure enough it worked! The cylinder is vertical by default. So, it appears that when I rotated the cylinder by 90 degrees to lay it flat, the local axes remained the same. The relative front of the cylinder remained at the same point, so when I fired the sphere it shot out the new "top", not what looked to me like the "front". If I had happened to be facing the other way, I would have had to fire at Vector3.down instead. How can I reorient/reset the axes of an object so that they match my expectations? (And if I can't, how can I tell by looking which way an object is oriented?)

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  • OpenGL and atlas

    - by user30088
    I'm trying to draw element from a texture atlas with OpenGL ES 2. Currently, I'm drawing my elements using something like that in the shader: uniform mat4 uCamera; uniform mat4 uModel; attribute vec4 aPosition; attribute vec4 aColor; attribute vec2 aTextCoord; uniform vec2 offset; uniform vec2 scale; varying lowp vec4 vColor; varying lowp vec2 vUV; void main() { vUV = offset + aTextCoord * scale; gl_Position = (uCamera * uModel) * aPosition; vColor = aColor; } For each elements to draw I send his offset and scale to the shader. The problem with this method: I can't rotate the element but it's not a problem for now. I would like to know, what is better for performance: Send uniforms like that for each element on every frames Update quad geometry (uvs) for each element Thanks!

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  • Lost transparency in SDL surfaces drawn manually

    - by Christian Ivicevic
    I want to create SDL_Surface objects for each layer of my 2d tile-based map so that I have to render only one surface per layer rather than too many tiles. With normal tiles which do not have transparent areas this works well, however I am not able to create a SDL_Surface with transparent pixels everywhere to be able to draw some tiles on specific parts which should be visible (I do NOT want the whole surface to appear with a specific opacity - I want to create overlaying tiles where one can look through). Currently I am creating my layers like this to draw with SDL_BlitSurface on them: SDL_Surface* layer = SDL_CreateRGBSurface( SDL_HWSURFACE | SDL_SRCALPHA, layerWidth, layerHeight, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0); If you have a look at this screenshot I have provided here you can see that the bottom layer with no transparent parts gets rendered correctly. However the overlay with the tree tile (which is transparent in the top left corner) is drawn own its own surface which is black and not transparent as expected. The expected result (concerning the transparency) can be seen here Can anyone explain me how to handle surfaces which are actually transparent rather than drawing all my overlay tiles separately?

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  • Objective-c Cocos2d moving a sprite

    - by marcg11
    I hope someone knows how to do the following with cocos2d: I want a sprite to move but not in a single line by using [cocosGuy runAction: [CCMoveTo actionWithDuration:1 position:location]]; What I want is the sprite to do some kind of movements that I preestablish. For example in some point i want the sprirte to move for instance up and then down but in a curve. Do I have to do this with flash like this documents says? http://www.cocos2d-iphone.org/wiki/doku.php/prog_guide:animation Does animation in this page means moving sprites or what? thanks

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  • 'Unblock' / 'Yellow Out' game questions

    - by pimvdb
    I would very much like to build a game that is known as 'Unblock' or 'Yellow Out'. It is a puzzle game in which the task is to move a car out of a parking space by moving other cars in certain directions. These are links where the game can be played: Yellow Out Unblock My questions concerning this game are: Is this game actually licensed? I see it's available under two names (perhaps even more). Does this mean the game idea can be used freely? Is there an article about it? I have not been able to find it on Wikipedia. I would like to gather some information about the game so as to understand more details of it. Is there some database with puzzles available? I can just check the puzzles of existing games, but that's a pain because I have to finish a level to get on to the following one. I was wondering whether there is a general list of puzzles somewhere. Thanks!

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  • Run bat file in Java and wait 2

    - by Savvas Dalkitsis
    This is a followup question to my other question : http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2434125/run-bat-file-in-java-and-wait The reason i am posting this as a separate question is that the one i already asked was answered correctly. From some research i did my problem is unique to my case so i decided to create a new question. Please go read that question before continuing with this one as they are closely related. Running the proposed code blocks the program at the waitFor invocation. After some research i found that the waitFor method blocks if your process has output that needs to be proccessed so you should first empty the output stream and the error stream. I did those things but my method still blocks. I then found a suggestion to simply loop while waiting the exitValue method to return the exit value of the process and handle the exception thrown if it is not, pausing for a brief moment as well so as not to consume all the CPU. I did this: import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { try { Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec( "cmd /k start SQLScriptsToRun.bat" + " -UuserName -Ppassword" + " projectName"); final BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream())); final BufferedReader error = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getErrorStream())); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { while (input.readLine()!=null) {} } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }).start(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { while (error.readLine()!=null) {} } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }).start(); int i = 0; boolean finished = false; while (!finished) { try { i = p.exitValue(); finished = true; } catch (IllegalThreadStateException e) { e.printStackTrace(); try { Thread.sleep(500); } catch (InterruptedException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } } } System.out.println(i); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } but my process will not end! I keep getting this error: java.lang.IllegalThreadStateException: process has not exited Any ideas as to why my process will not exit? Or do you have any libraries to suggest that handle executing batch files properly and wait until the execution is finished?

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  • Resource not found?

    - by SystemNetworks
    When I write in my terminal, java -jar myJar.jar, it gives me an error "Resource Not found res/playNow.png" When I run it in eclipse, it does not give me any errors about this image. My folder in my eclipse is outside my package called res and inside it are images. This is the full error Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Resource not found: res/playNow.png at org.newdawn.slick.util.ResourceLoader.getResourceAsStream(ResourceLoader.java:69) at org.newdawn.slick.opengl.InternalTextureLoader.getTexture(InternalTextureLoader.java:169) at org.newdawn.slick.Image.<init>(Image.java:196) at org.newdawn.slick.Image.<init>(Image.java:170) at org.newdawn.slick.Image.<init>(Image.java:158) at org.newdawn.slick.Image.<init>(Image.java:136) at javagame.Menu.init(Menu.java:31) at javagame.Game.initStatesList(Game.java:21) at org.newdawn.slick.state.StateBasedGame.init(StateBasedGame.java:164) at org.newdawn.slick.AppGameContainer.setup(AppGameContainer.java:390) at org.newdawn.slick.AppGameContainer.start(AppGameContainer.java:314) at javagame.Game.main(Game.java:32) I'm using a terminal in my mac. How do I fix the error Resource Not Found? I'm using slick2d!

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  • Inverted textures

    - by brainydexter
    I'm trying to draw textures aligned with this physics body whose coordinate system's origin is at the center of the screen. (XNA)Spritebatch has its default origin set to top-left corner. I got the textures to be positioned correctly, but I noticed my textures are vertically inverted. That is, an arrow texture pointing Up , when rendered points down. I'm not sure where I am going wrong with the math. My approach is to convert everything in physic's meter units and draw accordingly. Matrix proj = Matrix.CreateOrthographic(scale * graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.AspectRatio, scale, 0, 1); Matrix view = Matrix.Identity; effect.World = Matrix.Identity; effect.View = view; effect.Projection = proj; effect.TextureEnabled = true; effect.VertexColorEnabled = true; effect.Techniques[0].Passes[0].Apply(); SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.BackToFront, BlendState.AlphaBlend, null, DepthStencilState.Default, RasterizerState.CullNone, effect); m_Paddles[1].Draw(gameTime); SpriteBatch.End(); where Paddle::Draw looks like: SpriteBatch.Draw(paddleTexture, mBody.Position, null, Color.White, 0f, new Vector2(16f, 16f), // origin of the texture 0.1875f, SpriteEffects.None, // width of box is 3*2 = 6 meters. texture is 32 pixels wide. to make it 6 meters wide in world space: 6/32 = 0.1875f 0); The orthographic projection matrix seem fine to me, but I am obviously doing something wrong somewhere! Can someone please help me figure out what am i doing wrong here ? Thanks

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  • How to build a turn-based multiplayer "real time" server

    - by jmosesman
    I want to build a TCG for mobile devices that is multiplayer over the web (not local wifi or bluetooth). As a player plays cards I want the second player to see what is being played in "real time" (within a few seconds). Only one player can play at a time. Server requirements: 1) Continuously listens for input from Player 1 2) As it receives input from Player 1, sends the message to Player 2 I know some PHP, but it seems like unless I had a loop that continued until I broke it (seems like a bad idea) the script would just receive one input and quit. On the mobile side I know I can open sockets using various frameworks, but what language allows a "stream-like" behavior that continuously listens/sends messages on the server? Or if I'm missing something, what would be the best practice here?

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  • How can I create a fast, real-time, fixed length glowing ray?

    - by igf
    Similar to the disintegrate skill in Diablo 3. It should not light other objects in scene. Just glowing and animated. Like in this video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D_c4x6aQAG8. Should I use pack of pre-computed glow sources textures for each frame of ray animation like in this article http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems/gpugems_ch21.html and put it in bloom shader? Is there any other efficient ways to achive this effect? I'm using OpenGL ES 2.0.

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  • openGL migration from SFML to glut, vertices arrays or display lists are not displayed

    - by user3714670
    Due to using quad buffered stereo 3D (which i have not included yet), i need to migrate my openGL program from a SFML window to a glut window. With SFML my vertices and display list were properly displayed, now with glut my window is blank white (or another color depending on the way i clear it). Here is the code to initialise the window : int type; int stereoMode = 0; if ( stereoMode == 0 ) type = GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH; else type = GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_STEREO; glutInitDisplayMode(type); int argc = 0; char *argv = ""; glewExperimental = GL_TRUE; glutInit(&argc, &argv); bool fullscreen = false; glutInitWindowSize(width,height); int win = glutCreateWindow(title.c_str()); glutSetWindow(win); assert(win != 0); if ( fullscreen ) { glutFullScreen(); width = glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_WIDTH); height = glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_HEIGHT); } GLenum err = glewInit(); if (GLEW_OK != err) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", glewGetErrorString(err)); } glutDisplayFunc(loop_function); This is the only code i had to change for now, but here is the code i used with sfml and displayed my objects in the loop, if i change the value of glClearColor, the window's background does change color : glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glClearColor(255.0f, 255.0f, 255.0f, 0.0f); glLoadIdentity(); sf::Time elapsed_time = clock.getElapsedTime(); clock.restart(); camera->animate(elapsed_time.asMilliseconds()); camera->look(); for (auto i = objects->cbegin(); i != objects->cend(); ++i) (*i)->draw(camera); glutSwapBuffers(); Is there any other changes i should have done switching to glut ? that would be great if someone could enlighten me on the subject. In addition to that, i found out that adding too many objects (that were well handled before with SFML), openGL gives error 1285: out of memory. Maybe this is related. EDIT : Here is the code i use to draw each object, maybe it is the problem : GLuint LightID = glGetUniformLocation(this->shaderProgram, "LightPosition_worldspace"); if(LightID ==-1) cout << "LightID not found ..." << endl; GLuint MaterialAmbientID = glGetUniformLocation(this->shaderProgram, "MaterialAmbient"); if(LightID ==-1) cout << "LightID not found ..." << endl; GLuint MaterialSpecularID = glGetUniformLocation(this->shaderProgram, "MaterialSpecular"); if(LightID ==-1) cout << "LightID not found ..." << endl; glm::vec3 lightPos = glm::vec3(0,150,150); glUniform3f(LightID, lightPos.x, lightPos.y, lightPos.z); glUniform3f(MaterialAmbientID, MaterialAmbient.x, MaterialAmbient.y, MaterialAmbient.z); glUniform3f(MaterialSpecularID, MaterialSpecular.x, MaterialSpecular.y, MaterialSpecular.z); // Get a handle for our "myTextureSampler" uniform GLuint TextureID = glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "myTextureSampler"); if(!TextureID) cout << "TextureID not found ..." << endl; glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); sf::Texture::bind(texture); glUniform1i(TextureID, 0); // 2nd attribute buffer : UVs GLuint vertexUVID = glGetAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "color"); if(vertexUVID==-1) cout << "vertexUVID not found ..." << endl; glEnableVertexAttribArray(vertexUVID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, color_array_buffer); glVertexAttribPointer(vertexUVID, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); GLuint vertexNormal_modelspaceID = glGetAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "normal"); if(!vertexNormal_modelspaceID) cout << "vertexNormal_modelspaceID not found ..." << endl; glEnableVertexAttribArray(vertexNormal_modelspaceID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, normal_array_buffer); glVertexAttribPointer(vertexNormal_modelspaceID, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0 ); GLint posAttrib; posAttrib = glGetAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "position"); if(!posAttrib) cout << "posAttrib not found ..." << endl; glEnableVertexAttribArray(posAttrib); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, position_array_buffer); glVertexAttribPointer(posAttrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, elements_array_buffer); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, indices.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0); GLuint error; while ((error = glGetError()) != GL_NO_ERROR) { cerr << "OpenGL error: " << error << endl; } disableShaders();

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  • How do you create a .XNB Font file for use with CocosSharp?

    - by Chris Pietschmann
    I know the .XNB file format is an XNA thing and that CocosSharp inherits this from its MonoGame roots. However there doesn't seem to be any information on how to create your own .XNB fonts to use with CocosSharp. I've tried searching but can find any information. Could someone explain it here or point me to a tutorial on how to create .XNB font file for use with CocosSharp? A site to download already compiled .XNB Fonts would also be acceptable. Update: Another thing that makes this tricky is that I guess XNA Game Studio could be used, but it's not compatible with Windows 8.1; which is what I currently use for my dev machine...

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  • How can I store spell & items using a std::vector implementation?

    - by Vladimir Marenus
    I'm following along with a book from GameInstitute right now, and it's asking me to: Allow the player to buy and carry healing potions and potions of fireball. You can add an Item array (after you define the item class) to the Player class for storing them, or use a std::vector to store them. I think I would like to use the std::vector implementation, because that seems to confuse me less than making an item class, but I am unsure how to do so. I've heard from many people that vectors are great ways to store dynamic values (such as items, weapons, etc), but I've not seen it used.

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  • how many times can i buy swtor credits with Extra 100% Bonus in Father’s Day at swtor2credits?

    - by user46860
    When you buy swtor credits, the most important factor must be the price of swtor credits! how can you get the cheap swtor credits? Big surprise for you: For such a special festival - Father’s Day, swtor2credits made a super promotion for all of the swtor players, in the only three days promotion time, you can buy 1600 credits with only $5.04, buy 2000 credits with only $6.30, and 3000k Credits just only need $9.44. The detail time is June 16 to June 18, 2014, 02:00-03:00 a.m. GMT! swtor2credits have been selling at a big loss with so much cheap swtor credits, this is mean 50% off for your order! that is really a crazy super promotion! So may you can not use the 8% disount code and getting double swtor credits at the same time! Everyone has only one chance to get double swtor credits at swtor2credits during our promotion.As long as your order has used extra discount code or voucher, you lose the chance to get exclusive 100% bonus. don't miss the time to buy such cheap swtor credits, like swtor2credits facebook give you more surprise, From May 29, 2014 to June 12.2014.GMT, you can gain Free Cash Coupon, Up to $16 Giveaways for Swtor Credits if you like swtor2credits facebook! http://www.swtor2credits.com/

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  • Refactoring an immediate drawing function into VBO, access violation error

    - by Alex
    I have a MD2 model loader, I am trying to substitute its immediate drawing function with a Vertex Buffer Object one.... I am getting a really annoying access violation reading error and I can't figure out why, but mostly I'd like an opinion as to whether this looks correct (never used VBOs before). This is the original function (that compiles ok) which calculates the keyframe and draws at the same time: glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); for(int i = 0; i < numTriangles; i++) { MD2Triangle* triangle = triangles + i; for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { MD2Vertex* v1 = frame1->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; MD2Vertex* v2 = frame2->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; Vec3f normal = v1->normal * (1 - frac) + v2->normal * frac; if (normal[0] == 0 && normal[1] == 0 && normal[2] == 0) { normal = Vec3f(0, 0, 1); } glNormal3f(normal[0], normal[1], normal[2]); MD2TexCoord* texCoord = texCoords + triangle->texCoords[j]; glTexCoord2f(texCoord->texCoordX, texCoord->texCoordY); glVertex3f(pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]); } } glEnd(); What I'd like to do is to calculate all positions before hand, store them in a Vertex array and then draw them. This is what I am trying to replace it with (in the exact same part of the program) int vCount = 0; for(int i = 0; i < numTriangles; i++) { MD2Triangle* triangle = triangles + i; for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { MD2Vertex* v1 = frame1->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; MD2Vertex* v2 = frame2->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; Vec3f normal = v1->normal * (1 - frac) + v2->normal * frac; if (normal[0] == 0 && normal[1] == 0 && normal[2] == 0) { normal = Vec3f(0, 0, 1); } indices[vCount] = normal[0]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = normal[1]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = normal[2]; vCount++; MD2TexCoord* texCoord = texCoords + triangle->texCoords[j]; indices[vCount] = texCoord->texCoordX; vCount++; indices[vCount] = texCoord->texCoordY; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[0]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[1]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[2]; vCount++; } } totalVertices = vCount; glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT, 0, indices); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float)*3, indices); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float)*5, indices); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, totalVertices, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices); glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); // disable vertex arrays glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); First of all, does it look right? Second, I get access violation error "Unhandled exception at 0x01455626 in Graphics_template_1.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xed5243c0" pointing at line 7 Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; where the two Vs seems to have no value in the debugger.... Till this point the function behaves in exactly the same way as the one above, I don't understand why this happens? Thanks for any help you may be able to provide!

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  • Freshen the RTS genre

    - by William Michael Thorley
    This isn't really a question, but a request for feedback. RPS (Rock, Paper, Scissors) RTS (Real Time Strategy) Demo version is out: The game is simple. It is an RTS. Why has it been made? Many if not most RTS’s are about economy and large numbers of unit types. The genre hasn’t actually developed the gameplay drastically from the very first RTS’s produced, some lesson have been learned, but the games are really very similar to how they have always been. RPS brings new gameplay to the RTS genre. Through three means: • New combat mechanics: RPS has two unique modes (as well as the old favourite) of resolving weapon fire. These change how combat happens, and make application of the correct units vital to success. From this comes the requirement to run Intel on your enemies. • Fixed Resource Economy: Each player has a fixed amount of energy, This means that there is a definite end to the game. You can attrition your enemy and try to outlast them, or try to outspend your opponent and destroy them. There is a limit to how fast ships can be built, through the generation of construction blocks, but energy is the fast limit on economy. • Game Modes: Game modes add victory conditions and new game pieces. The game is overseen by a controller which literally runs the game. Games are no longer line them up, gun them down. This means that new tactics must be played making skirmish games fresh with novel tactics without adding huge amounts of new game units to learn. I’ve produced RPS from the ground. I will be running a kickstarter in the near future, but right now I want feedback and input from the game developing community. Regarding the concepts, where RPS is going, the game modes, the combat mechanics. How it plays. RPS will give fresh gameplay to the genre so it must be right. It works over the internet or a LAN and supports single player games. Get it. Play it. Tell me about your games. Thank you Demo: https://dl.dropbox.com/u/51850113/RPS%20Playtest.zip Tutorials: https://dl.dropbox.com/u/51850113/RPSGamePlay.zip

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  • Design pattern for procedural terrain assets

    - by Alex
    I'm developing a procedural terrain class at the moment and am stuck on the correct design pattern. The terrain is 2D and is constructed from a series of (x,y) points. I currently have a method that just randomly adds points to an array of points to generate a random spread of points. However I need a more elaborate system for generating the terrain. The terrain will be built form a series of re-accuring terrain structures eg. a pit, jump, hill etc. Each structure will have some randomness assigned to it, each height of hill will be random, pit size will be random etc. Each terrain structure will have: A property detailing the number of points making up that structure A method for generating the points (not absolutely necessary) My current thinking is to have a class for each terrain structure, create a fixed amount of terrain elements ahead of the player, loop over these and add the corresponding points to the game. What is the best way to create these procedural terrain structures when they are ultimately just a set of functions for generating terrain elements? Is a class for each terrain element excessive? I'm developing the game for iphone so any objective-c related answers would be welcome.

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