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• Does anybody know of any resources to achieve this particular "2.5D" isometric engine effect?

  - by Craig Whitley

  I understand this is a little vague, but I was hoping somebody might be able to describe a high-level workflow or link to a resource to be able to achieve a specific isometric "2.5D" tile engine effect. I fell in love with http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Q6ISVaM5Ww this engine. Especially with the lighting and the shaders! He has a brief description of how he achieved what he did, but I could really use a brief flow of where you would start, what you would read up on and learn and the logical order to implement these things. A few specific questions: 1) Is there a heightmap on the ground texture that lets the light reflect brighter on certain parts of it? 2) "..using a special material which calculates the world-space normal vectors of every pixel.." - is this some "magic" special material he has created himself, or can you hazard a guess at what he means? 3) with relation to the above quote - what does he mean by 'world-space normal vectors of every pixel'? 4) I'm guessing I'm being a little bit optimistic when I ask if there's any 'all-in-one' tutorial out there? :)

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• Boolean checks with a single quadtree, or multiple quadtrees?

  - by Djentleman

  I'm currently developing a 2D sidescrolling shooter game for PC (think metroidvania but with a lot more happening at once). Using XNA. I'm utilising quadtrees for my spatial partitioning system. All objects will be encompassed by standard bounding geometry (box or sphere) with possible pixel-perfect collision detection implemented after geometry collision (depends on how optimised I can get it). These are my collision scenarios, with < representing object overlap (multiplayer co-op is the reason for the player<player scenario): Collision scenarios (true = collision occurs): Player <> Player = false Enemy <> Enemy = false Player <> Enemy = true PlayerBullet <> Enemy = true PlayerBullet <> Player = false PlayerBullet <> EnemyBullet = true PlayerBullet <> PlayerBullet = false EnemyBullet <> Player = true EnemyBullet <> Enemy = false EnemyBullet <> EnemyBullet = false Player <> Environment = true Enemy <> Environment = true PlayerBullet <> Environment = true EnemyBullet <> Environment = true Going off this information and the fact that were will likely be several hundred objects rendering on-screen at any given time, my question is as follows: Which method is likely to be the most efficient/optimised and why: Using a single quadtree with boolean checks for collision between the different types of objects. Using three quadtrees at once (player, enemy, environment), only testing the player and enemy trees against each other while testing both the player and enemy trees against the environment tree.

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• Making a mobile app from a board game. Copyright infringement?

  - by Claudio Coelho

  Me and a friend got hooked on a board game and soon realized that we didn't need the board game to play, instead we could play it with pen and paper with extreme ease and satisfaction. The next step was to develop a simple android app to play it. We have been using this to play and it's fun, and we are interested in publishing it, but we are worried eventual copyright issues. The concept of the game - itself very simple, merely a type of trivia game, where each round has different rules - is the same, the name is different as is all the art. Does anybody know if we infringe copyrights if we were to publish it? Thanks

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• Adjust sprite bounds of the visible part of texture

  - by Crazy D0G

  Is there any way to adjust the boundaries of the visible part of the sprite? To make it easier to understand: I have a texture, such as shown at figure 1. Then I break it into pieces and fill the resulting fragments using PRKit (wood texture on figure 2 and 3). But the resulting fragments have the transparent (green color on figure 2 and 3) and when creating a sprite from the fragments they have the size of the initial texture. Is there a way to get rid of this transparency and to adjust the size of the visible part (wood texture), openGL or cocos2d-x means? Maybe it help - draw() method from PRKit: void PRFilledPolygon::draw() { //CCNode::draw(); glDisableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY); // we have a pointer to vertex points so enable client state glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture->getName()); glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glVertexPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, areaTrianglePoints); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, textureCoordinates); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, areaTrianglePointCount); glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE); //Restore texture matrix and switch back to modelview matrix glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);}

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• Manually updating HTML5 local storage?

  - by hustlerinc

  I'm just starting out HTML5 game developement (and game dev in general) and watching all the videos and tutorials available something has crossed my mind. Everyone keep saying I should set the cookie's (or cached files) to be expired after a certain amount of time. So that when it reaches that time the browser automatically downloads all assets again, even if it's the same asset's. Wouldn't it be possible to manually define the version of the game? For example the user has downloaded all the files for 1.01 of the game, when updating I change a simple variable to 1.02. When the user logs in it would compare his version to the current and if they are not equal only then it downloads the files? This could even be improved to download only specific files depending on what needs to be updated? Would this be possible or am I just dreaming? What are the possible downsides of this approach?

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• Writing a Master's Thesis on evaluating visual scripting systems

  - by user1107412

  I am thinking to write my Master's thesis around theorizing, and then implementing a PlayMaker or Kismet-like (building game logic by visually arranging FSMs) tool in Unity. The only thing I am still concerned about is the actual research question that I should pose. I was kinda hoping that the more experienced game designers out there might know. Update: What about reducing the use of visual programming to graphically designing FSM-Action-Transition flows, which can then be attached to game entities (very much like http://playmaker.com does it)?

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• With Slick, how to change the resolution during gameplay?

  - by TheLima

  I am developing a tile-based strategy game using Java and the Slick API. So far so good, but I've come to a standstill on my options menu. I have plans for the user to be able to change the resolution during gameplay (it is pretty common, after all). I can already change to fullscreen and back to windowed, this was pretty simple... //"fullScreenOption" is a checkbox-like button. if (fullScreenOption.isMouseOver(mouseX, mouseY)) { if (input.isMouseButtonDown(Input.MOUSE_LEFT_BUTTON)) { fullScreenOption.state = !fullScreenOption.state; container.setFullscreen(fullScreenOption.state); } } But the container class (Implemented by Slick, not me), contrary to my previous beliefs, does not seem to have any resolution-change functions! And that's pretty much the situation...I know it's possible, but i don't know how to do it, nor what is the class responsible! The AppGameContainer class, used on the very start of the game's initialization, is the only place with any functions for changing the display-mode that I've found so far, but it's only used at the very start, and i haven't found a way to travel back to it from my options menu. //This is my implementation of it... public static void main(String[] args) throws SlickException { AppGameContainer app = new AppGameContainer(new Main()); // app.setTargetFrameRate(60); app.setVSync(true); app.setDisplayMode(800, 600, false); app.start(); } I can define it as a static global on the Main, but it's probably a (very) bad way to do it...

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• How do I create a bounding frustrum from a view & projection matrix?

  - by Narf the Mouse

  Given a left-handed Projection matrix, a left-handed View matrix, a ViewProj matrix of View * Projection - How do I create a bounding Frustum comprised of near, far, left, right and top, bottom planes? The only example I could find on Google (Tutorial 16: Frustum Culling) seems to not work; for example, if the math is used as given, the near-plane's distance is a negative. This places the near-plane behind the camera...

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• XNA ModelMesh.Draw vs GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives

  - by cubrman

  I am using XNA 4.0 and I wonder if drawing models with multiple meshes is better by filling the vertex and index buffers first and calling GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives() or by simply using good ol' foreach(...) {ModelMesh.Draw()}. Is it possible to add data to vertex/index buffers at all in order to pack all the models on the scene in them and then call Draw only once per frame? I would appreciate a link to an in-depth explanation. Thanks.

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• write to depth buffer while using multiple render targets

  - by DocSeuss

  Presently my engine is set up to use deferred shading. My pixel shader output struct is as follows: struct GBuffer { float4 Depth : DEPTH0; //depth render target float4 Normal : COLOR0; //normal render target float4 Diffuse : COLOR1; //diffuse render target float4 Specular : COLOR2; //specular render target }; This works fine for flat surfaces, but I'm trying to implement relief mapping which requires me to manually write to the depth buffer to get correct silhouettes. MSDN suggests doing what I'm already doing to output to my depth render target - however, this has no impact on z culling. I think it might be because XNA uses a different depth buffer for every RenderTarget2D. How can I address these depth buffers from the pixel shader?

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• How can a load and play an .x model using vertex animation in XNA?

  - by Christian

  From a game I developed years ago, I still have character models that my former 3D engine designer created and that I'd like to reuse in a Windows Phone project now. However, the files are in DirectX format (.x) containing keyframe animation only. No bones. No skeleton. There are a lot of animation keys defined on several frames to animate the characters. I don't quite understand how that works, to be frankly. However, I did a lot of research regarding a possible way of getting the characters animated via XNA on Windows Phone and all I found are hints that it is generally possible but not supported. Possibly by implementing own Content Importers and Processors. I didn't find anyone who successfully did something like that yet. How should I go about loading and displaying these models in XNA?

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• Well-tested libraries for player ratings?

  - by Lucky

  It's common in games to implement some sort of numerical ranking system -- the ELO system is usually used in chess. I could implement this system naively using Wikipedia's descriptions, but I suspect that this would open up a whole box of problems that have already been solved: rating inflation, etc -- for instance, the ELO system has a K constant that's 'fudged' according to rating, duration, pairings, statistics, ... What are some libraries (I'm looking at Python, but anything is okay) that implements rating systems? It also doesn't have to be ELO.

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• Switching songs - MediaPlayer lags the game

  - by Fibericon

  When the player encounters a boss in the game I'm working on, I want to have the music change. It seems simple enough with the MediaPlayer class to fade out the current song, switch to another, and then fade the new song in. However, at the point where the second song starts, the game freezes for a split second. The songs in question aren't particularly large either - the first song is 1.7mb and the second song is 3.1mb, both mp3 format. This is the code I'm using to do it: protected void switchSong(GameTime gameTime) { if (!bossSongPlaying) { MediaPlayer.Volume -= ((float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds/10); if (MediaPlayer.Volume < 0.05f) { MediaPlayer.Play(bossSong); MediaPlayer.Volume = 1.0f; bossSongPlaying = true; } } } What can I do to eliminate that momentary hang?

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• Entity system in Lua, communication with C++ and level editor. Need advice.

  - by Notbad

  Hi!, I know this is a really difficult subject. I have been reading a lot this days about Entity systems, etc... And now I'm ready to ask some questions (if you don't mind answering them) because I'm really messed. First of all, I have a 2D basic editor written in Qt, and I'm in the process of adding entitiy edition. I want the editor to be able to receive RTTI information from entities to change properties, create some logic being able to link published events to published actions (Ex:A level activate event throws a door open action), etc... Because all of this I guess my entity system should be written in scripting, in my case Lua. In the other hand I want to use a component based design for my entities, and here starts my questions: 1) Should I define my componentes en C++? If I do this en C++ won't I loose all the RTTI information I want for my editor?. In the other hand, I use box2d for physics, if I define all my components in script won't it be a lot of work to expose third party libs to lua? 2) Where should I place the messa system for my game engine? Lua? C++?. I'm tempted to just have C++ object to behave as servers, offering services to lua business logic. Things like physics system, rendering system, input system, World class, etc... And for all the other things, lua. Creation/Composition of entities based on components, game logic, etc... Could anyone give any insight on how to accomplish this? And what aproach is better?. Thanks in advance, HexDump.

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• Batching dynamic sprites in OpenGL

  - by Aaron

  I'm trying to wrap my head around how batching is done in a 2D sprite-based game. My understanding is I'd get the vertices that represent each sprite I want to draw and stuff them all into a single mesh. That way I'd only need a single draw call to render everything. Does this apply when the sprites I render are different between frames, or when some sprites are moving? Because it sounds like I'd then have to recreate my batch mesh each frame, using either glDrawArrays/glDrawElements or a streaming VBO I assume. Does this sound correct?

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• How can I make permanent death in a MUD seem acceptable and fair to players?

  - by Luke Laupheimer

  I have considered writing a MUD for years, and I have a lot of ideas my friends think are really cool (and that's how I'd hope to get anywhere -- word of mouth). Thing is, there's one thing I have always wanted, that my friends and strangers hated: permanent death. Now, the emotional response I get to this is visceral revulsion, every time. I'm pretty sure I am the only person that wants this, or if I'm not, I'm a tiny minority. Now, the reason I want it is because I want the actions of the players to matter. Unlike a lot of other MUDs, which have a set of static city-states and social institutions etc, I want the things my players do, should I get any, to actually change the situation. And that includes killing people. If you kill someone, you didn't send them to time out, you killed them. What happens when you kill people? They go away. They don't come back in half an hour to smack talk you some more. They're gone. Forever. By making death non-permanent, you make death not matter. It would be similar if a climax to a character's arc is getting a speeding ticket. It cheapens it. Non-permanent death cheapens death. How can I: 1) Convince my players (and random people!) that this is actually a good idea?, or 2) Find some other way to make death and violence matter as much as it does in real life (except within the game, of course) sans character deletion? What alternatives are there out there?

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• Game testing on Android - emulator or real devices?

  - by n00bfuscator

  I am working at a localization agency and we have been approached by a client about testing their games on iOS as well as Android. Testing on iOS seems fairly easy as we can just buy a couple of devices and we should be covered. For Android it seems to be completely different. From what i found, the emulator can cover all API levels, screen sizes and such, but i hear it's buggy and nothing could replace testing on real devices. With the vast amount of Android devices out there and the rate at which new devices are released it seems impossible to keep up. How can i test games (localization and functional) on Android covering all compatible devices?

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• Point Light Soft Shadows

  - by notabene

  How to implement soft shadows for omni directional (point) light. We use typical shadow mapping technique. Depth is rendered to texture cube and addresing is pretty simple then. Just using vector from light to fragments world position. It works perfectly. Until you want soft shadows. In our engine we use PCSS technique for spot lights. But for point light there begins troubles. How to sample in 3D? I developed technique when orthonormal basis is created from a direction and upvector (0,1,0). And then multiply sampling vector (something like this (1.0,i/depthMapSize,j/depthMapSize) with this basis. But this (of course :)) looks pretty bad for vectors near (0,1,0) and (0,-1,0). I will appreciate any help on this.

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• Implementing invisible bones

  - by DeadMG

  I suddenly have the feeling that I have absolutely no idea how to implement invisible objects/bones. Right now, I use hardware instancing to store the world matrix of every bone in a vertex buffer, and then send them all to the pipeline. But when dealing with frustrum culling, or having them set to invisible by my simulation for other reasons, means that some of them will be randomly invisible. Does this mean I effectively need to re-fill the buffer from scratch every frame with only the visible unit's matrices? This seems to me like it would involve a lot of wasted bandwidth.

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• Design leaderboard ratings for quiz games

  - by PeterK

  Back in March 2011 i started the following post: How to design a leaderboard? Now my quiz game have been out for approximately a year and sold pretty decently. I am working on to update the game design and is again looking into the leaderboard design to make it better as i am not happy with it. Currently i rate players on number of correct answers, which is not good as it does not consider things like number of games, difficulty levels etc. I also have "extended" stats behind the UITableView (Leaderboard). A player can play based on three levels of difficulty: hard, medium or easy Difficulty levels can be mixed between players in a game Each game can be one to six players, so there can be single games or duels Between 2 and 30 questions per game As i am considering integrating Game Center Leaderboard i need to design a better rating system so i would like to ask for some ideas how to do the rating based on the above. I am thinking about how much a point would be worth and what it includes.

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• DX10 sprite and pixel shader

  - by Alex Farber

  I am using ID3DX10Sprite to draw 2D image on the screen. 3D scene contains only one textured sprite placed over the whole window area. Render method looks like this: m_pDevice-ClearRenderTargetView(...); m_pSprite-Begin(D3DX10_SPRITE_SORT_TEXTURE); m_pSprite-DrawSpritesImmediate(&m_SpriteDefinition, 1, 0, 0); m_pSprite-End(); Now I want to make some transformations with the sprite texture in a shader. Currently the program doesn't work with shader. How it is possible to add pixel shader to the program with this structure? Inside the shader, I need to set all colors equal to red, and multiply pixel values by some coefficient. Something like this: float4 TexturePixelShader(PixelInputType input) : SV_Target { float4 textureColor; textureColor = shaderTexture.Sample(SampleType, input.tex); textureColor.x = textureColor.x * coefficient; textureColor.y = textureColor.x; textureColor.z = textureColor.x; return textureColor; }

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• Understanding Unity3d physics: where is the force applied?

  - by Heisenbug

  I'm trying to understand which is the right way to apply forces to a RigidBody. I noticed that there are AddForce and AddRelativeForce methods, one applied in world space coordinate system meanwhile the other in the local space. The thing that I do not understand is the following: usually in physics library (es. Bullet) we can specify the force vector and also the force application point. How can I do this in Unity? Is it possible to apply a force vector in a specific point relative to the given RigidBody coordinate system? Where does AddForce apply the force?

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• Lag compensation of projectile shooting game

  - by Denis Ermolin

  I'm thinking about an algorithm for firing projectiles with lag compensation. Now I did find only one descent solution: Player hits fire button. Client sends input "fire". Client waits for server response. Server generates bullet then sends response to client. Client recieves response and finally fires projectile. Is this solution only "trueway"? I find it the only one that can be fair to all of the clients. Valve in this case, doesn't compensate lag from rocket shots. I am feeling that I will not compensate it, too. I think that with today's bandwidth I can close my eyes on this problem, because I don't see any solutions with fair logic. What do you think?

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• Can't detect collision properly using Rectangle.Intersects()

  - by Daniel Ribeiro

  I'm using a single sprite sheet image as the main texture for my breakout game. The image is this: My code is a little confusing, since I'm creating two elements from the same Texture using a Point, to represent the element size and its position on the sheet, a Vector, to represent its position on the viewport and a Rectangle that represents the element itself. Texture2D sheet; Point paddleSize = new Point(112, 24); Point paddleSheetPosition = new Point(0, 240); Vector2 paddleViewportPosition; Rectangle paddleRectangle; Point ballSize = new Point(24, 24); Point ballSheetPosition = new Point(160, 240); Vector2 ballViewportPosition; Rectangle ballRectangle; Vector2 ballVelocity; My initialization is a little confusing as well, but it works as expected: paddleViewportPosition = new Vector2((GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Width - paddleSize.X) / 2, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Height - (paddleSize.Y * 2)); paddleRectangle = new Rectangle(paddleSheetPosition.X, paddleSheetPosition.Y, paddleSize.X, paddleSize.Y); Random random = new Random(); ballViewportPosition = new Vector2(random.Next(GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Width), random.Next(GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Top, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Height / 2)); ballRectangle = new Rectangle(ballSheetPosition.X, ballSheetPosition.Y, ballSize.X, ballSize.Y); ballVelocity = new Vector2(3f, 3f); The problem is I can't detect the collision properly, using this code: if(ballRectangle.Intersects(paddleRectangle)) { ballVelocity.Y = -ballVelocity.Y; } What am I doing wrong?

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• How can I support the creation and rendering of both interior and exterior environments?

  - by Nick

  Say I already have a renderer that can support outdoor terrain and environment rendering. How would I go about adding support for interior environments (for example, like World of Warcraft's dungeons) to my game? I'm interested both in how I should fit the interiors into my content creation process (for example, I thought about leaving holes in the terrain mesh into which I can "paste" the interior dungeon mesh at runtime) and how to render them (it seems like I'd want a different rendering flow other than a blended texture rendering phase that terrain uses).

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