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  • XNA 4.0 SpriteFont not displaying all Characters

    - by Iain Brown
    Am looking for a little help and trying to use SpriteFont in my XNA 4.0 game but the problem is am displaying to string "This is a test" but all that's displayed on the screen is "This is st" so the "a te" are missing from the screen. The space is there for the characters but the letters are not. The code am using is: spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.BackToFront, BlendState.AlphaBlend); spriteBatch.DrawString(font,"this is a test",new Vector2(692,372),Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(texture,new Rectangle(0,0,100,100),Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); Any help with this would be great!

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  • How exactly does XNA's SpriteBatch work?

    - by David Gouveia
    To be more precise, if I needed to recreate this functionality from scratch in another API (e.g. in OpenGL) what would it need to be capable of doing? I do have a general idea of some of the steps, such as how it prepares an orthographic projection matrix and creates a quad for each draw call. I'm not too familiar, however, with the batching process itself. Are all quads stored in the same vertex buffer? Does it need an index buffer? How are different textures handled? If possible I'd be grateful if you could guide me through the process from when SpriteBatch.Begin() is called until SpriteBatch.End(), at least when using the default Deferred mode.

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  • Can I remove the systems from a component entity system?

    - by nathan
    After reading a lot about entity/component based engines. I feel like there is no real definition for this kind of engine. Reading this thread: Implementing features in an Entity System and the linked article made me think a lot. I did not feel that comfortable using System concept so I'll write something else, inspired by this pattern. I'd like to know if you think it's a good way to organize game code and what improvements can be made. Regarding a more strict implementation of entity/component based engine, is my solution viable? Do I risk getting stuck at any point due to the lack of flexibility of this implementation (or anything else)? My engine, as for entity/component patterns has entities and components, no systems since the game logic is handled by components. Also, I think the main difference is the fact that my engine will use inherence and OOP concepts in general, I mean, I don't try to minimize them. Entity: an entity is an abstract class. It holds his position, width and height, scale and a list of linked components. The current implementation can be found here (java). Every frame, the entity will be updated (i.e all the components linked to this entity will be updated), and rendered, if a render component is specified. Component: like for entity, a component is an abstract class that must be extended to create new components. The behavior of an entity is created through his components collection. The component implementation can be found here. Components are updated when the owning entity is updated or for only one specific component (render component), rendered. Here is an example of a logic component (i.e not a renderable component, a component that's updated each frame) in charge of listening for keyboard events and a render component in charge of display a plain sprite (i.e not animated).

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  • Precise Touch Screen Dragging Issue: Trouble Aligning with the Finger due to Different Screen Resolution

    - by David Dimalanta
    Please, I need your help. I'm trying to make a game that will drag-n-drop a sprite/image while my finger follows precisely with the image without being offset. When I'm trying on a 900x1280 (in X [900] and Y [1280]) screen resolution of the Google Nexus 7 tablet, it follows precisely. However, if I try testing on a phone smaller than 900x1280, my finger and the image won't aligned properly and correctly except it still dragging. This is the code I used for making a sprite dragging with my finger under touchDragged(): x = ((screenX + Gdx.input.getX())/2) - (fruit.width/2); y = ((camera_2.viewportHeight * multiplier) - ((screenY + Gdx.input.getY())/2) - (fruit.width/2)); This code above will make the finger and the image/sprite stays together in place while dragging but only works on 900x1280. You'll be wondering there's camera_2.viewportHeight in my code. Here are for two reasons: to prevent inverted drag (e.g. when you swipe with your finger downwards, the sprite moves upward instead) and baseline for reading coordinate...I think. Now when I'm adding another orthographic camera named camera_1 and changing its setting, I recently used it for adjusting the falling object by meter per pixel. Also, it seems effective independently for smartphones that has smaller resolution and this is what I used here: show() camera_1 = new OrthographicCamera(); camera_1.viewportHeight = 280; // --> I set it to a smaller view port height so that the object would fall faster, decreasing the chance of drag force. camera_1.viewportWidth = 196; // --> Make it proportion to the original screen view size as possible. camera_1.position.set(camera_1.viewportWidth * 0.5f, camera_1.viewportHeight * 0.5f, 0f); camera_1.update(); touchDragged() x = ((screenX + (camera_1.viewportWidth/Gdx.input.getX()))/2) - (fruit.width/2); y = ((camera_1.viewportHeight * multiplier) - ((screenY + (camera_1.viewportHeight/Gdx.input.getY()))/2) - (fruit.width/2)); But the result instead of just following the image/sprite closely to my finger, it still has a space/gap between the sprite/image and the finger. It is possibly dependent on coordinates based on the screen resolution. I'm trying to drag the blueberry sprite with my finger. My expectation did not met since I want my finger and the sprite/image (blueberry) to stay close together while dragging until I release it. Here's what it looks like: I got to figure it out how to make independent on all screen sizes by just following the image/sprite closely to my finger while dragging even on most different screen sizes instead.

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  • (LWJGL) Pixel Unpack Buffer Object is Disabled? (glTextImage2D)

    - by OstlerDev
    I am trying to create a render target for my game so that I can re-render at a different screen size. But I am receiving the following error: Exception in thread "main" org.lwjgl.opengl.OpenGLException: Cannot use offsets when Pixel Unpack Buffer Object is disabled Here is the source code for my Render method: // clear screen GL11.glClear(GL11.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL11.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Start FBO Rendering Code // The framebuffer, which regroups 0, 1, or more textures, and 0 or 1 depth buffer. int FramebufferName = GL30.glGenFramebuffers(); GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, FramebufferName); // The texture we're going to render to int renderedTexture = glGenTextures(); // "Bind" the newly created texture : all future texture functions will modify this texture glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderedTexture); // Give an empty image to OpenGL ( the last "0" ) glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,GL_RGB, 1024, 768, 0,GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0); // Poor filtering. Needed ! glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); // Set "renderedTexture" as our colour attachement #0 GL32.glFramebufferTexture(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL30.GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, renderedTexture, 0); // Set the list of draw buffers. IntBuffer drawBuffer = BufferUtils.createIntBuffer(20 * 20); GL20.glDrawBuffers(drawBuffer); // Always check that our framebuffer is ok if(GL30.glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE){ System.out.println("Framebuffer was not created successfully! Exiting!"); return; } // Resets the current viewport GL11.glViewport(0, 0, scaleWidth*scale, scaleHeight*scale); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_MODELVIEW); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); // let subsystem paint if (callback != null) { callback.frameRendering(); } // update window contents Display.update(); It is crashing on this line: glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,GL_RGB, 1024, 768, 0,GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0); I am not really sure why it is crashing and looking around I have not been able to find out why. Any help or insight would be greatly welcome.

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  • How would I achieve diablo like 2D isometric projection?

    - by Darestium
    Good day, I am in the process of coming up with an idea for a game, and I would like it to be isometric like Diablo. The problem is I have no idea how it achieves the effect of height like in the following screenshot (on the columns): http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/20/Diabloscreen.jpg/350px-Diabloscreen.jpg but whatever the case, I'm sure it is going to be harder to achieve then creating a traditional isometric game, but any ideas regarding the topic would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Multiplayer game communication framework for mac/ios

    - by ishaq
    (Cross post from stackoverflow) I am creating a multiplayer 2D game for Mac and iOS devices. I'll be using cocso2d for graphics/game engine, however I am largely blank on what to use for multiplayer communication. Please note that I cannot use central severs e.g. SmartFox, RedDwarf, etc since I want the players to "host" games for others and be able to play it on their LAN, VPN or my own servers. Any pointers? I checked lidgren but it's for .NET only and hence not an option for me. EDIT: just in case it wasn't clear, the messaging has to be real time hence it's probably going to be over UDP

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  • Dynamic Terrain Texture

    - by lgrevenl
    I've been looking at a 2D physics game called 'Hill Climb Racing' (Android and iOS) and was wondering how they went about texturing the terrain? I've had a think about it and I've come up with nothing and finding a resource on the web has proved impossible. Please help. The game mentioned uses Cocos2d. Would it be just as doable in a different environment? EDIT: I was looking at another question: Drawing large 2D sidescroller level terrain The end result is what I'm looking for, but in my mind I was thinking that there would be some way to add this effect (using small textures) to some terrain specified by vertices rather than making a very large image to match whatever is seen in the level.

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  • Get coordinates of arraylist

    - by opiop65
    Here's my map class: public class map{ public static final int CLEAR = 0; public static final ArrayList<Integer> STONE = new ArrayList<Integer>(); public static final int GRASS = 2; public static final int DIRT = 3; public static final int WIDTH = 32; public static final int HEIGHT = 24; public static final int TILE_SIZE = 25; // static int[][] map = new int[WIDTH][HEIGHT]; ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> map = new ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>>(WIDTH * HEIGHT); enum tiles { air, grass, stone, dirt } Image air, grass, stone, dirt; Random rand = new Random(); public Map() { /* default map */ /*for(int y = 0; y < WIDTH; y++){ map[y][y] = (rand.nextInt(2)); System.out.println(map[y][y]); }*/ /*for (int y = 18; y < HEIGHT; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) { map[x][y] = STONE; } } for (int y = 18; y < 19; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) { map[x][y] = GRASS; } } for (int y = 19; y < 20; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) { map[x][y] = DIRT; } }*/ for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) { for(int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++){ map.set(x * WIDTH + y, STONE); } } try { init(null, null); } catch (SlickException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } render(null, null, null); } public void init(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame sbg) throws SlickException { air = new Image("res/air.png"); grass = new Image("res/grass.png"); stone = new Image("res/stone.png"); dirt = new Image("res/dirt.png"); } public void render(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame sbg, Graphics g) { for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) { switch (map.get(x * WIDTH + y)) { case CLEAR: air.draw(x * TILE_SIZE, y * TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE); break; case STONE: stone.draw(x * TILE_SIZE, y * TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE); break; case GRASS: grass.draw(x * TILE_SIZE, y * TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE); break; case DIRT: dirt.draw(x * TILE_SIZE, y * TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE); break; } } } } public static boolean blocked(float x, float y) { return map[(int) x][(int) y] == STONE; } public static Rectangle blockBounds(int x, int y) { return (new Rectangle(x, y, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE)); } } Specifically I am looking at this: for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) { switch (map.get(x * WIDTH + y).intValue()) { case CLEAR: air.draw(x * TILE_SIZE, y * TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE); break; case STONE: stone.draw(x * TILE_SIZE, y * TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE); break; case GRASS: grass.draw(x * TILE_SIZE, y * TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE); break; case DIRT: dirt.draw(x * TILE_SIZE, y * TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE); break; } } } How can I access the coordinates of my arraylist map and then draw the tiles to the screen? Thanks!

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  • How to Align Gun with Bullets

    - by Shane
    I have a top-down 2D shooter. I have an image of a player holding a gun, that rotates to face the mouse. Please note that the gun isn't a separate image tethered to the player, but rather part of the player. Right now, bullets are created at the player's x and y. This works when the player is facing the right way, but not when they rotate. The bullets move in the right direction, but don't come from the gun. How can I fix this? TL;DR: When the player rotates, bullets don't come from gun. public void fire() { angle = sprite.getRotation(); System.out.println(angle); x = sprite.getX(); y = sprite.getY(); Bullet b = new Bullet(x, y, angle); Utils.world.addBullet(b); }

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  • Moving in a diamond - enemy gets stuck

    - by Fibericon
    I have an enemy that I would like to move as follows: Start at (0, 200, 0) Move to (200, 0, 0) Move to (0, -200, 0) Move to (-200, 0, 0) Move to start point, repeat as long as it remains active. This is what I've done to achieve that: if (position.X < 200 && position.Y > 0) { Velocity = new Vector3(1, -1, 0) * speed; } else if (position.X >= 200 && position.Y <= 0 && position.Y > -200) { Velocity = new Vector3(-1, -1, 0) * speed; } else if (position.X <= 0 && position.Y <= -200) { Velocity = new Vector3(-1, 1, 0) * speed; } else { Velocity = new Vector3(1, 1, 0) * speed; } It moves to the second point, but then gets stuck and appears to vibrate in place. How should I be doing this?

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  • how to stop the array of sprite in cocos2d?

    - by prakash s
    I am devoloping the bubble shooter game in cocos2d how to stop the sprite movement at the center of the game scene in my game bec i want to shoot the bubble after stopping the movenent at certain position here is my code -(void)addTarget { CGSize winSize = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; NSMutableArray * movableSprites = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; NSArray *images = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1.png", @"2.png", @"3.png", @"4.png",@"5.png", @"6.png", @"7.png",@"8.png" ,nil]; for(int i = 0; i < images.count; ++i) { int index = (arc4random() % 8)+1; NSString *image = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.png", index]; CCSprite*target = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:image]; // generate random number based on size of array (array size is larger than 10) float offsetFraction = ((float)(i+1))/(images.count+1); //target.position = ccp(winSize.width*offsetFraction, winSize.height/2); target.position = ccp(350*offsetFraction, 460); [self addChild:target]; [movableSprites addObject:target]; id actionMove = [CCMoveTo actionWithDuration:10 position:ccp(350*offsetFraction, 100)]; id actionMoveDone = [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(spriteMoveFinished:)]; [target runAction:[CCSequence actions:actionMove, actionMoveDone, nil]]; } here bubbles are moving from top to bottom but after 5 rows my bubble movement should be stop so please help me to get that logic

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  • Changing State in PlayerControler from PlayerInput

    - by Jeremy Talus
    In my player input I wanna change the the "State" of my player controller but I have some trouble to do it my player input is declared like that : class ResistancePlayerInput extends PlayerInput within ResistancePlayerController config(ResistancePlayerInput); and in my playerControler I have that : class ResistancePlayerController extends GamePlayerController; var name PreviousState; DefaultProperties { CameraClass = class 'ResistanceCamera' //Telling the player controller to use your custom camera script InputClass = class'ResistanceGame.ResistancePlayerInput' DefaultFOV = 90.f //Telling the player controller what the default field of view (FOV) should be } simulated event PostBeginPlay() { Super.PostBeginPlay(); } auto state Walking { event BeginState(name PreviousStateName) { Pawn.GroundSpeed = 200; `log("Player Walking"); } } state Running extends Walking { event BeginState(name PreviousStateName) { Pawn.GroundSpeed = 350; `log("Player Running"); } } state Sprinting extends Walking { event BeginState(name PreviousStateName) { Pawn.GroundSpeed = 800; `log("Player Sprinting"); } } I have tried to use PCOwner.GotoState(); and ResistancePlayerController(PCOwner).GotoState(); but won't work. I have also tried a simple GotoState, and nothing happen how can I call GotoState for the PC Class from my player input ?

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  • Wheel rotation, to change velocity of vehicle

    - by Lewis
    I update the velocity of my vehicle like so: [v setVelocity: ((2 * 3.14 * 100 * (wheel.getRotationValue / 360) / 30)) * gameSpeed]; // update on 60 fps this gets velocity on all frames divide by 60 for 1 frame. This is done in my update method in my world class. Now wheel.getRotationValue returns the rotation value which is worked out like this: - (void)ccTouchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject]; CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:[touch view]]; location = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertToGL:location]; if (CGRectContainsPoint(wheel.boundingBox, location)) { CGPoint firstLocation = [touch previousLocationInView:[touch view]]; CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:[touch view]]; CGPoint touchingPoint = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertToGL:location]; CGPoint firstTouchingPoint = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertToGL:firstLocation]; CGPoint firstVector = ccpSub(firstTouchingPoint, wheel.position); CGFloat firstRotateAngle = -ccpToAngle(firstVector); CGFloat previousTouch = CC_RADIANS_TO_DEGREES(firstRotateAngle); CGPoint vector = ccpSub(touchingPoint, wheel.position); CGFloat rotateAngle = -ccpToAngle(vector); CGFloat currentTouch = CC_RADIANS_TO_DEGREES(rotateAngle); float limit = 0.5; rotationValue += (currentTouch - previousTouch) * limit; } touching = YES; } Say I steer the vehicle to the far right of the screen, and want to move it to the far left, It wont start moving to the left of the screen until the rotationValue is past 0 degrees again (the wheel is in its center posistion) and is dragged past this value. Is there anyway to change the code I have above, so that movement on the wheel is recognised instantly and updates the velocity of v instantly too?

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  • Event Driven Communication in Game Engine - Yes or No?

    - by Bunkai.Satori
    As I am reading book Game Coding Complete (http://www.amazon.com/Game-Coding-Complete-Third-McShaffry/dp/1584506806/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1295978774&sr=8-1), the author recommend Event Driven communication among the all game objects and modules. Basicaly, all the living game actors and object should communicate with the key modules (Physics, AI, Game Logic, Game View, etc..) via internal event messaging system. This would mean designing efficient event manager as well. My question is, whether this is proven and recommended approach. If it is not properly designed, it might mean consuming a lot of CPU cycles, which can be used elsewhere. This is especially true, if the game is targetted for mobile platform. What is your opinion and recommendation, please?

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  • improve Collision detection memory usage (blocks with bullets)

    - by Eddy
    i am making a action platform 2D game, something like Megaman. I am using XNA to make it. already made player phisics,collisions, bullets, enemies and AIs, map editor, scorolling X Y camera (about 75% of game is finished ). as i progressed i noticed that my game would be more interesting to play if bullets would be destroyed on collision with regular(stationary ) map blocks, only problem is that if i use my collision detection (each bullet with each block) sometimes it begins to lag(btw if my bullet exits the screen player can see it is removed from bullet list) So how to improve my collision detection so that memory usage would be so high? :) ( on a map 300x300 blocks for example don't think that bigger map should be made); int block = 0; int bulet= 0; bool destroy_bullet = false; while (bulet < bullets.Count) { while (block < blocks.Count) { if (bullets[bulet].P_Bul_rec.Intersects( blocks[block].rect)) {//bullets and block are Lists that holds objects of bullet and block classes //P_Bul_rec just bullet rectangle destroy_bullet = true; } block++; } if (destroy_bullet) { bullets.RemoveAt(bulet); destroy_bullet = false; } else { bulet++; } block = 0; }

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  • Weird rotation problem

    - by Phil
    I'm creating a simple tank game. No matter what I do, the turret keeps facing the target with it's side. I just can't figure out how to turn it 90 degrees in Y once so it faces it correctly. I've checked the pivot in Maya and it doesn't matter how I change it. This is the code I use to calculate how to face the target: void LookAt() { var forwardA = transform.forward; var forwardB = (toLookAt.transform.position - transform.position); var angleA = Mathf.Atan2(forwardA.x, forwardA.z) * Mathf.Rad2Deg; var angleB = Mathf.Atan2(forwardB.x, forwardB.z) * Mathf.Rad2Deg; var angleDiff = Mathf.DeltaAngle(angleA, angleB); //print(angleDiff.ToString()); if (angleDiff > 20) { //Rotate to transform.Rotate(new Vector3(0, (-turretSpeed * Time.deltaTime),0)); //transform.rotation = new Quaternion(transform.rotation.x, transform.rotation.y + adjustment, transform.rotation.z, transform.rotation.w); } else if (angleDiff < 20) { transform.Rotate(new Vector3(0, (turretSpeed * Time.deltaTime),0)); //transform.rotation = new Quaternion(transform.rotation.x, transform.rotation.y + adjustment, transform.rotation.z, transform.rotation.w); } else { } } I'm using Unity3d and would appreciate any help I can get! Thanks!

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  • Procedural world generation oriented on gameplay features

    - by Richard Fabian
    In large procedural landscape games, the land seems dull, but that's probably because the real world is largely dull, with only limited places where the scenery is dramatic or tactical. Looking at world generation from this point of view, a landscape generator for a game (that is, not for the sake of scenery, but for the sake of gameplay) needs to not follow the rules of landscaping, but instead some rules married to the expectations of the gamer. For example, there could be a choke point / route generator that creates hills ravines, rivers and mountains between cities, rather than the natural way cities arise, scattered on the land based on resources or conditions generated by the mountains and rainfall patterns. Is there any existing work being done like this? Start with cities or population centres and then add in terrain afterwards? The reason I'm asking is that I'd previously pondered taking existing maps from fantasy fiction (my own and others), putting the information into the system as a base point, and then generating a good world to play in from it. This seems covered by existing technology, that is, where the designer puts in all the necessary information such as the city populations, resources, biomes, road networks and rivers, then allows the PCG fill in the gaps. But now I'm wondering if it may be possible to have a content generator generate also the overall design. Generate the cities and population centres, balancing them so that there is a natural seeming need of commerce, then generate the positions and connectivity, then from the type of city produce the list of necessary resources that must be nearby, and only then, maybe given some rules on how to make the journey between cities both believable and interesting, generate the final content including the roads, the choke points, the bridges and tunnels, ferries and the terrain including the biomes and coastline necessary. If this has been done before, I'd like to know, and would like to know what went wrong, and what went right.

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  • Which Open Source Licenses can address concerns for an Open Source Game Engine?

    - by Chris
    I am on a team that is looking to open source an engine we are building. It's intended as an engine for Online RPG style games. We're writing it to work on both desktops and android platforms. I've been over to the OSI http://opensource.org/licenses/category to check out the most common licenses. However, this will be my first time going into an open source project and I wanted to know if the community had some insight into which licenses might be best suited. Key licensing concerns: Removing or limiting our liability (most already seem to cover this, but stating for completeness). We want other developers to be able to take part or all of our project and use it in their own projects with proper accreditation to our project. Licensing should not hinder someone's ability to quickly use the engine. They should be able to download a release and start using it without needing to wait on licensing issues. Game content (gfx, sound, etc.) that is not part of the engine should be allowed to be licensed separately. If someone is using our engine, they can retain full copy right of their content, including engine generated data. Our primary goal is exposure, which is why we're going open source to start with. Both for the project and for the individuals developing it. Are there any licenses that can require accreditation visible to players? While I'd put our primary goal as exposure, for licensing the accreditation is less of a concern. From what I've read through (and have been able to understand) it doesn't seem like any of the licenses cover anything that is produced by the licensed software. Are there any that state this specifically, or does simply not mentioning it leave it open for other licensing? Are there any other concerns that we should consider? Has anyone had any issues using any of these licenses?

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  • Deferred Rendering With Diffuse,Specular, and Normal maps

    - by John
    I have been reading up on deferred rendering and I am trying to implement a renderer using the Sponza atrium model, which can be found here, as my sandbox.Note I am also using OpenGL 3.3 and GLSL. I am loading the model from a Wavefront OBJ file using Assimp. I extract all geometry information including tangents and bitangents. For all the aiMaterials,I extract the following information which essentially comes from the sponza.mtl file. Ambient/Diffuse/Specular/Emissive Reflectivity Coefficients(Ka,Kd,Ks,Ke) Shininess Diffuse Map Specular Map Normal Map I understand that I must render vertex attributes such as position ,normals,texture coordinates to textures as well as depth for the second render pass. A lot of resources mention putting colour information into a g-buffer in the initial render pass but do you not require the diffuse,specular and normal maps and therefore lights to determine the fragment colour? I know that doesnt make since sense because lighting should be done in the second render pass. In terms of normal mapping, do you essentially just pass the tangent,bitangents, and normals into g-buffers and then construct the tangent matrix and apply it to the sampled normal from the normal map. Ultimately, I would like to know how to incorporate this material information into my deferred renderer.

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  • How to translate along Z axis in OpenTK

    - by JeremyJAlpha
    I am playing around with an OpenGL sample application I downloaded for Xamarin-Android. The sample application produces a rotating colored cube I would simply like to edit it so that the rotating cube is translated along the Z axis and disappears into the distance. I modified the code by: adding an cumulative variable to store my Z distance, adding GL.Enable(All.DepthBufferBit) - unsure if I put it in the right place, adding GL.Translate(0.0f, 0.0f, Depth) - before the rotate functions, Result: cube rotates a couple of times then disappears, it seems to be getting clipped out of the frustum. So my question is what is the correct way to use and initialize the Z buffer and get the cube to travel along the Z axis? I am sure I am missing some function calls but am unsure of what they are and where to put them. I apologise in advance as this is very basic stuff but am still learning :P, I would appreciate it if anyone could show me the best way to get the cube to still rotate but to also move along the Z axis. I have commented all my modifications in the code: // This gets called when the drawing surface is ready protected override void OnLoad (EventArgs e) { // this call is optional, and meant to raise delegates // in case any are registered base.OnLoad (e); // UpdateFrame and RenderFrame are called // by the render loop. This is takes effect // when we use 'Run ()', like below UpdateFrame += delegate (object sender, FrameEventArgs args) { // Rotate at a constant speed for (int i = 0; i < 3; i ++) rot [i] += (float) (rateOfRotationPS [i] * args.Time); }; RenderFrame += delegate { RenderCube (); }; GL.Enable(All.DepthBufferBit); //Added by Noob GL.Enable(All.CullFace); GL.ShadeModel(All.Smooth); GL.Hint(All.PerspectiveCorrectionHint, All.Nicest); // Run the render loop Run (30); } void RenderCube () { GL.Viewport(0, 0, viewportWidth, viewportHeight); GL.MatrixMode (All.Projection); GL.LoadIdentity (); if ( viewportWidth > viewportHeight ) { GL.Ortho(-1.5f, 1.5f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); } else { GL.Ortho(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.5f, 1.5f, -1.0f, 1.0f); } GL.MatrixMode (All.Modelview); GL.LoadIdentity (); Depth -= 0.02f; //Added by Noob GL.Translate(0.0f,0.0f,Depth); //Added by Noob GL.Rotate (rot[0], 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); GL.Rotate (rot[1], 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL.Rotate (rot[2], 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL.ClearColor (0, 0, 0, 1.0f); GL.Clear (ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit); GL.VertexPointer(3, All.Float, 0, cube); GL.EnableClientState (All.VertexArray); GL.ColorPointer (4, All.Float, 0, cubeColors); GL.EnableClientState (All.ColorArray); GL.DrawElements(All.Triangles, 36, All.UnsignedByte, triangles); SwapBuffers (); }

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  • How should I generate and store the boundries of a cave?

    - by Bob Roberts
    I am making a small cave copter game (seriously, where did this type of game come from anyway) and I am trying to figure out how to make and store the procedural generated walls. I am thinking about creating the walls by randomly picking two points away from the center of the screen. They will be no closer than the height of helicopter and no further than the edge of the screen, weighted to prefer to go in the same direction as the point prior so I end up with stalactites and stalagmites and not just noise, at set intervals of distance. To store, perhaps parallel arrays/lists, one for distance from center to top screen and one for distance from center to bottom. Am I way off base with my thinking? I just want the cave to be varied and challenging, I just have never worked with generating data like this. Edit: Woah, I just realized that my idea would lead to a player being able to stay in the middle of the screen and win. That isn't right at all. So the very basis of how I was going to generate is wrong. Edit 2: I also realized I left out a very crucial point. Part of the mechanics of the game will let the player go backwards therefor the data structure should be continuous.

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  • Octree subdivision problem

    - by ChaosDev
    Im creating octree manually and want function for effectively divide all nodes and their subnodes - For example - I press button and subnodes divided - press again - all subnodes divided again. Must be like - 1 - 8 - 64. The problem is - i dont understand how organize recursive loops for that. OctreeNode in my unoptimized implementation contain pointers to subnodes(childs),parent,extra vector(contains dublicates of child),generation info and lots of information for drawing. class gOctreeNode { //necessary fields gOctreeNode* FrontBottomLeftNode; gOctreeNode* FrontBottomRightNode; gOctreeNode* FrontTopLeftNode; gOctreeNode* FrontTopRightNode; gOctreeNode* BackBottomLeftNode; gOctreeNode* BackBottomRightNode; gOctreeNode* BackTopLeftNode; gOctreeNode* BackTopRightNode; gOctreeNode* mParentNode; std::vector<gOctreeNode*> m_ChildsVector; UINT mGeneration; bool mSplitted; bool isSplitted(){return m_Splitted;} .... //unnecessary fields }; DivideNode of Octree class fill these fields, set mSplitted to true, and prepare for correctly drawing. Octree contains basic nodes(m_nodes). Basic node can be divided, but now I want recursivly divide already divided basic node with 8 subnodes. So I write this function. void DivideAllChildCells(int ix,int ih,int id) { std::vector<gOctreeNode*> nlist; std::vector<gOctreeNode*> dlist; int index = (ix * m_Height * m_Depth) + (ih * m_Depth) + (id * 1);//get index of specified node gOctreeNode* baseNode = m_nodes[index].get(); nlist.push_back(baseNode->FrontTopLeftNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->FrontTopRightNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->FrontBottomLeftNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->FrontBottomRightNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->BackBottomLeftNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->BackBottomRightNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->BackTopLeftNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->BackTopRightNode); bool cont = true; UINT d = 0;//additional recursive loop param (?) UINT g = 0;//additional recursive loop param (?) LoopNodes(d,g,nlist,dlist); //Divide resulting nodes for(UINT i = 0; i < dlist.size(); i++) { DivideNode(dlist[i]); } } And now, back to the main question,I present LoopNodes, which must do all work for giving dlist nodes for splitting. void LoopNodes(UINT& od,UINT& og,std::vector<gOctreeNode*>& nlist,std::vector<gOctreeNode*>& dnodes) { //od++;//recursion depth bool f = false; //pass through childs for(UINT i = 0; i < 8; i++) { if(nlist[i]->isSplitted())//if node splitted and have childs { //pass forward through tree for(UINT j = 0; j < 8; j++) { nlist[j] = nlist[j]->m_ChildsVector[j];//set pointers to these childs } LoopNodes(od,og,nlist,dnodes); } else //if no childs { //add to split vector dnodes.push_back(nlist[i]); } } } This version of loop nodes works correctly for 2(or 1?) generations after - this will not divide neightbours nodes, only some corners. I need correct algorithm. Screenshot All I need - is correct version of LoopNodes, which can add all nodes for DivideNode.

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  • How to detect which edges of a rectange touch when they collide in iOS

    - by Mike King
    I'm creating a basic "game" in iOS 4.1. The premise is simple, there is a green rectangle ("disk") that moves/bounces around the screen, and red rectangle ("bump") that is stationary. The user can move the red "bump" by touching another coordinate on the screen, but that's irrelevant to this question. Each rectangle is a UIImageView (I will replace them with some kind of image/icon once I get the mechanics down). I've gotten as far as detecting when the rectangles collide, and I'm able to reverse the direction of the green "disk" on the Y axis if they do. This works well when the green "disk" approaches the red "bump" from top or bottom, it bounces off in the other direction. But when it approaches from the side, the bounce is incorrect; I need to reverse the X direction instead. Here's the timer I setup: - (void)viewDidLoad { xSpeed = 3; ySpeed = -3; gameTimer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.05 target:self selector:@selector(mainGameLoop:) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; [super viewDidLoad]; } Here's the main game loop: - (void) mainGameLoop:(NSTimer *)theTimer { disk.center = CGPointMake(disk.center.x + xSpeed, disk.center.y + ySpeed); // make sure the disk does not travel off the edges of the screen // magic number values based on size of disk's frame // startAnimating causes the image to "pulse" if (disk.center.x < 55 || disk.center.x > 265) { xSpeed = xSpeed * -1; [disk startAnimating]; } if (disk.center.y < 55 || disk.center.y > 360) { ySpeed = ySpeed * -1; [disk startAnimating]; } // check to see if the disk collides with the bump if (CGRectIntersectsRect(disk.frame, bump.frame)) { NSLog(@"Collision detected..."); if (! [disk isAnimating]) { ySpeed = ySpeed * -1; [disk startAnimating]; } } } So my question is: how can I detect whether I need to flip the X speed or the Y speed? ie: how can I calculate which edge of the bump was collided with?

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  • Manipulating Perlin Noise

    - by Numeri
    I've been learning about Procedurally Generated Content lately (in particular, Perlin noise). Perlin noise works great for making things like landscapes, height maps, and stuff like that. But now I am trying to generate structures more like mountain ranges (in 2D, as 3D would be way over my head right now) or underground veins of ores. I can't manage to manipulate Perlin Noise to do this. Making a cut off point (i.e. using only the tops of the 'mountains' of a heightmap) wouldn't work, because I would get lumps of mountains/veins. Any suggestions? Thanks, Numeri

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