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• Correct order of tasks in each frame for a Physics simulation

  - by Johny

  I'm playing a bit around with 2D physics. I created now some physic blocks which should collide with each other. This works fine "mostly" but sometimes one of the blocks does not react to a collision and i think that's because of my order of tasks done in each frame. At the moment it looks something like this: function GameFrame(){ foreach physicObject do AddVelocityToPosition(); DoCollisionStuff(); // Only for this object not to forget! AddGravitationToVelocity(); end RedrawScene(); } Is this the correct order of tasks in each frame?

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• dynamic 2d texture creation in unity from script

  - by gman

  I'm coming from HTML5 and I'm used to having the 2D Canvas API I can use to generate textures. Is there anything similar in Unity3D? For example, let's say at runtime I want to render a circle, put 3 initials in the middle and then take the result and put that in a texture. In HTML5 I'd do this var initials = "GAT"; var textureWidth = 256; var textureHeight = 256; // create a canvas var c = document.createElement("canvas"); c.width = textureWidth; c.height = textureHeight; var ctx = c.getContext("2d"); // Set the origin to the center of the canvas ctx.translate(textureWidth / 2, textureHeight / 2); // Draw a yellow circle ctx.fillStyle = "rgb(255,255,0)"; // yellow ctx.beginPath(); var radius = (Math.min(textureWidth, textureHeight) - 2) / 2; ctx.arc(0, 0, radius, 0, Math.PI * 2, true); ctx.fill(); // Draw some black initials in the middle. ctx.fillStyle = "rgb(0,0,0)"; ctx.font = "60pt Arial"; ctx.textAlign = "center"; ctx.fillText(initials, 0, 30); // now I can make a texture from that var tex = gl.createTexture(); gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, tex); gl.texImage2D(gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, gl.RGBA, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, c); gl.generateMipmap(gl.TEXTURE_2D); I know I can edit individual pixels in a Unity texture but is there any higher level API for drawing to texture in unity?

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• Is there a simple way to stop enemies standing in the same spot?

  - by Iain

  So: top-down game, my enemies chase the player, when they get within a certain distance they stand still and fire. If they're all coming from the same direction they all end up standing in the same spot (i.e. standing "within" each other), as I'm not currently doing collision detection between enemies - they are free to pass over each other. What's a simple way around this? Either some form of collision detection or some ai?

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• Why do we use Pythagoras in game physics?

  - by Starkers

  I've recently learned that we use Pythagoras a lot in our physics calculations and I'm afraid I don't really get the point. Here's an example from a book to make sure an object doesn't travel faster than a MAXIMUM_VELOCITY constant in the horizontal plane: MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = <any number>; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = MAXIMUM_VELOCITY * MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; function animate(){ var squared_horizontal_velocity = (x_velocity * x_velocity) + (z_velocity * z_velocity); if( squared_horizontal_velocity <= SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ scalar = squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; } } Let's try this with some numbers: An object is attempting to move 5 units in x and 5 units in z. It should only be able to move 5 units horizontally in total! MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5 * 5; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 25; function animate(){ var x_velocity = 5; var z_velocity = 5; var squared_horizontal_velocity = (x_velocity * x_velocity) + (z_velocity * z_velocity); var squared_horizontal_velocity = 5 * 5 + 5 * 5; var squared_horizontal_velocity = 25 + 25; var squared_horizontal_velocity = 50; // if( squared_horizontal_velocity <= SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ if( 50 <= 25 ){ scalar = squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; scalar = 50 / 25; scalar = 2.0; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; x_velocity = 5 / 2.0; x_velocity = 2.5; z_velocity = z_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = 5 / 2.0; z_velocity = 2.5; // new_horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity // new_horizontal_velocity = 2.5 + 2.5 // new_horizontal_velocity = 5 } } Now this works well, but we can do the same thing without Pythagoras: MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5; function animate(){ var x_velocity = 5; var z_velocity = 5; var horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity; var horizontal_velocity = 5 + 5; var horizontal_velocity = 10; // if( horizontal_velocity >= MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ if( 10 >= 5 ){ scalar = horizontal_velocity / MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; scalar = 10 / 5; scalar = 2.0; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; x_velocity = 5 / 2.0; x_velocity = 2.5; z_velocity = z_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = 5 / 2.0; z_velocity = 2.5; // new_horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity // new_horizontal_velocity = 2.5 + 2.5 // new_horizontal_velocity = 5 } } Benefits of doing it without Pythagoras: Less lines Within those lines, it's easier to read what's going on ...and it takes less time to compute, as there are less multiplications Seems to me like computers and humans get a better deal without Pythagoras! However, I'm sure I'm wrong as I've seen Pythagoras' theorem in a number of reputable places, so I'd like someone to explain me the benefit of using Pythagoras to a maths newbie. Does this have anything to do with unit vectors? To me a unit vector is when we normalize a vector and turn it into a fraction. We do this by dividing the vector by a larger constant. I'm not sure what constant it is. The total size of the graph? Anyway, because it's a fraction, I take it, a unit vector is basically a graph that can fit inside a 3D grid with the x-axis running from -1 to 1, z-axis running from -1 to 1, and the y-axis running from -1 to 1. That's literally everything I know about unit vectors... not much :P And I fail to see their usefulness. Also, we're not really creating a unit vector in the above examples. Should I be determining the scalar like this: // a mathematical work-around of my own invention. There may be a cleverer way to do this! I've also made up my own terms such as 'divisive_scalar' so don't bother googling var divisive_scalar = (squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY); var divisive_scalar = ( 50 / 25 ); var divisive_scalar = 2; var multiplicative_scalar = (divisive_scalar / (2*divisive_scalar)); var multiplicative_scalar = (2 / (2*2)); var multiplicative_scalar = (2 / 4); var multiplicative_scalar = 0.5; x_velocity = x_velocity * multiplicative_scalar x_velocity = 5 * 0.5 x_velocity = 2.5 Again, I can't see why this is better, but it's more "unit-vector-y" because the multiplicative_scalar is a unit_vector? As you can see, I use words such as "unit-vector-y" so I'm really not a maths whiz! Also aware that unit vectors might have nothing to do with Pythagoras so ignore all of this if I'm barking up the wrong tree. I'm a very visual person (3D modeller and concept artist by trade!) and I find diagrams and graphs really, really helpful so as many as humanely possible please!

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• How do I render only part of a texture to a point sprite in OpenGL ES for Android?

  - by nbolton

  Using the libgdx framework, I've figured out how to render a texture to a point sprite. The problem is, it renders the entire texture to the point sprite, where I only want a small part of it (since it's an isometric tile image). Here's a snippet from some demo code I wrote... create() { renderer = new ImmediateModeRenderer(); tiles = Gdx.graphics.newTexture( Gdx.files.internal("data/tiles2.png"), TextureFilter.MipMap, TextureFilter.Linear, TextureWrap.ClampToEdge, TextureWrap.ClampToEdge); Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0.6f, 0.7f, 0.9f, 1); Gdx.gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D); Gdx.gl.glEnable(GL11.GL_POINT_SPRITE_OES); Gdx.gl11.glTexEnvi( GL11.GL_POINT_SPRITE_OES, GL11.GL_COORD_REPLACE_OES, GL11.GL_TRUE); Gdx.gl10.glPointSize(s); tiles.bind(); } render() { Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); renderer.begin(GL10.GL_POINTS); // render 3 point sprites at various 3d points renderer.vertex(-.1f, 0, -.1f); renderer.vertex(0, 0, 0); renderer.vertex(.1f, 0, .1f); // ... more vertices here if needed (one for each sprite) ... renderer.end(); }

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• Xna GS 4 Animation Sample bone transforms not copying correctly

  - by annonymously

  I have a person model that is animated and a suitcase model that is not. The person can pick up the suitcase and it should move to the location of the hand bone of the person model. Unfortunately the suitcase doesn't follow the animation correctly. it moves with the hand's animation but its position is under the ground and way too far to the right. I haven't scaled any of the models myself. Thank you. The source code (forgive the rough prototype code): Matrix[] tran = new Matrix[man.model.Bones.Count];// The absolute transforms from the animation player man.model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(tran); Vector3 suitcasePos, suitcaseScale, tempSuitcasePos = new Vector3();// Place holders for the Matrix Decompose Quaternion suitcaseRot = new Quaternion(); // The transformation of the right hand bone is decomposed tran[man.model.Bones["HPF_RightHand"].Index].Decompose(out suitcaseScale, out suitcaseRot, out tempSuitcasePos); suitcasePos = new Vector3(); suitcasePos.X = tempSuitcasePos.Z;// The axes are inverted for some reason suitcasePos.Y = -tempSuitcasePos.Y; suitcasePos.Z = -tempSuitcasePos.X; suitcase.Position = man.Position + suitcasePos;// The actual Suitcase properties suitcase.Rotation = man.Rotation + new Vector3(suitcaseRot.X, suitcaseRot.Y, suitcaseRot.Z); I am also copying the bone transforms from the animation player in the Person class like so: // The transformations from the AnimationPlayer Matrix[] skinTrans = new Matrix[model.Bones.Count]; skinTrans = player.GetBoneTransforms(); // copy each transformation to its corresponding bone for (int i = 0; i < skinTrans.Length; i++) { model.Bones[i].Transform = skinTrans[i]; }

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• Comparing angles and working out the difference

  - by Thomas O

  I want to compare angles and get an idea of the distance between them. For this application, I'm working in degrees, but it would also work for radians and grads. The problem with angles is that they depend on modular arithmetic, i.e. 0-360 degrees. Say one angle is at 15 degrees and one is at 45. The difference is 30 degrees, and the 45 degree angle is greater than the 15 degree one. But, this breaks down when you have, say, 345 degrees and 30 degrees. Although they compare properly, the difference between them is 315 degrees instead of the correct 45 degrees. How can I solve this? I could write algorithmic code: if(angle1 > angle2) delta_theta = 360 - angle2 - angle1; else delta_theta = angle2 - angle1; But I'd prefer a solution that avoids compares/branches, and relies entirely on arithmetic.

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• Collision Error

  - by Manji

  I am having trouble with collision detection part of the game. I am using touch events to fire the gun as you will see in the video. Note, the android icon is a temporary graphic for the bullets When ever the user touches (represented by clicks in the video)the bullet appears and kills random sprites. As you can see it never touches the sprites it kills or kill the sprites it does touch. My Question is How do I fix it, so that the sprite dies when the bullet hits it? Collision Code snippet: //Handles Collision private void CheckCollisions(){ synchronized(mSurfaceHolder){ for (int i = sprites.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--){ Sprite sprite = sprites.get(i); if(sprite.isCollision(bullet)){ sprites.remove(sprite); mScore++; if(sprites.size() == 0){ mLevel = mLevel +1; currentLevel++; initLevel(); } break; } } } } Sprite Class Code Snippet: //bounding box left<right and top>bottom int left ; int right ; int top ; int bottom ; public boolean isCollision(Beam other) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(this.left>other.right || other.left<other.right)return false; if(this.bottom>other.top || other.bottom<other.top)return false; return true; } EDIT 1: Sprite Class: public class Sprite { // direction = 0 up, 1 left, 2 down, 3 right, // animation = 3 back, 1 left, 0 front, 2 right int[] DIRECTION_TO_ANIMATION_MAP = { 3, 1, 0, 2 }; private static final int BMP_ROWS = 4; private static final int BMP_COLUMNS = 3; private static final int MAX_SPEED = 5; private HitmanView gameView; private Bitmap bmp; private int x; private int y; private int xSpeed; private int ySpeed; private int currentFrame = 0; private int width; private int height; //bounding box left<right and top>bottom int left ; int right ; int top ; int bottom ; public Sprite(HitmanView gameView, Bitmap bmp) { this.width = bmp.getWidth() / BMP_COLUMNS; this.height = bmp.getHeight() / BMP_ROWS; this.gameView = gameView; this.bmp = bmp; Random rnd = new Random(); x = rnd.nextInt(gameView.getWidth() - width); y = rnd.nextInt(gameView.getHeight() - height); xSpeed = rnd.nextInt(MAX_SPEED * 2) - MAX_SPEED; ySpeed = rnd.nextInt(MAX_SPEED * 2) - MAX_SPEED; } private void update() { if (x >= gameView.getWidth() - width - xSpeed || x + xSpeed <= 0) { xSpeed = -xSpeed; } x = x + xSpeed; if (y >= gameView.getHeight() - height - ySpeed || y + ySpeed <= 0) { ySpeed = -ySpeed; } y = y + ySpeed; currentFrame = ++currentFrame % BMP_COLUMNS; } public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { update(); int srcX = currentFrame * width; int srcY = getAnimationRow() * height; Rect src = new Rect(srcX, srcY, srcX + width, srcY + height); Rect dst = new Rect(x, y, x + width, y + height); canvas.drawBitmap(bmp, src, dst, null); } private int getAnimationRow() { double dirDouble = (Math.atan2(xSpeed, ySpeed) / (Math.PI / 2) + 2); int direction = (int) Math.round(dirDouble) % BMP_ROWS; return DIRECTION_TO_ANIMATION_MAP[direction]; } public boolean isCollision(float x2, float y2){ return x2 > x && x2 < x + width && y2 > y && y2 < y + height; } public boolean isCollision(Beam other) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(this.left>other.right || other.left<other.right)return false; if(this.bottom>other.top || other.bottom<other.top)return false; return true; } } Bullet Class: public class Bullet { int mX; int mY; private Bitmap mBitmap; //bounding box left<right and top>bottom int left ; int right ; int top ; int bottom ; public Bullet (Bitmap mBitmap){ this.mBitmap = mBitmap; } public void draw(Canvas canvas, int mX, int mY) { this.mX = mX; this.mY = mY; canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap, mX, mY, null); } }

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• improve Collision detection memory usage (blocks with bullets)

  - by Eddy

  i am making a action platform 2D game, something like Megaman. I am using XNA to make it. already made player phisics,collisions, bullets, enemies and AIs, map editor, scorolling X Y camera (about 75% of game is finished ). as i progressed i noticed that my game would be more interesting to play if bullets would be destroyed on collision with regular(stationary ) map blocks, only problem is that if i use my collision detection (each bullet with each block) sometimes it begins to lag(btw if my bullet exits the screen player can see it is removed from bullet list) So how to improve my collision detection so that memory usage would be so high? :) ( on a map 300x300 blocks for example don't think that bigger map should be made); int block = 0; int bulet= 0; bool destroy_bullet = false; while (bulet < bullets.Count) { while (block < blocks.Count) { if (bullets[bulet].P_Bul_rec.Intersects( blocks[block].rect)) {//bullets and block are Lists that holds objects of bullet and block classes //P_Bul_rec just bullet rectangle destroy_bullet = true; } block++; } if (destroy_bullet) { bullets.RemoveAt(bulet); destroy_bullet = false; } else { bulet++; } block = 0; }

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• Error X3650 when compiling shader in XNA

  - by Saikai

  I'm attempting to convert the XBDEV.NET Mosaic Shader for use in my XNA project and having trouble. The compiler errors out because of the half globals. At first I tried replacing the globals and just writing the variables explicitly in the code, but that garbles the Output. Next I tried replacing all the half with float vars, but that still garbles the resulting Image. I call the effect file from SpriteBatch.Begin(). Is there a way to convert this shader to the new pixel shader conventions? Are there any good tutorials for this topic? Here is the shader file for reference: /*****************************************************************************/ /* File: tiles.fx Details: Modified version of the NVIDIA Composer FX Demo Program 2004 Produces a tiled mosaic effect on the output. Requires: Vertex Shader 1.1 Pixel Shader 2.0 Modified by: [email protected] (www.xbdev.net) */ /*****************************************************************************/ float4 ClearColor : DIFFUSE = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}; float ClearDepth = 1.0f; /******************************** TWEAKABLES *********************************/ half NumTiles = 40.0; half Threshhold = 0.15; half3 EdgeColor = {0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f}; /*****************************************************************************/ texture SceneMap : RENDERCOLORTARGET < float2 ViewportRatio = { 1.0f, 1.0f }; int MIPLEVELS = 1; string format = "X8R8G8B8"; string UIWidget = "None"; >; sampler SceneSampler = sampler_state { texture = <SceneMap>; AddressU = CLAMP; AddressV = CLAMP; MIPFILTER = NONE; MINFILTER = LINEAR; MAGFILTER = LINEAR; }; /***************************** DATA STRUCTS **********************************/ struct vertexInput { half3 Position : POSITION; half3 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0; }; /* data passed from vertex shader to pixel shader */ struct vertexOutput { half4 HPosition : POSITION; half2 UV : TEXCOORD0; }; /******************************* Vertex shader *******************************/ vertexOutput VS_Quad( vertexInput IN) { vertexOutput OUT = (vertexOutput)0; OUT.HPosition = half4(IN.Position, 1); OUT.UV = IN.TexCoord.xy; return OUT; } /********************************** pixel shader *****************************/ half4 tilesPS(vertexOutput IN) : COLOR { half size = 1.0/NumTiles; half2 Pbase = IN.UV - fmod(IN.UV,size.xx); half2 PCenter = Pbase + (size/2.0).xx; half2 st = (IN.UV - Pbase)/size; half4 c1 = (half4)0; half4 c2 = (half4)0; half4 invOff = half4((1-EdgeColor),1); if (st.x > st.y) { c1 = invOff; } half threshholdB = 1.0 - Threshhold; if (st.x > threshholdB) { c2 = c1; } if (st.y > threshholdB) { c2 = c1; } half4 cBottom = c2; c1 = (half4)0; c2 = (half4)0; if (st.x > st.y) { c1 = invOff; } if (st.x < Threshhold) { c2 = c1; } if (st.y < Threshhold) { c2 = c1; } half4 cTop = c2; half4 tileColor = tex2D(SceneSampler,PCenter); half4 result = tileColor + cTop - cBottom; return result; } /*****************************************************************************/ technique tiles { pass p0 { VertexShader = compile vs_1_1 VS_Quad(); ZEnable = false; ZWriteEnable = false; CullMode = None; PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 tilesPS(); } }

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• Using a particular font in a commercial game

  - by RCIX

  I'm working on a game I intend to sell, and I want to use this font. The license says: "You may NOT copy or distribute the font outside of the licensed household, company, school or institution. Please ask external contacts who want to use the font to purchase their own license at www.CheapProFonts.com." However, my plans are to use a tool to output a texture using this font to use as a bitmap font in my game. Does this mean I can do so, and sell my game with the font in it?

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• Draw order in XNA

  - by Petr Abdulin

  It is possible to set draw order of a DrawableGameComponent by setting DrawOrder property. But is it possible to set draw order of "main" Game class? I have 2 DrawableGameComponents, and Draw method of a main Game class is called first, while I want it to be the last. Should I just mode all "main" draw code to another component and set it DrawOrder? Answer: seems like I'm just confused myself a little. Black on black, that's why I didn't saw it. Main Draw is called last, as expected.

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• Is it normal to these Xcode prompts/errors when you deploy to IOS Simulator from Unity?

  - by Greg

  Just trying out the IOS build process.... Is it normal to see: Q1 - "upgrade to latest project format - project currently in Xcode 3.1 format, this will upgrade to 3.2" - just click OK and let Xcode do it's stuff? Q2 - same as Q1 but this time for the message "Remove obsolete build settings - will remove the build setting PREBINDING" Q3 - also when deploying to "Lastest IOS Simulator" you get the Simulator target produced, but also a non-simulator target which has lots of errors. So I assume you just ignore this target and not use it in Xcode correct? (i.e. just use the simulator target that is produced) Q4 - get a lot of warning after the simulator target is built? program works ok however.... Images For Q1 and Q2: For Q4: Settings used in Unity: Errors I see in XCode:

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• Virtual screen size with libgdx and GLES 2

  - by David Saltares Márquez

  I've been trying to use a virtual screen size for my libgdx desktop-android game. I'd like to always use a 16:9 aspect ratio but with a virtual screen size so everything would adapt automatically depending on the device size. This post illustrates the process pretty well but my game crashes when camera.apply(Gdx.Gl10) is called. This is because I'm using GLES 2.0 (for not having to use multiple of 2 texture sizes). As stated in the OrthographicCamera doc, the apply method only works with GLES 1 and GLES 1.1. Is there another way of applying my GL transformation to the camera so I can use a virtual screen resolution? Having to resize everything manually it's a total pain. Thanks a lot.

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• Isometric algorithm producing tiles in wrong draw order

  - by David

  I've been toying with isometric and I just cant get the tiles to be in the right order. I'm probably missing something obvious and I just can't see it. Even at the risk of looking stupid, here's my code: for (int i = 0; i < Tile.MapSize; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < Tile.MapSize; j++) { spriteBatch.Draw( Tile.TileSetTexture, new Rectangle( (-j * Tile.TileWidth / 2) + (i * Tile.TileWidth / 2), (i * (Tile.TileHeight - 9) / 2) - (-j * (Tile.TileHeight - 9) / 2), Tile.TileWidth, Tile.TileHeight), Tile.GetSourceRectangle(tileID), Color.White, 0.0f, new Vector2(-350, -60), SpriteEffects.None, 1.0f); } } And here's what I end up with: messed up map Yep, bit of an issue. If anyone could help, I'd appreciate it.

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• What can make peaceful game successful?

  - by Miro

  Today, the most successful games are action games like FPS, RPG, MMORPG... I'd like to make peaceful game, but i don't know how to attract people. I can make good graphics, but that's not the main thing that makes people like game more that couple of minutes. The content is important. In game styles mentioned in beginning are main content fight, kill others, make from yourself predator/the most powerful creature/player in the game. But what content can attract people in peaceful game?

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• Is using the student version of 3DS Max and Unity3d legal?

  - by SubZeron

  I am developing an indie game together with my friend using Unity3D engine. I bought "Silo 3D" for modeling two month ago and for texturing I use 3D coat. We plan to sell our game in the future. For the animations I work with 3DS max (only animation part). My question is, can I work with a students license? The license for the original version is too expensive for me. I am still at the university and I can not buy the 3DS Max license which costs 4000 €. As an alternative I have the choice beetween Blender (can´t work with this software and don't have time to invest for learning a new program) and Truespace (can´t export fbx animation and specially with bones) so for me, 3DS Max is the best choice to be effective and quick. Is it possible to prove it when I export my fbx characters from 3DS Max to Unity3D? I mean can they find out that I have used the students license of 3DS Max for the animations after the release of the game? Maybe with help of DRM? Can I solve that problem when I export the fbx from 3DS Max to Blender and after that export the same fbx to Unity3D?

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• Loading content (meshes, textures, sounds) in the background

  - by Boreal

  In my game, I am aiming for a continuous world, that is, a world where you can go anywhere without breaking the immersion through load times and "virtual seams". My world is broken up into regions, which are nodes in a graph. A region is considered adjacent to another if it can be travelled to or seen from that region. In order to keep this continuous, I want to preload the assets needed in the adjacent regions (such as world meshes, textures, and music) before they are actually used. As for actually loading the content, I use a manager that keeps at most one copy of each asset in memory at a time, accessible by its filename. When I try to access an asset, it loads it (if necessary) and then returns it. I can then unload any asset that is currently loaded to save memory. Clearly, I want to do this in the background so there are no hiccups. I assume I have to use threads in some way, but I'm not sure how.

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• strange behavior in Box2D+LibGDX when applying impulse

  - by Z0lenDer

  I have been playing around with Box2D and LibGDX and have been using a sample code from DecisionTreeGames as the testing ground. Now I have a screen with four walls and a rectangle shape, lets call it a brick. When I use applyLinearImpulse to the brick, it starts bouncing right and left without any pattern and won't stop! I tried adding friction and increasing the density, but the behavior still remains the same. Here are some of the code that might be useful: method for applying the impulse: center = brick.getWorldCenter(); brick.applyLinearImpulse(20, 0, center.x, center.y); Defining the brick: brick_bodyDef.type = BodyType.DynamicBody; brick_bodyDef.position.set(pos); // brick is initially on the ground brick_bodyDef.angle = 0; brick_body = world.createBody(brick_bodyDef); brick_body.setBullet(true); brick_bodyShape.setAsBox(w,h); brick_fixtureDef.density = 0.9f; brick_fixtureDef.restitution = 1; brick_fixtureDef.shape = brick_bodyShape; brick_fixtureDef.friction=1; brick_body.createFixture(fixtureDef); Walls are defined the same only their bullet value is set to false I would really appreciate it if you could help me have a change this code to have a realistic behavior (i.e. when I apply impulse to the brick it should trip a few times and then stop completely).

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• Question about component based design: handling objects interaction

  - by Milo

  I'm not sure how exactly objects do things to other objects in a component based design. Say I have an Obj class. I do: Obj obj; obj.add(new Position()); obj.add(new Physics()); How could I then have another object not only move the ball but have those physics applied. I'm not looking for implementation details but rather abstractly how objects communicate. In an entity based design, you might just have: obj1.emitForceOn(obj2,5.0,0.0,0.0); Any article or explanation to get a better grasp on a component driven design and how to do basic things would be really helpful.

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• Java applet game design no keyboard focus

  - by Sri Harsha Chilakapati

  THIS IS PROBABLY THE WRONG PLACE. POSTED ITHERE (STACKOVERFLOW) I'm making an applet game and it is rendering, the game loop is running, the animations are updating, but the keyboard input is not working. Here's an SSCCE. public class Game extends JApplet implements Runnable { public void init(){ // Initialize the game when called by browser setFocusable(true); requestFocus(); requestFocusInWindow(); // Always returning false GInput.install(this); // Install the input manager for this class new Thread(this).start(); } public void run(){ startGameLoop(); } } And Here's the GInput class. public class GInput implements KeyListener { public static void install(Component c){ new GInput(c); } public GInput(Component c){ c.addKeyListener(this); } public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){ System.out.println("A key has been pressed"); } ...... } This is my GInput class. When run as an applet, it doesn't work and when I add the Game class to a frame, it works properly. Thanks

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• Turn based battle and formula

  - by Mark Chapman

  I'm building a game called DVP(Digimon Virtual Pet), and in this game other than taking care of your digimon, You can also battle and breed them. I'm working on the battle system (making it first cause the actual pet system will be easy compared to the netplay, or 39DLL)but here is the problem I don't want it to be "too" simple or "too" complicated, but I do want to go by a certain formula. There are str, def, spd, and int. Strength: How hard the attacking digimon is hitting Defense: How much damage your digimon can defend when being attacked Speed: The chance of you missing the enemy Intelligence (battle knowledge): The chance of you hitting a critical hit or defending a critical hit. I can make a super simple turn based example, but I don't know how exactly to make the formulas for what I've explained above, any help?

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• circle - rectangle collision in 2D, most efficient way

  - by john smith

  Suppose I have a circle intersecting a rectangle, what is ideally the least cpu intensive way between the two? method A calculate rectangle boundaries loop through all points of the circle and, for each of those, check if inside the rect. method B calculate rectangle boundaries check where the center of the circle is, compared to the rectangle make 9 switch/case statements for the following positions: top, bottom, left, right top left, top right, bottom left, bottom right inside rectangle check only one distance using the circle's radius depending on where the circle happens t be. I know there are other ways that are definitely better than these two, and if could point me a link to them, would be great but, exactly between those two, which one would you consider to be better, regarding both performance and quality/precision? Thanks in advance.

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• Understanding math used to determine if vector is clockwise / counterclockwise from your vector

  - by MTLPhil

  I'm reading Programming Game AI by Example by Mat Buckland. In the Math & Physics primer chapter there's a listing of the declaration of a class used to represent 2D vectors. This class contains a method called Sign. It's implementation is as follows //------------------------ Sign ------------------------------------------ // // returns positive if v2 is clockwise of this vector, // minus if anticlockwise (Y axis pointing down, X axis to right) //------------------------------------------------------------------------ enum {clockwise = 1, anticlockwise = -1}; inline int Vector2D::Sign(const Vector2D& v2)const { if (y*v2.x > x*v2.y) { return anticlockwise; } else { return clockwise; } } Can someone explain the vector rules that make this hold true? What do the values of y*v2.x and x*v2.y that are being compared actually represent? I'd like to have a solid understanding of why this works rather than just accepting that it does without figuring it out. I feel like it's something really obvious that I'm just not catching on to. Thanks for your help.

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• Texture errors in CubeMap

  - by shade4159

  I am trying to apply this texture as a cubemap. This is my result: Clearly I am doing something with my texture coordinates, but I cannot for the life of me figure out what. I don't even see a pattern to the texture fragments. They just seem like a jumble of different faces. Can anyone shed some light on this? Vertex shader: #version 400 in vec4 vPosition; in vec3 inTexCoord; smooth out vec3 texCoord; uniform mat4 projMatrix; void main() { texCoord = inTexCoord; gl_Position = projMatrix * vPosition; } My fragment shader: #version 400 smooth in vec3 texCoord; out vec4 fColor; uniform samplerCube textures void main() { fColor = texture(textures,texCoord); } Vertices of cube: point4 worldVerts[8] = { vec4( 15, 15, 15, 1 ), vec4( -15, 15, 15, 1 ), vec4( -15, 15, -15, 1 ), vec4( 15, 15, -15, 1 ), vec4( -15, -15, 15, 1 ), vec4( 15, -15, 15, 1 ), vec4( 15, -15, -15, 1 ), vec4( -15, -15, -15, 1 ) }; Cube rendering: void worldCube(point4* verts, int& Index, point4* points, vec3* texVerts) { quadInv( verts[0], verts[1], verts[2], verts[3], 1, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[6], verts[3], verts[2], verts[7], 2, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[4], verts[5], verts[6], verts[7], 3, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[4], verts[1], verts[0], verts[5], 4, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[5], verts[0], verts[3], verts[6], 5, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[4], verts[7], verts[2], verts[1], 6, Index, points, texVerts); } Backface function (since this is the inside of the cube): void quadInv( const point4& a, const point4& b, const point4& c, const point4& d , int& Index, point4* points, vec3* texVerts) { quad( a, d, c, b, Index, points, texVerts, a.to_3(), b.to_3(), c.to_3(), d.to_3()); } And the quad drawing function: void quad( const point4& a, const point4& b, const point4& c, const point4& d, int& Index, point4* points, vec3* texVerts, const vec3& tex_a, const vec3& tex_b, const vec3& tex_c, const vec3& tex_d) { texVerts[Index] = tex_a.normalized(); points[Index] = a; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_b.normalized(); points[Index] = b; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_c.normalized(); points[Index] = c; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_a.normalized(); points[Index] = a; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_c.normalized(); points[Index] = c; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_d.normalized(); points[Index] = d; Index++; } Edit: I forgot to mention, in the image, the camera is pointed directly at the back face of the cube. You can kind of see the diagonals leading out of the corners, if you squint.

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