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• Reloading Resources on Resume

  - by Siddharth

  I'm having a problem with my game. If I press the "Home button" the game is paused... everythings fine, but if I then go back to the game all the resources are reloaded before I can continue the game. And it takes quite a bit. Is this normal, or is there a way to avoid the reloading? I have write following code in onResume and onPause method. It loads same texture again and again on resume of game. @Override protected void onPause() { super.onPause(); if (Utility.flagSound && mScene != null) { if (mScene.getUserData().equals(Constants.GAME_SCENE)) Utility.isPlayLevelMusic = false; else Utility.isPlayLevelMusic = true; audioManager.gameBgMusic.pause(); audioManager.levelBgMusic.pause(); } if (this.mEngine != null && this.mEngine.isRunning()) { this.mEngine.stop(); } } @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); if (audioManager != null && Utility.flagSound && dataManager != null) { if (Utility.flagSound) { if (Utility.isPlayLevelMusic) audioManager.levelBgMusic.play(); else audioManager.gameBgMusic.play(); } } if (this.mEngine != null && !this.mEngine.isRunning()) { this.mEngine.start(); } } I would be glad if anybody could help...

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• Simplest way to render image over top of another with another image used as mask in OpenGL?

  - by Adam Naylor

  The effect I'm looking for is to have a single large background image that is always visible (at full alpha) and then show a second image (what I call a light map or specular map) that is partially shown over the top based on a third image (which is effectively a mask). The effect is similar to this effect except instead of simply darkening or lightening the background image using the third image it needs to mask the second without effecting the first at all. The third image is the only one that moves therefore hard baking the third images alpha into the second image isn't an option. If my explanation isn't clear I'll provide visual examples when I have more time. I'd prefer not to go down a shader route as I haven't taught myself this area yet so unless I have too I'd rather try to achieve this with simple alpha blending. Happy to use a shader approach. Cheers. Additional These third images are obviously light sources being cast onto the first image showing the specular information from the second image to simulate the light 'shining' off the objects in the first image. The solution I implement will need to allow two light sources to potentially overlap so my current thoughts are that the alpha values of the two images will need to be combined (Added?) to produce a final image which masks the second image? Don't worry about things like coloured lights. For this technique the lights are all considered white.

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• Where to start learning OpenGL with C++?

  - by NERDcustard

  I'm 16 years old and my name is Norbert. I have learnt C++ and made some cool text based games and such but I would love to start graphic's programming. I'm a decent artiest (I will have some of my work bellow) I know the base of C++ but I really would like to get into OpenGL. I need someone to show me some good tutorials for OpenGl with C++ so I can really get into game dev. My goal is to be able to program a simple 2d game by the end of the year and I have lots of time to do so. I'm en-rolled in a game dev next year and really need some help with starting off. http://imgur.com/QZjKX http://imgur.com/3CZy7

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• Stop a rotating object at a specified angle?

  - by Krummelz

  I'm working in JavaScript with HTML5 and the canvas. I have an object which is rotating at a certain speed, and I need the object's rotation to slow down gradually and the front of the object to stop at a specified angle. (I'm using radians, not degrees.) I have a variable to keep track of the angle which the object is facing, as it rotates. How would I go about getting the object to come to rest, facing the direction I want it to?

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• In a state machine, is it a good idea to separate states and transitions?

  - by codablank1

  I have implemented a small state machine in this way (in pseudo code): class Input {} class KeyInput inherits Input { public : enum { Key_A, Key_B, ..., } } class GUIInput inherits Input { public : enum { Button_A, Button_B, ..., } } enum Event { NewGame, Quit, OpenOptions, OpenMenu } class BaseState { String name; Event get_event (Input input); void handle (Event e); //event handling function } class Menu inherits BaseState{...} class InGame inherits BaseState{...} class Options inherits BaseState{...} class StateMachine { public : BaseState get_current_state () { return current_state; } void add_state (String name, BaseState state) { statesMap.insert(name, state);} //raise an exception if state not found BaseState get_state (String name) { return statesMap.find(name); } //raise an exception if state or next_state not found void add_transition (Event event, String state_name, String next_state_name) { BaseState state = get_state(state_name); BaseState next_state = get_state(next_state_name); transitionsMap.insert(pair<event, state>, next_state); } //raise exception if couple not found BaseState get_next_state(Event event, BaseState state) { return transitionsMap.find(pair<event, state>); } void handle(Input input) { Event event = current_state.get_event(input) current_state.handle(event); current_state = get_next_state(event, current_state); } private : BaseState current_state; map<String, BaseState> statesMap; //map of all states in the machine //for each couple event/state, this map stores the next state map<pair<Event, BaseState>, BaseState> transitionsMap; } So, before getting the transition, I need to convert the key input or GUI input to the proper event, given the current state; thus the same key 'W' can launch a new game in the 'Menu' state or moving forward a character in the 'InGame' state; Then I get the next state from the transitionsMap and I update the current state Does this configuration seem valid to you ? Is it a good idea to separate states and transitions ? And I have some kind of trouble to represent a 'null state' or a 'null event'; What initial value can I give to the current state and which one should be returned by get_state if it fails ?

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• User generated content: a basic yet simple to use OR a complex yet powerful solution?

  - by ne5tebiu

  As stated above, which solution is better for a game based on user generated content? The simple solution (in-game editor) is great for gamers without experience in coding and etc. In this way every player could populate the game with content. But the content would be very limited. The complex solution would allow the content to be with almost no limitation but casual gamers probably couldn't make hardly any content at all. If both solutions are used, the quality behind the second solution would be more valuable than the first solution's quantity. However, making a powerful in-game editor could even take more time and manpower than the actual game and every gamer would have to learn how to use the new complex tool, understand it, and master it if he or she wants to make quality content.

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• Incorrect lighting results with deferred rendering

  - by Lasse

  I am trying to render a light-pass to a texture which I will later apply on the scene. But I seem to calculate the light position wrong. I am working on view-space. In the image above, I am outputting the attenuation of a point light which is currently covering the whole screen. The light is at 0,10,0 position, and I transform it to view-space first: Vector4 pos; Vector4 tmp = new Vector4 (light.Position, 1); // Transform light position for shader Vector4.Transform (ref tmp, ref Camera.ViewMatrix, out pos); shader.SendUniform ("LightViewPosition", ref pos); Now to me that does not look as it should. What I think it should look like is that the white area should be on the center of the scene. The camera is at the corner of the scene, and it seems as if the light would move along with the camera. Here's the fragment shader code: void main(){ // default black color vec3 color = vec3(0); // Pixel coordinates on screen without depth vec2 PixelCoordinates = gl_FragCoord.xy / ScreenSize; // Get pixel position using depth from texture vec4 depthtexel = texture( DepthTexture, PixelCoordinates ); float depthSample = unpack_depth(depthtexel); // Get pixel coordinates on camera-space by multiplying the // coordinate on screen-space by inverse projection matrix vec4 world = (ImP * RemapMatrix * vec4(PixelCoordinates, depthSample, 1.0)); // Undo the perspective calculations vec3 pixelPosition = (world.xyz / world.w) * 3; // How far the light should reach from it's point of origin float lightReach = LightColor.a / 2; // Vector in between light and pixel vec3 lightDir = (LightViewPosition.xyz - pixelPosition); float lightDistance = length(lightDir); vec3 lightDirN = normalize(lightDir); // Discard pixels too far from light source //if(lightReach < lightDistance) discard; // Get normal from texture vec3 normal = normalize((texture( NormalTexture, PixelCoordinates ).xyz * 2) - 1); // Half vector between the light direction and eye, used for specular component vec3 halfVector = normalize(lightDirN + normalize(-pixelPosition)); // Dot product of normal and light direction float NdotL = dot(normal, lightDirN); float attenuation = pow(lightReach / lightDistance, LightFalloff); // If pixel is lit by the light if(NdotL > 0) { // I have moved stuff from here to above so I can debug them. // Diffuse light color color += LightColor.rgb * NdotL * attenuation; // Specular light color color += LightColor.xyz * pow(max(dot(halfVector, normal), 0.0), 4.0) * attenuation; } RT0 = vec4(color, 1); //RT0 = vec4(pixelPosition, 1); //RT0 = vec4(depthSample, depthSample, depthSample, 1); //RT0 = vec4(NdotL, NdotL, NdotL, 1); RT0 = vec4(attenuation, attenuation, attenuation, 1); //RT0 = vec4(lightReach, lightReach, lightReach, 1); //RT0 = depthtexel; //RT0 = 100 / vec4(lightDistance, lightDistance, lightDistance, 1); //RT0 = vec4(lightDirN, 1); //RT0 = vec4(halfVector, 1); //RT0 = vec4(LightColor.xyz,1); //RT0 = vec4(LightViewPosition.xyz/100, 1); //RT0 = vec4(LightPosition.xyz, 1); //RT0 = vec4(normal,1); } What am I doing wrong here?

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• Is a Single Texture Cube Map Possible?

  - by smoth190

  I'm currently developing a test project to explore OpenGL 3 texturing abilities. I have a simple cube, made of 8 vertices and 36 indices. I want each of the cubes faces to have a different texture, so I devised this texture: I made it obvious which sections I want visible (I hope...). In Direct3D, I once made a skybox, and I used a cubemap. However, I had to split it into 6 different textures. This is annoying and hard to manage, it would be nice to have just one texture. Is this even possible? I read somewhere that I could do this by duplicating vertices, is that a good idea? Someone else said I could do it in the shader, but that also baffles me...

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• Creating a level editor event system

  - by Vaughan Hilts

  I'm designing a level editor for game, and I'm trying to create sort of an 'event' system so I can chain together things. If anyone has used RPG Maker, I'm trying to do similar to their system. Right now, I have an 'EventTemplate' class and a bunch of sub-classed 'EventNodes' which basically just contain properties of their data. Orginally, the IAction and IExecute interface performed logic but it was moved into a DLL to share between the two projects. Question: How can I abstract logic from data in this case? Is my model wrong? Isn't cast typing expensive to parse these actions all the time? Should I write a 'Processor' class to execute these all? But then these actions that can do all sorts of things need to interact with all sorts of sub-systems.

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• Question about BoundingSpheres and Ray intersections

  - by NDraskovic

  I'm working on a XNA project (not really a game) and I'm having some trouble with picking algorithm. I have a few types of 3D models that I draw to the screen, and one of them is a switch. So I'm trying to make a picking algorithm that would enable the user to click on the switch and that would trigger some other function. The problem is that the BoundingSphere.Intersect() method always returns null as result. This is the code I'm using: In the declaration section: ` //Basic matrices private Matrix world = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(0, 0, 0)); private Matrix view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(new Vector3(10, 10, 10), new Vector3(0, 0, 0), Vector3.UnitY); private Matrix projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(MathHelper.ToRadians(45), 800f / 600f, 0.01f, 100f); //Collision detection variables Viewport mainViewport; List<BoundingSphere> spheres = new List<BoundingSphere>(); Ray ControlRay; Vector3 nearPoint, farPoint, nearPlane, farPlane, direction; ` And then in the Update method: ` nearPlane = new Vector3((float)Mouse.GetState().X, (float)Mouse.GetState().Y, 0.0f); farPlane = new Vector3((float)Mouse.GetState().X, (float)Mouse.GetState().Y, 10.0f); nearPoint = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Unproject(nearPlane, projection, view, world); farPoint = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Unproject(farPlane, projection, view, world); direction = farPoint - nearPoint; direction.Normalize(); ControlRay = new Ray(nearPoint, direction); if (spheres.Count != 0) { for (int i = 0; i < spheres.Count; i++) { if (spheres[i].Intersects(ControlRay) != null) { Window.Title = spheres[i].Center.ToString(); } else { Window.Title = "Empty"; } } ` The "spheres" list gets filled when the 3D object data gets loaded (I read it from a .txt file). For every object marked as switch (I use simple numbers to determine which object is to be drawn), a BoundingSphere is created (center is on the coordinates of the 3D object, and the diameter is always the same), and added to the list. The objects are drawn normally (and spheres.Count is not 0), I can see them on the screen, but the Window title always says "Empty" (of course this is just for testing purposes, I will add the real function when I get positive results) meaning that there is no intersection between the ControlRay and any of the bounding spheres. I think that my basic matrices (world, view and projection) are making some problems, but I cant figure out what. Please help.

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• One True Event Loop

  - by CyberShadow

  Simple programs that collect data from only one system need only one event loop. For example, Windows applications have the message loop, POSIX network programs usually have a select/epoll/etc. loop at their core, pure SDL games use SDL's event loop. But what if you need to collect events from several subsystems? Such as an SDL game which doesn't use SDL_net for networking. I can think of several solutions: Polling (ugh) Put each event loop in its own thread, and: Send messages to the main thread, which collects and processes the events, or Place the event-processing code of each thread in a critical section, so that the threads can wait for events asynchronously but process them synchronously Choose one subsystem for the main event loop, and pass events from other subsystems via that subsystem as custom messages (for example, the Windows message loop and custom messages, or a socket select() loop and passing events via a loopback connection). Option 2.1 is more interesting on platforms where message-passing is a well-developed threading primitive (e.g. in the D programming language), but 2.2 looks like the best option to me.

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• Best way to prevent UIPanGestureRecognizer from firing when moving sprites in cocos2d

  - by cjroebuck

  Im using UIPanGestureRecognizer in my cocos2d game to do drag and drop of sprites. I have a row of sprites and when I drag a sprite on top of another one, the sprite underneath it and any other sprites between should shift left or right out of the way to allow space to drop the currently selected sprite. This is working ok, however, if I am too quick at dragging the sprite around the screen, this triggers another round of the UIPanGestureRecognizer's callback method, and screws up the logic, as the sprites are in-between shifting. I need a way to freeze the callback from firing, whilst the other sprites are shifting, then once they have finished moving, re-enable the callback to fire. Whats the best way to do this?

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• Low complexity shader to indicate the sides of a polyline

  - by Pris

  I have a bunch of polylines that I draw using GL_LINES. They can have thousands of points. They actually represent the separation of land and water on a map. I don't have complete polygons, just the ordered set of points. I'm looking for a neat but efficient way to visually convey Side A and Side B as being different. For example I could offset the polyline in one direction a few times and fade it out (but every offset is doubling the number of points), or offset it once to make a "ribbon" and give one side a 'glow' like effect to mimic the outer glow or shadow of a polygon). This is for a mobile application and I'm using OpenGL ES 2. I'd like to keep the effect as simple as possible from a complexity stand point. I'm looking for some additional ideas; maybe there's a clever shader technique out there or a visual effect I haven't considered.

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• Water Simulation in LIBGDX [on hold]

  - by Noah Huppert

  I am doing some R&D for a game and am now tackling the topic of water. The goal Make water that can flow. Aka you can have an origin point that water shoots out from or a downhill slope. Make it so water splashes, so when an object hits the water there is a splash. Aka: Actual physics water sim. The current way I know how to do it I know how to create a shader that makes an object look like its water by making waves. Combined with that you can check to see if an object is colliding and apply an upwards force to simulate buoyancy. What is wrong with that way The water does not flow No splashes Possible solutions Have particles that are fairly large that interact with each other to simulate water Possible drawbacks Performance. Question: Is there a better way to do water or is using particles as described the only way?

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• How to create a reasonably sized urban area manually but efficiently

  - by Overv

  I have a game concept that only really works in an urban area that is of reasonable scale and diversity. In terms of what it should look like, think GTA, in terms of the size think more like a small neighbourhood with residents and a few local shops, perhaps a supermarket. I'm mostly experienced in programming and not at all with modelling, texturing or drawing, but I've found that SketchUp allows me to design interesting looking buildings that I model after real world buildings in my own neighbourhood. Designing these buildings and other objects can take from a few tens of minutes to a few hours. My question is: what is the best approach for a one man army like me who does manage to model buildings to create an interesting city environment in a reasonable amount of time? My game will not be based on procedural generation, the environment will actually be modelled like GTA cities.

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• XNA Shader Texture Memory

  - by Alex

  I was wondering about texture optimization in XNA 4.0. Will the the contentmanager send the texturedata to the GPU directly when the texture gets loaded or do I send the texture data to the GPU when I declare a texture in my shader. If that's the case, what happens if I have 5 shaders all using the same texture, does that mean that I send 5 instances of that texture data to the gpu or am I simply telling the GPU what preloaded texture to use? Or does XNA do the heavy lifting in the background?

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• HLSL: Pack 4 values into 32 bit float.

  - by TheBigO

  I can't find any useful information on packing 4 values into a 32 bit float in HLSL. Ideally, what I want to be able to do in HLSL is: float4 values = ... // Some values where each component is between 0 and 1. float packedValues = pack32R(values); float4 values2 = unpack32R(packedValues); I realize that there will be precision limitations, and performance tradeoffs between different precisions in different methods. I'm just wondering what ideas are out there.

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• I'm looking to learn how to apply traditional animation techniques to my graphics engine - are there any tutorials or online-resources that can help?

  - by blueberryfields

  There are many traditional animation techniques - such as blurring of motion, motion along an elliptical curve rather than a straight line, counter-motion before beginning of movement - which help with creating the appearance of a realistic 3D animated character. I'm looking to incorporate tools and short cuts for some of these into my graphics engine, to make it easier for my end users to use these techniques in their animations. Is there a good resource listing the techniques and the principles behind them, especially how they might apply to a graphics engine or 3D animation?

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• List of Open Source Java Games for Android

  - by BluFire

  I'm wondering if there are any more opensource games than the ones that you can plainly see when you search a list of open source games for android on google. Such as, is there a good website that has compiled open source games? I don't want an answer of "go google it" or "en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open_source_Android_applications" it gets really annoying on posts when people just give lazy answers.

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• Licensing Theme Music from other games

  - by HS01

  As part of my game, I thought it would be fun to make a hidden level that pays tribute to Mario Bros (one of the earliest games I ever played). It would be themed in that way with 8-bit graphics and question mark blocks and completing the level would say "Thank you but the princess is in another castle" or such. For the sound track, I'm thinking of just overlaying the standard mario theme music by playing it on a virtual keyboard using a different instrument/timing or something. My question is, am I legally safe? I'm not using anyone else's actual music, I'm just playing the same tune in a different way myself. Do I have to get licensing for this?

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• Bouncing ball slowing down over time

  - by user46610

  I use the unreal engine 4 to bounce a ball off of walls in a 2D space, but over time the ball gets slower and slower. Movement happens in the tick function of the ball FVector location = GetActorLocation(); location.X += this->Velocity.X * DeltaSeconds; location.Y += this->Velocity.Y * DeltaSeconds; SetActorLocation(location, true); When a wall gets hit I get a Hit Event with the normal of the collision. This is how I calculate the new velocity of the ball: FVector2D V = this->Velocity; FVector2D N = FVector2D(HitNormal.X, HitNormal.Y); FVector2D newVelocity = -2 * (V.X * N.X + V.Y * N.Y) * N + V; this->Velocity = newVelocity; Over time, the more the ball bounced around, the velocity gets smaller and smaller. How do I prevent speed loss when bouncing off walls like that? It's supposed to be a perfect bounce without friction or anything.

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• CCUserDefault, iOS/Android and game updates

  - by Luke

  My game uses cocos2d-x and will be published on iOS platform first, later on Android. I save a lot of things with CCUserDefault (scores, which level was completed, number of coins taken, etc...). But now I have a big doubt. What will happen when the game will receive its first update? CCUserDefault uses an XML file stored somewhere in the app storage space. This file is created and retained until one uninstalls the app. I am wondering what happens when the app is updated. Will the old XML file be maintained? Because if not, how should I handle app updates (updates in the sense that 2, 3 or more new level packages will be added, but the informations about the old ones, like scores, which level was finished and which not, number of coins, etc., need absolutely not to be lost)?

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• How do they keep track of the NPCs in Left 4 Dead?

  - by f20k

  How do they keep track of the NPC zombies in Left 4 Dead? I am talking about the NPCs that just walk into walls or wander around aimlessly. Even though the players cannot see them, they are there (say inside rooms or behind doors). Let's say there's about 10 or so zombies in a hallway and inside rooms. Does the game keep all of those zombies in a list and iterate through giving them commands? Do they just spawn when the user is within a certain radius or reached a special location? Say you placed the 4 units (controlled by players) on completely different places throughout the map. Let's assume you aren't being swarmed and then you have not killed any of these aimless NPCs. Would the game be keeping track of 10 x 4 = 40 zombies in total? Or is my understanding completely off? The reason I ask is if I were to implement something similar on a mobile device, keeping track of 40 or more NPCs might not be such a great idea.

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• Directx and Open Libraries list? [closed]

  - by OVERTONE

  I've just been looking for comparissons between open and proprietary frameworks and libraries. More so just to get an idea of what exists than how they compare. For example: We have DirectX (graphics) and its open counterpart OpenGL DirectX (sound) and OpenAL But there are other DirectX libraries that I can't find open alternatives to such as DirectInput DXGI Direct2D DirectWrite Doe's anyone have any list's or Comparisons between Directx and their open counterparts?

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• How to implement a game launch counter in LibGDX

  - by Vishal Kumar

  I'm writing a game using LibGDX in which I want to save the number of launches of a game in a text file. So, In the create() of my starter class, I have the following code ..but it's not working public class MainStarter extends Game { private int count; @Override public void create() { // Set up the application AppSettings.setUp(); if(SettingsManager.isFirstLaunch()){ SettingsManager.createTextFileInLocalStorage("gamedata"); SettingsManager.writeLine("gamedata", "Launched:"+count ,FileType.LOCAL_FILE ); } else{ SettingsManager.writeLine("gamedata", "Not First launch :"+count++ ,FileType.LOCAL_FILE ); } // // Load assets before setting the screen // ##################################### Assets.loadAll(); // Set the tests screen setScreen(new MainMenuScreen(this, "Main Menu")); } } What is the proper way to do this?

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