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• Are project managers useful in Scrum?

  - by Martin Wickman

  There are three roles defined in Scrum: Team, Product Owner and Scrum Master. There is no project manager, instead the project manager job is spread across the three roles. For instance: The Scrum Master: Responsible for the process. Removes impediments. The Product Owner: Manages and prioritizes the list of work to be done to maximize ROI. Represents all interested parties (customers, stakeholders). The Team: Self manage its work by estimating and distributing it among themselves. Responsible for meeting their own commitments. So in Scrum, there is no longer a single person responsible for project success. There is no command-and-control structure in place. That seems to baffle a lot of people, specifically those not used to agile methods, and of course, PM's. I'm really interested in this and what your experiences are, as I think this is one of the things that can make or break a Scrum implementation. Do you agree with Scrum that a project manager is not needed? Do you think such a role is still required? Why?

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• Array Multiplication and Division

  - by Narfanator

  I came across a question that (eventually) landed me wondering about array arithmetic. I'm thinking specifically in Ruby, but I think the concepts are language independent. So, addition and subtraction are defined, in Ruby, as such: [1,6,8,3,6] + [5,6,7] == [1,6,8,3,6,5,6,7] # All the elements of the first, then all the elements of the second [1,6,8,3,6] - [5,6,7] == [1,8,3] # From the first, remove anything found in the second and array * scalar is defined: [1,2,3] * 2 == [1,2,3,1,2,3] But What, conceptually, should the following be? None of these are (as far as I can find) defined: Array x Array: [1,2,3] * [1,2,3] #=> ? Array / Scalar: [1,2,3,4,5] / 2 #=> ? Array / Scalar: [1,2,3,4,5] % 2 #=> ? Array / Array: [1,2,3,4,5] / [1,2] #=> ? Array / Array: [1,2,3,4,5] % [1,2] #=> ? I've found some mathematical descriptions of these operations for set theory, but I couldn't really follow them, and sets don't have duplicates (arrays do). Edit: Note, I do not mean vector (matrix) arithmetic, which is completely defined. Edit2: If this is the wrong stack exchange, tell me which is the right one and I'll move it. Edit 3: Add mod operators to the list. Edit 4: I figure array / scalar is derivable from array * scalar: a * b = c => a = b / c [1,2,3] * 3 = [1,2,3]+[1,2,3]+[1,2,3] = [1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3] => [1,2,3] = [1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3] / 3 Which, given that programmer's division ignore the remained and has modulus: [1,2,3,4,5] / 2 = [[1,2], [3,4]] [1,2,3,4,5] % 2 = [5] Except that these are pretty clearly non-reversible operations (not that modulus ever is), which is non-ideal. Edit: I asked a question over on Math that led me to Multisets. I think maybe extensible arrays are "multisets", but I'm not sure yet.

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• Vim key mappings / plugin XCode?

  - by Daniel Upton

  I'm a developer who mostly does web stuff in ruby and C#.. I'd like to start tinkering with iOS and Mac development, Over the last few month i've been trying to get fluent in one set of key bindings (vi / vim because it just feels right).. I have the awesome ViEmu installed for visual studio on windows which gives me a ton of the vim awesomeness side by side with visual studio power toys.. Is there anything like this for xcode? I know i could set up MacVim as the default editor but i'm not too interested in this as it means losing all of xcode's cocoa awareness.. The other option of course would be to go for the lowest common denominator and switch to emacs (as the mac keybindings are based massively on emacs) but lets not think about that for too long. :P

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• Functional Methods on Collections

  - by GlenPeterson

  I'm learning Scala and am a little bewildered by all the methods (higher-order functions) available on the collections. Which ones produce more results than the original collection, which ones produce less, and which are most appropriate for a given problem? Though I'm studying Scala, I think this would pertain to most modern functional languages (Clojure, Haskell) and also to Java 8 which introduces these methods on Java collections. Specifically, right now I'm wondering about map with filter vs. fold/reduce. I was delighted that using foldRight() can yield the same result as a map(...).filter(...) with only one traversal of the underlying collection. But a friend pointed out that foldRight() may force sequential processing while map() is friendlier to being processed by multiple processors in parallel. Maybe this is why mapReduce() is so popular? More generally, I'm still sometimes surprised when I chain several of these methods together to get back a List(List()) or to pass a List(List()) and get back just a List(). For instance, when would I use: collection.map(a => a.map(b => ...)) vs. collection.map(a => ...).map(b => ...) The for/yield command does nothing to help this confusion. Am I asking about the difference between a "fold" and "unfold" operation? Am I trying to jam too many questions into one? I think there may be an underlying concept that, if I understood it, might answer all these questions, or at least tie the answers together.

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• What is the etiquette in negotiating payment for a software development job

  - by EpsilonVector

  The reason I'm taking a general business question and localize it to software development is that I'm curious as to whether there are certain trends/etiquette/nuances that are typical to our industry. For example, I can imagine two different attitudes employers may generally have to payment negotiations: 1) we'll give you the best offer so we can't really be flexible about it because we already pretty much gave you everything we can give you, or 2) we'll give him an average offer and give in to a better one if forced to. If you try to play hard ball in the first attitude it'll probably cost you the job because you ask for more than they can give you, however if you don't insist on better payment in the second one you'll get a worse offer. In short, when applying to a typical job in our industry what are the typical attitudes from employers on the offers they give, what is the correct way to ask for a better payment, do these things differ between different types of companies (for example startups vs well entrenched companies), and how do these things differ between different kinds of applicants (graduate vs student)?

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• What are the consequences of immutable classes with references to mutable classes?

  - by glenviewjeff

  I've recently begun adopting the best practice of designing my classes to be immutable per Effective Java [Bloch2008]. I have a series of interrelated questions about degrees of mutability and their consequences. I have run into situations where a (Java) class I implemented is only "internally immutable" because it uses references to other mutable classes. In this case, the class under development appears from the external environment to have state. Do any of the benefits (see below) of immutable classes hold true even by only "internally immutable" classes? Is there an accepted term for the aforementioned "internal mutability"? Wikipedia's immutable object page uses the unsourced term "deep immutability" to describe an object whose references are also immutable. Is the distinction between mutability and side-effect-ness/state important? Josh Bloch lists the following benefits of immutable classes: are simple to construct, test, and use are automatically thread-safe and have no synchronization issues do not need a copy constructor do not need an implementation of clone allow hashCode to use lazy initialization, and to cache its return value do not need to be copied defensively when used as a field make good Map keys and Set elements (these objects must not change state while in the collection) have their class invariant established once upon construction, and it never needs to be checked again always have "failure atomicity" (a term used by Joshua Bloch) : if an immutable object throws an exception, it's never left in an undesirable or indeterminate state

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• Constructor vs setter validations

  - by Jimmy

  I have the following class : public class Project { private int id; private String name; public Project(int id, String name, Date creationDate, int fps, List<String> frames) { if(name == null ){ throw new NullPointerException("Name can't be null"); } if(id == 0 ){ throw new IllegalArgumentException("id can't be zero"); } this.name = name; this.id = id; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } } I have three questions: Do I use the class setters instead of setting the fields directly. One of the reason that I set it directly, is that in the code the setters are not final and they could be overridden. If the right way is to set it directly and I want to make sure that the name filed is not null always. Should I provide two checks, one in the constructor and one in the setter. I read in effective java that I should use NullPointerException for null parameters. Should I use IllegalArgumentException for other checks, like id in the example.

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• iPhone App Store Release Question!

  - by Ahmad Kayyali

  I am developing an Application its purpose to view uploaded files on the host server, and it has a credentials that will be entered on the Login Page to authenticate the user. My Question! when I post my application to the App Store how suppose apple is going to test or at least view my application when Apple needs enter a valid credentials that I am not suppose to know, it's private to my client. Any guide would be greatly appreciated.

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• how to learn ios game development using swift.. good starting point?

  - by hamobi

  I've published a simple app on the app store using objective-c. That was a good learning experience but I never grew to love the language. Later on I jumped into learning cocos2d in order to begin developing a game.. but objective-c always seemed really cumbersome to write. Eventually I put my project aside. Now that swift has come out.. It has made me think about developing games again.. I know that xcode has some project types geared towards game development, but since I'm a beginner in this area I really need some hand holding (books / tutorials) to get started. Cocos2d seems like its really stuck in that objective-c world. What's the best way for a beginner to learn game development using swift?

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• Design review for application facing memory issues

  - by Mr Moose

  I apologise in advance for the length of this post, but I want to paint an accurate picture of the problems my app is facing and then pose some questions below; I am trying to address some self inflicted design pain that is now leading to my application crashing due to out of memory errors. An abridged description of the problem domain is as follows; The application takes in a “dataset” that consists of numerous text files containing related data An individual text file within the dataset usually contains approx 20 “headers” that contain metadata about the data it contains. It also contains a large tab delimited section containing data that is related to data in one of the other text files contained within the dataset. The number of columns per file is very variable from 2 to 256+ columns. The original application was written to allow users to load a dataset, map certain columns of each of the files which basically indicating key information on the files to show how they are related as well as identify a few expected column names. Once this is done, a validation process takes place to enforce various rules and ensure that all the relationships between the files are valid. Once that is done, the data is imported into a SQL Server database. The database design is an EAV (Entity-Attribute-Value) model used to cater for the variable columns per file. I know EAV has its detractors, but in this case, I feel it was a reasonable choice given the disparate data and variable number of columns submitted in each dataset. The memory problem Given the fact the combined size of all text files was at most about 5 megs, and in an effort to reduce the database transaction time, it was decided to read ALL the data from files into memory and then perform the following; perform all the validation whilst the data was in memory relate it using an object model Start DB transaction and write the key columns row by row, noting the Id of the written row (all tables in the database utilise identity columns), then the Id of the newly written row is applied to all related data Once all related data had been updated with the key information to which it relates, these records are written using SqlBulkCopy. Due to our EAV model, we essentially have; x columns by y rows to write, where x can by 256+ and rows are often into the tens of thousands. Once all the data is written without error (can take several minutes for large datasets), Commit the transaction. The problem now comes from the fact we are now receiving individual files containing over 30 megs of data. In a dataset, we can receive any number of files. We’ve started seen datasets of around 100 megs coming in and I expect it is only going to get bigger from here on in. With files of this size, data can’t even be read into memory without the app falling over, let alone be validated and imported. I anticipate having to modify large chunks of the code to allow validation to occur by parsing files line by line and am not exactly decided on how to handle the import and transactions. Potential improvements I’ve wondered about using GUIDs to relate the data rather than relying on identity fields. This would allow data to be related prior to writing to the database. This would certainly increase the storage required though. Especially in an EAV design. Would you think this is a reasonable thing to try, or do I simply persist with identity fields (natural keys can’t be trusted to be unique across all submitters). Use of staging tables to get data into the database and only performing the transaction to copy data from staging area to actual destination tables. Questions For systems like this that import large quantities of data, how to you go about keeping transactions small. I’ve kept them as small as possible in the current design, but they are still active for several minutes and write hundreds of thousands of records in one transaction. Is there a better solution? The tab delimited data section is read into a DataTable to be viewed in a grid. I don’t need the full functionality of a DataTable, so I suspect it is overkill. Is there anyway to turn off various features of DataTables to make them more lightweight? Are there any other obvious things you would do in this situation to minimise the memory footprint of the application described above? Thanks for your kind attention.

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• Adding page title to each page while creating a PDF file using itextsharp in VB.NET

  - by Snowy

  I have recently started using itextsharp and gradually learning it. So far I created a PDF file and it seems great. I have added a table and some subtables as the first table cells to hold data. It is done using two for loops. The first one loops through all data and the second one is each individual data displayed in columns. The html outcome looks like the following: <table> <tr> <td>Page title in center</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table> <tr> <td>FirstPersonName</td> <td>Rank1</td> <td>info1a</td> <td>infob</td> <td>infoc</td> </tr> </table> </td> <td> <table> <tr> <td>SecondPersonName</td> <td>Rank2</td> <td>info1a</td> <td>infob</td> <td>infoc</td> <td>infod</td> <td>infoe</td> </tr> </table> </td> <td> <table> <tr> <td>ThirdPersonName</td> <td>Rank2</td> <td>info1a</td> <td>infob</td> <td>infoc</td> <td>infod</td> <td>infoe</td> <td>infof</td> <td>infog</td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> For page headings, I added a cell at the top before any other cells. I need to add this heading to all pages. Depending on the size of data, some pages have two rows and some pages have three rows of data. So I can not tell exactly when the new page starts to add the heading/title. My question is how to add the heading/title to all pages. I use VB.net. I searched for answer online and had no success. Your help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Why should you document code?

  - by Edwin Tripp

  I am a graduate software developer for a financial company that uses an old COBOL-like language/flat-file record storage system. The code is completely undocumented, both code comments and overall system design and there is no help on the web (unused outside the industry). The current developers have been working on the system for between 10 and 30 years and are adamant that documentation is unnecessary as you can just read the code to work out what's going on and that you can't trust comments. Why should such a system be documented?

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• How to represent a tree structure in NoSQL

  - by Vlad Nicula

  I'm new to NoSQL and have been playing around with a personal project on the MEAN stack (Mongo ExpressJs AngularJs NodeJs). I'm building a document editor of sorts that manages nodes of data. Each document is actually a tree. I have a CRUD api for documents, to create new trees and a CRUD api for nodes in a given document. Right now the documents are represented as a collection that holds everything, including nodes. The children parent relationship is done by ids. So the nodes are an map by id, and each node has references to what nodes are their children. I chose this "flat" approach because it is easier to get a node by id from a document. Being used to having a relation table between nodes and documents, a relation table between nodes and children nodes I find it a bit weird that I have to save the entire "nodes" map each time I update a node. Is there a better way to represent such a data type in NoSQL?

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• what is best book to learn optimized programming in java [closed]

  - by Abhishek Simon

  Possible Duplicate: Is there a canonical book for learning Java as an experienced developer? Let me elaborate a little: I used to be a C/C++ programmer where I used data structure concept like trees, queues stack etc and tried to optimize as much as possible, minimum no. of loops, variables and tried to make it efficient. It's been a couple of years that I started writing java codes, but it is simply not that efficient in terms of performance, memory intensive etc. To the point: I want to enter programming challenges using java so I need to improve my approach at things I program. So please suggest me some books that can help me learn to program better and have a chance in solving challenges in programming.

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• Approached to build app centered around new API and suddenly API is abandoned

  - by LuxuryMode

  This isn't a huge deal, but I was approached by colleagues/friends to build an app using their new API. There was some potential for pecuniary gain for me depending on app usage. I spent a considerable amount of time polishing the mobile app, based on my assumption that, having been approached in a serious way, that the company would not suddenly shift focus and abandon the API. I wasn't even given so much as a heads up that the API was dead even though I had an app in production that relied on it... For the most part, building the app was a learning experience which I enjoyed, but I don't think I'd have expended all the effort if I knew that the company wasn't as serious about the API as their reaching out to me clearly indicated. How, if at all, would you react?

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• Salaries in reverse engineering fields [closed]

  - by John

  I bumped into an old friend at a conference and he told me he was now a consultant doing reverse engineering. I don't have much knowledge of this particular area, but this person (that I can't manage to get in touch with now) just casually mentioned that he was earning big bucks. I was hoping someone at SO may know of the salary range that a skilled and experienced employee/freelancer may earn in this area? I can't find much information on the web - small area maybe? I dunno. Any help would be appreciated.

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• Issuse with multiple student result printing request

  - by dotman14

  I'm not really sure about how to ask this question but i'll try my best to make it clear enough. I have a Student Result Application where by students result are managed, over several academic sessions, all having two semesters each. During each semester students take different courses and have results based on the semester. The application is done now and i'm using a PDF Libaray to crop the final result page to hand over to the students each semester. If a student request a particular semester result it's a straight forward issue and there are no complications when it comes to printing out the result. My issue is this: in a case where a student requests to have a combination of semesters...say 3rd year rain semester , 4th year rain semester and 5th year hamattarn semester. Please how can i handle this issue? Does the user picks these options at the user interface level or there's a special way to handle issues like this? Also, if i'm to display these multiple student result how could this be be done, knowing fully well that i'll have to print the different result seperately. Hopefully i've being able to make my situation clear enough. Thanks for your time and patience. Expecting your comments and answers. Thanks.

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• What do you do when you encounter an idiotic interview question?

  - by Senthil

  I was interviewing with a "too proud of my java skills"-looking person. He asked me "What is your knowledge on Java IO classes.. say.. hash maps?" He asked me to write a piece of java code on paper - instantiate a class and call one of the instance's methods. When I was done, he said my program wouldn't run. After 5 minutes of serious thinking, I gave up and asked why. He said I didn't write a main function so it wouldn't run. ON PAPER. [I am too furious to continue with the stupidity...] Believe me it wasn't trick questions or a psychic or anger management evaluation thing. I can tell from his face, he was proud of these questions. That "developer" was supposed to "judge" the candidates. I can think of several things: Hit him with a chair (which I so desperately wanted to) and walk out. Simply walk out. Ridicule him saying he didn't make sense. Politely let him know that he didn't make sense and go on to try and answer the questions. Don't tell him anything, but simply go on to try and answer the questions. So far, I have tried just 4 and 5. It hasn't helped. Unfortunately many candidates seem to do the same and remain polite but this lets these kind of "developers" just keep ascending up the corporate ladder, gradually getting the capacity to pi** off more and more people. How do you handle these interviewers without bursting your veins? What is the proper way to handle this, yet maintain your reputation if other potential employers were to ever get to know what happened here? Is there anything you can do or should you even try to fix this? P.S. Let me admit that my anger has been amplified many times by the facts: He was smiling like you wouldn't believe. I got so many (20 or so) calls from that company the day before, asking me to come to the interview, that I couldn't do any work that day. I wasted a paid day off.

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• Eclipse vs. Aptana

  - by RPK

  I know that Eclipse is a universal IDE and variety of plugins are available to scale it. What is the difference between: The original Eclipse IDE, Aptana and NetBeans. I looked into Wikipedia and came to know that the latter two originate from the main Eclipse. For Aptana specially, what was the need to reproduce a new variant that resembles too much with its base IDE? If your preferred choice is Eclipse itself, what makes it unique as compared to the other two.

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• Social Analytics in your current data

  - by Dan McGrath

  By now everyone is aware of the massive boom in social-networking (Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn) and obviously a big part of its business model revolves around being able to mine this data to create information that can be used to make money for someone. Gartner has identified 'Social Analytics' as one of the top 10 strategic technologies for 2011. Has anyone looked at their existing data structures to determine if they could extract a social graph and then perform further data mining against this? How does it fit in with your other strategic development strategies? What information are you trying to extract from the data? Take for example, a bank. They could conceivably determine a social graph through account relationships and transactions. Obviously there would be open edges on the graph where funds enter/leave the institute, but that shouldn't detract from the usefulness of the data. I'm looking for actual examples with the answers, as well as why/how they did it. References to other sites will be greatly appreciated. Note: I'm not at all referring to mining data out of actual social networks.

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• Are short identifiers bad?

  - by Daniel C. Sobral

  Are short identifiers bad? How does identifier length correlate with code comprehension? What other factors (besides code comprehension) might be of consideration when it comes to naming identifiers? Just to try to keep the quality of the answers up, please note that there is some research on the subject already! Edit Curious that everyone either doesn't think length is relevant or tend to prefer larger identifiers, when both links I provided indicate large identifiers are harmful!

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• When should I make the first commit to source control?

  - by Kendall Frey

  I'm never sure when a project is far enough along to first commit to source control. I tend to put off committing until the project is 'framework-complete' and primarily commit features from then on. (I haven't done any personal projects large enough to have a core framework too big for this.) I have a feeling this isn't best practice, though I'm not sure what all could go wrong. Let's say, for example, I have a project which consists of a single code file. It will take about 10 lines of boilerplate code, and 100 lines to get the project working with extremely basic functionality (1 or 2 features). Should I first check in: The empty file? The boilerplate code? The first features? At some other point? Also, what are the reasons to check in at a specific point?

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• Prevent Eclipse Java Builder from Compiling Java-Like Source

  - by redjamjar

  I'm in the process of writing an eclipse plugin for my programming language Whiley (see http://whiley.org). The plugin is working reasonably well, although there's lots to do. Two pieces of the jigsaw are: I've created a "Whiley Builder" by subclassing incremental project builder. This handles building and cleaning of "*.whiley" files. I've created a content-type called "Whiley Source Files" for "*.whiley" files, which extends "org.eclipse.jdt.core.javaSource" (this follows Andrew Eisenberg suggestion). The advantage of having the content-type extend javaSource is that it immediately fits into the package explorer, etc. In principle, I could fleshout ICompilationUnit to provide more useful info, although I haven't done that yet. The disadvantage is that the Java builder is trying to compile my whiley files ... and it obviously can't. Originally, I had the Java Builder run first, then the Whiley builder. Superficially, this actually worked out quite well since all of the errors from the Java Builder were discarded by the Whiley Builder (for whiley files). However, I actually want the Whiley Builder to run first, as this is the best way for me to resolve dependencies between Java and Whiley files. Which leads me to my question: can I stop the Java builder from trying to compile certain java-like resources? Specifically, in my case, those with the "*.whiley" extension. As an alternative, I was wondering whether my Whiley Builder could somehow update the resource delta to remove those files which it has dealt with. Thoughts?

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• How to choose a job? [closed]

  - by Aadi Droid

  When given multiple opportunities from various software giants, as a fresher out of school how should one decide which company to go for? Just as an example I have offers from two companies, won't name them but the two biggest dream companies for any SDE. While one company offers tremendous learning opportunites and and a good pay but coupled with really bad employee support and perks. While the other offers a relaxed work environment where learning happens by choice, with a slightly lower pay but amazing employee facilities and perks. Assuming the fresher has a plan to go for his masters degree in two years what are the most important things he should be looking at?

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• Knowledge Transfer without a Plan

  - by Kanini

  Hello...We are doing work for a particular client managing their CRM implementation. (The CRM itself is a product which has been largely customized to suit my client's needs). Now, they want us to manage the Oracle batch jobs/ETL as well. And for this, they are ready to provide us with Knowledge Transfer. (The Oracle batch jobs/ETL is managed in-house by the client now). After much persuasion, I got one of the Project Lead (designation-wise) to email the client asking for a KT Plan. (The Project Lead kept saying that they have never had KT plans before and all that for which I offered I will draft a template and even that was rejected!). Email from us to them - Can you please share with us the KT Plan? Response from them - Not sure what is expected from my side? The KT is planned for tomorrow from 11 am onwards where Functional knowledge of existing ETL Data migration package will be shared. How do you handle such a client? Most likely what is going to happen is this. The person who is giving the KT will say that I have given complete Knowledge Transfer and we will go back and say that "No, this was not covered. For this, they provided an overview alone and left it at that!" and so on... My Project Lead also did not respond to that email. He just said that the meeting is scheduled to happen at 11 AM (basically repeating whatever the email said and left for the day!). What could I possibly do? PS: Look for another job is a very helpful answer, but I am not looking for it. :-)

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