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• Why PHP Function Naming so Inconsistent?

  - by Shamim Hafiz

  I was going through some PHP functions and I could not help notice the following: <?php function foo(&$var) { } foo($a); // $a is "created" and assigned to null $b = array(); foo($b['b']); var_dump(array_key_exists('b', $b)); // bool(true) $c = new StdClass; foo($c->d); var_dump(property_exists($c, 'd')); // bool(true) ?> Notice the array_key_exists() and property_exists() function. In the first one, the property name(key for an array) is the first parameter while in the second one it is the second parameter. By intuition, one would expect them to have similar signature. This can lead to confusion and the development time may be wasted by making corrections of this type. Shouldn't PHP, or any language for that matter, consider making the signatures of related functions consistent?

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• mysql join with multiple values in one column

  - by CYREX

  I need to make a query that creates 3 columns that come from 2 tables which have the following relations: TABLE 1 has Column ID that relates to TABLE 2 with column ID2 In TABLE 1 there is a column called user In TABLE 2 there is a column called names There can be 1 unique user but there can be many names associated to that user. If i do the following i get all data BUT the user column repeats itself for each name it has associated. What i want is for use to appear unique but the names columns appear with all the names associated to the user column but separated by commas, like the following: select user,names from TABLE1 left join TABLE2 on TABLE1.id = TABLE2.id This will show the users repeated everytime a name appears for that user. what i want is to appear like this: USER - NAMES cyrex - pedrox, rambo, zelda homeboy - carmen, carlos, tom, sandra jerry - seinfeld, christine ninja - soloboy etc....

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• Why has C prevailed over Pascal?

  - by Konrad Morawski

  My understanding is that in the 1980s and perhaps in the 1990s, too - Pascal and C were pretty much head-to-head as production languages. Is the ultimate demise of Pascal only due to Borland's neglection of Delphi? Or was there more of such bad luck; or perhaps something inherently wrong with Pascal (any hopes for its revival?). I hope it's not an open, unanswerable question. I'm interested in historical facts and observations one can back up, rather than likes and dislikes. I also failed to find a duplicate question, which actually surprised me somewhat.

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• What are graphs in laymen's terms

  - by Justin984

  What are graphs, in computer science, and what are they used for? In laymen's terms preferably. I have read the definition on Wikipedia: In computer science, a graph is an abstract data type that is meant to implement the graph and hypergraph concepts from mathematics. A graph data structure consists of a finite (and possibly mutable) set of ordered pairs, called edges or arcs, of certain entities called nodes or vertices. As in mathematics, an edge (x,y) is said to point or go from x to y. The nodes may be part of the graph structure, or may be external entities represented by integer indices or references. but I'm looking for a less formal, easier to understand definition.

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• I want to sell my software [C# desktop application] but I was Stuck in licencing [closed]

  - by Surendra Soni

  Possible Duplicate: if I use .NET Framework for my application, do I have to pay anything to Microsoft? I have developed a desktop application called "Institute Management System" which has modules like Class manager, Subject manager, Topics manager, Student inquiry manager Student admission manager, Fees manager, Exam manager etc. using C# for the front end and MS Access for the back end. The main problem is that I want to sell it and earn some money but I heard that my application needs to be registered at Microsoft, and I would have to get a license from them for selling, and have to pay them money too. I have spent four months developing it at my own expense, and worked very hard to develop it. So I want some tips, advice, any suggestion for the same. Please also tell me the procedure for all of the required registrations and payment issues. And I also want to ask you if you Can you suggest any other technology where I develop my application and sell it without worrying about licencing and related issues? I am now more confused about that "MS technology is open source or not? "

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• JSP Include: one large bean or bean for each include

  - by shylynx

  I want to refactor a webapp that consists of very distorted JSPs and servlets. Because we can't switch to a web framework easily we have to keep JSPs and Servlets, and now we are in doubt how to include pages into another and how to setup the use:bean-directives effectively. At the first step we want to decouple the code for the core-actions and the bean-creation into servlets. The servlets should forward to their corresponding pages, which should use the bean. The problem here is, that each jsp consists of different sub- and sub-sub-jsp that are included into another. Here is a shortend extract (because reality is more complex): head header top navigation actionspanel main header actionspanel foot footer Moreover each jsp (also the header and footer) use dynamic data. For example title and actionspanel can change on each page-reload or do have links and labels that depend on the processing by the preceding servlet. I know that jsp-include-directives should only be used for static content und should be avoided for dynamic content. But here we have very large pages, that consist of many parts. Now the core questions: Should I use one big bean for each page, so that each bean holds also data for header and footer beside its core data, so that each subsequent included jsp uses the same bean-directive? For example: DirectoryJSP <- DirectoryBean CompareJSP <- CompareBean Or should I use one bean for each jsp, so that each bean only holds the data for one jsp and its own purpose. For example: DirectoryJSP <- DirectoryBean HeaderJSP <- HeaderBean FooterJSP <- FooterBean CompareJSP <- CompareBean HeaderJSP <- HeaderBean FooterJSP <- FooterBean In the second case: should the subsequent beans be a member of the corresponding parent bean, so that only the parent bean is attached as attribute to the request? Or should each bean attached to the request?

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• Strategy for managing lots of pictures for a website

  - by Nate

  I'm starting a new website that will (hopefully) have a lot of user generated pictures. I'm trying to figure out the best way to store and serve these pictures. The CMS I'm using (umbraco) has a media library that puts a folder on the server for each image. Inside of there you can have different sizes of that same image. That folder has an ID on it and the database has additional information for that image along with the ID of the folder. This works great for small sites, but what if the pictures get up to 10,000, 100,000 or 1,000,000? It seems like the lookup on the directory would take a long time to find the correct folder. I'm on windows 2008 if that makes a difference. I'm not so worried about load. I can load balance my server pretty easily and replicate the images across the servers. The nature of the site won't have a lot of users on it either, but it could have a lot of pics. Thanks. -Nate EDIT After some thought I think I'm going to create a directory for each user under a root image folder then have user's pictures under that. I would be pretty stoked if I had even 5,000 users, so that shouldn't be too bad of a linear lookup. If it does get slow I will break it down into folders like /media/a/adam/image123.png. If it ever gets really big I will expand the above method to build a bigger tree. That would take a LOT of content though.

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• Should certain math classes be required for a Computer Science degree?

  - by sunpech

  For a Computer Science degree at many colleges and universities, certain math courses are required: Calculus, Linear Algebra, and Discrete Mathematics are few examples. However, since I've started working in the real world as a software developer, I have yet to truly use the knowledge I had at once acquired from taking those classes. My question is: Should these math classes be required to obtain a computer science degree? Or would they better served as electives? A Slashdot post: CS Profs Debate Role of Math In CS Education

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• Making a C# w/ WPF multiple frame text / pseudo-calendar GUI application [closed]

  - by Gregor Samsa

  I am editing a recently asked question and making it specific, taking the advice of some people here. I would like to program of the following simple form: The user can produce X number of resizable frames (analogous to HTML frames). Each frame serves as a simple text editor, which you can type into and save the whole configuration including resized windows and text. The user should be able alternately "freeze" and present the information, and "unfreeze" and edit frames. I want to use C## with WPF, in Microsoft's Visual C#. I do not yet know this language. I am sure I can pick up the syntax, but I would like to ask about some general advice for how to structure such a program. I have never made a GUI program, let alone one that interfaces with a notepad or some basic text editor. Can someone either direct me to a good resource that will teach me how to do the above? Or outline the basic ingredients that such a program will require, keeping in mind that though I know some C and Python, I have no experience with GUIs or advanced programming generally? In particular I don't know how to incorporate this "text editor" aspect of the program, as well as the resizable frames I would greatly appreciate any help.

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• Should I add parameters to instance methods that use those instance fields as parameters?

  - by john smith optional

  I have an instance method that uses instance fields in its work. I can leave the method without that parameters as they're available to me, or I can add them to the parameter list, thus making my method more "generic" and not reliable on the class. On the other hand, additional parameters will be in parameters list. Which approach is preferable and why? Edit: at the moment I don't know if my method will be public or private. Edit2: clarification: both method and fields are instance level.

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• Benefits and features of different requirements-management systems and tools available?

  - by Gnark

  I am looking for a good comparision of different available professionial requirement managment tools. I am especially interested in the the features available within the different software solutions. Additionally to the "obvious" features I am looking for a proffesional Requirement Management System that supports for: multi-lingual customizable generation of documentation & history (graphs) search features (e.g. fulltext for comments), ordering, priorities version history bi-directional traceability of changes, artefacts, requirements, changes in requirements, etc. Any kind of integration of V-Model XT would be a really-nice-to-have-feature... Besides, I'd like to hear any personal motivated recommendations and/or experiences with different requirement management systems. Any input is highly appreciated. content consulted : similar question reqm tool with v-model nice, but too old paper (pdf) Tools Journal

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• Benefits and features of different requirements-management systems and tools available?

  - by DevDevDave

  I am looking for a good comparision of different available professional requirement management tools. I am especially interested in the the features available within the different software solutions. Additionally to the "obvious" features I am looking for a proffesional Requirement Management System that supports for: multi-lingual customizable generation of documentation & history (graphs) search features (e.g. fulltext for comments), ordering, priorities version history bi-directional traceability of changes, artefacts, requirements, changes in requirements, etc. Any kind of integration of V-Model XT would be a really-nice-to-have-feature. Besides, I'd like to hear any personal motivated recommendations and/or experiences with different requirement management systems. Any input is highly appreciated. Content consulted: similar question reqm tool with v-model ToolsJournal.com nice, but too old paper (pdf)

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• What is the best policy for allowing clients to change email?

  - by Steve Konves

  We are developing a web application with a fairly standard registration process which requires a client/user to verify their email address before they are allowed to use the site. The site also allows users to change their email address after verification (with a re-type email field, as well). What are the pros and cons of having the user re-verify their email. Is this even needed? EDIT: Summary of answers and comments below: "Over-verification annoys people, so don't use it unless critical Use a "re-type email" field to prevent typos Beware of overwriting known good data with potentially good data Send email to old for notification; to new for verification Don't assume that the user still has access to the old email Identify impact of incorrect email if account is compromised

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• Should I be an algorithm developer, or java web frameworks type developer?

  - by Derek

  So - as I see it, there are really two kinds of developers. Those that do frameworks, web services, pretty-making front ends, etc etc. Then there are developers that write the algorithms that solve the problem. That is, unless the problem is "display this raw data in some meaningful way." In that case, the framework/web developer guy might be doing both jobs. So my basic problem is this. I have been an algorithms kind of software developer for a few years now. I double majored in Math and Computer science, and I have a master's in systems engineering. I have never done any web-dev work, with the exception of a couple minor jobs, and some hobby level stuff. I have been job interviewing lately, and this is what happens: Job is listed as "programmer- 5 years of experience with the following: C/C++, Java,Perl, Ruby, ant, blah blah blah" Recruiter calls me, says they want me to come in for interview In the interview, find out they have some webservices development, blah blah blah When asked in the interview, talk about my experience doing algorithms, optimization, blah blah..but very willing to learn new languages, frameworks, etc Get a call back saying "we didn't think you were a fit for the job you interviewed wtih, but our algorithm team got wind of you and wants to bring you on" This has happened to me a couple times now - see a vague-ish job description looking for a "programmer" Go in, find out they are doing some sort of web-based tool, maybe with some hardcore algorithms running in the background. interview with people for the web-based tool, but get an offer from the algorithms people. So the question is - which job is the better job? I basically just want to get a wide berth of experience at this level of my career, but are algorithm developers so much in demand? Even more so than all these supposed hot in demand web developer guys? Will I be ok in the long run if I go into the niche of math based algorithm development, and just little to no, or hobby level web-dev experience? I basically just don't want to pigeon hole myself this early. My salary is already starting to get pretty high - and I can see a company later on saying "we really need a web developer, but we'll hire this 50k/year college guy, instead of this 100k/year experience algorithm guy" Cliffs notes: I have been doing algorithm development. I consider myself to be a "good programmer." I would have no problem picking up web technologies and those sorts of frameworks. During job interviews, I keep getting "we think you've got a good skillset - talk to our algorithm team" instead of wanting me to learn new skills on the job to do their web services or whhatever other new technology they are doing. Edit: Whenever I am talking about algorithm development here - I am talking about the code that produces the answer. Typically I think of more math-based algorithms: solving a financial problem, solving a finite element method, image processing, etc

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• C++ difference between "char *" and "char * = new char[]"

  - by nashmaniac

  So, if I want to declare an array of characters I can go this way char a[2]; char * a ; char * a = new char[2]; Ignoring the first declaration, the other two use pointers. As far as I know the third declaration is stored in heap and is freed using the delete operator . does the second declaration also hold the array in heap ? Does it mean that if something is stored in heap and not freed can be used anywhere in a file like a variable with file linkage ? I tried both third and second declaration in one function and then using the variable in another but it didn't work, why ? Are there any other differences between the second and third declarations ?

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• Is it a good idea to create shared UI library that would render natively on different platforms?

  - by Maciej Donajski

  I am designing an application that has following flow: User designs a form using web application (J2EE backend application) The form is sent to mobile device (Android) Mobile device User fills out the form designed in 1. Results are synced with backend. One of my ideas is to create a common java UI library for creating the type of forms that I need. This library would also have a native renderers for different platforms (Web and Android would be implemented first). The whole point of it is to have a native experience on web and android side. Are there any existing solutions to meet the requirements that I have? Is it a good approach to achieve them?

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• Is comparing an OO compiler to a SQL compiler/optimizer valid?

  - by Brad

  I'm now doing a lot of SQL development at my new job where as before I was doing Object Oriented desktop app stuff. I keep running across very large scripts (thousands of lines) and wanting to refactor in some way. I am seeing that SQL is a different sort of beast and it's probably fine to have these big scripts for the most part but while explaining this to me people are also insisting that the whole idea of refactoring is bad. That stuff like the .NET compiler are actually burdened by refactored code and that a big wall of code is more efficient and better design than code designed for reuse, readability and scalability. The other argument is that OO compilers are almost dangerously inefficient and don't have efficient memory management or runs too many CPU instructions compared to older "simpler" compilers and compared to SQL. Are these valid complaints? Even if some compiler like a C compiler is modestly more "efficient" (whatever that means on this high of a level without seeing code) would you want to write applications in C over C# or Java? Is comparing an OO compiler to a SQL compiler/optimizer even valid?

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• Storing lots of large strings with frequent "appends" and few reads

  - by Thiago Moraes

  In my current project, I need to store a very long ASCII string to each instance of a given object. This string will receive an 2 appends per minute and will not be retrieved so frequently. The worst case scenario is a 5-10MB string. I'll have thousands of instances of my object and I'm worried that storing all those strings in the filesystem would not be optimal, but I can't think of a better solution. Can anyone suggest an alternative? Maybe a key-value store? In this case, which one? Any other thoughts?

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• How do you do ASP.Net performance testing?

  - by John

  Our team is in need of a performance testing process. We use ASP.Net (both web forms and MVC) and performance testing is not currently built into our projects. We occasionally do some ad-hoc analysis, such as checking the load on the server or SQL Server Profiler, but we don't have a true beginning to end, built into the project performance testing methodology. Where is a good place to start? I'm interested in both: Process - General knowledge, including best practices. Essential list of tools. I'm aware of a few tools, such as what's built into the pricier versions of VS 2010 and JetBrains products, though I haven't used them.

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• Developing an internet-enabled application as a Kiosk on Windows 7

  - by maple_shaft

  I am finalizing development of a desktop Java application that communicates with an outside web server, and now I need to start seriously considering deployment. This application will run on a large touchscreen all-in-one workstation running Windows 7. It will be located in a public-area and thus must be LOCKED-DOWN Hanibal Lecter style. Early in the project nobody really concerned themselves with this fact just assuming that we can buy some magical software for Windows 7 that will automatically take care of all this, however I am finding now that this looks to be a LOT more complicated than my manager ever thought. I need to: - Lock down the standard hot-keys (ALT+TAB, ALT+CTRL+DEL, etc...) Prevent the user from opening ANY programs other than the kiosk application and its spawned executables Prevent the user from closing the application Start the kiosk application on startup (this can be done without kiosk software) Auto-login to Windows on reboot (Windows Updates, power failure, bratty kid pressing the power button, etc...) Administrator passcode escape sequence for routine maintenance by desktop support professionals. To my dismay I am having a really hard time finding software that contains the whole package and am finding numerous swaths of competing information on the best way to do this. I am not necessarily looking for free or open source software and am willing to pay for software that can help me achieve this. Have any of you ever wrote kiosk software before and if so what approaches have you taken to do this?

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• Clean way to use mutable implementation of Immutable interfaces for encapsulation

  - by dsollen

  My code is working on some compost relationship which creates a tree structure, class A has many children of type B, which has many children of type C etc. The lowest level class, call it bar, also points to a connected bar class. This effectively makes nearly every object in my domain inter-connected. Immutable objects would be problematic due to the expense of rebuilding almost all of my domain to make a single change to one class. I chose to go with an interface approach. Every object has an Immutable interface which only publishes the getter methods. I have controller objects which constructs the domain objects and thus has reference to the full objects, thus capable of calling the setter methods; but only ever publishes the immutable interface. Any change requested will go through the controller. So something like this: public interface ImmutableFoo{ public Bar getBar(); public Location getLocation(); } public class Foo implements ImmutableFoo{ private Bar bar; private Location location; @Override public Bar getBar(){ return Bar; } public void setBar(Bar bar){ this.bar=bar; } @Override public Location getLocation(){ return Location; } } public class Controller{ Private Map<Location, Foo> fooMap; public ImmutableFoo addBar(Bar bar){ Foo foo=fooMap.get(bar.getLocation()); if(foo!=null) foo.addBar(bar); return foo; } } I felt the basic approach seems sensible, however, when I speak to others they always seem to have trouble envisioning what I'm describing, which leaves me concerned that I may have a larger design issue then I'm aware of. Is it problematic to have domain objects so tightly coupled, or to use the quasi-mutable approach to modifying them? Assuming that the design approach itself isn't inherently flawed the particular discussion which left me wondering about my approach had to do with the presence of business logic in the domain objects. Currently I have my setter methods in the mutable objects do error checking and all other logic required to verify and make a change to the object. It was suggested that this should be pulled out into a service class, which applies all the business logic, to simplify my domain objects. I understand the advantage in mocking/testing and general separation of logic into two classes. However, with a service method/object It seems I loose some of the advantage of polymorphism, I can't override a base class to add in new error checking or business logic. It seems, if my polymorphic classes were complicated enough, I would end up with a service method that has to check a dozen flags to decide what error checking and business logic applies. So, for example, if I wanted to have a childFoo which also had a size field which should be compared to bar before adding par my current approach would look something like this. public class Foo implements ImmutableFoo{ public void addBar(Bar bar){ if(!getLocation().equals(bar.getLocation()) throw new LocationException(); this.bar=bar; } } public interface ImmutableChildFoo extends ImmutableFoo{ public int getSize(); } public ChildFoo extends Foo implements ImmutableChildFoo{ private int size; @Override public int getSize(){ return size; } @Override public void addBar(Bar bar){ if(getSize()<bar.getSize()){ throw new LocationException(); super.addBar(bar); } My colleague was suggesting instead having a service object that looks something like this (over simplified, the 'service' object would likely be more complex). public interface ImmutableFoo{ ///original interface, presumably used in other methods public Location getLocation(); public boolean isChildFoo(); } public interface ImmutableSizedFoo implements ImmutableFoo{ public int getSize(); } public class Foo implements ImmutableSizedFoo{ public Bar bar; @Override public void addBar(Bar bar){ this.bar=bar; } @Override public int getSize(){ //default size if no size is known return 0; } @Override public boolean isChildFoo return false; } } public ChildFoo extends Foo{ private int size; @Override public int getSize(){ return size; } @Override public boolean isChildFoo(); return true; } } public class Controller{ Private Map<Location, Foo> fooMap; public ImmutableSizedFoo addBar(Bar bar){ Foo foo=fooMap.get(bar.getLocation()); service.addBarToFoo(foo, bar); returned foo; } public class Service{ public static void addBarToFoo(Foo foo, Bar bar){ if(foo==null) return; if(!foo.getLocation().equals(bar.getLocation())) throw new LocationException(); if(foo.isChildFoo() && foo.getSize()<bar.getSize()) throw new LocationException(); foo.setBar(bar); } } } Is the recommended approach of using services and inversion of control inherently superior, or superior in certain cases, to overriding methods directly? If so is there a good way to go with the service approach while not loosing the power of polymorphism to override some of the behavior?

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• Any good, easy to learn from books or tutorials for learning assembly? [on hold]

  - by pythonian29033

  I've been a developer since 2009 and I've learnt a lot of languages since, but I've always wanted to understand and be able to code in the lowest level language so I can directly (or at least very close to directly) speak to machines through my code. There was a point in time when someone showed me how to do an if statement in assembly, but out of all the books that I got, I could never really understand where/how to start learning to code in assembler. any help please? I'm obsessed with learning this! PS: if you have any software suggestions, I use ubuntu and am looking to convert to backtrack soon, so it would be preferred if you could give me something that'll be easily installed on debian linux, otherwise don't sweat it, give me the name of the windows software and I'll find an equivalent myself

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• Your experience with haxe and other languages that compile to PHP?

  - by Kim

  I would like to hear oppinions from people who have used a language that compiles to php. One such language I know is Haxe. Other ones I've read about are Kira and Pharen. How well do these languages integrate with PHP? Is it relatively easy to write a plugin for a PHP CMS in them? How mature are their implementations and tools? Would you recommend them to someone who has to use a php cms but hates php?

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• What is the *correct* term for a program that makes use of multiple hardware processor cores?

  - by Ryan Thompson

  I want to say that my program is capable of splitting some work across multiple CPU cores on a single system. What is the simple term for this? It's not multi-threaded, because that doesn't automatically imply that the threads run in parallel. It's not multi-process, because multiprocessing seems to be a property of a computer system, not a program. "capable of parallel operation" seems too wordy, and with all the confusion of terminology, I'm not even sure if it's accurate. So is there a simple term for this?

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• What programming languages have you taught your children?

  - by Dubmun

  I'm a C# developer by trade but have had exposure to many languages (including Java, C++, and multiple scripting languages) over the course of my education and career. Since I code in the MS world for work I am most familiar with their stack and so I was excited when Small Basic was announced. I immediately started teaching my oldest to program in it but felt that something was missing from the experience. Being able to look up every command with the IDE's intellisense seemed to take something from the experience. Sure, it was easy to grasp but I found myself thinking that a little more challenge might be in order. I'm looking for something better and I would like to hear your experiences with teaching your children to program in whatever language you have chosen to do so in. What did you like and dislike? How fast did they pick it up? Were they challenged? Frustrated? Thank you very much!

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