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  • For 2D games, is there any reason NOT to use a 3D API like Direct3D or OpenGL?

    - by Eric Palakovich Carr
    I've been out of hobby Game Development for quite a while now. Back when I did it, most people used Direct Draw to create 2D games. By the time I stopped people were saying OpenGL or Direct3D with an orthogonal projection is just the way to go. I'm thinking about getting back into creating 2D games, in particular on mobile phone but maybe on the XNA platform as well. To make something using OpenGL I'd have a (hopefullly) small learning curve to acclimate myself to 3D development. Is there any reason to skip that and instead work with a 2D framework where I just have a Width x Height frame buffer I need to fill with pixels?

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  • Fixed-Function vs Shaders: Which for beginner?

    - by Rob Hays
    I'm currently going to college for computer science. Although I do plan on utilizing an existing engine at some point to create a small game, my aim right now is towards learning the fundamentals: namely, 3D programming. I've already done some research regarding the choice between DirectX and OpenGL, and the general sentiment that came out of that was that whether you choose OpenGL or DirectX as your training-wheels platform, a lot of the knowledge is transferrable to the other platform. Therefore, since OpenGL is supported by more systems (probably a silly reason to choose what to learn), I decided that I'm going to learn OpenGL first. After I made this decision to learn OpenGL, I did some more research and found out about a dichotomy that I was somewhere unaware of all this time: fixed-function OpenGL vs. modern programmable shader-based OpenGL. At first, I thought it was an obvious choice that I should choose to learn shader-based OpenGL since that's what's most commonly used in the industry today. However, I then stumbled upon the very popular Learning Modern 3D Graphics Programming by Jason L. McKesson, located here: http://www.arcsynthesis.org/gltut/ I read through the introductory bits, and in the "About This Book" section, the author states: "First, much of what is learned with this approach must be inevitably abandoned when the user encounters a graphics problem that must be solved with programmability. Programmability wipes out almost all of the fixed function pipeline, so the knowledge does not easily transfer." yet at the same time also makes the case that fixed-functionality provides an easier, more immediate learning curve for beginners by stating: "It is generally considered easiest to teach neophyte graphics programmers using the fixed function pipeline." Naturally, you can see why I might be conflicted about which paradigm to learn: Do I spend a lot of time learning (and then later unlearning) the ways of fixed-functionality, or do I choose to start out with shaders? My primary concern is that modern programmable shaders somehow require the programmer to already understand the fixed-function pipeline, but I doubt that's the case. TL;DR == As an aspiring game graphics programmer, is it in my best interest to learn 3D programming through fixed-functionality or modern shader-based programming?

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  • Intel GMA 965 M - OpenGL missing

    - by pestaa
    I have a Lenovo 3000 N200 notebook with integrated GMA 965 VGA, using Windows 7. All my drivers are up to date, downloaded directly from the vendor site, installed with administrative privileges, etc. Yet, all OpenGL applications cannot render the interface (or any visuals). Examples are Blender (3D modeling software) and Babo Violent (top-down FPS). All the controls, sound effects and music are live, but the screen is black or light gray, respectively. What can one do?

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  • OpenGL render vs. own Phong Illumination Implementation

    - by Myx
    Hello: I have implemented a Phong Illumination Scheme using a camera that's centered at (0,0,0) and looking directly at the sphere primitive. The following are the relevant contents of the scene file that is used to view the scene using OpenGL as well as to render the scene using my own implementation: ambient 0 1 0 dir_light 1 1 1 -3 -4 -5 # A red sphere with 0.5 green ambiance, centered at (0,0,0) with radius 1 material 0 0.5 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 0 sphere 0 0 0 0 1 The resulting image produced by OpenGL. The image that my rendering application produces. As you can see, there are various differences between the two: The specular highlight on my image is smaller than the one in OpenGL. The diffuse surface seems to not diffuse in the correct way, resulting in the yellow region to be unneccessarily large in my image, whereas in OpenGL there's a nice dark green region closer to the bottom of the sphere The color produced by OpenGL is much darker than the one in my image. Those are the most prominent three differences that I see. The following is my implementation of the Phong illumination: R3Rgb Phong(R3Scene *scene, R3Ray *ray, R3Intersection *intersection) { R3Rgb radiance; if(intersection->hit == 0) { radiance = scene->background; return radiance; } R3Vector normal = intersection->normal; R3Rgb Kd = intersection->node->material->kd; R3Rgb Ks = intersection->node->material->ks; // obtain ambient term R3Rgb intensity_ambient = intersection->node->material->ka*scene->ambient; // obtain emissive term R3Rgb intensity_emission = intersection->node->material->emission; // for each light in the scene, obtain calculate the diffuse and specular terms R3Rgb intensity_diffuse(0,0,0,1); R3Rgb intensity_specular(0,0,0,1); for(unsigned int i = 0; i < scene->lights.size(); i++) { R3Light *light = scene->Light(i); R3Rgb light_color = LightIntensity(scene->Light(i), intersection->position); R3Vector light_vector = -LightDirection(scene->Light(i), intersection->position); // calculate diffuse reflection intensity_diffuse += Kd*normal.Dot(light_vector)*light_color; // calculate specular reflection R3Vector reflection_vector = 2.*normal.Dot(light_vector)*normal-light_vector; reflection_vector.Normalize(); R3Vector viewing_vector = ray->Start() - intersection->position; viewing_vector.Normalize(); double n = intersection->node->material->shininess; intensity_specular += Ks*pow(max(0.,viewing_vector.Dot(reflection_vector)),n)*light_color; } radiance = intensity_emission+intensity_ambient+intensity_diffuse+intensity_specular; return radiance; } Here are the related LightIntensity(...) and LightDirection(...) functions: R3Vector LightDirection(R3Light *light, R3Point position) { R3Vector light_direction; switch(light->type) { case R3_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT: light_direction = light->direction; break; case R3_POINT_LIGHT: light_direction = position-light->position; break; case R3_SPOT_LIGHT: light_direction = position-light->position; break; } light_direction.Normalize(); return light_direction; } R3Rgb LightIntensity(R3Light *light, R3Point position) { R3Rgb light_intensity; double distance; double denominator; if(light->type != R3_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT) { distance = (position-light->position).Length(); denominator = light->constant_attenuation + light->linear_attenuation*distance + light->quadratic_attenuation*distance*distance; } switch(light->type) { case R3_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT: light_intensity = light->color; break; case R3_POINT_LIGHT: light_intensity = light->color/denominator; break; case R3_SPOT_LIGHT: R3Vector from_light_to_point = position - light->position; light_intensity = light->color*( pow(light->direction.Dot(from_light_to_point), light->angle_attenuation)); break; } return light_intensity; } I would greatly appreciate any suggestions as to any implementation errors that are apparent. I am wondering if the differences could be occurring simply because of the gamma values used for display by OpenGL and the default gamma value for my display. I also know that OpenGL (or at least tha parts that I was provided) can't cast shadows on objects. Not that this is relevant for the point in question, but it just leads me to wonder if it's simply display and capability differences between OpenGL and what I am trying to do. Thank you for your help.

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  • Quartz2d vector images vs OpenGL vector description?

    - by tbarbe
    How big of a difference is the description language of Quartz2d to OpenGL ES? It seems they are similar in description power... except that Quartz is mostly 2d and that OpenGL is out of the box 3d ( but can be made 2d focused ). Are the mappings from 2dQuartz to 2d OpenGL ES that different? Im sure there must be differences in some specific features that might be handled differently on one vs another... but to do a translator? Anyone have experience with both OpenGL and Quartz2d have some insights?

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  • OpenGL particle system

    - by allan
    I'm really new with OpenGL, so bear with me. I'm trying to simulate a particle system using OpenGl but I can't get it to work, this is what I have so far: #include <GL/glut.h> int main (int argc, char **argv){ // data allocation, various non opengl stuff ............ glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DOUBLE ); glutInitWindowPosition(100,100); glutInitWindowSize(size, size); glPointSize (4); glutCreateWindow("test gl"); ............ // initial state, not opengl ............ glViewport(0,0,size,size); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutIdleFunc(compute); glutMainLoop(); } void compute (void) { // change state not opengl glutPostRedisplay(); } void display (void) { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glBegin(GL_POINTS); for(i = 0; i<nparticles; i++) { // two types of particles if (TYPE(particle[i]) == 1) glColor3f(1,0,0); else glColor3f(0,0,1); glVertex2f(X(particle[i]),Y(particle[i])); } glEnd(); glFlush(); glutSwapBuffers(); } I get a black window after a couple of seconds (the window has just the title bar before that). Where do I go wrong? Any help would be very much appreciated. Thanks. LE: the x and y coordinates of each particle are within the interval (0,size)

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  • OpenGL Calls Lock/Freeze

    - by Necrolis
    I am using some dell workstations(running WinXP Pro SP 2 & DeepFreeze) for development, but something was recenlty loaded onto these machines that prevents any opengl call(the call locks) from completing(and I know the code works as I have tested it on 'clean' machines, I also tested with simple opengl apps generated by dev-cpp, which will also lock on the dell machines). I have tried to debug my own apps to see where exactly the gl calls freeze, but there is some global system hook on ZwQueryInformationProcess that messes up calls to ZwQueryInformationThread(used by ExitThread), preventing me from debugging at all(it causes the debugger, OllyDBG, to go into an access violation reporting loop or the program to crash if the exception is passed along). the hook: ntdll.ZwQueryInformationProcess 7C90D7E0 B8 9A000000 MOV EAX,9A 7C90D7E5 BA 0003FE7F MOV EDX,7FFE0300 7C90D7EA FF12 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[EDX] 7C90D7EC - E9 0F28448D JMP 09D50000 7C90D7F1 9B WAIT 7C90D7F2 0000 ADD BYTE PTR DS:[EAX],AL 7C90D7F4 00BA 0003FE7F ADD BYTE PTR DS:[EDX+7FFE0300],BH 7C90D7FA FF12 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[EDX] 7C90D7FC C2 1400 RETN 14 7C90D7FF 90 NOP ntdll.ZwQueryInformationToken 7C90D800 B8 9C000000 MOV EAX,9C the messed up function + call: ntdll.ZwQueryInformationThread 7C90D7F0 8D9B 000000BA LEA EBX,DWORD PTR DS:[EBX+BA000000] 7C90D7F6 0003 ADD BYTE PTR DS:[EBX],AL 7C90D7F8 FE ??? ; Unknown command 7C90D7F9 7F FF JG SHORT ntdll.7C90D7FA 7C90D7FB 12C2 ADC AL,DL 7C90D7FD 14 00 ADC AL,0 7C90D7FF 90 NOP ntdll.ZwQueryInformationToken 7C90D800 B8 9C000000 MOV EAX,9C So firstly, anyone know what if anything would lead to OpenGL calls cause an infinite lock,and if there are any ways around it? and what would be creating such a hook in kernal memory ? Update: After some more fiddling, I have discovered a few more kernal hooks, a lot of them are used to nullify data returned by system information calls(such as the remote debugging port), I also managed to find out the what ever is doing this is using madchook.dll(by madshi) to do this, this dll is also injected into every running process(these seem to be some anti debugging code). Also, on the OpenGL side, it seems Direct X is fine/unaffected(I ran one of the DX 9 demo's without problems), so could one of these kernal hooks somehow affect OpenGL?

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  • OpenGL: Textured Primitives + High Framerate

    - by James D
    Short version: What's the best practice going forward for efficiently rendering large numbers of independent texture-mapped, lighted 2D/3D primitives (circles, rects, etc.) in OpenGL? For example: a typical particle system using billboarded quads/triangles, point sprites, or whatever other technique, with blending. Because after reading this thread on the messiness of OpenGL versioning/deprecation I'm starting to have my doubts. My specific question is not the ABCs of displaying primitives in OpenGL, but rather how to do so efficiently in post-deprecation (or pre-deprecation) OpenGL, in a way that's going to be compatible with a wide range of commodity hardware and in a way that's not going to break or itself get deprecated, five years down the line. Thanks!

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  • Where are run the Opengl commands?

    - by Lucas
    Hi, i'm programming a simple OpenGL program on a multi-core computer that has a GPU. The GPU is a simple GeForce with PhysX, CUDA and OpenGL 2.1 support. When i run this program, is the host CPU that executes OpenGL specific commands or the ones are directly transferred to the GPU ???

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  • Checking OpenGL resource leaks

    - by kamziro
    So I have a rather large openGL program going, and checking for normal memory leaks (those by new and delete) is rather trivial -- just run it on valgrind. But what is the best way to check for potential opengl leaks? Is there an opengl utility that'll tell you how many resources (e.g framebuffers) are being used at the time, or such? Or is the only way to attach a counter to every glGenBlah and glDeleteBlah pairs?

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  • Fullscreen texture iPhone OpenGL ES

    - by Ben Reeves
    I'm aware that OpenGL textures on the the iphone are required to be a power of 2, is this true of OpenGL 2.0 as well? If I have an image that is 320 x 480 in size and want to draw it full screen is there any possible way to do this with OpenGL. Thanks

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  • OpenGL and layouts

    - by Hnefi
    I'm using OpenGL to render a game view in my android application. The game is turn based and I wish to add some buttons to the interface. I'd prefer to use standard Android widgets, structured in an XML-generated layout (or, if I have to, a hardcoded layout) and put the OpenGL view in its own window as part of that layout. So in regards to this, I have 3 questions: 1: Is such a thing possible? I've done a few half-hearted tries, but have had no luck so far. 2: Is such a thing advisable? Does it carry a significant performance penalty, for example, over using OpenGL-based homebrew widgetry? 3: Is it possible to pass particular arguments to instances created in XML layouts? For example, my current OpenGL view has three arguments in its constructor; is it somehow possible for me to invoke that particular constructor with particular parameters when it's part of a layout?

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  • Android runs OpenGL ES 1.1 or 1.0?

    - by cjserio
    I'm developing a native app for Android and I'm trying to use functions such as glIsEnabled which appear to be only available in OpenGL ES 1.1. Google's docs claim that NDK 1.6R1 supports OpenGL ES v1.1 but the function call fails with "unimplemented Open GL ES API" and if i do a glGetString(GL_VERSION) it returns "OpenGL ES 1.0 CM" as the version. So if 1.1 is available, what do I have to link against to get it or what else do i need to change to get it?

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  • What is the best way to debug OpenGL?

    - by dreamlax
    I find that a lot of the time, OpenGL will show you it failed by not drawing anything. I'm trying to find ways to debug OpenGL programs, by inspecting the transformation matrix stack and so on. What is the best way to debug OpenGL? If the code looks and feels like the vertices are in the right place, how can you be sure they are?

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  • OpenGL multiple threads, variable handling [closed]

    - by toeplitz
    I have written an OpenGL program which runs in the following way: Main: - Initialize SDL - Create thread which has the OpenGL context: - Renderloop - Set camera (view) matrix with glUniform. - glDrawElements() .... etc. - Swapbuffers(); - Main SDL loop handling input events and such. - Update camera matrix of type glm::mat4. This is how I pass my camera object to the class that handles opengl. Camera *cam = new Camera(); gl.setCam(cam); where void setCam(Camera *camera) { this->camera = camera; } For rendering in the opengl context thread, this happens: glm::mat4 modelView = camera->view * model; glUniformMatrix4fv(shader->bindUniform("modelView"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(modelView)); In the main program where my SDL and other things are handles I then recompute the view matrix. This his working fine without me using any mutex locks. Is this correct? On the other hand, I add objects to my scene by an "upload queue" and in this case I have to mutex lock my upload queue vector (vector class type) when adding items to it or else the program crashes. In summary: I recompute my matrix in a different thread and then use it in the opengl thread without any mutex lock. Why is this working? Edit: I think my question is similar to what was asked here: Should I lock a variable in one thread if I only need it's value in other threads, and why does it work if I don't?, only in my case it is even more simple with only one matrix being changed.

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  • Want to display a 3D model on the iPhone: how to get started?

    - by JeremyReimer
    I want to display and rotate a single 3D model, preferably textured, on the iPhone. Doesn't have to zoom in and out, or have a background, or anything. I have the following: an iPhone a MacBook the iPhone SDK Blender My knowledge base: I can make 3D models in various 3D programs (I'm most comfortable with 3D Studio Max, which I once took a course on, but I've used others) General knowledge of procedural programming from years ago (QuickBasic - I'm old!) Beginner's knowledge of object-oriented programming from going through simple Java and C# tutorials (Head Start C# book and my wife's intro to OOP course that used Java) I have managed to display a 3D textured model and spin it using a tutorial in C# I got off the net (I didn't just copy and paste, I understand basically how it works) and the XNA game development library, using Visual Studio on Windows. What I do not know: Much about Objective C Anything about OpenGL or OpenGL ES, which the iPhone apparently uses Anything about XCode My main problem is that I don't know where to start! All the iPhone books I found seem to be about creating GUI applications, not OpenGL apps. I found an OpenGL book but I don't know how much, if any, applies to iPhone development. And I find the Objective C syntax somewhat confusing, with the weird nested method naming, things like "id" that don't make sense, and the scary thought that I have to do manual memory management. Where is the best place to start? I couldn't find any tutorials for this sort of thing, but maybe my Google-Fu is weak. Or maybe I should start with learning Objective C? I know of books like Aaron Hillgrass', but I've also read that they are outdated and much of the sample code doesn't work on the iPhone SDK, plus it seems geared towards the Model-View-Controller paradigm which doesn't seem that suited for 3D apps. Basically I'm confused about what my first steps should be.

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  • Making a full-screen animation on Android? Should I use OPENGL?

    - by Roger Travis
    Say I need to make several full-screen animation that would consist of about 500+ frames each, similar to the TalkingTom app ( https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.outfit7.talkingtom2free ). Animation should be playing at a reasonable speed - supposedly not less, then 20fps - and pictures should be of a reasonable quality, not overly compressed. What method do you think should I use? So far I tried: storing each frame as a compressed JPEG before animation starts, loading each frame into a byteArray as the animation plays, decode corresponding byteArray into a bitmap and draw it on a surface view. Problem - speed is too low, usually about 5-10 FPS. I have thought of two other options. turning all animations into one movie file... but I guess there might be problems with starting, pausing and seeking to the exactly right frame... what do you think? another option I thought about was using OPENGL ( while I never worked with it before ), to play animation frame by frame. What do you think, would opengl be able to handle it? Thanks!

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  • How do I draw a point sprite using OpenGL ES on Android?

    - by nbolton
    Edit: I'm using the GL enum, which is incorrect since it's not part of OpenGL ES (see my answer). I should have used GL10, GL11 or GL20 instead. Here's a few snippets of what I have so far... void create() { renderer = new ImmediateModeRenderer(); tiles = Gdx.graphics.newTexture( Gdx.files.getFileHandle("res/tiles2.png", FileType.Internal), TextureFilter.MipMap, TextureFilter.Linear, TextureWrap.ClampToEdge, TextureWrap.ClampToEdge); } void render() { Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0.6f, 0.7f, 0.9f, 1); } void renderSprite() { int handle = tiles.getTextureObjectHandle(); Gdx.gl.glBindTexture(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, handle); Gdx.gl.glEnable(GL.GL_POINT_SPRITE); Gdx.gl11.glTexEnvi(GL.GL_POINT_SPRITE, GL.GL_COORD_REPLACE, GL.GL_TRUE); renderer.begin(GL.GL_POINTS); renderer.vertex(pos.x, pos.y, pos.z); renderer.end(); } create() is called once when the program starts, and renderSprites() is called for each sprite (so, pos is unique to each sprite) where the sprites are arranged in a sort-of 3D cube. Unfortunately though, this just renders a few white dots... I suppose that the texture isn't being bound which is why I'm getting white dots. Also, when I draw my sprites on anything other than 0 z-axis, they do not appear -- I read that I need to crease my zfar and znear, but I have no idea how to do this using libgdx (perhaps it's because I'm using ortho projection? What do I use instead?). I know that the texture is usable, since I was able to render it using a SpriteBatch, but I guess I'm not using it properly with OpenGL.

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  • Hardware advice for bitmap / openGL image processing server?

    - by pdizz
    I am trying to work out a build for a processing server to handle bitmap processing as well as openGL rendering for chroma-keying images and Photoshop automation. My searches here and on Google have turned up surprisingly few results, and seeing that there aren't tags for bitmap or image processing I take it this is a specialized application. The bitmap processing is very cpu-intensive while the chroma-keying and Photoshop stuff is gpu-intensive. I doubt this is a case of over-optimization as our company batches thousands of images a day (currently on individual workstations) and any saving in processing time and workstation down-time would be beneficial. Does anyone have any experience with this type of processing server? Any special considerations that would go into a build like this or am I over-thinking it?

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  • gnome shell with very high CPU usage

    - by 501 - not implemented
    i'm running ubuntu gnome 13.10 on my dell latiude e6510 with a i5 m560. The I5 comes with a embedded Intel HD 3400 Graphics. The average cpu usage of the gnome-shell is by 160% it's to high, I think. Is there a problem with a driver? If i call the command glxinfo | grep OpenGL it returns: OpenGL vendor string: VMware, Inc. OpenGL renderer string: Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 3.3, 128 bits) OpenGL version string: 2.1 Mesa 9.2.1 OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30 OpenGL extensions: Greetings

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  • how to enable opengl 2.0 and webgl on gma 3150 on ubuntu?

    - by mahmoudelbadry
    hi, i have a dell mini 1012 which an intel n450 processor and gma 3150 integrated graphics card running ubuntu 10.10 according to the intel website the graphics card support opengl 2.0 http://software.intel.com/en-us/arti...ed-graphics/#9 but when i type glxinfo in terminal the opengl version string gives me the following OpenGL version string: 1.4 Mesa 7.9-devel i installed the latest drivers but it didn't work so, how can i enable opengl 2.0 on this card?? thanks

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  • Mesa library vs Hardware accelerated OpenGL for my executable - it's just a linking problem?

    - by user827992
    Supposing that i have my program that is targeting a specific OpenGL version, let's say the 3.0, now i want to produce an executable that will support the software rendering with Mesa and another executable that will support the Hardware accelerated context, i can use the same source code for both without expecting any issues ? In another words, the instrunctions in this libraries are the same for my linking purpose ?

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  • what tool should I use for drawing 2d OpenGL shapes?

    - by Kenny Winker
    I'm working on a very simple OpenGL ES 2.0 game, and I'm not sure what tool to use to create the vertex data I need. My first thought was adobe illustrator, but I can't seem to google up any info on how to convert an .ai file to vertices. I'm only going to be using very simple 2d shapes so I wonder if I need to use a 3d modelling program? How is this typically done, when you are working with 2d non-sprite shapes?

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