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  • Batching dynamic sprites in OpenGL

    - by Aaron
    I'm trying to wrap my head around how batching is done in a 2D sprite-based game. My understanding is I'd get the vertices that represent each sprite I want to draw and stuff them all into a single mesh. That way I'd only need a single draw call to render everything. Does this apply when the sprites I render are different between frames, or when some sprites are moving? Because it sounds like I'd then have to recreate my batch mesh each frame, using either glDrawArrays/glDrawElements or a streaming VBO I assume. Does this sound correct?

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  • XNA 4.0 Refresh AudioEngine, WaveBank and Others Not Found

    - by Peteyslatts
    I'm going through the Learning XNA 4.0 book, and unfortunately I installed XNA 4.0 refresh. All the code up until now has worked, with the exception of me needing to remove the Framework.Net and Framework.Storage. (As a side question, will this be problematic later?) The problem I'm having now is that in my Game1.cs file, I have imported all of the XNA.Framework libraries, and when I try and create instances of any of the following classes, an error pops up saying VisualStudio can't find them: AudiEngine, WaveBank, SoundBank, and Cue. I have googled around for a while, and the only solution I saw was to import Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Xact, but this doesn't seem to exist for me. Any help is much appreciated, Thanks Peter.

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  • Game testing on Android - emulator or real devices?

    - by n00bfuscator
    I am working at a localization agency and we have been approached by a client about testing their games on iOS as well as Android. Testing on iOS seems fairly easy as we can just buy a couple of devices and we should be covered. For Android it seems to be completely different. From what i found, the emulator can cover all API levels, screen sizes and such, but i hear it's buggy and nothing could replace testing on real devices. With the vast amount of Android devices out there and the rate at which new devices are released it seems impossible to keep up. How can i test games (localization and functional) on Android covering all compatible devices?

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  • How was collision detection handled in The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past?

    - by Restart
    I would like to know how the collision detection was done in The Legend of Zelda: A Link To The Past. The game is 16x16 tile based, so how did they do the tiles where only a quarter or half of the tile is occupied? Did they use a smaller grid for collision detection like 8x8 tiles, so four of them make one 16x16 tile of the texture grid? But then, they also have true half tiles which are diagonally cut and the corners of the tiles seem to be round or something. If Link walks into tiles corner he can keep on walking and automatically moves around it's corner. How is that done? I hope someone can help me out here.

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  • Publishing a game -- any way to target both WP7 and Win8 Store?

    - by Rei Miyasaka
    I'm at a dilemma which seems should soon become an important issue for a lot of developers. If I build a game in XNA, I won't be able to publish it on the Windows 8 Store, as it would be a classic application -- and classic applications can't be sold on the store. If I build a game in Metro DirectX, I would be able to sell it on the Store, but porting it to Windows Phone would involve porting it to Reach XNA, which in fact would likely involve more effort even than porting to OS X or Android -- both of which support C++. Of all the WinRT API that is supported on C++/JS/.NET, DirectX can only be programmed from C++. It's also unlikely that Microsoft will update Windows 7 or Vista to support the new DirectX features, although that would make the Metro DirectX the first new version of DirectX to stop supporting the immediate predecessor OS. If I build a game in Pre-Win8 DirectX 9/10/11, I won't be able to sell it on the Windows Store or Windows Phone, but I could sell it on something like Steam. It would also involve the most amount of manual plumbing. In fact, DirectWrite, despite being part of DirectX 11, doesn't talk to Direct3D. I'm getting really tired of all these restrictions -- artificial and otherwise -- and I'm coming to a point where I'm considering switching to a platform with a less fragmented API, like Android or Mac/iOS. As far as bringing a game into market goes, excluding the actual market share of any platforms that I might consider, what other factors would help me in making a decision? Just a few years ago this question was a lot easier to answer: if you were primarily concerned with Windows platforms, all you had to answer was whether you wanted DirectX, XNA, or something like SlimDX. If you made the wrong decision, no biggie -- all you really would have lost is XBox and the fairly small Windows Phone market.

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  • Intersection points of plane set forming convex hull

    - by Toji
    Mostly looking for a nudge in the right direction here. Given a set of planes (defined as a normal and distance from origin) that form a convex hull, I would like to find the intersection points that form the corners of that hull. More directly, I'm looking for a way to generate a point cloud appropriate to provide to Bullet. Bonus points if someone knows of a way I could give bullet the plane list directly, since I somewhat suspect that's what it's building on the backend anyway.

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  • Game Patching Mac/PC

    - by Centurion Games
    Just wondering what types of solutions are available to handle patching of PC/Mac games that don't have any sort of auto updater built into them. In windows do you just spin off some sort of new install shield for the game that includes the updated files, hope you can read a valid registry key to point to the right directory, and overwrite files? If so how does that translate over to Mac where the game is normally just distributed as straight up .app file? Is there a better approach than the above for an already released product? (Assuming direct sells, and not through a marketplace that features auto-updating like Steam.) Are there any off the shelf auto-updater type libraries that could also be easily integrated with a C/C++ code base even after a game has been shipped to make this a lot simpler, and that are cross platform? Also how do auto-updaters work with new OS's that want applications and files digitally signed?

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  • What is the purpose of bitdepth for the several components of the framebuffer in glfwWindowHint function of GLFW3?

    - by Rui d'Orey
    I would like to know what are the following "framebuffer related hints" of GLFW3 function glfwWindowHint : GLFW_RED_BITS GLFW_GREEN_BITS GLFW_BLUE_BITS GLFW_ALPHA_BITS GLFW_DEPTH_BITS GLFW_STENCIL_BITS What is the purpose of this? Usually their default values are enough? Where are those bits stored? In a buffer in the GPU? What do they affect? And by that I mean in what way Thank you in advance!

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  • Whats a good setup/toolchain for a project?

    - by acidzombie24
    I was thinking, what is needed for a good setup and what are good (free) tools to use? Some of what i came up with are Bug tracking Some good (distributed:P) source control (which means no svn fellas) automated nightly builds or a continuous integration (or anything that automates builds and possibly sends emails when there are build errors) wiki to document decisions, road map or milestones. Something to backup assets (art, sound, etc) What else? and do you have suggestions for any of the above? i pretty much clueless of all of these except for source control

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  • Lightning whip particle effects

    - by Fibericon
    I'm currently using Mercury Particle Engine for the particle effects in my game, and I'm trying to create a sort of lightning whip - basically a lightning effect bound to a line that curves when the player moves. I know how to use the editor, and I have particle effects working in game. However, I'm completely lost as to where I should start for this specific particle effect. Perhaps if I could find the code for it in a different particle engine, I could convert it, but I can't seem to find that either. What I did find was a lot of tutorials for creating the lines associated with lightning programmatically, which doesn't help in this case because I don't want it to be rigid. Perhaps it would be more like some sort of laser beam with crackling effects around it? I'm running into a wall as far as even beginning to implement this goes.

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  • Wavefront mesh: determine which face a point belongs to?

    - by Mina Samy
    I have a 3D mesh Wavefront .obj file. Is there any algorithm that takes an arbitrary point coordinates as input and determines which face of the mesh that point belongs to ?? The mesh is rendered on the screen, then the user clicks on it, I want to determine which part of the mesh the user has clicked on ? Here's the code using LibGDX: Vector3 intersection=new Vector3(); Ray ray=camera.getPickRay(x, y); //vertices is an array that hold the coordinates of the mesh boolean ok=Intersector.intersectRayTriangles(ray, vertices, intersection); Thanks

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  • How do I find which isometric tiles are inside the cameras current view?

    - by Steve
    I'm putting together an isometric engine and need to cull the tiles that aren't in the camera's current view. My tile coordinates go from left to right on the X and top to bottom on the Y with (0,0) being the top left corner. If I have access to say the top left, top right, bottom left and bottom right corner coordinates, is there a formula or something I could use to determine which tiles fall in range? This is a screenshot of the layout of the tiles for reference. If there isn't one, or there's a better way to determine which tiles are on screen and which to cull, I'm all ears and am grateful for any ideas. I've got a few other methods I may be able to try such as checking the position of the tile against a rectangle. I pretty much just need something quick. Thanks for giving this a read =)

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  • What are the parameters of APEX destructible asset / actor, and what are the effect of them?

    - by Semih Kekül
    There are parameters of the NxDestructibleAsset such as: defaultBehaviorGroup.damageToRadius destructibleParameters.fractureImpulseScale p3BodyDescTemplate.density structureSettings.useStressSolver destructibleParameters.runtimeFracture.glass.firstSegmentSize, etc. However, i can not find any document explaining these parameters. Are there any documents/videos or codes (anything) which explains these parameters?

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  • Understanding Unity3d physics: where is the force applied?

    - by Heisenbug
    I'm trying to understand which is the right way to apply forces to a RigidBody. I noticed that there are AddForce and AddRelativeForce methods, one applied in world space coordinate system meanwhile the other in the local space. The thing that I do not understand is the following: usually in physics library (es. Bullet) we can specify the force vector and also the force application point. How can I do this in Unity? Is it possible to apply a force vector in a specific point relative to the given RigidBody coordinate system? Where does AddForce apply the force?

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  • How are components properly instantiated and used in XNA 4.0?

    - by Christopher Horenstein
    I am creating a simple input component to hold on to actions and key states, and a short history of the last ten or so states. The idea is that everything that is interested in input will ask this component for the latest input, and I am wondering where I should create it. I am also wondering how I should create components that are specific to my game objects - I envision them as variables, but then how do their Update/Draw methods get called? What I'm trying to ask is, what are the best practices for adding components to the proper collections? Right now I've added my input component in the main Game class that XNA creates when everything is first initialized, saying something along the lines of this.Components.Add(new InputComponent(this)), which looks a little odd to me, and I'd still want to hang onto that reference so I can ask it things. An answer to my input component's dilemma is great, but also I'm guessing there is a right way to do this in general in XNA.

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  • Why do I get an exception when playing multiple sound instances?

    - by Boreal
    Right now, I'm adding a rudimentary sound engine to my game. So far, I am able to load in a WAV file and play it once, then free up the memory when I close the game. However, the game crashes with a nice ArgumentOutOfBoundsException when I try to play another sound instance. Specified argument was out of the range of valid values. Parameter name: readLength I'm following this tutorial pretty much exactly, but I still keep getting the aforementioned error. Here's my sound-related code. /// <summary> /// Manages all sound instances. /// </summary> public static class Audio { static XAudio2 device; static MasteringVoice master; static List<SoundInstance> instances; /// <summary> /// The XAudio2 device. /// </summary> internal static XAudio2 Device { get { return device; } } /// <summary> /// Initializes the audio device and master track. /// </summary> internal static void Initialize() { device = new XAudio2(); master = new MasteringVoice(device); instances = new List<SoundInstance>(); } /// <summary> /// Releases all XA2 resources. /// </summary> internal static void Shutdown() { foreach(SoundInstance i in instances) i.Dispose(); master.Dispose(); device.Dispose(); } /// <summary> /// Registers a sound instance with the system. /// </summary> /// <param name="instance">Sound instance</param> internal static void AddInstance(SoundInstance instance) { instances.Add(instance); } /// <summary> /// Disposes any sound instance that has stopped playing. /// </summary> internal static void Update() { List<SoundInstance> temp = new List<SoundInstance>(instances); foreach(SoundInstance i in temp) if(!i.Playing) { i.Dispose(); instances.Remove(i); } } } /// <summary> /// Loads sounds from various files. /// </summary> internal class SoundLoader { /// <summary> /// Loads a .wav sound file. /// </summary> /// <param name="format">The decoded format will be sent here</param> /// <param name="buffer">The data will be sent here</param> /// <param name="soundName">The path to the WAV file</param> internal static void LoadWAV(out WaveFormat format, out AudioBuffer buffer, string soundName) { WaveStream wave = new WaveStream(soundName); format = wave.Format; buffer = new AudioBuffer(); buffer.AudioData = wave; buffer.AudioBytes = (int)wave.Length; buffer.Flags = BufferFlags.EndOfStream; } } /// <summary> /// Manages the data for a single sound. /// </summary> public class Sound : IAsset { WaveFormat format; AudioBuffer buffer; /// <summary> /// Loads a sound from a file. /// </summary> /// <param name="soundName">The path to the sound file</param> /// <returns>Whether the sound loaded successfully</returns> public bool Load(string soundName) { if(soundName.EndsWith(".wav")) SoundLoader.LoadWAV(out format, out buffer, soundName); else return false; return true; } /// <summary> /// Plays the sound. /// </summary> public void Play() { Audio.AddInstance(new SoundInstance(format, buffer)); } /// <summary> /// Unloads the sound from memory. /// </summary> public void Unload() { buffer.Dispose(); } } /// <summary> /// Manages a single sound instance. /// </summary> public class SoundInstance { SourceVoice source; bool playing; /// <summary> /// Whether the sound is currently playing. /// </summary> public bool Playing { get { return playing; } } /// <summary> /// Starts a new instance of a sound. /// </summary> /// <param name="format">Format of the sound</param> /// <param name="buffer">Buffer holding sound data</param> internal SoundInstance(WaveFormat format, AudioBuffer buffer) { source = new SourceVoice(Audio.Device, format); source.BufferEnd += (s, e) => playing = false; source.Start(); source.SubmitSourceBuffer(buffer); // THIS IS WHERE THE EXCEPTION IS THROWN playing = true; } /// <summary> /// Releases memory used by the instance. /// </summary> internal void Dispose() { source.Dispose(); } } The exception occurs on line 156 when I am playing the sound: source.SubmitSourceBuffer(buffer);

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  • Projecting onto different size screens by cropping

    - by Jason
    Hi, I am building a phone application which will display a shape on screen. The shape should look the same on different screen sizes. I. Decided the best way to do this is to show more of the background on larger screen keeping the shapes proportion the same on all screens. My problem is I am not sure how to achieve this, I can query the screen size at runtime and calculate how different it is from the six is designed for but I am not sure what to do with this value. What kind of projection should I use for my orthographic matrix an hour will I display more on larger screens and not loose information on smaller screens? Thanks, Jason.

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  • J2ME character animation with multiple sprite sheets

    - by Alex
    I'm working on a J2ME game and I want to have walking animations. Each direction of walking has a separate sprite sheet (i.e. one for walking up, one for walking right etc), I also have a static idle image for each direction held together in a single file. I've tried to hold an array of sprites in my player class and then just drawing the sprite corresponding to the current direction, but this doesn't seem to work. I'm aware that if I combine all the animations into one sprite sheet I could set up different animation sequences, but I want to be able to do it with separate images for each animation. Is there a way that anyone knows of to achieve this? And ideally without too much extra code (as opposed to combining the sprites into one sheet)

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  • Learning OpenGL GLSL - VAO buffer problems?

    - by Bleary
    I've just started digging through OpenGL and GLSL, and now stumbled on something I can't get my head around this one!? I've stepped back to loading a simple cube and using a simple shader on it, but the result is triangles drawn incorrectly and/or missing. The code I had working perfectly on meshes, but was attempting to move to using VAOs so none of the code for storing the vertices and indices has changed. http://i.stack.imgur.com/RxxZ5.jpg http://i.stack.imgur.com/zSU50.jpg What I have for creating the VAO and buffers is this //Create the Vertex array object glGenVertexArrays(1, &vaoID); // Finally create our vertex buffer objects glGenBuffers(VBO_COUNT, mVBONames); glBindVertexArray(vaoID); // Save vertex attributes into GPU glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mVBONames[VERTEX_VBO]); // Copy data into the buffer object glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, lPolygonVertexCount*VERTEX_STRIDE*sizeof(GLfloat), lVertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glEnableVertexAttribArray(pos); glVertexAttribPointer(pos, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, VERTEX_STRIDE*sizeof(GLfloat),0); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, mVBONames[INDEX_VBO]); glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, lPolygonCount*sizeof(unsigned int), lIndices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBindVertexArray(0); And the code for drawing the mesh. glBindVertexArray(vaoID); glUseProgram(shader->programID); GLsizei lOffset = mSubMeshes[pMaterialIndex]->IndexOffset*sizeof(unsigned int); const GLsizei lElementCount = mSubMeshes[pMaterialIndex]->TriangleCount*TRIAGNLE_VERTEX_COUNT; glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, lElementCount, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, reinterpret_cast<const GLvoid*>(lOffset)); // All the points are indeed in the correct place!? //glPointSize(10.0f); //glDrawElements(GL_POINTS, lElementCount, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0); glUseProgram(0); glBindVertexArray(0); Eyes have become bleary looking at this today so any thoughts or a fresh set of eyes would be greatly appreciated.

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  • How do I manipulate the Url of my Silverlight testpage.aspx?

    - by Daniel
    I am making an XNA game using Silverlight over the web. My testpage.aspx is linked to from a previous page where the client selects certain elements. The testpage.aspx URL changes depending on what I have sent to it. Now in my mainpage.cs file I would like to call certain functions depending on what was passed, but I am unsure how to manipulate or even access the URL. Is there a specific class in the Silverlight library I can use? Thank you for your time.

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  • What is the best type of c# timer to use with a Unity game that uses many timers simultaneously?

    - by Kyle Seidlitz
    I am developing a stand-alone 3d game in Unity that will have anywhere from 1 to 200 timers running simultaneously. There will be a GameObject containing 1 timer. For this game timer durations will range from 5 minutes to 4 days. There will not be any countdown displays or any UI for the timers. Each object is a prefab, with all the necessary materials included. An attached script will handle the timer and all the necessary code to change the materials and make any sound effects. Once the timer is expired, the user will then click on the object again, and the object will be destroyed, and the user's inventory will be adjusted. If the user wants to save or end the game before all the timers are done, the start value of the still running timers is to be saved to an XML file such that when the game is started again, any still running timers will be checked to see if they have expired, where the object's materials will be changed appropriately. I am still trying to figure out what type of timer to use, and see also if there are any suggestions for saving and calculating times over several days. What class(es) of timers should I use? Are there any special issues I should look out for in terms of performance?

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  • How to make an Actor follow my finger

    - by user48352
    I'm back with another question that may be really simple. I've a texture drawn on my spritebatch and I'm making it move up or down (y-axis only) with Libgdx's Input Handler: touchDown and touchUp. @Override public boolean touchDown(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer, int button) { myWhale.touchDownY = screenY; myWhale.isTouched = true; return true; } @Override public boolean touchUp(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer, int button) { myWhale.isTouched = false; return false; } myWhale is an object from Whale Class where I move my texture position: public void update(float delta) { this.delta = delta; if(isTouched){ dragWhale(); } } public void dragWhale() { if(Gdx.input.getY(0) - touchDownY < 0){ if(Gdx.input.getY(0)<position.y+height/2){ position.y = position.y - velocidad*delta; } } else{ if(Gdx.input.getY(0)>position.y+height/2){ position.y = position.y + velocidad*delta; } } } So the object moves to the center of the position where the person is pressing his/her finger and most of the time it works fine but the object seems to take about half a second to move up or down and sometimes when I press my finger it wont move. Maybe there's another simplier way to do this. I'd highly appreciate if someone points me on the right direction.

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  • draw bullet at the end of the barrel

    - by Alberto
    excuse my awkwardness, i have this code: [syntax="java"] int x2 = (int) (canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[0] + LENGTH_SPRITE/2* Math.cos(canon.getRotation())); int y2 = (int) (canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[1] + LENGTH_SPRITE/2* Math.sin(canon.getRotation())); projectile = new Sprite( (float) x2, (float) y2, mProjectileTextureRegion,this.getVertexBufferObjectManager() ); mMainScene.attachChild(projectile); [/syntax] and the bullet are drawn around the cannon in circle.. but not from the end of cannon :( help!

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  • Need help drawings planets in Java.

    - by d33j
    I am looking for help/links/notes/agorithms/URLs/examples on drawing/rendering spheres in pure Java (so that I can hopefully, one day, generate/render planets with various surfaces & atmospheres) So for the moment, i'd be pretty happy to be able to start off with just drawing a wireframed sphere(s). ps: I don't want to use external libraries like Java3D, JOGL or aftermarket engines like JMonkeyEngine, Would rather keep it as straight Java.

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  • glsl demo suggestions ?

    - by brainydexter
    In a lot of places I interviewed recently, I have been asked many a times if I have worked with shaders. Even though, I have read and understand the pipeline, the answer to that question has been no. Recently, one of the places asked me if I can send them a sample of 'something' that is "visually polished". So, I decided to take the plunge and wrote some simple shader in GLSL(with opengl).I now have a basic setup where I can use vbos with glsl shaders. I have a very short window left to send something to them and I was wondering if someone with experience, could suggest an idea that is interesting enough to grab someone's attention. Thanks

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