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  • Complexity of defense AI

    - by Fredrik Johansson
    I have a non-released game, and currently it's only possible to play with another human being. As the game rules are made up by me, I think it would be great if new players could learn basic game play by playing against an AI opponent. I mean it's not like Tennis, where the majority knows at least the fundamental rules. On the other hand, I'm a bit concerned that this AI implementation can be quite complex. I hope you can help me with an complexity estimation. I've tried to summarize the gameplay below. Is this defense AI very hard to do? Basic Defense Game Play Player Defender can move within his land, i.e. inside a random, non-convex, polygon. This land will also contain obstacles modeled as polygons, that Defender has to move around. Player Attacker has also a land, modeled as another such polygon. Assume that Defender shall defend against Attacker. Attacker will then throw a thingy towards Defender's land. To be rewarded, Attacker wants to hit Defender's land, and Defender will want to strike away the thingy from his land before it stops to prevent Attacker from scoring. To feint Defender, Attacker might run around within his land before the throw, and based on these attacker movements Defender shall then continuously move to the best defense position within his land.

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  • What is the cost of custom made 2D game sprites? [closed]

    - by Michael Harroun
    Possible Duplicate: How much to pay for artwork in an indie game? I am looking for sprites similar in style to those of Final fantasy Tactics, but with a much higher resolution that will work well for both a browser and an iPhone. In terms of animations: Walking in 4 directions Swinging with 1 hand Some sort of "casting animation" (depending on cost I may use the 1 hand swing with a wand). Taking a hit Kneeling Fallen How much would something like that cost per sprite?

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  • Handling window resize with arbitrary aspect ratios

    - by DormoTheNord
    I'm currently making a 2D game using SFML. I want the aspect ratio to be maintained when the user resizes the window. I also want the game to work with any arbitrary aspect ratio (like any media player would). Here is the code I have so far: void os::GameEngine::setCameraViewport() { sf::FloatRect tempViewport; float viewAspectRatio = (float)aspectRatio.x / aspectRatio.y; float screenAspectRatio = (float)gameWindow.getSize().x / gameWindow.getSize().y; if (viewAspectRatio > screenAspectRatio) { // Viewport is wider than screen, fit on X } else if (viewAspectRatio < screenAspectRatio) { // Screen is wider than viewport, fit on Y } else // window aspect ratio matches view aspect ratio { tempViewport.height = 1; tempViewport.width = 1; tempViewport.left = 0; tempViewport.top = 0; } viewport = tempViewport; camera.setViewport(viewport); gameWindow.setView(camera); } The problem is I'm having trouble with the logic to determine the properties of the viewport.

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  • Why can't a blendShader sample anything but the current coordinate of the background image?

    - by Triynko
    In Flash, you can set a DisplayObject's blendShader property to a pixel shader (flash.shaders.Shader class). The mechanism is nice, because Flash automatically provides your Shader with two input images, including the background surface and the foreground display object's bitmap. The problem is that at runtime, the shader doesn't allow you to sample the background anywhere but under the current output coordinate. If you try to sample other coordinates, it just returns the color of the current coordinate instead, ignoring the coordinates you specified. This seems to occur only at runtime, because it works properly in the Pixel Bender toolkit. This limitation makes it impossible to simulate, for example, the Aero Glass effect in Windows Vista/7, because you cannot sample the background properly for blurring. I must mention that it is possible to create the effect in Flash through manual composition techniques, but it's hard to determine when it actually needs updated, because Flash does not provide information about when a particular area of the screen or a particular display object needs re-rendered. For example, you may have a fixed glass surface with objects moving underneath it that don't dispatch events when they move. The only alternative is to re-render the glass bar every frame, which is inefficient, which is why I am trying to do it through a blendShader so Flash determines when it needs rendered automatically. Is there a technical reason for this limitation, or is it an oversight of some sort? Does anyone know of a workaround, or a way I could provide my manual composition implementation with information about when it needs re-rendered? The limitation is mentioned with no explanation in the last note in this page: http://help.adobe.com/en_US/as3/dev/WSB19E965E-CCD2-4174-8077-8E5D0141A4A8.html It says: "Note: When a Pixel Bender shader program is run as a blend in Flash Player or AIR, the sampling and outCoord() functions behave differently than in other contexts.In a blend, a sampling function will always return the current pixel being evaluated by the shader. You cannot, for example, use add an offset to outCoord() in order to sample a neighboring pixel. Likewise, if you use the outCoord() function outside a sampling function, its coordinates always evaluate to 0. You cannot, for example, use the position of a pixel to influence how the blended images are combined."

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  • Moving a Cube from a GUI texture on iOS [on hold]

    - by London2423
    I really hope someone can help me in this since I am working already two days but without any result. What I' am trying to achieve in this instance is to move a GameObject when a GUI Texture is touch on a Iphone. The GameObject to be moved is named Cube. The Cube has a Script named "Left" that supposedly when is "call it " from the GUITexture the Cube should move left. I hope is clear: I want to "activated" the script in the Game Object from the Guitexture. I try to use send message but without any joy as well so I am using GetComponent. This is the script "inside" the GUITexture using Unity and C# //script inside the gameobject cube so it can move left when call it from the GUItexture void Awake() { left = Cube.GetComponent<Left>().enable = true; } void Start() { Cube = GameObject.Find ("Cube"); } void Update () { //loop through all the touches on the screeen for(int i = 0 ; i < Input.touchCount; i++) { //execute this code for current touch (i) on the screen if(this.guiTexture.HitTest(Input.GetTouch(i).position)) { //if current hits our guiTecture, run this code if(Input.GetTouch (i).phase == TouchPhase.Began) //move the cube object Cube.GetComponent<Left> (); } if(Input.GetTouch (i).phase == TouchPhase.Ended) { return; } if(Input.GetTouch(i).phase == TouchPhase.Stationary); //if current finger is stationary run this code { Cube.GetComponent<Left> (); } } } } } This is the script inside the GameObject named "Cube" that is activated from the Gui Texture and when is activated from the GUITexture should allow the cube to move left public class Left : MonoBehaviour { // Use this for initialization void Start () { } // Update is called once per frame void OnMousedown () { transform.position += Vector3.left * Time.deltaTime; } } Before write here I search all documentation, tutorial videos, forums but I still don't understand where is my mistake. May please someone help me Thanks CL

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  • Change alpha to a Frame in libgdx

    - by Rudy_TM
    I have this batch.draw(currentFrame, x, y, this.parent.originX, this.parent.originY, this.parent.width, this.parent.height, this.scaleX, this.scaleY,this.rotation); I want to apply the alpha that it gets from the method, but theres is not overload from the SpriteBatch class that takes the alpha value, is there some wey to apply it? (i did it this way, because this are animation, and i wanted to control them) in my static ones i apply sprite.draw(SpriteBatch, alpha) Thanks

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  • Strange and erratic transformations when using OpenGL VBOs to render scene

    - by janoside
    I have an existing iOS game with fairly simple scenes (all textured quads) and I'm using Apple's "Texture2D" class. I'm trying to convert this class to use VBOs since the vertices of my objects basically never change so I may as well not re-create them for every object every frame. I have the scene rendering using VBOs but the sizes and orientations of all rendered objects are strange and erratic - though locations seem generally correct. I've been toying with this code for a few days now, and I've found something odd: if I re-create all of my VBOs each frame, everything looks correct, even though I'm almost certain my vertices are not changing. Other notes I'm basing my work on this tutorial, and therefore am also using "IBOs" I create my buffers before rendering begins My buffers include vertex and texture data I'm using OpenGL ES 1.1 Fearing some strange effect of the current matrix GL state at the time of buffer creation I've also tried wrapping my buffer-setup code in a "pushMatrix-loadIdentity-popMatrix" block which (as expected) had no effect I'm aware that various articles have been published demonstrating that VBOs may not help performance, but I want to understand this problem and at least have the option to use them. I realize this is a shot in the dark, but has anyone else experienced this type of strange behavior? What might I be doing to result in this behavior? It's rather difficult for me to isolate the problem since I'm working in an existing, moderately complex project, so suggestions about how to approach the problem are also quite welcome.

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  • Unable to use Maya animation with scripts when imported to Unity

    - by keshk
    I am testing to import Maya animation over to Unity. I set up a simple cylinder with 2 bones and an IK handle. Made a simple animation where the cylinder bends and goes back to straight position over 24 frames. Following that, I selected everything and baked, all bones,ik,(animation by selecting all at the graph editor) and even the cylinder. I saved the scene and then select all and export as FBX with animation and bake checked. In unity imported it and at the preview able to see the animation. When I load the model into scene and play (after assigning the controller), able to see animation too. But now when I try to script it and control the animation, nothing happens. Even to test, I tried the following under the Update method. if(animation.isPlaying) Debug.Log("Animation Works"); else Debug.Log("Animation not working"); The bool doesn't even return true nor false. My animation is called "bend", thus just for try I did the following and nothing happens. animation.Play("bend"); Can please advice based on my steps, am I missing something. Do I need to add the controller or is that an unnecessary step? Did I screw up on the Maya part or the Unity part. Thanks for help.

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  • Issue with a point coordinates, which creates an unwanted triangle

    - by Paul
    I would like to connect the points from the red path, to the y-axis in blue. I figured out that the problem with my triangles came from the first point (V0) : it is not located where it should be. In the console, it says its location is at 0,0, but in the emulator, it is not. The code : for(int i = 1; i < 2; i++) { CCLOG(@"_polyVertices[i-1].x : %f, _polyVertices[i-1].y : %f", _polyVertices[i-1].x, _polyVertices[i-1].y); CCLOG(@"_polyVertices[i].x : %f, _polyVertices[i].y : %f", _polyVertices[i].x, _polyVertices[i].y); ccDrawLine(_polyVertices[i-1], _polyVertices[i]); } The output : _polyVertices[i-1].x : 0.000000, _polyVertices[i-1].y : 0.000000 _polyVertices[i].x : 50.000000, _polyVertices[i].y : 0.000000 And the result : (the layer goes up, i could not take the screenshot before the layer started to go up, but the first red point starts at y=0) : Then it creates an unwanted triangle when the code continues : Would you have any idea about this? (So to force the first blue point to start at 0,0, and not at 50,0 as it seems to be now) Here is the code : - (void)generatePath{ float x = 50; //first red point float y = 0; for(int i = 0; i < kMaxKeyPoints+1; i++) { if (i<3){ _hillKeyPoints[i] = CGPointMake(x, y); x = 150 + (random() % (int) 30); y += -40; } else if(i<20){ //going right _hillKeyPoints[i] = CGPointMake(x, y); x += (random() % (int) 30); y += -40; } else if(i<25){ //stabilize _hillKeyPoints[i] = CGPointMake(x, y); x = 150 + (random() % (int) 30); y += -40; } else if(i<30){ //going left _hillKeyPoints[i] = CGPointMake(x, y); //x -= (random() % (int) 10); x = 150 + (random() % (int) 30); y += -40; } else { //back to normal _hillKeyPoints[i] = CGPointMake(x, y); x = 150 + (random() % (int) 30); y += -40; } } } -(void)generatePolygons{ static int prevFromKeyPointI = -1; static int prevToKeyPointI = -1; // key points interval for drawing while (_hillKeyPoints[_fromKeyPointI].y > -_offsetY+winSizeTop) { _fromKeyPointI++; } while (_hillKeyPoints[_toKeyPointI].y > -_offsetY-winSizeBottom) { _toKeyPointI++; } if (prevFromKeyPointI != _fromKeyPointI || prevToKeyPointI != _toKeyPointI) { _nPolyVertices = 0; float x1 = 0; int keyPoints = _fromKeyPointI; for (int i=_fromKeyPointI; i<_toKeyPointI; i++){ //V0: at (0,0) _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices] = CGPointMake(x1, y1); //first blue point _polyTexCoords[_nPolyVertices++] = CGPointMake(x1, y1); //V1: to the first "point" _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices] = CGPointMake(_hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].x, _hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].y); _polyTexCoords[_nPolyVertices++] = CGPointMake(_hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].x, _hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].y); keyPoints++; //from point at index 0 to 1 //V2, same y as point n°2: _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices] = CGPointMake(0, _hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].y); _polyTexCoords[_nPolyVertices++] = CGPointMake(0, _hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].y); //V1 again _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices] = _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices-2]; _polyTexCoords[_nPolyVertices++] = _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices-2]; //V2 again _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices] = _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices-2]; _polyTexCoords[_nPolyVertices++] = _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices-2]; //CCLOG(@"_nPolyVertices V2 again : %i", _nPolyVertices); //V3 = same x,y as point at index 1 _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices] = CGPointMake(_hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].x, _hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].y); _polyTexCoords[_nPolyVertices] = CGPointMake(_hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].x, _hillKeyPoints[keyPoints].y); y1 = _polyVertices[_nPolyVertices].y; _nPolyVertices++; } prevFromKeyPointI = _fromKeyPointI; prevToKeyPointI = _toKeyPointI; } } - (void) draw { //RED glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 1); for(int i = MAX(_fromKeyPointI, 1); i <= _toKeyPointI; ++i) { glColor4f(1.0, 0, 0, 1.0); ccDrawLine(_hillKeyPoints[i-1], _hillKeyPoints[i]); } //BLUE glColor4f(0, 0, 1, 1); for(int i = 1; i < 2; i++) { CCLOG(@"_polyVertices[i-1].x : %f, _polyVertices[i-1].y : %f", _polyVertices[i-1].x, _polyVertices[i-1].y); CCLOG(@"_polyVertices[i].x : %f, _polyVertices[i].y : %f", _polyVertices[i].x, _polyVertices[i].y); ccDrawLine(_polyVertices[i-1], _polyVertices[i]); } } Thanks

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  • Simplest way to render image over top of another with another image used as mask in OpenGL?

    - by Adam Naylor
    The effect I'm looking for is to have a single large background image that is always visible (at full alpha) and then show a second image (what I call a light map or specular map) that is partially shown over the top based on a third image (which is effectively a mask). The effect is similar to this effect except instead of simply darkening or lightening the background image using the third image it needs to mask the second without effecting the first at all. The third image is the only one that moves therefore hard baking the third images alpha into the second image isn't an option. If my explanation isn't clear I'll provide visual examples when I have more time. I'd prefer not to go down a shader route as I haven't taught myself this area yet so unless I have too I'd rather try to achieve this with simple alpha blending. Happy to use a shader approach. Cheers. Additional These third images are obviously light sources being cast onto the first image showing the specular information from the second image to simulate the light 'shining' off the objects in the first image. The solution I implement will need to allow two light sources to potentially overlap so my current thoughts are that the alpha values of the two images will need to be combined (Added?) to produce a final image which masks the second image? Don't worry about things like coloured lights. For this technique the lights are all considered white.

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  • Collision Detection with SAT: False Collision for Diagonal Movement Towards Vertical Tile-Walls?

    - by Macks
    Edit: Problem solved! Big thanks to Jonathan who pointed me in the right direction. Sean describes the method I used in a different thread. Also big thanks to him! :) Here is how I solved my problem: If a collision is registered by my SAT-method, only fire the collision-event on my character if there are no neighbouring solid tiles in the direction of the returned minimum translation vector. I'm developing my first tile-based 2D-game with Javascript. To learn the basics, I decided to write my own "game engine". I have successfully implemented collision detection using the separating axis theorem, but I've run into a problem that I can't quite wrap my head around. If I press the [up] and [left] arrow-keys simultaneously, my character moves diagonally towards the upper left. If he hits a horizontal wall, he'll just keep moving in x-direction. The same goes for [up] and [left] as well as downward-diagonal movements, it works as intended: http://i.stack.imgur.com/aiZjI.png Diagonal movement works fine for horizontal walls, for both left and right-movement However: this does not work for vertical walls. Instead of keeping movement in y-direction, he'll just stop as soon as he "enters" a new tile on the y-axis. So for some reason SAT thinks my character is colliding vertically with tiles from vertical walls: http://i.stack.imgur.com/XBEKR.png My character stops because he thinks that he is colliding vertically with tiles from the wall on the right. This only occurs, when: Moving into top-right direction towards the right wall Moving into top-left direction towards the left wall Bottom-right and bottom-left movement work: the character keeps moving in y-direction as intended. Is this inherited from the way SAT works or is there a problem with my implementation? What can I do to solve my problem? Oh yeah, my character is displayed as a circle but he's actually a rectangular polygon for the collision detection. Thank you very much for your help.

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  • Issues with shooting in a HTML5 platformer game

    - by fnx
    I'm coding a 2D sidescroller using only JavaScript and HTML5 canvas, and in my game I have two problems with shooting: 1) Player shoots continous stream of bullets. I want that player can shoot only a single bullet even though the shoot-button is being held down. 2) Also, I get an error "Uncaught TypeError: Cannot call method 'draw' of undefined" when all the bullets are removed. My shooting code goes like this: When player shoots, I do game.bullets.push(new Bullet(this, this.scale)); and after that: function Bullet(source, dir) { this.id = "bullet"; this.width = 10; this.height = 3; this.dir = dir; if (this.dir == 1) { this.x = source.x + source.width - 5; this.y = source.y + 16; } if (this.dir == -1) { this.x = source.x; this.y = source.y + 16; } } Bullet.prototype.update = function() { if (this.dir == 1) this.x += 8; if (this.dir == -1) this.x -= 8; for (var i in game.enemies) { checkCollisions(this, game.enemies[i]); } // Check if bullet leaves the viewport if (this.x < game.viewX * 32 || this.x > (game.viewX + game.tilesX) * 32) { removeFromList(game.bullets, this); } } Bullet.prototype.draw = function() { // bullet flipping uses orientation of the player var posX = game.player.scale == 1 ? this.x : (this.x + this.width) * -1; game.ctx.scale(game.player.scale, 1); game.ctx.drawImage(gameData.getGfx("bullet"), posX, this.y); } I handle removing with this function: function removeFromList(list, object) { for (i in list) { if (object == list[i]) { list.splice(i, 1); break; } } } And finally, in the main game loop I have this: for (var i in game.bullets) { game.bullets[i].update(); game.bullets[i].draw(); } I have tried adding if (game.bullets.length > 0) to the main game loop before the above draw&update calls, but I still get the same error.

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  • How to work with scenes in a 2D game

    - by Anearion
    I'm a java/android programmer, but I don't have any experience in game programming, I'm already reading proper books, like "Pro Android Games", but my concerns are more about the ideas behind game programming than the techniques themselves. I'm working on a 2D game, something like Cluedo to let you understand the genre. I would like to know how should I act with the "scenes", for example, a room with a desk, TV, windows and a lamp. I need to make some items tappable and others not. Is it common to use one image (invisible to the user) with every different item a different color, then call the getColor() method on the image? Or use one image as background, and separate images for all the items? If the latter, how can I set the positioning? and should I use imageView or imageButton? I'm sorry if those are really low quality questions, but as "outsider" ( I'm 23 and still finishing my university ) it's pretty hard learn alone.

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  • Is a Single Texture Cube Map Possible?

    - by smoth190
    I'm currently developing a test project to explore OpenGL 3 texturing abilities. I have a simple cube, made of 8 vertices and 36 indices. I want each of the cubes faces to have a different texture, so I devised this texture: I made it obvious which sections I want visible (I hope...). In Direct3D, I once made a skybox, and I used a cubemap. However, I had to split it into 6 different textures. This is annoying and hard to manage, it would be nice to have just one texture. Is this even possible? I read somewhere that I could do this by duplicating vertices, is that a good idea? Someone else said I could do it in the shader, but that also baffles me...

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  • XNA clip plane effect makes models black

    - by user1990950
    When using this effect file: float4x4 World; float4x4 View; float4x4 Projection; float4 ClipPlane0; void vs(inout float4 position : POSITION0, out float4 clipDistances : TEXCOORD0) { clipDistances.x = dot(position, ClipPlane0); clipDistances.y = 0; clipDistances.z = 0; clipDistances.w = 0; position = mul(mul(mul(position, World), View), Projection); } float4 ps(float4 clipDistances : TEXCOORD0) : COLOR0 { clip(clipDistances); return float4(0, 0, 0, 0); } technique { pass { VertexShader = compile vs_2_0 vs(); PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 ps(); } } all models using this are rendered black. Is it possible to render them correctly?

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  • Increasing speed of circle over time as linear with Box2d

    - by Whispered
    Assume that there is a circle and it can be moved by using keyboard arrows.Is required that increasing speed over time like increasing car speed. For example; max speed is 25 and time to reach max speed shall be 5 sec. Over 5 sec the speed will reach to max speed. Does Box2d handle that situation?. I tried setting linear valocity but it seems to make the circle have constant speed instead of increased speed over time. Thank You! Note: I'm using Box2DWeb Javascript port of Box2D.

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  • Interpolation gives the appearance of collisions

    - by Akroy
    I'm implementing a simple 2D platformer with a constant speed update of the game logic, but with the rendering done as fast as the machine can handle. I interpolate positions between actual game updates by just using the position and velocity of objects at the last update. This makes things look really smooth in general, but when something hits a wall/floor, it appears to go through the wall for a moment before being positioned correctly. This is because the interpolator is not taking walls into account, so it guesses the position into walls until the actual game update fixes it. Are there any particularly elegant solutions for this? Simply increasing the update rate seems like a band-aid solution, and I'm trying to avoid increasing the system reqs. I could also check for collisions in the actual interpolator, but that seems like heavy overhead, and then I'm no longer dividing the drawing and the game updating.

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  • Is good practice to optimize FPS even when it's above the lower limit to give illusion of movement?

    - by rraallvv
    I started over 50 FPS on the iPhone, but now I'm bellow 30 PFS, I've seen most iPhone games clamped to either 60 or 30 FPS, even when 24 or less would give the illusion of movement. I've concidered my limit to be a little bit over 15 FPS, in fact my physics simulation is updated at that rate (15.84 steps/s) as that is the lowest that still give fluid movement, a bit lower gives jerky motion. Is there a practical reason why to clamp FPS way above the lower limit? Update: The following image could help to clarify I can independently set the physic simulation step, frame rate, and simulation interval update. My concern is why should I clamp any of those to values greater than the minimum? For instance to conserve battery life I could just to choose the lower limits, but it seems that 60 or 30 FPS are the most used values.

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  • Game ideas for a platformer

    - by user5925
    I have created a platformer which currently has the features listed below. I would greatly appreciate any further ideas which I could implement! (I don't play a lot of games which is why I require help) -- Walking/jumping/movement -- player can shoot lasers -- enemies also walk, fly, and shoot lasers -- water (you can swim in this) -- mud (slows you down on contact, and stops you from jumping) -- ladders -- damage when falling from a large height, unless falling into water -- moving platforms -- springboards (jumping on them shoot you into the air) -- growing platforms (allow you to reach new places) -- key and door system -- gem and coin collection system

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  • Dynamic Quad/Oct Trees

    - by KKlouzal
    I've recently discovered the power of Quadtrees and Octrees and their role in culling/LOD applications, however I've been pondering on the implementations for a Dynamic Quad/Oct Tree. Such tree would not require a complete rebuild when some of the underlying data changes (Vertex Data). Would it be possible to create such a tree? What would that look like? Could someone point me in the correct direction to get started? The application here would, in my scenario, be used for a dynamically changing spherical landscape with over 10,000,000 verticies. The use of Quad/Oct Trees is obvious for Culling & LOD as well as the benefits from not having to completely recompute the tree when the underlying data changes.

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  • Actor and Sprite, who should own these properties?

    - by Gerardo Marset
    I'm writing sort of a 2D game engine for making the process of creating games easier. It has two classes, Actor and Sprite. Actor is used for interactive elements (the player, enemies, bullets, a menu, an invisible instance that controls score, etc) and Sprite is used for animated (or not) images with transparency (or not). The actor may have an assigned sprite that represents it on the screen, which may change during the game. E.g. in a top-down action game you may have an actor with a sprite of a little guy that changes when attacking, walking, and facing different directions, etc. Currently the actor has x and y properties (its coordinates in the screen), while the sprite has an index property (the number of the frame currently being shown by the sprite). Since the sprite doesn't know which actor it belongs to (or if it belongs to an actor at all), the actor must pass its x and y coordinates when drawing the sprite. Also, since a actors may reset its sprite each frame (and usually do), the sprite's index property must be passed from the old to the new sprite like so (pseudocode): function change_sprite(new_sprite) old_index = my.sprite.index my.sprite = new_sprite() my.sprite.index = old_index % my.sprite.frames end I always thought this was kind of cumbersome, but it never was a big problem. Now I decided to add support for more properties. Namely a property to draw the sprite rotated, a property to draw it flipped, it a property draw it stretched, etc. These should probably belong to the sprite and not the actor, but if they do, the actor would have to pass them from the old to the new sprite each time it changes... On the other hand, if they belonged to the actor, the actor would have to pass each property to the sprite when drawing it (since the sprite doesn't know which actor it belongs to, and it shouldn't, since sprites aren't just meant to be used by actors, really). Another option I thought of would be having an extra class that owns all these properties (plus index, x and y) and links an actor with a sprite, but that doesn't come without drawbacks. So, what should I do with all these properties? Thanks!

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  • Game state management (Game, Menu, Titlescreen, etc)

    - by munchor
    Basically, in every single game I've made so far, I always have a variable like "current_state", which can be "game", "titlescreen", "gameoverscreen", etc. And then on my Update function I have a huge: if current_state == "game" game stuf ... else if current_state == "titlescreen" ... However, I don't feel like this is a professional/clean way of handling states. Any ideas on how to do this in a better way? Or is this the standard way?

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  • How to transform mesh components?

    - by Lea Hayes
    I am attempting to transform the components of a mesh directly using a 4x4 matrix. This is working for the vertex positions, but it is not working for the normals (and probably not the tangents either). Here is what I have: // Transform vertex positions - Works like a charm! vertices = mesh.vertices; for (int i = 0; i < vertices.Length; ++i) vertices[i] = transform.MultiplyPoint(vertices[i]); // Does not work, lighting is messed up on mesh normals = mesh.normals; for (int i = 0; i < normals.Length; ++i) normals[i] = transform.MultiplyVector(normals[i]); Note: The input matrix converts from local to world space and is needed to combine multiple meshes together.

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  • Are there existing FOSS component-based frameworks?

    - by Tesserex
    The component based game programming paradigm is becoming much more popular. I was wondering, are there any projects out there that offer a reusable component framework? In any language, I guess I don't care about that. It's not for my own project, I'm just curious. Specifically I mean are there projects that include a base Entity class, a base Component class, and maybe some standard components? It would then be much easier starting a game if you didn't want to reinvent the wheel, or maybe you want a GraphicsComponent that does sprites with Direct3D, but you figure it's already been done a dozen times. A quick Googling turns up Rusher. Has anyone heard of this / does anyone use it? If there are no popular ones, then why not? Is it too difficult to make something like this reusable, and they need heavy customization? In my own implementation I found a lot of boilerplate that could be shoved into a framework.

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  • how do I set quad buffering with jogl 2.0

    - by tony danza
    I'm trying to create a 3d renderer for stereo vision with quad buffering with Processing/Java. The hardware I'm using is ready for this so that's not the problem. I had a stereo.jar library in jogl 1.0 working for Processing 1.5, but now I have to use Processing 2.0 and jogl 2.0 therefore I have to adapt the library. Some things are changed in the source code of Jogl and Processing and I'm having a hard time trying to figure out how to tell Processing I want to use quad buffering. Here's the previous code: public class Theatre extends PGraphicsOpenGL{ protected void allocate() { if (context == null) { // If OpenGL 2X or 4X smoothing is enabled, setup caps object for them GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities(); // Starting in release 0158, OpenGL smoothing is always enabled if (!hints[DISABLE_OPENGL_2X_SMOOTH]) { capabilities.setSampleBuffers(true); capabilities.setNumSamples(2); } else if (hints[ENABLE_OPENGL_4X_SMOOTH]) { capabilities.setSampleBuffers(true); capabilities.setNumSamples(4); } capabilities.setStereo(true); // get a rendering surface and a context for this canvas GLDrawableFactory factory = GLDrawableFactory.getFactory(); drawable = factory.getGLDrawable(parent, capabilities, null); context = drawable.createContext(null); // need to get proper opengl context since will be needed below gl = context.getGL(); // Flag defaults to be reset on the next trip into beginDraw(). settingsInited = false; } else { // The following three lines are a fix for Bug #1176 // http://dev.processing.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=1176 context.destroy(); context = drawable.createContext(null); gl = context.getGL(); reapplySettings(); } } } This was the renderer of the old library. In order to use it, I needed to do size(100, 100, "stereo.Theatre"). Now I'm trying to do the stereo directly in my Processing sketch. Here's what I'm trying: PGraphicsOpenGL pg = ((PGraphicsOpenGL)g); pgl = pg.beginPGL(); gl = pgl.gl; glu = pg.pgl.glu; gl2 = pgl.gl.getGL2(); GLProfile profile = GLProfile.get(GLProfile.GL2); GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities(profile); capabilities.setSampleBuffers(true); capabilities.setNumSamples(4); capabilities.setStereo(true); GLDrawableFactory factory = GLDrawableFactory.getFactory(profile); If I go on, I should do something like this: drawable = factory.getGLDrawable(parent, capabilities, null); but drawable isn't a field anymore and I can't find a way to do it. How do I set quad buffering? If I try this: gl2.glDrawBuffer(GL.GL_BACK_RIGHT); it obviously doesn't work :/ Thanks.

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