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• Multi Threading - How to split the tasks

  - by Motig

  if I have a game engine with the basic 'game engine' components, what is the best way to 'split' the tasks with a multi-threaded approach? Assuming I have the standard components of: Rendering Physics Scripts Networking And a quad-core, I see two ways of multi-threading: Option A ('Vertical'): Using this approach I can allow one core for each component of the engine; e.g. one core for the Rendering task, one for the Physics, etc. Advantages: I do not need to worry about thread-safety within each component I can take advantage of special optimizations provided for single-threaded access (e.g. DirectX offers a flag that can be set to tell it that you will only use single-threading) Option B ('Horizontal'): Using this approach, each task may be split up into 1 <= n <= numCores threads, and executed simultaneously, one after the other. Advantages: Allows for work-sharing, i.e. each thread can take over work still remaining as the others are still processing I can take advantage of libraries that are designed for multi-threading (i.e. ... DirectX) I think, in retrospect, I would pick Option B, but I wanted to hear you guys' thoughts on the matter.

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• Tiled perlin/value noise texture with (2^n)+1 size

  - by tobi

  Actually what I have in mind is value noise I think, but what I am going to ask applies to both of them. It is known that if you want to produce tiled texture by using the perlin/value noise, the size of the texture should be specified as the power of 2 (2^n). Without any modifications to the algorithm when you use the size of (2^n)+1 the texture cannot be tiled anymore, so I am wondering whether it is possible (by modifying the algorithm somehow) to generate such tiling texture with the size of (2^n)+1. The article (from which I have my implementation) is here: http://devmag.org.za/2009/04/25/perlin-noise/ I am aware that I can produce texture with 2^n size and just copy twice the last column/row from the ends to make it (2^n)+1, but I don't want to, because such repetitions are visible too much.

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• First frame has a much longer delta time than other frames

  - by Kipras

  I had a problem where my AI moved extreme at the first frame and then normal after that. I then figured out it was my delta. It's about 0.016 seconds (60 fps), but the first frame was about 19000 seconds, which is obviously impossible. Does anybody know what might be happening? Also the delta later on likes to oscillate from 0.01 to 0.03, which is, again, crazy. long time = Sys.getTime() * 1000 / Sys.getTimerResolution(); float delta = (time - lastFrame) / 1000f; lastFrame = time; return delta; That's the delta code.

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• Find angle for projectile to meet target in parabolic arc

  - by TheBroodian

  I'm making a thing that launches projectiles in 2D. Its projectiles are fired with a set initial velocity, and are only affected by gravity. Assuming that its target is within range, and that there aren't any obstacles, how would my thing find the appropriate angle at which to launch its projectile (in radians)? The equation for this is found here: Wikipedia: Angle Required to Hit Coordinate Sadly, I'm not a physicist (a.k.a. can't read smart people math) and am having a hard time reading its breakdown. If not only for the sake of anybody else that might read this other than myself, would anybody be kind enough to break the equation down into baby words please?

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• What's the best way to add some particle or laser effects to an already animated character?

  - by Scott

  I just purchased some rigged and animated robot characters from 3drt for a game I'm making in unity. I would like to be able to add some weapon effects to the characters. For example, I would like for the robots to be able to shot lasers out of the hands at enemies. I have know idea where to even start with this task as I'm more of a programmer than a graphics guy. Can some experienced developers / designers please point me in a good direction? Thanks. Note: As of right now I have maya and blender installed on my computer.

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• Ideas for card deck names [closed]

  - by Milan Babuškov

  I'm creating a card game, and wish to offer players to choose from different sets of playing cards. The game logic remains the same, only the design and graphics on the cards would be different. It would feature classic French set, German/Hungarian one, and a bunch of other custom designed ones. I'm looking for some cool names to give to those sets. I thought maybe to use names of some world cities like "London set", "Paris set", "Tokyo set", but there might be something better. I know this is really open-ended question, so there might not be a definitive "correct" answer, but I hope this kind of brainstorming would be useful to anyone looking for ideas to name a set of... well, anything. I'll up-vote any good idea, no matter if I don't end up using any of those.

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• Problems loading Hilva tutorials

  - by Beska

  I'm a newcomer to XNA, and I'm evaluating some libraries. The Hilva Graphics Engine looks interesting, and I'm trying to run their tutorials. However, all of them give me errors. For example, if I download the ParallaxMappingSample demo, and try to build it, I get Error 1 Error loading pipeline assembly "C:\Users\Me\Desktop\ParallaxMappingSample\Hilva.Content.dll". ParallaxMappingSample I get similar errors for all of the samples. Unfortunately, this error isn't very enlightening. I can see the Hilva.Content.dll in the appropriate directory. I tried removing and readding the reference from the content project, but I get the same error. I'm not sure it's relevant, but I'm on Windows 7, I'm using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010, and XNA 4.0. Is there an easy (or difficult) solution? EDIT: If you happen to try this, even if you don't have a solution, let me know about it in a comment. Whether it works for you, or if you get the same problem...either result would be something that might let me know if it's just a problem with the tutorial, or if it's on my end.

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• Drawing visible tiles - side scrolling

  - by Troubleshoot

  Currently I'm calling drawMap every time repaint is called. This is the code I've written for my drawMap method so far. public void drawMap(Graphics2D g2d) { float cameraX = Player.getX() - (Frame.CANVAS_WIDTH / 2); float cameraY = Player.getY() - (Frame.CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2); int tileX = (int) cameraX; int tileY = (int) cameraY; int xIndent = 0, yIndent = 0; int a = 0, b = 0; while (tileX % TILE_SIZE != 0) { tileX--; xIndent++; } while (tileY % TILE_SIZE != 0) { tileY--; yIndent++; } for (int y = tileY; y < tileY + Frame.CANVAS_HEIGHT; y += Map.TILE_SIZE) { for (int x = tileX; x < tileX + Frame.CANVAS_WIDTH; x += Map.TILE_SIZE) { if ((y / TILE_SIZE < 0 || x / TILE_SIZE < 0) || (y / TILE_SIZE > columnSize)) break; g2d.drawImage(map[y / TILE_SIZE][x / TILE_SIZE], a - xIndent, b - yIndent, null); a += TILE_SIZE; } a = 0; b += TILE_SIZE; } } The idea behind this is that it gets the camera position and draws the map relative to the player position. However, instead of the player being in the center of the screen all the time, the player actually moves away from the center as it scrolls to the right, and moves towards to center as it scrolls to the left. I've been trying to pinpoint what I've done wrong but I can't seem to find it. My code also seems quite messy, so am I doing this the correct way?

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• Android - Force Close - Null Pointer on Canvas?

  - by user22241

  Please bear with me. I have a very odd problem. Basically, my app so far, has 3 activities (a main splash screen, an 'options/menu' screen and the main app). If I follow the very specific steps oulined below, I get a 'null pointer exception' in the 2nd activity) and the app force closes...... Here are the steps: Start the app (a game based on Surfaceview), tap through to the third activity so the game is running, then hit the home key so the game is paused and put to the background, the activity/app is ended through DDMS in the SDK then restarted on the device (all OK so far), now if I hit the back key on the device twice in quick succession, it happens. All other sequence of events is fine, even to the point of pressing the back key, waiting for the previous activity to show, then hitting back again - all OK. Only when the back key is pressed twice in quick succession following all the above steps does the problem occur. I'm assuming that the canvas isn't ready as it's showing as 'null' when this happens, but I'm not sure why this is happening as surely it's happening when I'm trying to go back to activity 1, but the logcat shows the error in activity 2. if I stop the activity running my 'doDraw' method (which referenced the canvas), then all is OK - so I can safely assume it is the canvas causing the problem. Also, if I skip my first activity (which is a very basic full-screen button which just displays a splashscreen and waits for the user to tap the screen), and make my 2nd activity the launch activity, again, it is OK. this is the part of the code that I think is probably relevant: @Override public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3) { vheight = this.getHeight(); vwidth = this.getWidth(); } @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { vheight = this.getHeight(); vwidth = this.getWidth(); this.viewWidth = vwidth; this.viewHeight = vheight; if (runthread==false){ if (preThread.getState()==Thread.State.TERMINATED){ preThread = new OptionsThread(thisholder, thiscontext, thishandler); } preThread.setRunning(true); preThread.start();} } @Override public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { preThread.setRunning(false); //Stop the loop boolean retry = true; //Stop the thread while (retry) { try { preThread.join(); retry = false; } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } Thank you all for any help you can offer

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• What is the recommended library for using Lua from C++?

  - by DevilWithin

  I am currently planning how to integrate Lua scripting in my 2D Game Engine, and i would like to go straight to the most adequate solution for having C++ classes and objects exposed. I've read this (if it helps you help): http://lua-users.org/wiki/BindingCodeToLua If you have a better scripting language to recomend, go for it ;D All help is welcome, i need to pickup the best solution to start implementing Thanks

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• Sub-systems in game engines

  - by Hillel

  So here's the problem- I'm writing my own engine library, and it works fine with stuff like menus and the actual game screen. The thing is, I can't really figure out how to integrate something like an intro or dialogue preceding certain levels into this system. Let's look at another example- say I have a game-specific engine which gets a Level object and runs it. Engine would have its own collision and physics system, all hard coded. Now, what if at some point in a level, I want the player to enter a mini-game with different rules? How do I morph the Engine class to support these sub-systems without having to deal with their code all the time (as in: if(regular game) ... else if(mini game) ...)? And what if I want an intro animation at the start of a level, and I want the player to be able to assume control of his character once the animation ends, do I implement the animation into the Engine class itself? Or maybe I need to run another class, CutScene, and when it ends, it calls Engine and starts the level? What if I want to add a dialogue system, where at the start of each level there's a short dialogue and the player can't control his character, and once it ends, he can? Would I then run the dialogue code inside the Engine code? Maybe these sub-systems should all be scripted? I don't know anything about scripting, is it necessary for this kind of situation? Any help would be appreciated.

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• DirectCompute information

  - by N0xus

  I've been trying to make use of the GPU as part of a project of mine. I've looked into both CUDA and OpenCL, but the lack of information showing you how to introduce these into a project is shocking. Even their dedicated forum groups are dead. So now, I'm looking into DirectCompute. From what I can tell, it's simply a new type of shader file that makes use of HLSL. My question is this, does my program (aside from being DirectX 10 / 11 ) need its structure changed? I mean, is it simply a case of creating the CS file, setting in the project like I would any other shader, and watch the magic happen? Any information on this would be appreciated.

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• Handling game logic events by behavior components

  - by chehob

  My question continues on topic discussed here I have tried implementing attribute/behavior design and here is a quick example demonstrating the issue. class HealthAttribute : public ActorAttribute { public: HealthAttribute( float val ) : mValue( val ) { } float Get( void ) const { return mValue; } void Set( float val ) { mValue = val; } private: float mValue; }; class HealthBehavior : public ActorBehavior { public: HealthBehavior( shared_ptr< HealthAttribute > health ) : pHealth( health ) { // Set OnDamage() to listen for game logic event "DamageEvent" } void OnDamage( IEventDataPtr pEventData ) { // Check DamageEvent target entity // ( compare my entity ID with event's target entity ID ) // If not my entity, do nothing // Else, modify health attribute with received DamageEvent data } protected: shared_ptr< HealthAttribute > pHealth; }; My question - is it possible to get rid of this annoying check for game logic events? In the current implementation when some entity must receive damage, game logic just fires off event that contains damage value and the entity id which should receive that damage. And all HealthBehaviors are subscribed to the DamageEvent type, which leads to any entity possesing HealthBehavior call OnDamage() even if he is not the addressee.

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• LibGdx, Texture an Object

  - by Gigi10012

  I want to set texture to an Object, this is my playerobject class: private boolean up; private float speed; private float fallacceleration = 20; private float acceleration = 15; private float maxSpeed = 300; SpriteBatch batch; public Player() { x = MyGdxGame.WIDTH - 9*MyGdxGame.WIDTH/10; y = MyGdxGame.HEIGHT - 3 * MyGdxGame.HEIGHT/10; shapex = new float[4]; shapey = new float[4]; radians = 2*MathUtils.PI; batch = new SpriteBatch(); } private void setShape() { //Simple Arrow Shape ...... } public void update(float dt) { setShape(); } public void draw(ShapeRenderer sr) { sr.setColor(0F, 0F, 0F, 1F); sr.begin(ShapeType.Line); //Drawing Shape .............. sr.end(); } What I have to do to add texture to that object? (I'm using LibGdx)

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• XNA - 2D Rotation of an object to a selected direction

  - by lobsterhat

  I'm trying to figure out the best way of rotating an object towards the directional input of the user. I'm attempting to mimic making turns on ice skates. For instance, if the player is moving right and the input is down and left, the player should start rotating to the right a set amount each tick. I'll calculate a new vector based on current velocity and rotation and apply that to the current velocity. That should give me nice arcing turns, correct? At the moment I've got eight if/else statements for each key combination which in turn check the current rotation: // Rotate to 225 if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up) && keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { // Rotate right if (rotation >= 45 || rotation < 225) { rotation += ROTATION_PER_TICK; } // Rotate left else if (rotation < 45 || rotation > 225) { rotation -= ROTATION_PER_TICK; } } This seems like a sloppy way to do this and eventually, I'll need to do this check about 10 times a tick. Any help toward a more efficient solution is appreciated.

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• c++ most used libraries [on hold]

  - by Basaa

  I'm trying to find out whether or not I want to switch from Java to c++ for my OpenGL game programming. I now have setup a test project in VS 11 professional, with GLUT. I created my windows with GLUT, and I can render OpenGL primitives without any problems. Now my question: What library(s) is/are used mostly in the indie/semi professional industry for using OpenGL in c++? With 'using OpenGL' I mean: Creating and managing an OpenGL window Actually using the OpenGL API Handling user-input (keyboard/mouse)

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• In a 2D tile-based game, how should NPCs and tiles reference each other?

  - by lezebulon

  I'm making a tile engine for 2D games (seen from the top). Basically the world is composed of a grid of tiles. Now I want to put for instance NPCs that can move on the map. What do you think is best: 1) each tile has a pointer to the NPC that is on its tile, or a NULL pointer 2) having a list of NPCs, and they have the coordinates of the tile they are on. 3) something else? 1) is faster for collision detection but it would use much more memory space and it is slower to find all NPCs in a map. 2) is the opposite. thanks

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• XNA 4.0 - Purple/Pink Tint Over All Sprites After Viewing in FullScreen

  - by D. Dubya

  I'm a noob to the game dev world and recently finished the 2D XNA tutorial from http://www.pluralsight.com. Everything was perfect until I decided to try the game in Fullscreen mode. The following code was added to the Game1 constructor. graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 800; graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 480; graphics.IsFullScreen = true; As soon as it launched in Fullscreen, I noticed that the entire game was tinted. None of the colours were appearing as they should. That code was removed, the game then launched in the 800x480 window, however the tint remained. I commented out all my Draw code so that all that was left was GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); //spriteBatch.Begin(); //gameState.Draw(spriteBatch, false); //spriteBatch.End(); //spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.Additive); //gameState.Draw(spriteBatch, true); //spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); The result was an empty window that was tinted Purple, not Blue. I changed the GraphicsDevice.Clear colour to Color.White and the window was tinted Pink. Color.Transparent gave a Black window. Even tried rebooting my PC but the 'tint' still remains. I'm at a loss here.

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• Developing an AI opponent for Monopoly

  - by Bernhard Zürn

  i want to develop an AI opponent for the Board Game Monopoly. I want to implement the whole Game with Prolog (XPCE). The probability for a field on the Board being hit, can be computed with Markov Chains. I already know some "best practices" like "after 50% of the playing time it does not make sense to buy out of jail because in jail you get renting fees for your fields but you don't have to pay for other fields as long as you stay in prison". The interesting question always is: buy a streetfield ? buy houses / hotels ? how much ? so i think i would have to compute some kind of future liquidity .. does anyone know how to pack that into an algorithm or how to translate it to prolog ?

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• How can I run and jump at the same time?

  - by Jan

  I'm having some trouble with the game I started. http://testing.fyrastudio.com/lab/tweetOlympics/v0.002/ The thing is that i have an athlete running and he must jump at the same time. A race with obstacles. I have him running (with pressing the letter Q repeateadly). I also have him jumping (with letter P) But the thing is that when he runs and jumps at the same time, he seems to be jumping at the same place, instead of going forward with the jump... any ideas how can I fix this?? This is the code I'm using for running and jumping on a continuos loop. //if accelearing and the last time that he accelerated was less than X seconds ago, hes running an accelaring if (athlete.accelerating && timeCurrent - athlete.last_acceleration > athlete.delay_acceleration) { athlete.accelerating = false; athlete.last_acceleration = timeCurrent; athlete.running = true; } if (!athlete.accelerating && timeCurrent - athlete.last_acceleration > athlete.delay_acceleration) { athlete.decelerating = true; } if(athlete.decelerating && timeCurrent - athlete.last_deceleration > athlete.delay_deceleration){ if(athlete.speed >= 1){ //athlete starts to decelarate athlete.last_deceleration = timeCurrent; athlete.decelerate(); }else { athlete.running = false; } } if (athlete.running) { athlete.position += athlete.speed; } if (athlete.jumping) { if (athlete.jump_height < 1) { athlete.jump_height = 1; }else { if (athlete.jump_height >= athlete.jump_max_height) { athlete.jump_height = athlete.jump_max_height; athlete.jumping = false; }else { athlete.jump_height = athlete.jump_height * athlete.jump_speed; } } } if (!athlete.jumping) { if(athlete.jump_height > 1){ athlete.jump_height = athlete.jump_height * 0.9; }else { athlete.jump_height = 1; } } athlete.scaleX = athlete.scaleY = athlete.jump_height; athlete.x = athlete.position; Thanks!

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• How do I interpolate air drag with a variable time step?

  - by Valentin Krummenacher

  So I have a little game which works with small steps, however those steps vary in time, so for example I sometimes have 10 Steps/second and then I have 20 Steps/second. This changes automatically depending on how many steps the user's computer can take. To avoid inaccurate positioning of the game's player object I use y=v0*dt+g*dt^2/2 to determine my objects y-position, where dt is the time since the last step, v0 is the velocity of my object in the beginning of my step and g is the gravity. To calculate the velocity in the end of a step I use v=v0+g*dt what also gives me correct results, independent of whether I use 2 steps with a dt of for example 20ms or one step with a dt of 40ms. Now I would like to introduce air drag. For simplicity's sake I use a=k*v^2 where a is the air drag's acceleration (I am aware that it would usually result in a force, but since I assume 1kg for my object's mass the force is the same as the resulting acceleration), k is a constant (in this case I'm using 0.001) and v is the speed. Now in an infinitely small time interval a is k multiplied by the velocity in this small time interval powered by 2. The problem is that v in the next time interval would depend on the drag of the last which again depends on the v of the last interval and so on... In other words: If I use a=k*v^2 I get different results for my position/velocity when I use 2 steps of 20ms than when I use one step of 40ms. I used to have this problem for my position too, but adding +g*dt^2/2 to the formula for my position fixed the problem since it takes into account that the position depends on the velocity which changes slightly in every infinitely small time interval. Does something like that exist for air drag too? And no, I dont mean anything like Adding air drag to a golf ball trajectory equation or similar, for that kind of method only gives correct results when all my steps are the same. (I hope you can understand my intermediate english, it's not my main language so I would like to say sorry for all the silly mistakes I might have made in my question)

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• Transparent JPanel, Canvas background in JFrame

  - by Andy Tyurin

  I wanna make canvas background and add some elements on top of it. For this goal I made JPanel as transparent container with setOpaque(false) and added it as first of JFrame container, then I added canvas with black background (in future I wanna set animation) to JFrame as second element. But I can't undestand why i see grey background, not a black. Any suggestions? public class Game extends JFrame { public Container container; //Game container with components public Canvas backgroundLayer; //Background layer of a game public JPanel elementsLayer; //elements panel (top of backgroundLayer), holds different elements private Dimension startGameDimension = new Dimension(800,600); //start game dimension public Game() { //init main window super("Astra LaserForces"); setSize(startGameDimension); setBackground(Color.CYAN); container=getContentPane(); container.setLayout(null); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //init jpanel elements layer elementsLayer=new JPanel(); elementsLayer.setSize(startGameDimension); elementsLayer.setBackground(Color.BLUE); elementsLayer.setOpaque(false); container.add(elementsLayer); //init canvas background layer backgroundLayer = new Canvas(); backgroundLayer.setSize(startGameDimension); backgroundLayer.setBackground(Color.BLACK); //set default black color container.add(backgroundLayer); } //start game public void start() { setVisible(true); } //create new instance of game and start it public static void main(String[] args) { new Game().start(); } }

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• Sprite Body can not stop

  - by Diken

  Hey i have issue regarding jump sprite body. In my code i am using moveLeft and moveRight Button and when i am press moveRight Button using following code if (moveRight.active==YES) { b2Vec2 force=b2Vec2(4,0); ballBody->SetLinearVelocity(force); } Its move perfectly and When i release this Button than sprite body stop using following code else { b2Vec2 force=b2Vec2(0,0); ballBody->SetLinearVelocity(force); } But when i put this else part then jump can not done. My jump code is following if (jumpSprite.active==YES) { NSLog(@"Jump Sprite"); b2Vec2 locationWorld; locationWorld=b2Vec2(0.0f,4.0f); double force=ballBody->GetMass(); ballBody->ApplyLinearImpulse(force*locationWorld, ballBody->GetWorldCenter()); } If i remove else part then jump will perform complete but sprite body can not stop after release button. So what to do?? Thanks in advance

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• Help with calculation to steer ship in 3d space

  - by Aaron Anodide

  I'm a beginner using XNA to try and make a 3D Asteroids game. I'm really close to having my space ship drive around as if it had thrusters for pitch and yaw. The problem is I can't quite figure out how to translate the rotations, for instance, when I pitch forward 45 degrees and then start to turn - in this case there should be rotation being applied to all three directions to get the "diagonal yaw" - right? I thought I had it right with the calculations below, but they cause a partly pitched forward ship to wobble instead of turn.... :( Here's current (almost working) calculations for the Rotation acceleration: float accel = .75f; // Thrust +Y / Forward if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.I)) { this.ship.AccelerationY += (float)Math.Cos(this.ship.RotationZ) * accel; this.ship.AccelerationX += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationZ) * -accel; this.ship.AccelerationZ += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationX) * accel; } // Rotation +Z / Yaw if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.J)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationZ += (float)Math.Cos(this.ship.RotationX) * accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationY += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationX) * accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationX += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationY) * accel; } // Rotation -Z / Yaw if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.K)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationZ += (float)Math.Cos(this.ship.RotationX) * -accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationY += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationX) * -accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationX += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationY) * -accel; } // Rotation +X / Pitch if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.F)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationX += accel; } // Rotation -X / Pitch if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.D)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationX -= accel; } I'm combining that with drawing code that does a rotation to the model: public void Draw(Matrix world, Matrix view, Matrix projection, TimeSpan elsapsedTime) { float seconds = (float)elsapsedTime.TotalSeconds; // update velocity based on acceleration this.VelocityX += this.AccelerationX * seconds; this.VelocityY += this.AccelerationY * seconds; this.VelocityZ += this.AccelerationZ * seconds; // update position based on velocity this.PositionX += this.VelocityX * seconds; this.PositionY += this.VelocityY * seconds; this.PositionZ += this.VelocityZ * seconds; // update rotational velocity based on rotational acceleration this.RotationVelocityX += this.RotationAccelerationX * seconds; this.RotationVelocityY += this.RotationAccelerationY * seconds; this.RotationVelocityZ += this.RotationAccelerationZ * seconds; // update rotation based on rotational velocity this.RotationX += this.RotationVelocityX * seconds; this.RotationY += this.RotationVelocityY * seconds; this.RotationZ += this.RotationVelocityZ * seconds; Matrix translation = Matrix.CreateTranslation(PositionX, PositionY, PositionZ); Matrix rotation = Matrix.CreateRotationX(RotationX) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(RotationY) * Matrix.CreateRotationZ(RotationZ); model.Root.Transform = rotation * translation * world; model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(boneTransforms); foreach (ModelMesh mesh in model.Meshes) { foreach (BasicEffect effect in mesh.Effects) { effect.World = boneTransforms[mesh.ParentBone.Index]; effect.View = view; effect.Projection = projection; effect.EnableDefaultLighting(); } mesh.Draw(); } }

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• Dynamic quadrees

  - by paul424

  recently I come out writing Quadtree for creatures culling in Opendungeons game. Thing is those are moving points and bounding hierarchy will quickly get lost if the quadtree is not rebuild very often. I have several variants, first is to upgrade the leaf position , every time creature move is requested. ( note if I would need collision detection anyway, so this might be necessery anyway). Second would be making leafs enough large , that the creature would sure stay inside it's bounding box ( due to its speed limit). The partition of a plane in quadtree is always fixed ( modulo the hierarchical unions of some parts) . For creatures close to the center of the plane , there would be no way of keeping it but inside one big leaf, besides this brokes the invariant that each point can be put into any small area as desired. So on the second thought could I use several quadrees ? Each would have its "coordinate axis XY" somwhere shifted ? Before I start playing with this maybe some other space diving structure would suit me better, unfortunetly wiki does not compare it's execution time : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_%28spatial_index%29#See_also

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