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• Algorithm for procedural city generation?

  - by Zove Games

  I am planning on making a (simple) procedural city generator using Java. I need ideas on whan algorithm to use for the layout, and the actual buildings. The city will mostly have skyscrapers, not really much complex stuff. For the layout I already have a simple algorithm implemented: Create a Map with java.awt.Point keys and Integer values. Fill it with all the points in the city's bounds with the value as -1 (unnassigned) Shuffle the map, and assign the 1st 10 of the keys IDs (from 1-10) Loop until all points have IDs: Loop though all points: Assign points next to an assigned point IDs of the point next to them, if 2 or more points border the point, then randomly choose which ID the point will get. You will end up with 10 random regions. Make roads bordering these regions. Fill the inside of each region with a randomly spaced and randomly rotated grid PROBLEM: This is not the fastest way to do it. What algorithm should I use for the layout. And what should I use to make each building's design? I don't even know how I'm going to do that yet (fractals maybe). I just need some ideas, not actual code.

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• DirectX 10 Instancing Problem (objects cannot be seen)

  - by Riffraff

  Right now I'm trying to implement an area that is filled with vegetation. I have tried mesh version and right now I'm trying to implement instancing version but I cannot manage to make it work. I can't see any object. I search for any problem of buffers with FAILED() and D3D10_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG but they didn't help me either. Right now I don't even know which part of my code to share to explain my problem.

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• Textures selectively not applying in Unity

  - by user46790

  On certain imported objects (fbx) in Unity, upon applying a material, only the base colour of the material is applied, with none of the tiled texture showing. This isn't universal; on a test model only some submeshes didn't show the texture, while some did. I have tried every combination of import/calculate normals/tangents to no avail. FYI I'm not exactly experienced with the software or gamedev in general; this is to make a small static scene with 3-4 objects max. One model tested was created in 3DSMax, the other in Blender. I've had this happen on every export from Blender, but only some submeshes from the 3DSMax model (internet sourced to test the problem)

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• LibGdx, Texture an Object

  - by Gigi10012

  I want to set texture to an Object, this is my playerobject class: private boolean up; private float speed; private float fallacceleration = 20; private float acceleration = 15; private float maxSpeed = 300; SpriteBatch batch; public Player() { x = MyGdxGame.WIDTH - 9*MyGdxGame.WIDTH/10; y = MyGdxGame.HEIGHT - 3 * MyGdxGame.HEIGHT/10; shapex = new float[4]; shapey = new float[4]; radians = 2*MathUtils.PI; batch = new SpriteBatch(); } private void setShape() { //Simple Arrow Shape ...... } public void update(float dt) { setShape(); } public void draw(ShapeRenderer sr) { sr.setColor(0F, 0F, 0F, 1F); sr.begin(ShapeType.Line); //Drawing Shape .............. sr.end(); } What I have to do to add texture to that object? (I'm using LibGdx)

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• how to use string::find to look for a word rather each character seperately

  - by RubyKing

  Hello how would I look through a string for a word rather then each character in that word. I have my code here and it always seems to find everything that is .obj even if its o or b or j or "." is there anyway to get passed this here is my code? I checked the docuementation here link but nothing returned any results I craved so hard string &str = *it; if(it->find(".obj")) { cout << "Found .Obj" << endl; } I also tried to use string::compare but that failed :(

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• Android - Force Close - Null Pointer on Canvas?

  - by user22241

  Please bear with me. I have a very odd problem. Basically, my app so far, has 3 activities (a main splash screen, an 'options/menu' screen and the main app). If I follow the very specific steps oulined below, I get a 'null pointer exception' in the 2nd activity) and the app force closes...... Here are the steps: Start the app (a game based on Surfaceview), tap through to the third activity so the game is running, then hit the home key so the game is paused and put to the background, the activity/app is ended through DDMS in the SDK then restarted on the device (all OK so far), now if I hit the back key on the device twice in quick succession, it happens. All other sequence of events is fine, even to the point of pressing the back key, waiting for the previous activity to show, then hitting back again - all OK. Only when the back key is pressed twice in quick succession following all the above steps does the problem occur. I'm assuming that the canvas isn't ready as it's showing as 'null' when this happens, but I'm not sure why this is happening as surely it's happening when I'm trying to go back to activity 1, but the logcat shows the error in activity 2. if I stop the activity running my 'doDraw' method (which referenced the canvas), then all is OK - so I can safely assume it is the canvas causing the problem. Also, if I skip my first activity (which is a very basic full-screen button which just displays a splashscreen and waits for the user to tap the screen), and make my 2nd activity the launch activity, again, it is OK. this is the part of the code that I think is probably relevant: @Override public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3) { vheight = this.getHeight(); vwidth = this.getWidth(); } @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { vheight = this.getHeight(); vwidth = this.getWidth(); this.viewWidth = vwidth; this.viewHeight = vheight; if (runthread==false){ if (preThread.getState()==Thread.State.TERMINATED){ preThread = new OptionsThread(thisholder, thiscontext, thishandler); } preThread.setRunning(true); preThread.start();} } @Override public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { preThread.setRunning(false); //Stop the loop boolean retry = true; //Stop the thread while (retry) { try { preThread.join(); retry = false; } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } Thank you all for any help you can offer

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• GameStateManagement and inputs not being recognized

  - by Dave Voyles

  EDIT: I've removed a bit of code from the input class to make this more readable, and updated my StartScreen class, which is now at the bottom. I have the same issues though, but they are explained in my comments on the bottom of this page. It won't let me paste my additional code here (the format comes out crazy), so I've linked to pastebin with the code pastebin I've been trying to implement the MS provided GameStateManagement sample with my game, but it has proven a bit difficult. Really, I'm using Oneksoft's Starter Kit, which uses the MS provided sample, so they are identical, except for my splash screen. I'm able to get the splash screen to launch, where it informs the player to press A to advance the screen, but this doesn't seem to accept any of my inputs. I’ve also added Console.Writeline(“Pressing A”) under the IsMenuPressed method in Input.cs to verify that it is getting called, but for some reason it is constantly spamming my log, rather than just appearing each time I press it. Not sure why this is happening. I have a bit too much code to post it all here, so I’ve attached a link to my .rar with my classes, but I’ll also leave a bit here which I thinkmay be applicable. https://www.dropbox.com/sh/6ek4uru2jc2ch0k/JTeBWN_3PQ What do you guys think the issue is? namespace Pong { public class Input { public const int MaxInputs = 4; public readonly KeyboardState[] CurrentKeyboardState; public readonly GamePadState[] CurrentGamePadState; public KeyboardState[] LastKeyboardState; public GamePadState[] LastGamePadState; public readonly bool[] GamePadWasConnected; public Input() { // Get input state CurrentKeyboardState = new KeyboardState[MaxInputs]; CurrentGamePadState = new GamePadState[MaxInputs]; // Preserving last states to check for isKeyUp events LastKeyboardState = CurrentKeyboardState; LastGamePadState = CurrentGamePadState; } /// <summary> /// Checks for a "menu select" input action. /// The controllingPlayer parameter specifies which player to read input for. /// If this is null, it will accept input from any player. When the action /// is detected, the output playerIndex reports which player pressed it. /// </summary> public bool IsMenuSelect(PlayerIndex? controllingPlayer, out PlayerIndex playerIndex) { Console.WriteLine("Pressing A"); return IsNewKeyPress(Keys.Space, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex) || IsNewKeyPress(Keys.Enter, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex) || IsNewButtonPress(Buttons.A, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex) || IsNewButtonPress(Buttons.Start, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex); } /// <summary> /// Checks for a "menu cancel" input action. /// The controllingPlayer parameter specifies which player to read input for. /// If this is null, it will accept input from any player. When the action /// is detected, the output playerIndex reports which player pressed it. /// </summary> public bool IsMenuCancel(PlayerIndex? controllingPlayer, out PlayerIndex playerIndex) { return IsNewKeyPress(Keys.Escape, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex) || IsNewButtonPress(Buttons.B, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex) || IsNewButtonPress(Buttons.Back, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex); }

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• Problems loading Hilva tutorials

  - by Beska

  I'm a newcomer to XNA, and I'm evaluating some libraries. The Hilva Graphics Engine looks interesting, and I'm trying to run their tutorials. However, all of them give me errors. For example, if I download the ParallaxMappingSample demo, and try to build it, I get Error 1 Error loading pipeline assembly "C:\Users\Me\Desktop\ParallaxMappingSample\Hilva.Content.dll". ParallaxMappingSample I get similar errors for all of the samples. Unfortunately, this error isn't very enlightening. I can see the Hilva.Content.dll in the appropriate directory. I tried removing and readding the reference from the content project, but I get the same error. I'm not sure it's relevant, but I'm on Windows 7, I'm using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010, and XNA 4.0. Is there an easy (or difficult) solution? EDIT: If you happen to try this, even if you don't have a solution, let me know about it in a comment. Whether it works for you, or if you get the same problem...either result would be something that might let me know if it's just a problem with the tutorial, or if it's on my end.

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• Ideas for card deck names [closed]

  - by Milan Babuškov

  I'm creating a card game, and wish to offer players to choose from different sets of playing cards. The game logic remains the same, only the design and graphics on the cards would be different. It would feature classic French set, German/Hungarian one, and a bunch of other custom designed ones. I'm looking for some cool names to give to those sets. I thought maybe to use names of some world cities like "London set", "Paris set", "Tokyo set", but there might be something better. I know this is really open-ended question, so there might not be a definitive "correct" answer, but I hope this kind of brainstorming would be useful to anyone looking for ideas to name a set of... well, anything. I'll up-vote any good idea, no matter if I don't end up using any of those.

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• Vector-based fonts vs. bitmap fonts in (2d) games?

  - by jmp97

  I know that many games are using bitmap fonts. Which are the advantages for vector-based font rendering / manipulation when compared to bitmap fonts and in which scenarios would they matter the most? Prefer a focus on 2d games when answering this question. If relevant, please include examples for games using either approach. Some factors you might consider: amount of text used in the game scaling of text overlaying glyphs and anti-aliasing general rendering quality font colors and styling user interface requirements localisation / unicode text wrapping and formatting cross-platform deployment 2d vs 3d Background: I am developing a simple falling blocks game in 2d, targeted for pc. I would like to add text labels for level, score, and menu buttons. I am using SFML which uses FreeType internally, so vector-based features are easily available for my project. In my view, font sizes in simple games often don't vary, and bitmap fonts should be easier for cross-platform concerns (font-formats and font rendering quality). But I am unsure if I am missing some important points here, especially since I want to polish the looks of the final game.

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• Drawing visible tiles - side scrolling

  - by Troubleshoot

  Currently I'm calling drawMap every time repaint is called. This is the code I've written for my drawMap method so far. public void drawMap(Graphics2D g2d) { float cameraX = Player.getX() - (Frame.CANVAS_WIDTH / 2); float cameraY = Player.getY() - (Frame.CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2); int tileX = (int) cameraX; int tileY = (int) cameraY; int xIndent = 0, yIndent = 0; int a = 0, b = 0; while (tileX % TILE_SIZE != 0) { tileX--; xIndent++; } while (tileY % TILE_SIZE != 0) { tileY--; yIndent++; } for (int y = tileY; y < tileY + Frame.CANVAS_HEIGHT; y += Map.TILE_SIZE) { for (int x = tileX; x < tileX + Frame.CANVAS_WIDTH; x += Map.TILE_SIZE) { if ((y / TILE_SIZE < 0 || x / TILE_SIZE < 0) || (y / TILE_SIZE > columnSize)) break; g2d.drawImage(map[y / TILE_SIZE][x / TILE_SIZE], a - xIndent, b - yIndent, null); a += TILE_SIZE; } a = 0; b += TILE_SIZE; } } The idea behind this is that it gets the camera position and draws the map relative to the player position. However, instead of the player being in the center of the screen all the time, the player actually moves away from the center as it scrolls to the right, and moves towards to center as it scrolls to the left. I've been trying to pinpoint what I've done wrong but I can't seem to find it. My code also seems quite messy, so am I doing this the correct way?

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• Problem with SAT collision detection overlap checking code

  - by handyface

  I'm trying to implement a script that detects whether two rotated rectangles collide for my game, using SAT (Separating Axis Theorem). I used the method explained in the following article for my implementation in Google Dart. 2D Rotated Rectangle Collision I tried to implement this code into my game. Basically from what I understood was that I have two rectangles, these two rectangles can produce four axis (two per rectangle) by subtracting adjacent corner coordinates. Then all the corners from both rectangles need to be projected onto each axis, then multiplying the coordinates of the projection by the axis coordinates (point.x*axis.x+point.y*axis.y) to make a scalar value and checking whether the range of both the rectangle's projections overlap. When all the axis have overlapping projections, there's a collision. First of all, I'm wondering whether my comprehension about this algorithm is correct. If so I'd like to get some pointers in where my implementation (written in Dart, which is very readable for people comfortable with C-syntax) goes wrong. Thanks! EDIT: The question has been solved. For those interested in the working implementation: Click here

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• What are the pros and cons of non-unique display names?

  - by Davy8

  I know of at least big title game (Starcraft II) that doesn't require unique display names, so it would seem like it can work in at least some circumstance. Under what situations does allowing non-unique display names work well? When does it not work well? Does it come down to whether or not impersonation of someone else is a problem? The reasons I believe it works for Starcraft II is that there isn't any kind of in-game trading of virtual goods and other than "for kicks" there isn't much incentive to impersonate someone else in the game. There's also ladder rankings so even trying to impersonate a pro is easily detectable unless you're on a similar skill level. What are some other cases where it makes sense to specifically allow or disallow duplicate display names?

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• libGDX using Stage and Actor produces different camera angles on desktop and Android Phone

  - by Brandon

  libGDX using Stage and Actor produces different camera angles on desktop and Android Phone. Here are pictures demonstrating the problem: http://brandonyuh.minus.com/mFpdTSgN17VUq On the desktop version, the image takes up most all the screen. On the Android phone it only takes up a bit of the screen. Here's the code (not my actual project but I isolated the problem): package com.me.mygdxgame2; import com.badlogic.gdx.*; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.*; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture.TextureFilter; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.*; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.*; public class MyGdxGame2 implements ApplicationListener { private Stage stage; public void create() { stage = new Stage(); stage.addActor(new ActorHi()); } public void render() { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 1, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); stage.draw(); } public void dispose() {} public void resize(int width, int height) {} public void pause() {} public void resume() {} public class ActorHi extends Actor { private Sprite sprite; public ActorHi() { Texture texture = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("data/hi.png")); texture.setFilter(TextureFilter.Linear, TextureFilter.Linear); sprite = new Sprite(new TextureRegion(texture, 0, 0, 128, 128)); sprite.setBounds(0, 0, 300.0f, 300.0f); } public void draw(SpriteBatch batch, float parentAlpha) { sprite.draw(batch); } } } hi.png is included in the above link Thank you very much for answering my question. I've spent 3 days trying to figure it out.

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• BoundingBox Intersection Problems

  - by Deukalion

  When I try to render two cubes, same sizes, one beside the other. With the same proportions (XYZ). My problem is, why do a Box1.BoundingBox.Contains(Box2.BoundingBox) == ContaintmentType.Intersects - when it clearly doesn't? I'm trying to place objects with BoundingBoxes as "intersection" checking, but this simple example clearly shows that this doesn't work. Why is that? I also try checking height of the next object to be placed, by checking intersection, adding each boxes height += (Max.Y - Min.Y) to a Height value, so when I add a new Box it has a height value. This works, but sometimes due to strange behavior it adds extra values when there isn't anything there. This is an example of what I mean: BoundingBox box1 = GetBoundaries(new Vector3(0, 0, 0), new Vector3(128, 64, 128)); BoundingBox box2 = GetBoundaries(new Vector3(128, 0, 0), new Vector3(128, 64, 128)); if (box1.Contains(box2) == ContainmentType.Intersects) { // This will be executed System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Intersects = True"); } if (box1.Contains(box2) == ContainmentType.Disjoint) { System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Disjoint = True"); } if (box1.Contains(box2) == ContainmentType.Contains) { System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Contains = True"); } Test Method: public BoundingBox GetBoundaries(Vector3 position, Vector3 size) { Vector3[] vertices = new Vector3[8]; vertices[0] = position + new Vector3(-0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f) * size; vertices[1] = position + new Vector3(-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f) * size; vertices[2] = position + new Vector3(0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f) * size; vertices[3] = position + new Vector3(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f) * size; vertices[4] = position + new Vector3(-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f) * size; vertices[5] = position + new Vector3(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f) * size; vertices[6] = position + new Vector3(0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f) * size; vertices[7] = position + new Vector3(0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f) * size; return BoundingBox.CreateFromPoints(vertices); } Box 1 should start at x -64, Box 2 should start at x 64 which means they never overlap. If I add Box 2 to 129 instead it creates a small gap between the cubes which is not pretty. So, the question is how can I place two cubes beside eachother and make them understand that they do not overlap or actually intersect? Because this way I can never automatically check for intersections or place cube beside eachother.

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• What is the recommended library for using Lua from C++?

  - by DevilWithin

  I am currently planning how to integrate Lua scripting in my 2D Game Engine, and i would like to go straight to the most adequate solution for having C++ classes and objects exposed. I've read this (if it helps you help): http://lua-users.org/wiki/BindingCodeToLua If you have a better scripting language to recomend, go for it ;D All help is welcome, i need to pickup the best solution to start implementing Thanks

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• How to apply Data Oriented Design with Object Oriented Programming?

  - by Pombal

  Hi. I've read lots of articles about DOD and I understand it but I can't design an Object Oriented system with DOD in mind, I think my OOP education is blocking me. How should I think to mix the two? The objective is to have a nice OO interface while using DOD behind the scenes. I saw this too but didn't help much: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3872354/how-to-apply-dop-and-keep-a-nice-user-interface

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• Collision Detection for 2D

  - by Bhaskar

  I am working on a simple game, where I need to do a collision detection of two Texture2D. The code I have written is: bool perPixelCollission = false; Texture2D texture1 = sprite1.Texture; Texture2D texture2 = sprite1.Texture; Vector2 position1 = new Vector2(sprite1.CurrentScope.X, sprite1.CurrentScope.Y); Vector2 position2 = new Vector2(sprite2.CurrentScope.X, sprite2.CurrentScope.Y); uint[] bitsA = new uint[texture1.Width * texture1.Height]; uint[] bitsB = new uint[texture2.Width * texture2.Height]; Rectangle texture1Rectangle = new Rectangle(Convert.ToInt32(position1.X), Convert.ToInt32(position1.Y), texture1.Width, texture1.Height); Rectangle texture2Rectangle = new Rectangle(Convert.ToInt32(position2.X), Convert.ToInt32(position2.Y), texture2.Width, texture2.Height); texture1.GetData<uint>(bitsA); texture2.GetData<uint>(bitsB); int x1 = Math.Max(texture1Rectangle.X, texture2Rectangle.X); int x2 = Math.Min(texture1Rectangle.X + texture1Rectangle.Width, texture2Rectangle.X + texture2Rectangle.Width); int y1 = Math.Max(texture1Rectangle.Y, texture2Rectangle.Y); int y2 = Math.Min(texture1Rectangle.Y + texture1Rectangle.Height, texture2Rectangle.Y + texture2Rectangle.Height); for (int y = y1; y < y2; ++y) { for (int x = x1; x < x2; ++x) { if (((bitsA[(x - texture1Rectangle.X) + (y - texture1Rectangle.Y) * texture1Rectangle.Width] & 0xFF000000) >> 24) > 20 && ((bitsB[(x - texture2Rectangle.X) + (y - texture2Rectangle.Y) * texture2Rectangle.Width] & 0xFF000000) >> 24) > 20) { perPixelCollission = true; break; } } // Reduce amount of looping by breaking out of this. if (perPixelCollission) { break; } } return perPixelCollission; But this code is really making the game slow. Where can I get some very good collision detection tutorial and code? What is wrong in this code?

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• How do I detect if sprite should be going up or down?

  - by Geore Shg

  I use the following code to detect if a sprite should be going up or down: If (pos.Y + 100) >= Sprite.BottomY Then Going_up = True pos.Y = Sprite.BottomY - 130 End If If pos.Y <= Sprite.TopY Then Going_up = False pos.Y = Sprite.TopY - 1 Vel.Y = 3 End If Then my response code: If Going_up Then Vel.Y -= CSng(gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds / 40) pos.Y -= Vel.Y Else Vel.Y += CSng(gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds / 40) pos.Y += Vel.Y End If Sprite.velocity = Vel Sprite.position = pos But it's pretty terrible. It only works when the sprite starts at the top, and when I want to change the BottomY and TopY, it just starts glitching. What is a better to detect if the sprite should be going up or down?

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• XNA - 2D Rotation of an object to a selected direction

  - by lobsterhat

  I'm trying to figure out the best way of rotating an object towards the directional input of the user. I'm attempting to mimic making turns on ice skates. For instance, if the player is moving right and the input is down and left, the player should start rotating to the right a set amount each tick. I'll calculate a new vector based on current velocity and rotation and apply that to the current velocity. That should give me nice arcing turns, correct? At the moment I've got eight if/else statements for each key combination which in turn check the current rotation: // Rotate to 225 if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up) && keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { // Rotate right if (rotation >= 45 || rotation < 225) { rotation += ROTATION_PER_TICK; } // Rotate left else if (rotation < 45 || rotation > 225) { rotation -= ROTATION_PER_TICK; } } This seems like a sloppy way to do this and eventually, I'll need to do this check about 10 times a tick. Any help toward a more efficient solution is appreciated.

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• Find angle for projectile to meet target in parabolic arc

  - by TheBroodian

  I'm making a thing that launches projectiles in 2D. Its projectiles are fired with a set initial velocity, and are only affected by gravity. Assuming that its target is within range, and that there aren't any obstacles, how would my thing find the appropriate angle at which to launch its projectile (in radians)? The equation for this is found here: Wikipedia: Angle Required to Hit Coordinate Sadly, I'm not a physicist (a.k.a. can't read smart people math) and am having a hard time reading its breakdown. If not only for the sake of anybody else that might read this other than myself, would anybody be kind enough to break the equation down into baby words please?

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• How to create Button/Switch-Like Tile where you can step on it and change its value?

  - by aldroid16

  If the player step on Button-Tile when its true, it become false. If the player step on Button-Tile when its false, it become true. The problem is, when the player stand on (intersect) the Button-Tile, it will keep updating the condition. So, from true, it become false. Because its false and player intersect on it, it become true again. True-false-true-false and so on. I use ElapsedGameTime to make the updating process slower, and player can have a chance to change the Button to true or false. However, its not a solution I was looking for. Is there any other way to make it keep in False/True condition while the Player standing on it (The Button tile) ?

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• Cheap ways to do scaling ops in shader?

  - by Nick Wiggill

  I've got an extensive world terrain that uses vec3 for the vertex position attribute. That's good, because the terrain has endless gradations due to the use of floating point. But I'm thinking about how to reduce the amount of data uploaded to the GPU. For my terrain, which uses discrete / grid-based vertex positions in x and z, it's pretty clear that I can replace my vec3s (floats, really) with shorts, halving the per-vertex position attribute cost from 12 bytes each to 6 bytes. Considering I've got little enough other vertex data, and an enormous amount of terrain data to push into the world, it's a major gain. Currently in my code, one unit in GLSL shaders is equal to 1m in the world. I like that scale. If I move over to using shorts, though, I won't be able to use the same scale, as I would then have a very blocky world where every step in height is an entire metre. So I see these potential solutions to scale the positional data correctly once it arrives at the vertex shader stage: Use 10:1 scaling, i.e. 1 short unit = 1 decimetre in CPU-side code. Do a division by 10 in the vertex shader to scale incoming decimetre values back to metres. Arbirary (non-PoT) divisions tend to be slow, however. Use (some-power-of-two):1 scaling (eg. 8:1), which enables the use of a bitshift (eg. val >> 3) to do the division... not sure how performant this is in shaders, though. Not as intuitive to read values, but possibly quite a bit faster than div by a non-PoT value. Use a texture as lookup table. I've heard that this is really fast. Or whatever solutions others can offer to achieve the same results -- minimal vertex data with sensible scaling.

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• Transparent JPanel, Canvas background in JFrame

  - by Andy Tyurin

  I wanna make canvas background and add some elements on top of it. For this goal I made JPanel as transparent container with setOpaque(false) and added it as first of JFrame container, then I added canvas with black background (in future I wanna set animation) to JFrame as second element. But I can't undestand why i see grey background, not a black. Any suggestions? public class Game extends JFrame { public Container container; //Game container with components public Canvas backgroundLayer; //Background layer of a game public JPanel elementsLayer; //elements panel (top of backgroundLayer), holds different elements private Dimension startGameDimension = new Dimension(800,600); //start game dimension public Game() { //init main window super("Astra LaserForces"); setSize(startGameDimension); setBackground(Color.CYAN); container=getContentPane(); container.setLayout(null); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //init jpanel elements layer elementsLayer=new JPanel(); elementsLayer.setSize(startGameDimension); elementsLayer.setBackground(Color.BLUE); elementsLayer.setOpaque(false); container.add(elementsLayer); //init canvas background layer backgroundLayer = new Canvas(); backgroundLayer.setSize(startGameDimension); backgroundLayer.setBackground(Color.BLACK); //set default black color container.add(backgroundLayer); } //start game public void start() { setVisible(true); } //create new instance of game and start it public static void main(String[] args) { new Game().start(); } }

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• XNA 4: RenderTarget2D textures getting transparent on fullscreen

  - by Shashwat

  I'm generating a Texture2D object using RenderTarget2D as in the following code public static Texture2D GetTextTexture(string text, Vector2 position, SpriteFont font, Color foreColor, Color backColor, Texture2D background=null) { int width = (int)font.MeasureString(text).X; int height = (int)font.MeasureString(text).Y; GraphicsDevice device = Settings.game.GraphicsDevice; SpriteBatch spriteBatch = Settings.game.spriteBatch; RenderTarget2D renderTarget = new RenderTarget2D(device, width, height, false, SurfaceFormat.Color, DepthFormat.Depth24Stencil8, device.PresentationParameters.MultiSampleCount, RenderTargetUsage.DiscardContents); device.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget); device.Clear(backColor); spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, BlendState.Opaque); if (background != null) spriteBatch.Draw(background, new Rectangle(0, 0, 70, 70), Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.DrawString(font, text, position, foreColor, 0, new Vector2(0), 0.8f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); spriteBatch.End(); device.SetRenderTarget(null); ResetGraphicsDeviceSettings(); return (Texture2D)renderTarget; } It's working all fine. But when I ToggleFullScreen() (and vice-versa), the previous textures are getting transparent. However, the new textures after that are being generated correctly. What can be the reason for this?

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